Digital Commons Network^™

Detection And Genotyping Of Cryptosporidium Spp. In Diarrheic Stools By Pcr/Rflp Analyses, Selma Usluca, Ümi̇t Aksoy

Turkish Journal of Medical Sciences

To compare microscopy and polymerase chain reaction (PCR) as methods for diagnosing Cryptosporidium spp. and identifying the genotype of the parasite in diarrheic stool. Materials and methods: Stool samples from diarrheic patients admitted to Dokuz Eylül University Medical Faculty were collected on a specific day of the week. Stool samples sent to our laboratory from patients affected by a diarrhea epidemic in İzmir were also included in the study. A total of 162 stool samples were examined by microscopic and molecular methods, and the validity of the molecular method was investigated. Results: Using Kinyoun acid-fast dye, Cryptosporidium spp. was found …

Risk Factors For Smoking Behavior Among University Students, Sevgi̇ Yurt Öncel, Ömer Lütfi̇ Gebi̇zli̇oğlu, Fazi̇l Ali̇ev Ali̇oğlu

Turkish Journal of Medical Sciences

To identify factors associated with increased smoking risks among Kırıkkale University students using a questionnaire. Smoking is a widespread habit in Turkey and a major public health problem in the world. Materials and methods: We assessed 1734 (11.6% of 15,000 total) students (869 males and 866 females, both smokers and nonsmokers) at Kırıkkale University with the questionnaire, which included questions about age, gender, smoking status of student, smoking status and education levels of parents, income, daily sports activities, smoking history (age when started or quit smoking, daily average number of cigarettes smoked, attempts to quit smoking, the reasons for starting …

Evaluation Of The Effectiveness Of An Intervention Program On Preventing Childhood Obesity In Denizli, Turkey, Özgür Sevi̇nç, Ali̇ İhsan Bozkurt, Mehmet Gündoğdu, Ümmühan Baş Aslan, Bülent Ağbuğa, Şehmus Aslan, Emel Di̇kbaş, Zeli̇ha Gökçe

Turkish Journal of Medical Sciences

To determine the efficiency of 2 different intervention programs (healthy nutrition education and/or physical activity programs) for preventing the obesity of primary school students. Materials and methods: Selected were 6 schools, making 3 groups, from all primary schools in Denizli with the half-day education system. Each group was composed of 2 schools. The groups were randomly divided into intervention group 1, intervention group 2, and the control group. The body mass index (BMI) levels of the students in all of the groups were calculated. Both the physical activity and healthy nutrition programs were applied to intervention group 1, and only …

Cover And Contents

Turkish Journal of Medical Sciences

No abstract provided.

Evaluation Of The Tick Bites In A Crimean-Congo Haemorrhagic Fever (Cchf) Endemic Area In Turkey, Serpi̇l Erol, Ahmet Yeni̇solak, Göknur Yapar Toros, Ayşe Albayrak

Turkish Journal of Medical Sciences

After the first description of a CCHF outbreak in Turkey, tick bites became an increasing cause of visits to health-care facilities. In this study, we evaluated tick bites in a CCHF endemic region. Materials and methods: The study included cases of tick bites that were referred to 2 hospitals in Erzurum between June and October 2008. All cases were followed-up for 10 days for the results of CCHF. Results: During the study period, 161 patients were admitted for a tick bite. The majority (56.3%) were farmers and housewives. Children ≤ 13 years of age were bitten mostly on the head …

Management Of Community-Acquired Acute Bacterial Cystitis In Turkey, Ömer Coşkun, Hakan Erdem, Ali̇ Avci

Turkish Journal of Medical Sciences

Community acquired acute bacterial cystitis (CA-ABC) is one of the most common infectious presentations in the community. This paper aims to provide a rational approach in the management of CA-ABC based on local Turkish data. Materials and methods: The publications evaluating the microbiological data obtained from CA-ABC cases were searched in both Turkish and international databases. Results: Fosfomycin and nitrofurantain appear to be baseline antibiotics while the empirical use of trimethoprim sulfamethoxazole, amoxicillin clavulanate, and first and second generation cephalosporins seems to be unreliable in Turkey. Moreover, quinolones seem to be at the edge with resistance rates up to 20%. …

Cover And Contents

Turkish Journal of Medical Sciences

No abstract provided.

