Digital Commons Network^™

Free Trade, Poverty, And Inequality, Nicole Hassoun

Philosophy Faculty Scholarship

Anyone familiar with The Economist knows the mantra: Free trade will ameliorate poverty by increasing growth and reducing inequality. This paper suggests that problems underlying measurement of poverty, inequality, and free trade provide reason to worry about this argument. Furthermore, the paper suggests that better evidence is necessary to establish that free trade is causing inequality and poverty to fall. Experimental studies usually provide the best evidence of causation. So, the paper concludes with a call for further research into the prospects for ethically acceptable experimental testing of free trade's impact on poverty and inequality. Although the paper is unabashedly …

Evaluation Of Syracuse Healthy Start’S Program For Abnormal Flora Management To Reduce Preterm Birth Among Pregnant Women, Emilia H. Koumans, Sandra D. Lane, Richard Aubry, Kathleen Demott, Noah Webster, Brooke A. Levandowski

Falk College Research Center

Randomized trials of bacterial vaginosis (BV) treatment among pregnant women to reduce preterm birth have had mixed results. Among non-pregnant women, BV recurs frequently after treatment. Randomized trials of early BV treatment for pregnant women in which recurrence was retreated have shown promise in reducing preterm birth. Syracuse’s Healthy Start (SHS) program began in 1997; in 1998 prenatal care providers for pregnant women living in high infant mortality zip codes were encouraged to screen for abnormal vaginal flora at the first prenatal visit. Vaginal swabs were sent to a referral hospital laboratory for Gram staining and interpretation. SHS encouraged providers …

Nicotine Dependence Among Rural-Urban Migrants In China, Junqing Wu, Tingzhong Yang, Ian R H Rockett, Rui Xing, Sejla Karalic, Yuyan Li, Yufeng Zhang

Faculty & Staff Scholarship

ackground

The complex mechanism of nicotine dependency makes it challenging to evaluate dependence or progress towards dependence. The aim of this study was to estimate nicotine dependence levels and identify determinants of dependence among Chinese rural-urban migrants.

Methods

Multi-stage systematic sampling was used to select 4,198 rural-urban migrants aged 18 years or older from three metropolises in China. A structured questionnaire was administered during face-to-face interviews. Nicotine dependence among participants was assessed by means of the six-item Mandarin Chinese Version of the Fagerström Test for Nicotine Dependence (CFTND). Determinants of dependence were analyzed using multivariate analysis of variance (MANOVA).

Results …

Pledge Your Body For Your Bread: Welfare, Drug Testing, And The Inferior Fourth Amendment, Jordan C. Budd

Law Faculty Scholarship

Proposals to subject welfare recipients to periodic drug testing have emerged over the last three years as a significant legislative trend across the United States. Since 2007, over half of the states have considered bills requiring aid recipients to submit to invasive extraction procedures as an ongoing condition of public assistance. The vast majority of the legislation imposes testing without regard to suspected drug use, reflecting the implicit assumption that the poor are inherently predisposed to culpable conduct and thus may be subject to class-based intrusions that would be inarguably impermissible if inflicted on the less destitute. These proposals are …

Carlingford Business Survey, 2011, Kevin Griffin, Sheila Flanagan, Elizabeth Kennedy-Burke, Jane Fitzgerald, Maeve Morrissey

Reports / Surveys

No abstract provided.

"Declaraciones De Deseo Y Declaraciones De Realidad": State-Indigenous Relations And Intercultural-Bilingual Education In Peru And Guatemala, Emily Christie

Sociology Honors Projects

Ethnic diversity has historically created conflict in many nation-states throughout the globe. From the era of nation-state formation to the present, states have had various strategies for dealing with this diversity. These strategies can be divided into three distinct categories: assimilation, integration and pluralism. Because of the increasing strength and importance of the global indigenous peoples' movement, relations between states and indigenous peoples are transforming away from assimilationist models toward integration and symbolic support. Why would governments nominally or symbolically support programs to preserve and revive indigenous culture? To answer this question, I compare government support for intercultural-bilingual education programs …

Maximizing Student Integration Through Student Employment: A Study Of The First-Year College Student Work Experience, Amanda Duhon

Sociology Honors Projects

This study adds to the current research on student support systems and integration among first-year college students, using in-depth interviews to assess how student employment acts as a form of social support. Research identifies social support as a necessary component of college integration and retention rates. However, most research focuses on living, learning, and extracurricular spaces, failing to include student employment as a source of integration. This research addresses this deficiency, showing that students place high value on the social job aspects, that they have positive social interactions, and that their jobs contribute to their social and physical integration to …

Enrollment Data, Office Of Institutional Research And Effectiveness, Mississippi State University

Bulldog Basics

No abstract provided.

