Digital Commons Network^™

External Urethral Sphincter Activity During Micturition In The Adult Female Rat Before And After Spinal Cord Injury, Stephen D'Amico

Stony Brook Theses and Dissertations Collection, 2006-2020 (closed to submissions)

The process of micturition is fundamental to life and one of the major ways by which organisms excrete toxic byproducts of metabolism. To function efficiently, micturition requires reciprocal bladder contraction and urethral relaxation that is coordinated by the brainstem. Spinal cord injury (SCI) above the level of the lumbosacral spinal cord results in dysfunction of the lower urinary tract (LUT). One of the most common forms of LUT derangement is detrusor-sphincter dyssynergia (DSD), which is characterized by simultaneous contraction of the bladder and the external urethral sphincter (EUS) muscle due to the impairment of reflex and voluntary sphincter control. SCI …

Integrated Biobehavioral Analysis Of Sex Differences In A Rat Model Of Schizophrenia, Igor Feinstein

Stony Brook Theses and Dissertations Collection, 2006-2020 (closed to submissions)

Schizophrenia is a mental illness affecting roughly 1% of the population that is characterized by both positive/affective and negative/cognitive symptoms and is associated with abnormalities in multiple neurotransmitter systems and brain areas. Recently, reduced function of the N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor (NMDAR) has emerged as an etiologic hypothesis with explanatory power for this spectrum of disturbances. However, it is unknown how NMDAR hypofunction relates to the striking sex differences that are also seen in the incidence and severity of schizophrenia's positive (female > male) vs. negative (male > female) signs, in its associated neurochemical imbalances and in the efficacies of drugs commonly used to …

When Sorrows Come: Death In The Contemporary American Drama, Becky Leigh Goldberg

Stony Brook Theses and Dissertations Collection, 2006-2020 (closed to submissions)

This paper is a study of Contemporary American Family Drama of the past ten years. In looking at Proof by David Auburn, Rabbit Hole by David Lindsay-Abaire, August: Osage County by Tracy Letts, and Next to Normal by Brian Yorkey (music by Tom Kitt), and holding them in reference to Eugene O'Neill's Long Day's Journey Into Night, this paper explores the death that occurs before the action in each play, and how the women of the plays cope with the loss. This paper argues that the contemporary women, unlike their literary ancestor Mary Tyrone, have the means to handle their …

Verification Of Security Policy Administration And Enforcement In Enterprise Systems, Puneet Gupta

Stony Brook Theses and Dissertations Collection, 2006-2020 (closed to submissions)

The scale and complexity of security policies in enterprise systems makes it difficult to ensure that they achieve higher-level security goals. This dissertation explores two important ways in which policy analysis can help: reachability analysis for administrative policies, and analysis of policy enforcement in enterprise systems. An administrative policy specifies how each user in an enterprise may change the policy. Fully understanding the consequences of an administrative policy can be difficult, because sequences of changes by different users may interact in unexpected ways. Administrative policy analysis helps by answering questions such as user-permission reachability, which asks whether specified users can …

Breast Cancer Survivors' Perception Of Yoga Practice For Different Spans Of Time, Karyn Kirschbaum

Stony Brook Theses and Dissertations Collection, 2006-2020 (closed to submissions)

This qualitative study uses an exploratory research design that incorporates both grounded theory and phenomenological approaches in order to gain insight into the meaning of yoga in relation to coping with breast cancer. The study focuses on the individual, lived experience and relies on in-depth interview strategies to capture the subjects' sensations and perceptions of the practice and utility of yoga over the duration of time. By interviewing women who practice yoga for different spans of time, several aspects are explored: if the length of time affects any observed changes; if transitional stages in yoga progression can be identified, and …

Outcomes In St Elevation Myocardial Infarction; A Comparison Of A Tertiary Care Center In Pakistan With European Centers, Sadia Arshad, Sajid Dhakam, Safia Awan

Section of Cardiology

OBJECTIVES: To evaluate the clinical characteristics and in hospital outcome data of patients presenting to the Aga Khan University Hospital with ST elevation Myocardial Infarction (STEMI) and its comparison with data from patients enrolled in the European Heart registry for the same duration.METHODS: Data on 296 patients with STEMI was prospectively collected from 1st January 2010, till 31st December 2010 from the cardiology section at the Aga Khan University Hospital. European data was collected on 7485 patients retrieved from the Eurobservational Research programme Acute Coronary Syndrome Registry 2010 for the same duration.RESULTS: A total of 296 patients were enrolled from …

Dural Sinus Thrombosis A Local Experience At Shifa International Hospital, Islamabad, Pakistan, Maimoona Siddiqui, Nadia Mehboob, Ismail A. Khatri

Pakistan Journal of Neurological Sciences (PJNS)

No abstract provided.