Effects Of Plasma Lipids And Smoking On Cognitive Function, Oğuz Teki̇n, Adem Özkara, Burcu Yanik, M. Ramazan Yi̇ği̇toğlu, Ati̇lla İlhan, Erkan Kibrisli, İrfan Şencan, Meti̇n Canbal

Turkish Journal of Medical Sciences

To research the relations between plasma lipids and smoking as they affect cognitive functions. Some studies have suggested a relationship between plasma cholesterol concentration, smoking, and the frequency of cognitive disturbances. Our hypothesis was that plasma lipids and smoking are related to cognitive impairment. Materials and methods: The plasma lipid profiles and cognitive functions of the subjects were measured and the relations among plasma lipid levels, smoking, and cognitive functions were observed. The study was performed on subjects with no history of chronic disease. Mental status was evaluated by the mini-mental state examination (MMSE) in patients over 40 years of …

The Cytomorphological Analysis Of Buccal Mucosa Cells In Smokers, Mustafa Göregen, Hayati̇ Murat Akgül, Cemal Gündoğdu

Turkish Journal of Medical Sciences

To examine the effect of smoking on normal buccal mucosa cytomorphologically. Materials and methods: Forty individuals aged between 40 and 60, comprising 23 smokers (14 male, 9 female) and 17 and non-smokers (10 male, 7 female), were included in the study. The buccal epithelial cells of these individuals were collected with a brush and the cells were measured cytomorphometrically using software. Results: The average nuclear area (NA), nuclear perimeter (NP), minimal nuclear diameter (D-min), and maximal nuclear diameter (D-max) were 46.00 ± 11.31, 28.18 ± 2.43, 6.18 ± 0.88, and 10.00 ± 0.94, respectively, in the control group, and 53.61 …

Immunomodulatory Role Of Leptin Treatment In Experimental Sepsis Caused By Gram Negative Bacteria, Cemi̇le Koca, Havva Şahi̇n Kavakli, Özlem Alici

Turkish Journal of Medical Sciences

To investigate the effect of leptin treatment on circulating inflammatory cytokines and on tissue damage in experimental rat model of gram-negative sepsis. Materials and methods: Adult male Wistar rats, 28 in total, were randomly divided into 4 groups (n = 7): sham, leptin, sepsis, and sepsis group treated with leptin (sepsis+leptin). Sepsis was induced by intraperitoneal (ip) injection of 2 × 10^{10} CFU of Escherichia coli ATCC 25922. Leptin and sepsis+leptin groups received a single dose ip 0.1 mg/kg leptin, while sham group received 1 mL of ip saline. Rats were sacrificed 24 h after the induction of sepsis. Blood …

Evaluation Of Health-Related Quality Of Life Of Women Living In A City Center In The East Of Turkey, Nüket Paksoy Erbaydar, Nazmi̇ Bi̇li̇r, Lütfi̇ye Hi̇lal Özcebe, Songül Vai̇zoğlu, Di̇lek Aslan

Turkish Journal of Medical Sciences

To evaluate the health-related quality of life of women living in Van city center by SF-36 and its association with the women's characteristics. Materials and methods: The women (n = 1527) answered a questionnaire through a face-to-face interview, and some measurements were made. The variations of physical component score (PCS) and mental component score (MCS) of SF-36 were investigated by non-parametric tests, and by linear regression analysis. Results: The percentage of early marriages among married women was 55.6. Number of pregnancies per married woman was 4.5 ± 2.8, the lowest mean in vitality (44.0 ± 20.6) and the highest mean …

Cover And Contents

Turkish Journal of Medical Sciences

No abstract provided.