Supply Shock: The Case Of Argentina And Export Taxes, Jashaun Antoni Carter

Theses

Because of Argentina's drastic change in its domestic export tax rate, there was a shortage of soybean supply in the global market and global soybean prices were inflated. Simultaneous equations are used to develop supply and demand equations for the global soybean market. The variables used in the simultaneous equations to help explain global quantity supplied and demanded for soybeans are: the price of soybeans (Psoy), the price of corn (Pcorn), export taxes (Tax), the technology (Tech), a dummy variable (novice), and real gross domestic product (Rgdp). The outcome of the simultaneous equations estimates that there is an inverse relationship …

Obstructing Authenticity: The Church And Sexuality In Randall Kenan’S A Visitation Of Spirits And Jeanette Winterson’S Oranges Are Not The Only Fruit, Kyesha L. Jennings

Theses

The dominant beliefs of a society determine what it finds acceptable and socially constructed theories generally valorize only heterosexism. Thus, global society has viewed homosexuality as a repudiation of the norm—an aberration, a disease, or a “lifestyle”—all of which carry negative social connotations. While this particularly characterizes churches within the African American community, identical issues occur within other denominations of Christianity. This study will explore literary texts that display how the Christian church, more specifically the Baptist and Pentecostal denominations, obstruct homosexuals’ identity by implementing a limited, rigid morality that rejects all who do not fit within its code, a …

A Functional Approach To Enterprise-Based Service Design Integration, Sameer G. Tabbakh

Theses

As consumer demand in the service sector increases and matures, it is necessary for service design to become more agile and integrated. Accommodation of the numerous, multi-faceted details involved in designing and providing a service requires the expertise of individuals from several disciplines. Although they often operate independently, these individuals should interact closely in order to integrate the activities and maintain unity throughout the service design process. Information Technology (IT) provides a means through which to integrate the activities. This thesis describes and justifies an overall framework for information technology-integrated service design termed Integrated Enterprise-based Service Design Activities (IESDA). Building …

Entrepreneurial Passion: Sources And Sustenance, Melissa S. Cardon Phd, Michael Glauser

Wilson Center for Social Entrepreneurship

Entrepreneurial passion helps coordinate cognition and behavior of entrepreneurs, providing the fire that fuels innovation, persistence, and ultimate success. But where does entrepreneurial passion come from? Using a phenomenological approach, we conduct a qualitative study of 80 entrepreneurs and analyze their oral histories to explore the sources of entrepreneurial passion, as experienced by entrepreneurs. Our discovery process in the interviews suggests six major sources of entrepreneurial passion: passion for building/developing the venture, passion for people, passion for the product or service, passion for inventing, passion for competition, and passion for a social cause.

Factors That Impact Service Delivery To Individuals Living With Hiv/Aids In Rural Northeastern Texas, Wilma Cordova, H. Stephen Cooper, Freddie L. Avant

Faculty Publications

This study surveyed participants in focus groups to identify factors that affect individuals living with HIV/AIDS in rural northeastern Texas. The average age of the respondents was 45.44. Participants included a diverse group of American Europeans, Hispanics/Latinos, and African Americans. Although results are inconclusive, other studies have supported similar results regarding factors that impact treatment and services (Zuniga, Buchanan, & Chakravorty, 2005). Some of the factors include lack of financial resources for the consumer, stigma and discrimination, and lack of understanding on the part of the consumer and the community. More studies in rural areas serving people living with HIV/AIDS …

Rethinking Discrimination Law, Sandra F. Sperino

Faculty Articles and Other Publications

In the 1970s, federal courts began identifying categories of discrimination, such as disparate impact, disparate treatment and harassment. They then created elaborate, multi-part rubrics tied to each category. Modern employment discrimination law is defined by these frameworks. They serve as gatekeepers that control the substantive discrimination narratives juries hear and also structure the ways that judges and litigants think about discrimination.