Contact Lens-Related Visual Loss: A Case Series From Karachi, Tanveer Anjum Chaudhry, Sarah Sarfraz, Qazi Assad Khan, Khabir Ahmad

Section of Ophthalmology

All cases of corneal ulcers, presenting at the Aga Khan University Hospital, Karachi between January 2006 and December 2010 were reviewed. Information was obtained regarding socio-demography, the cause of ulcer, prior treatment and visual acuity. Afterwards, contact-lens specific information such as the type of lens and purpose and duration of lens usage was obtained from the participants by phone interviews.
There were 59 persons with unilateral ulcers and 4 had bilateral presentation. The mean age of the study participants was 27.79 +/- 14.51 years while the median age as 24 years. Of these, 87 %had a visual acuity less than …

Cancer Center To Showcase Progress & Promise, Staff

Browse All News

No abstract provided.

Constructive Developmental Theory: An Alternative Approach To Leadership, Anne Marie B. Hunter, Nancy M. Lewis, Paula K. Ritter-Gooder

Department of Nutrition and Health Sciences: Faculty Publications

As early as 1954, the critical value of leadership in dietetics was described by Rourke, who wrote, “When the day comes that your executive abilities equal your scientific knowledge, your profession (dietetics) will be secure. Until that day, you will be faced with a constant and unwelcome challenge” (1). Career and leadership skills development have been identified as an area for further attention by American Dietetic Association (ADA) practitioners and student members (2). Creation of the ADA Leadership Institute in 2003 represented an awareness of the need to invest in developing dietetic leaders (3). Proficient leaders are critical in keeping …

Older Immigrants In The United States: The New Old Face Of Immigration, Jing Tan

Bridgewater Review

No abstract provided.

Medical Malpractice And Compensation In The Uk, Richard Goldberg

Chicago-Kent Law Review

In the first part of this paper, Dr. Goldberg examines the context in which medical malpractice liability is operating in the UK. The fact that the state-run National Health Service (NHS) is the major healthcare provider in the UK has several implications, since funding for medical malpractice compensation in the NHS comes from the taxpayer. The most recent empirical evidence on the incidence and funding of claims in England and Scotland is assessed, to show a trend of expenditure on clinical negligence increasing, particularly in England. This is followed by an examination of the statutory framework for the empowerment of …

Medical Malpractice And Compensation In Global Perspective: How Does The U.S. Do It?, David A. Hyman, Charles Silver

Chicago-Kent Law Review

This article describes the problem of health care error in the United States of America and the various regulatory, liability, and compensation systems that deal with medical mistakes. In terms of frequency, direct costs, and aggregate social costs, the problem of medical errors is staggering. Millions of patients are killed or injured every year. A large percentage of adverse events could be avoided by the use of reasonable care. Regulators have not dealt with these problems effectively. Regulators specifically appointed to police the medical profession are often lax, whether because of capture, or from a sense of "there but for …

Worthy Of Their Name? Addressing Aquatic Nuisance Species With Common Law Public Nuisance Claims, Christopher Grubb

Chicago-Kent Law Review

Aquatic invasive species like the Asian carp and zebra mussel have caused grave ecological and economic harm across the United States, and frequently harm rights common to the public such as boating, fishing, and bathing. Yet, Congress' efforts to address the problem through legislation have been piecemeal and unsuccessful. Historically, the common law of public nuisance served as an important tool to remedy transboundary pollution. More recently, courts have established that such public nuisance claims will be displaced where Congress has comprehensively regulated in a field. This Note explores whether public nuisance claims involving aquatic invasive species should be displaced …

A Century Of Chemistry Instruction At The College In Arlington: 1895-1995 (A Memoir And Scrapbook), Thomas James Cogdell

Chemistry & Biochemistry Faculty Publications - Archive

No abstract provided.