The Causes Of Deaths In An Industry-Dense Area: Example Of Dilovası (Kocaeli)*, Onur Hamzaoğlu, Ni̇lay Eti̇ler, Cavi̇t Işik Yavuz, Çi̇ğdem Çağlayan

Turkish Journal of Medical Sciences

Chemical pollutants caused by the industry have changed both mortality rates and morbidity patterns causing new illnesses over the last few decades. This study aimed to determine the causes and characteristics of deaths related to cancer in 2004 in Dilovası, Kocaeli, which was mainly used as a production, storage, and transfer area for a variety of industries, such as chemical, metal and metal products, energy, and machinery. Materials and methods: In this cross-sectional study, death records of 8 different registry/record screenings belonging to 4 public institutions in Dilovası in 2004 were investigated. The study population included deaths in 2004 and …

A Comparison Of Two Different Fluorochrome Stains For The Detection Of Acid-Fast Bacilli In Sputum Specimens*, Vi̇ldan Avkan Oğuz, Nurbanu Sezak, Aygün Öztop, Nur Yapar, Süheyla Sürücüoğlu, Ayşe Yüce

Turkish Journal of Medical Sciences

The early diagnosis of active tuberculosis still depends on the presence of acid-fast bacilli (AFB) in stained sputum smears. In this study, our aim was to investigate the efficiency and cost-effectiveness of two different fluorochrome stains. Materials and methods: A total of 1013 sputum specimens were collected from 642 patients. Three smears and cultures were prepared from each specimen. Double-blind and prospective laboratory procedures were performed. Slides were stained with a commercial auramine/acridine orange kit (Stain 1), an in-house preparation of auramine- rhodamine/KMnO4 (Stain 2) and a Ziehl-Neelsen stain (EZN). Results: Of the 1013 specimens, 101 were culture positive. Among …

Cover And Contents

Turkish Journal of Medical Sciences

No abstract provided.

Development And Validation Of The Turkish Version Of The Mnread Visual Acuity Charts, Şefay Aysun İdi̇l, Deni̇z Çalişkan, Namik Bariş İdi̇l

Turkish Journal of Medical Sciences

To design and validate a Turkish version of the MNREAD acuity charts. Materials and methods: A vocabulary was created using high-frequency words that appear in Turkish schoolbooks used by 8-year-old children in the third grade. In total, 125 sentences were generated. The sentences were read by 2 groups (20 adults and 20 primary school students), and reading time and verbal mistakes were recorded. Thereafter, persistent verbal mistakes and sentences with extreme high and low mean reading speeds were excluded. Finally, the validity of the participants' reading speed as measured with the MNREAD Turkish version was determined by comparing it to …

Retrospective Evaluation Of Laboratory-Confirmed And Recovered Cases Of Influenza A(H1n1)V, Funda Sevencan, Mehmet Meli̇kşah Ertem, Neval Özçullu, Vedat Dorman, Abdulvahi̇t Ormanli, Namik Kemal Kubat, Nurhan Albayrak, Ayşe Başak Altaş

Turkish Journal of Medical Sciences

To retrospectively evaluate patients that were diagnosed with H1N1 and recovered from the disease in the initial period of an influenza A(H1N1)v epidemic in the province of Diyarbakir. It is estimated that 34-67 million individuals around the world have been infected by influenza A(H1N1)v, that 154,000-303,000 individuals have been hospitalized, and that 7000-13,000 individuals have lost their lives. Materials and methods: We were able to include 250 of 362 cases (69.0%) of confirmed influenza A(H1N1)v, from which the patients recovered, from the samples received between 19 October and 3 December 2009 after a pandemic alarm was given in the province …

The Prevalence Of Diabetic Retinopathy In Faisalabad, Pakistan: A Population-Based Study, Fatma Hussain, Mohammad Arif, Munir Ahmad

Turkish Journal of Medical Sciences

To determine the plasma prevalence and characteristics of diabetic retinopathy (DR) among Pakistani diabetic patients in the Faisalabad region. Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a major cause of avoidable blindness worldwide. People with DR are 25 times more likely to become blind than nondiabetics. Materials and methods: The incidence of retinopathy was determined in 1524 people with diabetes during April 2008 and January 2009. Physician-diagnosed diabetic patients underwent an eye examination by ophthalmoscopy and fundus photography. Participants were also interviewed and examined in order to determine demographic characteristics and medical history. Results: Of the 1524 patients screened, 183 (12%) had DR. …

