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The Beasts In The Jungle: Animal Welfare In International Law, Catherine Sykes

LLM Theses

Animal welfare has emerged as a pervasive concern in modern international law. The purpose of this study is to situate the international legal principle protecting the welfare of animals within the broader framework of international law. The study uses a constructivist model to develop a theory of the place of animal welfare in the international legal regime that has due regard for cultural differences and the diversity of international society. The historical antecedents for an obligation to protect animal welfare in various global cultures are considered. The argument posits an internationally recognized principle of humane treatment of animals based on …

Helping Ideas Have Consequences: Political And Intellectual Investment In The Unitary Executive Theory, 1981-2000, Amanda Hollis-Brusky

Denver Law Review

No abstract provided.

Female Genital Mutilation Practices In Kenya: The Role Of Alternative Rites Of Passage. A Case Study Of Kisii And Kuria Districts, Habil Oloo, Monica Wanjiru, Katy Newell-Jones

Reproductive Health

This research was undertaken by the Population Council to better understand female genital mutilation (FGM) as currently practiced by the Kuria and Kisii communities in Kenya. The study investigated current attitudes and practices in relation to FGM, awareness and attitudes toward the alternative rite of passage (ARP), and factors which encourage individuals to make decisions to abandon FGM. The findings show that FGM is still a celebrated public event among the Kuria, whereas in Kisii, it is a private family affair. The study suggests that the success of ARP as an approach to abandoning FGM is strongly dependent on the …

Direct Cloning Of Double-Stranded Rnas From Rnase Protection Analysis Reveals Processing Patterns Of C/D Box Snornas And Provides Evidence For Widespread Antisense Transcript Expression, Manli Shen, Eduardo Eyras, Jie Wu, Amit Khanna, Serene Josiah, Mathieu Rederstorff, Michael Q. Zhang, Stefan Stamm

Molecular and Cellular Biochemistry Faculty Publications

We describe a new method that allows cloning of double-stranded RNAs (dsRNAs) that are generated in RNase protection experiments. We demonstrate that the mouse C/D box snoRNA MBII-85 (SNORD116) is processed into at least five shorter RNAs using processing sites near known functional elements of C/D box snoRNAs. Surprisingly, the majority of cloned RNAs from RNase protection experiments were derived from endogenous cellular RNA, indicating widespread antisense expression. The cloned dsRNAs could be mapped to genome areas that show RNA expression on both DNA strands and partially overlapped with experimentally determined argonaute-binding sites. The data suggest a conserved processing pattern …

Natural Resource Abundance And Fdi In Latin America. The Path Of Inequality., Luciano H. Romero Mascarell

Undergraduate Economic Review

Does natural resource abundance decrease Latin American Foreign Direct Investment? This paper studies the effects of natural resource abundance on foreign direct investment (FDI), by focusing on inequality as the channel that links these two variables. Two arguments in the literature inspire this paper: 1) scholars attribute Latin America’s high income inequality to its abundance of natural resources; and 2) some scholars argue that income inequality leads to lower investment. I argue that large shares of capital-intensive endowments (export measured as percentage share of GDP) are associated with low levels of secondary and tertiary FDI. The theory is based on …

Geneva International Centre For Humanitarian Demining 2010 Annual Report, Gichd

Global CWD Repository

Annual report on the work of the GICHD for 2010.

A Curriculum For Peace And Conflict Management: Teachers' Guide, Eloise Hockett

Faculty Publications - College of Education

This peace curriculum is currently being used by several Quaker secondary schools in Kenya. It promotes peace and effective conflict management. This guide was made in part through collaboration between Friends Secondary Schools, Kenya; Friends United Meeting, Africa; and George Fox University.

This resource has three parts: the syllabus and a resource guide, linked below under "additional files," and the teacher's guide at the "download" link to the left.

Behavioral And Physiological Responses Of Ozark Zigzag Salamanders To Stimuli From An Invasive Predator: The Armadillo, A. L. Crane, C. E. Mcgrane, S. Alicia Mathis

College of Natural and Applied Sciences

When new predators invade a habitat, either through range extensions or introductions, prey may be at a high risk because they do not recognize the predators as dangerous. The nine-banded armadillo (Dasypus novemcinctus) has recently expanded its range in North America. Armadillos forage by searching soil and leaf litter, consuming invertebrates and small vertebrates, including salamanders. We tested whether Ozark zigzag salamanders (Plethodon angusticlavius) from a population coexisting with armadillos for about 30 years exhibit antipredator behavior in the presence of armadillo chemical cues and whether they can discriminate between stimuli from armadillos and a nonpredatory sympatric mammal (white-tailed deer, …