Assessing Two Spirometric Criteria Of Pre-Bronchodilator And Post-Bronchodilator Fev1/Fvc Ratio In Detecting Air Flow Obstruction, Zeeshan Waheed, Muhammad Irfan, Ahmed Suleman Haque, Najmul Hasan Siddiqui, Safia Awan, Beenish Syed, Javaid Khan

Section of Pulmonary & Critical Care

OBJECTIVES: To assess the Pre-bronchodilator criteria and the Post-bronchodilator criteria of FEV1/FVC ratio in diagnosing Airflow obstruction.

METHODS: An observational study was conducted from 1988 to 2006 at the Aga Khan University Hospital Patients referred to the pulmonary function test laboratory for spirometry with bronchodilator reversibility at the hospital during the above said period were enrolled. Forced spirometry was performed according to ATS guidelines. All patients who had pre-bronchodilator criteria of airflow obstruction were analyzed and compared with the post bronchodilator criteria.

RESULTS: A total of 4222 individuals underwent spirometry out of which 4072 individuals were studied. Using the pre …

Full Issue, The Mcnair Team

McNair Scholars Research Journal

No abstract provided.

Graduate Scholar Profiles, The Mcnair Team

McNair Scholars Research Journal

No abstract provided.

Diachronic Disunity: Individual Differences And Possible Consequences, Daisy Garza

McNair Scholars Research Journal

No abstract provided.

The Observer, Central Washington University

Student Newspaper

Student newspaper for Central Washington University for December 1, 2011-January 11, 2012. Vol. 89, No. 9.

The Induction Of Positive Affect In A Community Setting Using Electronic Communications., Philip Andrew Smeltzer

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Objective: To evaluate the influence of positive affect inductions on daily and weekly Positive and Negative Affect Scales (PANAS) in a community setting. Methods: Humor messages were distributed to participants four times per day during a treatment week with general health messages distributed in the crossover week. Subjects completed a series of self-report psychosocial and behavioral survey instruments on a weekly basis and daily PANAS responses. Messages were delivered through either email or SMS/text messages. Results: The daily and weekly PANAS scores were higher during treatment periods compared to the neutral periods. The observed trends were suggestive of successful positive …

An Exploration Of Factors Affecting Participation In U.S. Health Information Exchange Networks : A Dual Network Participation Theory Based Case Study., Judah Thornewill 1961-

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Background: Failure to achieve their goals of over 200 U.S. Health Information Exchange Networks (HIENs) which formed or operated in the U.S. from 2004 to 2010, lost time, capital and opportunity at individual, organizational and societal levels, and a lack of theory driven research on HIENs underscores a need for research to better understand factors affecting development of these kinds of large, complex collaborations. Purpose: A new dual network participation theory is developed by combining three source theories. The new theory supports integrated consideration of organizational and technological factors which affect participation by individuals and their affiliated organizations in complex …

Determining The Most Effective Way In Which To Manage Congestive Heart Failure Patients., Beatrice Ugiliweneza

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Background: CHF is a chronic disease that affects nearly five million people each year; in which at least 500,000 are newly diagnosed cases. Patients diagnosed with this disease will be under a physician's care for the remainder of their life. It is of great importance that the strategy, used to manage these patients, maximizes their health outcomes in a cost effective manner. Objective: The objective of the current analysis is to compare the health outcomes with the available CHF management methods: the 'Case Management' (CM), the 'Self Management' (SM) and the current 'Standard of Care' (SC). Also, this study aims …

Theoretical And Experimental Studies On Manipulation Of Fluorescence By Gold Nanoparticle : Application For Molecular Imaging., Jianting Wang 1983-

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Gold nanoparticles (GNPs) have shown beneficial properties for biomedical use, e.g., their non-toxic nature and surface properties for easy modification. Upon receiving light, they generate a strong surface plasmon field, which can alter the fluorescence of fluorophores. The level and type of the fluorescence alteration depend on the GNP size and shape, excitation (Ex)/emission (Em) wavelengths and quantum yield of the fluorophore, as well as the distance between the fluorophore and GNP. In this dissertation, the effect of the properties listed above on the fluorescence output was theoretically analyzed for the fluorophores frequently used in biomedical studies. For fluorescence quenching, …

Incidence Of Soft Tissue Calcifications Of The Head And Neck Region On Maxillofacial Cone Beam Computed Tomography., Adam B. Wells 1977-