The Effects Of Local Anaesthesia With Bupivacaine And Botulinum Toxin-A After Thoracotomy On Stress Hormone Levels, Makbule Ergi̇n, Ali̇ Yegi̇nsu, İsmai̇l Kürşat Gürlek

Turkish Journal of Medical Sciences

To investigate the effects of local and systemic analgesics on stress hormone levels, which increase after thoracotomy. Materials and methods: Sixty-three male rats were divided into 9 groups (n = 7). In the control animals, only a blood sample was taken. In the thoracotomy group, a retractor was inserted for 1 h. In the local anaesthesia group, intercostal nerve block was performed with bupivacaine or botulinum toxin-A. In the systemic analgesia group, blockade was performed with bupivacaine and diclofenac sodium was given intraperitoneally. Blood samples were taken twice 4 h and 24 h after thoracotomy. Results: At 4 h, stress …

The Need For Antibiotic Prophylaxis Before Urodynamic Studies, Adnan Şi̇mşi̇r, Rashad Mammadov, Fuat Kizilay, Mehmet Ceyhun Özyurt

Turkish Journal of Medical Sciences

The use of antibiotic prophylaxis before urodynamic studies (US) is not recommended routinely. We investigated the factors that would enable us to predict bacteriuria that is likely to develop after US, and that make us consider the need for prophylaxis. Materials and methods: One hundred and four patients who would undergo US with a suspicion of lower urinary tract dysfunction were enrolled in the present study and followed up prospectively. The relationship between bacteriuria and several parameters, such as gender, age, body mass index, glomerular filtration rates, systemic diseases, urinary flow rates, residual urine volume, the type of process performed, …

An Evaluation Of The Undergraduate Occupational Health Internship Program At Kocaeli University's Faculty Of Medicine, Cavi̇t Işik Yavuz, Onur Hamzaoğlu, Çi̇ğdem Çağlayan, Ni̇lay Eti̇ler

Turkish Journal of Medical Sciences

To evaluate the industrial occupational health internship program being used in Kocaeli University's Faculty of Medicine and determine its effect on student success. Materials and methods: This quasi-experimental program evaluation, which uses a pre- and post-test design in order to assess the success of our workplace-based program, hopes to test the standards of achievement by senior students. These students have all been trained in the Public Health Department for 2 months during their last year in the Faculty of Medicine and spent 1 week of this period in the health units of various industrial workplaces operating in the area. All …

Navigating The Space Of My Body, Ferwa Ibrahim

Theses and Dissertations

This paper explores my process of orienting myself within spaces and inhabiting them. It focuses on how I use my own body as an instrument for developing a relationship between the two. A ritual is a social conditioning of the body and Authentic Movement is discovering body’s own route. This paper reviews my process of situating myself within a space by using both of them as the language of my body. It also discusses the development of some of my recent work through understanding the language of my own body.

Beneficial And Technological Analysis For The Recycling Of Solar Grade Silicon Wastes, Anping Dong, Lifeng Zhang, Lucas N.W. Damoah

Materials Science and Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works

In the current paper, different kinds of silicon wastes during the production of SoG-Si were summarized and the beneficial analyses, such as financial value, energy value, CO₂ emissions, and efficiency and energy payback time, were briefly discussed for the recycling of SoG-Si wastes. Possible technologies to recycle and purify SoG-Si wastes were reviewed: such as filtration, sedimentation, solidification control, electromagnetic separation, plasma oxidation, centrifugation, and high temperature remelting process, et al. © 2011 TMS.

Namaste: Pedagogical Methods For Designing Yoga & Art Experiences For/With Teen Participants, Tiffani Olivia Bryant

English Theses & Dissertations

Within this study, teens are asked to analyze yoga studio homepages in relation to their experiences with the practice of yoga. This dissertation research engages the teen girls as participants responsible for co-designing the learning constructs through which they make meaning out of their experiences. This research is rooted in informational design, experiential design, and design practices for a teen demographic through the artifact of yoga.