Calcitonin Gene-Related Peptide Promotes Cellular Changes In Trigeminal Neurons And Glia Implicated In Peripheral And Central Sensitization, Ryan J. Cady, Joseph R. Glenn, Kael M. Smith, Paul L. Durham

College of Natural and Applied Sciences

Background: Calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP), a neuropeptide released from trigeminal nerves, is implicated in the underlying pathology of temporomandibular joint disorder (TMD). Elevated levels of CGRP in the joint capsule correlate with inflammation and pain. CGRP mediates neurogenic inflammation in peripheral tissues by increasing blood flow, recruiting immune cells, and activating sensory neurons. The goal of this study was to investigate the capability of CGRP to promote peripheral and central sensitization in a model of TMD. Results: Temporal changes in protein expression in trigeminal ganglia and spinal trigeminal nucleus were determined by immunohistochemistry following injection of CGRP in the temporomandibular …

Landmark Learning By The Ozark Zigzag Salamander Plethodon Angusticlavius, Adam L. Crane, Alicia Mathis

College of Natural and Applied Sciences

Although salamanders have been shown to respond to classical conditioning, spatial learning has been largely unstudied. We tested whether salamanders could learn to locate foraging areas by using landmarks. We trained 10 salamanders Plethodon angusticlavius to use landmarks (small rocks) to locate patches within the arena containing food (blackworms Lum-briculus variegatus). At the corners of each square testing arena were four plastic dishes, one containing blackworms and the other three empty. A rock was placed in front of the dish containing blackworms, and the location of the food-dish was randomly chosen for each training trial. A control group was also …

Caught Between Stories: A Narrative Approach To Worldview For Christian Professionals - Chapter 8 In "Bridging The Gap: Connecting Christian Faith And Professional Practice", Ted Newell, Ken Badley

Faculty Publications - College of Education

No abstract provided.

Surgical Treatment Of Discogenic Sciatica, Mahdi Sharif-Alhoseini, Vafa Rahimi-Movaghar

Neurosciences

The evaluation of physical, psychological, social, and occupational factors are recommended in patients with discogenic sciatica. Surgical discectomy may be considered in selected patients with sciatica due to lumbar disc herniations that fail to resolve with conservative management for at least 6-8 weeks, or in patients with cauda equina syndrome. An appropriate pre-operative work up including neuroimaging is necessary. Surgery has been shown to be highly effective; shortening the time to recovery by around 50% compared to nonsurgical treatment. Whether one specific surgical procedure is better than other remains uncertain. Methodological limitations of studies evaluating the efficacy of percutaneous methods …

Degree Of Dependence Influences The Effects Of Smoking On Psychomotor Performance And Working Memory Capacity, Ammar W. Ashor

Neurosciences

OBJECTIVE: Exploration of the variable effect of the degree of smoking dependence on psychomotor performance and working memory capacity. METHODS: This is a randomized, controlled, prospective study conducted in the Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, Al-Mustansiriya University, Baghdad, Iraq from 15 January 2011 to25 February 2011. After third stage male medical students completed the Fagerstrom Test for Nicotine Dependence questionnaire, we randomly selected a sample of 32 students and divided them into 3 groups:10 participants with zero score (non-smokers), 11 participants with a score of 5 or less (light smokers), and 11 participants with a score of 6 or …

Reconceiving Corporate Personhood, Elizabeth E. Pollman

Utah Law Review

Drawing on the relevant historical, theoretical, and doctrinal background, this Article demonstrates that the doctrine of corporate personhood should not be understood as a justification or methodology for granting corporations any particular right. Instead, the doctrine merely recognizes that corporations can hold rights as a means of protecting the rights of humans involved in them. This is an important principle, but a distinctly limited one. It recognizes that corporations are human endeavors capable of holding rights, but does not explain which rights they have or how to make this determination. In addition, the Article proposes that courts should use a …

Comparative Neuroprotective Effects Of Methylprednisolone And Rosiglitazone, A Peroxisome Proliferator-Activated Receptor-Γ Following Spinal Cord Injury, Qin Zhang, Chen Huang, Tiansi Tang, Qin Shi, Huilin Yang