Legal scholarship is replete with excellent articles challenging specific frameworks courts use to evaluate discrimination claims. This Article does not challenge any particular framework. Instead it challenges whether courts should even use frameworks to conceptualize discrimination in the first …

Gore's Science The Kairos Of An Inconvenient Truth And The Implications For Science Writing, Carolyn M. Glasshoff

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Modern Americans are exposed to scientific and technical information on a daily basis that urges them to react as well as learn about new ideas. The popular science writing that circulates this information must be portrayed in a way that makes it easy for lay people to understand complicated ideas while at the same time remaining complex enough to convince readers that the information is reliable, accurate, and worth learning. In making decisions about how to accomplish this balancing act, science writers make decisions that influence the audience's opinion about new scientific ideas, how easily the audience will accept or …

State Legislatures Diversity, Innovation, And Policy Adoption, Janna Souvorova

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

The question of policy origination is the very essence of state public policy analysis. This study provides an overview of the previous research on innovation, as defined by Rogers (1962, 2003) and Walker (1969), and determinants models of state policy formulation, as they relate to innovation and policy adoption on the state level. The literature review indicates that previous research mostly focused on the internal state characteristics such as political and socioeconomic variables to explain state differences in policy adoption. The literature also indicates a general lack of empirical research relating diversity to innovation and policy adoption. State governments have …

Using Narrative To Improve Reflection In Technical Communication, Carrie Brkich

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

This thesis explores why instructors should use narrative intentionally and effectively with reflection to better understand adult students' perceptions of experiential learning activities in technical communication. The frequent use of narrative in technical discourse reminds us that the tone of technical texts is often appropriately informal, personable, and reflective. A closer analysis of narratives provides instructors with valuable opportunities to learn more about the motivations for and barriers to learning for adult students and to better understand how these students situate themselves in larger social and cultural narratives. Narrative serves many purposes in technical communication. Not only does narrative add …

Harming Business Clients With Zealous Advocacy: Rethinking The Attorney Advisor's Touchstone, Paula Schaefer

Florida State University Law Review

No abstract provided.

The Coming Extinction Of Homo Economicus And The Eclipse Of The Chicago School Of Antitrust: Applying Evolutionary Biology To Structural And Behavioral Antitrust Analysis, Thomas J. Horton

Loyola University Chicago Law Journal

No abstract provided.

An 'Asia Model'? A Relationist View On Regionalism And China's Regional Identity, Shelle Shimizu

Political Science Honors Projects

In an increasingly interconnected global order, governments are experiencing growing pressures to engage in cooperative and integrative processes. Indeed, regionalism has become a primary objective for all regions. East Asia is no exception. Using the "European Union" as a model, scholars generally regard East Asian regionalism as a "failure." With an emphasis on 'process' over 'progress' East Asian regionalist institutions lack the institutional formality and accountability mechanisms valued by Western standards on regionalism. I do not dispute these claims about East Asian regionalism so much as to propose a different interpretation allowed by applying a different theoretical lens. I subscribe …

Five Secondary Teachers: Creating And Presenting A Teaching Persona, Janine S. Davis

Education Faculty Articles

This qualitative study investigates the ways that five secondary teachers developed and presented personae. The researcher collected and analyzed data using a theoretical frame based in social psychology, including Goffman’s Presentation of Self in Everyday Life (1959), and Miles and Huberman’s (1994) three-step approach to qualitative data analysis. Findings indicate that teachers drew on three major realms—the physical, psychological, and social—when constructing classroom personae. Implications include increased opportunities for teacher reflection on persona and its effects.