Participant observation is used to examine how eight teen girls understand yoga as a practice, internalize their experiences with yoga, and thusly communicate what they have learned about yoga and a sampling of digital …

African American Males Diagnosed With Schizophrenia: A Phenomenological Study, Lorraine Anderson

Theses and Dissertations

Abstract Little is known about how African American men with schizophrenia experience their every day existence. Through applying interpretive phenomenology and using a methodological structure designed by van Manen (1990, 1997), this research aimed to enrich the understanding of living with schizophrenia for these African American males. In this study, five men ranging in age from 21 to 57 described their lives within the context of existing with the diagnosis of schizophrenia. The lived experiences across the interviews revealed four overarching themes: They know that they are mentally ill; they make a special effort to test reality; they assert their …

What Happened In Iowa?, David Pozen

Faculty Scholarship

Reply to Nicole Mansker & Neal Devins, Do Judicial Elections Facilitate Popular Constitutionalism; Can They?, 111 Colum. L. Rev. Sidebar 27 (2011).

November 2, 2010 is the latest milestone in the evolution of state judicial elections from sleepy, sterile affairs into meaningful political contests. Following an aggressive ouster campaign, voters in Iowa removed three supreme court justices, including the chief justice, who had joined an opinion finding a right to same-sex marriage under the state constitution. Supporters of the campaign rallied around the mantra, “It’s we the people, not we the courts.” Voter turnout surged to unprecedented levels; the national …

Phylogeographic Structure Of Teretrius Nigrescens (Coleoptera: Histeridae) Predator Of The Invasive Post Harvest Pest Prostephanus Truncatus (Coleoptera: Bostrichidae)., B. A. Omondi, J. Van Den Berg, D. Masiga, F. Schulthess

All Peer-Reviewed Publications

The invasive larger grain borer Prostephanus truncatus (Horn) is the most important pest of farm-stored maize in Africa. It was introduced into the continent from Mesoamerica in the late 1970s and by 2008 had spread to at least 18 countries. Classical biological control using two populations of the predator Teretrius nigrescens Lewis achieved long-term and cost effective control in warm-humid areas, but not in cool and hot-dry zones. The present study investigated the phylogenetic relationships between geographical populations of the predator. Ten populations of T. nigrescens were studied using randomly amplified polymorphic DNA polymerase chain reaction (RAPD-PCR), sequence analysis of …

Riparian Ecosystems Of North Dakota, Miranda A. Meehan, Kevin K. Sedivec, Edward S. Dekeyser

R Series – Range

No abstract provided.

Ritual Effigies And Corporeality In Kaqchikel Maya Soul Healing, Servando Z. Hinojosa

Anthropology Faculty Publications

To treat some cases of soul-loss, Kaqchikel Mayas use ritual effigies of the sufferer. These effigies, called k’al k’u’x, are made by wrapping the sufferer’s clothing around a wooden armature. For the effigy to be a viable ritual surrogate, the ritualist must douse it with water, heat it, and strike it during a soul-calling ceremony. This handling instantiates corporeality in the effigy by kindling normative body states in it, states that must be stimulated in the sufferer’s own body for it to spiritually reintegrate. Such Maya ritual substitution practices are how Kaqchikels deploy ritual surrogation processes that hinge on …

The Tyrant And The Rogue: Political Implications Of Redemption In William Shakespeare's The Winter's Tale, Jonathan Barrett Koch

Honors Theses

Starting with the negative behavior exhibited by Leontes and Autolycus, this paper traces the process of redemption through the experiences of both characters, considering material both from the play and the Stratford production. The political and civic effects of Leontes‘ tyranny will be contrasted with Autolycus‘ roguery, followed by a comparison of the various agents of redemption. These characters and the offers of redemption they make have a profound effect on their respective redemptions, but only so far as Leontes and Autolycus receive them. The paper closes with a discussion of the results of the redemptions, and the interrelated meaning …