Neurosciences

OBJECTIVE: To compare the neuroprotective effects of methylprednisolone (MPSS) and rosiglitazone (ROSG) following spinal cord injury (SCI). METHODS: This study was carried out at the Institute of Orthopedics, the First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China between June 2009 and March 2010. One hundred and twenty Sprague-Dawley rats after SCI were divided into 4 different groups (30/group): i) SCI-vehicle group, ii) MPSS group, iii) ROSG group, and iv) sham saline group. The following 5 aspects were evaluated: 1) spinal cord inflammation and tissue injury; 2) neutrophil infiltration; 3) cell apoptosis; 4) the expression of proinflammatory cytokines tumor necrosis factor-α …

Pure Topographical Disorientation In A Patient With Right Occipito-Temporal Lesion, Marcella Caglio, Lorys Castelli, Paolo Cerrato, Luca Latini-Corazzini

Neurosciences

We describe a patient who presented with a pure topographical disorientation after a stroke involving the right mesial occipito-temporal cortex. He could not point to external unseen landmarks or draw a map of his city, while he could recognize landmarks, and judge the distance, and describe the route between pairs of landmarks of the same city. He underwent standardized cognitive tests, and 6 tasks were used to assess a topographical orientation route-survey. This study provides evidence that topographical disorientation can be subdivided into very specific components. The results suggest that one of these components might refer to the processing of …

Can Ziconotide As A N-Type Voltage-Sensitive Calcium Channel Blocker Open A New Mode For Treatment Of Autism? A Hypothesis., Ahmad Ghanizadeh

Neurosciences

No abstract provided.

Highlights Of The American Epilepsy Society (Aes) 64th Annual Meeting, Raidah Al-Baradie

Neurosciences

No abstract provided.

Enhanced Expression Of Glial Fibrillary Acidic Protein In The Hippocampus One Month After Whole Brain Irradiation Of Adult Rats, Ye Tian, Shu Yang, Liyuan Zhang, Zhige Shi, Shiyao Bao

Neurosciences

OBJECTIVE: To examine the changes of glial fibrillary acidic protein in the hippocampus after whole brain irradiation of adult rats. METHODS: Forty-one male Sprague-Dawley rats (180-220 g weight and 6-8 weeks) were divided into the 9 irradiation subgroups, sham, and control groups. Their whole brain was irradiated by a single dose of 2, 10, and 30 Gy. At one day, one week, and one month after irradiation, reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction assay was used to semiquantitatively analyze the expression of glial fibrillary acidic protein messenger RNA, and immunohistochemistry was performed to detect glial fibrillary acidic protein-positive cells. This study was …

The Acute Effects Of Mirtazapine On Pain Related Behavior In Healthy Animals, Fatma S. Kilic, Ali E. Dogan, Canan Baydemir, Kevser Erol

Neurosciences

OBJECTIVE: To investigate whether the tetracyclic antidepressant mirtazapine has a pain-suppressing effect in healthy animals. METHODS: In the first step, Swiss albino female mice weighing 25-35 g were used. Eight groups each containing 8 mice were established as follows:- Control (saline), mirtazapine 5 mg/kg, 10 mg/kg, and 20 mg/kg, mirtazapine 10mg/kg and its combinations L-Nitro-L-Arginine Methyl Ester (L-NAME) 100 mg/kg, L-Arginine 100 mg/kg, naloxone 1 mg/kg, and cyproheptadine 50 ug/kg. This study was performed in the Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Eskisehir Osmangazi University, Eskisehir, Turkey during March, April, and May 2009. One hour after the drugs were given …

Brain Magnetic Resonance Image Segmentation Using Novel Improvement For Expectation Maximizing, Mohammad A. Balafar, Abdul-Rahman Ramli, Syamsiah Mashohor

Neurosciences

OBJECTIVE: To improve the quality of expectation maximizing (EM) for brain image segmentation, and to evaluate the accuracy of segmentation results. METHODS: This brain segmentation study was conducted in Universiti Putra Malaysia in Serdong, Malaysia between February and November 2010 on simulated and real images using novel improvement for EM. The EM-1 (proposed algorithm) was compared with neighborhood based extensions for fuzzy C-mean (FCM). The EM-1 was also applied to all 20 normal real MRI volumes and compared with reported results from the Internet Brain Segmentation Repository. RESULTS: In simulated images, the EM-1 outperforms neighborhood based extensions for FCM. The …

Can Propofol Cause Seizures? An Experimental Study, Ajay Prakash, Bikash Medhi, Sazal Patyar, Prasadbyrav D. Shivaramaiah, Suchit Khanduja, Shilpa Palhora, Biman Saikia

Neurosciences

No abstract provided.