Artifacts Of Exchange: A Multiscalar Approach To Maritime Archaeology At Elmina, Ghana, Andrew T. Pietruszka

Anthropology - Dissertations

This dissertation focuses on the excavation and interpretation of two European ships discovered at Elmina Ghana, the coastal site of the first and largest European fort in sub-Saharan Africa. Discovered in 2003, the first vessel, located 1.5 miles offshore of the castle, is largely comprised of remnants of cargo exposed on the seafloor. European trade wares recovered from the site suggest a mid-seventeenth century vessel, most likely of Dutch origin. AMS radiocarbon dates obtained from several fragments of wood recovered in cores taken at the site support this assumption. The second vessel was discovered by accident during the 2007 dredging …

Intimate Allies: Identity, Community, And Everyday Activism Among Cisgender People With Trans-Identified Partners, Avery Brooks Tompkins

Sociology - Dissertations

This dissertation blends traditional ethnographic data from interviews and observations with digital ethnographic data from blogs and YouTube videos to present stories of identity, community, and activist-oriented experiences from white cisgender women who are partnered with trans-identified people on the FTM spectrum. The project addresses the following broad questions: How does being the cisgender partner of a trans person inform complexities around the ability to articulate sexual identity? How are cisgender partners finding community and organizing themselves into new forms of community when they often lack language with which to describe their relationships? In what ways are cisgender people allies …

Why Jack Balkin Is Disgusting, Andrew Koppelman

Faculty Working Papers

Yale Law Professor Jack Balkin didn't win friends when he announced that (1) he is now a constitutional originalist and (2) the original meaning of the Fourteenth Amendment protects the right to abortion. His claim to membership in the originalist club brought forth a small army of eager bouncers, who were sure that originalism couldn't possibly defend the paradigmatic departure from the Constitution's original meaning.

Balkin has indeed posed a radical challenge to the vision of law that drives the originalists – more radical than he is willing to admit. His theory is in such deep tension with a commonly …

The Limits Of Constructivism: Can Rawls Condemn Female Genital Mutilation?, Andrew Koppelman

Faculty Working Papers

The strategy for coping with value pluralism that Rawls has proposed is to permit political decisions, at least with respect to basic rights, to depend only on those goods that can be inferred from the bare requirements of respectful relations between persons. His account offers such a parsimonious conception of the good that it cannot cognize some atrocities. I focus on one extreme human rights case: the practice of female genital mutilation (FGM), which, it is well established, violates basic human rights. Doubtless Rawls was appalled by the practice. Yet his theory cannot generate a basis for condemning it. A …

The New American Civil Religion: Lesson For Italy, Andrew Koppelman

Faculty Working Papers

American civil religion has been changing, responding to increasing religious plurality by becoming more abstract. The problem of increasing plurality is not only an American one. It is also presented in Italy, where civic identity has been centered around a Catholicism that is no longer universal. Perhaps Italy has, in this respect, an American future.

Finding The Human In Society, Lien Centre For Social Innovation

Social Space

Prior to the Singaporean General Elections in May 2011, not many had heard of Vincent Wijeysingha, executive director of TWC2. By the time he’d stood, and lost, as an opposition candidate, his profile had been firmly catapulted into the news and blogosphere. Wijeysingha recently sat down with Social Space to talk about his concern for the plight of migrant workers, social justice and how Singapore needs to change.

2011 - 2012, Gardner-Webb University Academic Catalog, Gardner-Webb University

Undergraduate Academic Catalogs

2011 - 2012, Gardner-Webb University Academic Catalog. A. Frank Bonner, president.

Tort Law At The Founding, John C.P. Goldberg

Florida State University Law Review

No abstract provided.

Harming Business Clients With Zealous Advocacy: Rethinking The Attorney Advisor's Touchstone, Paula Schaefer

Scholarly Works

Joseph Collins was a successful business lawyer, with a sophisticated practice at Mayer Brown LLP. In January 2010, Collins was sentenced to seven years in prison for his role in a massive fraud that cost investors millions and sent his client Refco, Inc. into bankruptcy. At sentencing, the judge reportedly stated, “I think this is a case of excessive loyalty to his client.” Collins’ own testimony reflects a lawyer who believed he was zealously representing his client's interests. But in reality, Collins’ conduct was not “loyal” to his client. He contributed to his client’s destruction.

With the Collins example and …