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

The aim of the study was to determine the incidence and imaging characteristics of soft tissue calcifications on cone beam computed tomography (CBCT). 556 CBCT image datasets were reviewed and 308 included. The following conditions were recorded: 1) Carotid artery calcifications (CAC), 2) Triticeous cartilage (TC), 3) Superior cornu of the thyroid cartilage (SCT), 4) Tonsilloliths (T) and, 5) Other including lymph nodes (0). The age and sex of patients who were excluded served as controls. 107 (34.75%) demonstrated at least one calcification. Those with calcifications were approximately 12 years older than controls (t value = 6.32, p < 0.001). The incidence of calcifications in decreasing order are TC (11.4%), CAC (10.4%), T (10.4%) and, SCT (5.2%). Differential location and appearance of calcifications were described. Soft tissue calcifications were a common finding with TC, CAC and T presenting in almost equal frequency. Calcifications exhibit unique characteristics on CBCT images.

Health Disparities And Depression In Rural And Urban Older Adults., Jennifer Ann Zimmerman

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Depression is one of the most prevalent psychiatric conditions experienced by older adults and represents a major public health concern. Rural/urban residence may affect the prevalence of depression as rural older adults differ from their urban counterparts in many respects. One important difference found in the literature is that rural OAs are often faced with more health disparities (HDs) compared to their urban counterparts. The current study investigated the association between HDs and depression in a sample of rural and urban OAs, and examined whether HDs contribute to our understanding of how rurality impacts the prevalence and severity of depression. …

The Effects Of Stereotype Disconfirming Information And Self-Disclosure On Stereotype Endorsement, Prejudice, And Social Tolerance Of Schizophrenia And Major Depressive Disorder., Nicole Leigh Meyer 1983-

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

The current study examined how Disclosure, Stereotype Disconfirming Information, and Stereotype Disconfirming Information and Disclosure Combined) influences an individual's stigma (stereotype endorsement, emotional reactions, and discrimination) against individuals with Schizophrenia and Depression. The results of this experiment suggest that both Stereotype Disconfirming Information and Disclosure are successful in reducing stereotypes, emotional reactions, and social distance in the context of an interpersonal encounter. Self-disclosure, however, is stronger in increasing Pity and decreasing the desire for Social Distance than Stereotype Disconfirming Information. The combination of Stereotype Disconfirming Information and Disclosure provided the strongest stigma reduction, suggesting that Disclosure can benefit from the …

Acquisition Of Mathematical Vocabulary Using Constant Time Delay With Individuals With Moderate And Severe Disabilities., Connie Elaine Morrison 1974-

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Constant Time Delay (CST) has been used extensively as a procedure to teach children with disabilities a variety of skills. There is a preponderance of evidence that this instructional strategy is a highly effective (Handen & Zane, 1987; Koscinski & Gast, 1993; & Schuster, Stevens, & Doak, 1990). However, there appears to be a lack of research regarding the use of CTD with children with moderate and/or severe disabilities in learning core content vocabulary. Therefore, the primary purpose of this study was to determine if students with moderate and severe disabilities could acquire core mathematical vocabulary content through the use …

A Survey Study Comparing Adult Orthodontic Patient Quality Of Life Between Invisalign And Fixed Appliances., Keith Christopher Nicholson

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

We aimed to examine differences in treatment impacts and quality of life between adult orthodontic patients with Invisalign and fixed appliances. Adults represent a burgeoning branch of orthodontics yet many prospective patients have been reluctant to pursue orthodontics due to concerns with treatment. It was hypothesized that removable aligners would be better tolerated by adult patients. Sixty-three adult patients (forty Invisalign, twenty-three fixed appliances) were recruited from private practice. The treatment groups were largely comparable although the braces group reported more frequent unplanned appointments and use of auxiliaries. The Invisalign group experienced less negative impacts and these differences were generally …

Effects Of Environmental Pollution On Endothelial Progenitor Cells And Vascular Regeneration., Laura A. Wheat Nissley 1983-

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Acrolein is a common pollutant present in ambient air, automobile exhaust, and tobacco smoke. Previous studies show that exposure to acrolein increases cardiovascular disease risk. To determine whether acrolein affect cardiovascular regeneration, we investigated the cardiovascular effects of inhaled acrolein. Adult male C57BL/6 mice were exposed to room air or acrolein (O.5, 1 or 5 ppm) for and the endothelial progenitor cells (EPC) level in peripheral blood (PB) was measured by flow cytometry. To examine the proliferative capacity of EPCs, bone marrow cells (BMCs) were cultured on fibronectin-coated slides. Brief exposure to acrolein (5 ppm, 6h) or 4 day (1 …