The Effects Of The Neurotensin-1 Receptor Agonist Pd149163 On Visual Signal Detection Task Performance In Rats, Todd M. Hillhouse

All NMU Master's Theses

No abstract provided.

Methylation And Patterns Of Evolution In Imprinted Genes In The Mouse, Tori A. Lafleur

All NMU Master's Theses

No abstract provided.

Contribution To The Knowledge Of The Pompilidae (Hymenoptera, Aculeata) Fauna Of Turkey With The Checklist Of Species, Erol Yildirim, Raymond Wahis

Turkish Journal of Zoology

This study is based upon material of family Pompilidae collected from different localities in Turkey between 2000 and 2009; the other related studies on the Pompilidae in Turkey were reviewed. Dicyrtomellus kizilkumii (Radoszkowski, 1877) is a new record for Turkish fauna. The authors present also an updated checklist of the Pompilidae fauna of Turkey. Including the new taxon determined in this study a total of 200 species and 5 subspecies from 35 genera of the family Pompilidae were recorded from Turkey to date. Among them, the type localities of 23 species and 1 subspecies from Pompilidae are situated in Turkey. …

Protein And Lipid Amounts Of The Parasitoid Bracon Hebetor Say (Hymenoptera: Braconidae) At Constant And Alternating Temperatures, Özgür Varer Işitan, Nevran Eylem Akman Gündüz, Adem Gülel

Turkish Journal of Zoology

Bracon hebetor Say (Hymenoptera: Braconidae) is a gregarious synovigenic parasitoid that attacks late stage larvae of many important lepidopterous species. The purpose of the current study was to evaluate the influence of 3 constant (18, 25, and 35 °C) and 1 alternating temperature (incubator programmed to vary daily between 18, 25, and 35 °C at 8 h intervals) on protein and lipid amounts of female and male parasitoids. Protein amounts of female parasitoids were highest when exposed to alternating temperature. At all the temperatures tested, 1-day-old males had similar amounts of protein, but 5- and 10-day-old males had higher amounts …

A Comparison Of Skeletal Muscle Protein Bands In Pelophylax Ridibundus (Pallas, 1771) And Pelophylax Caralitanus (Arıkan, 1988) Populations In Turkey Using Sds-Page, Ufuk Bülbül, Bi̇lal Kutrup

Turkish Journal of Zoology

In this study, skeletal muscle protein bands of Pelophylax ridibundus specimens from 31 populations inhabiting all geographic regions of Turkey and Pelophylax caralitanus specimens from the Isparta (Lake Eğirdir) population were compared using sodium dodecyl sulphate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE). In total, 270 adult (134 females, 136 males) P. ridibundus specimens and 12 adult (5 females, 7 males) P. caralitanus specimens were used in SDS-PAGE characterization. The first group (31 different populations of P. ridibundus) had 27 homologous protein bands whereas the second group (1 population of P. caralitanus from Lake Eğirdir) had 28 bands. It was shown that the …

Eulophid Parasitoids (Hymenoptera: Eulophidae) Of The Horse Chestnut Leafminer, Cameraria Ohridella (Lepidoptera: Gracillariidae), From İstanbul, Turkey, Haci Hüseyi̇n Cebeci̇, Giselher Grabenweger, Hami̇t Ayberk

Turkish Journal of Zoology

The eulophid parasitoids (Hymenoptera: Eulophidae) of Cameraria ohridella Deschka and Dimic (Lepidoptera: Gracillariidae) on horse chestnuts (Aesculus hippocastanum L.) in İstanbul were determined for the first time. Horse chestnut leaves infested with leafminers were collected in 2008 and adult parasitoids were obtained in emergence cages in the laboratory. A total of 10 eulophid parasitoid species were identified, 5 of which, namely Cirrospilus viticola (Rondani), Pnigalio mediterraneus (Ferriére and Delucchi), Minotetrastichus frontalis (Nees), M. platanellus (Mercet), and Closterocerus trifasciatus Westwood, were recorded for the first time in Turkey. All of the identified parasitoid species have already been reported as parasitoids of …

New Records Of Two Cheyletid Mite Species (Acari: Cheyletidae) From Iran, Sali̇h Doğan, Mahdi Jalaeian, Hashem Kamali

Turkish Journal of Zoology

Two species of the family Cheyletidae (Acari: Prostigmata), Cheletonella vespertilionis Womersley and Cheyletus kuznetzovi Bochkov and Khaustov, are given as new records for the Iranian fauna. This is also the first report of the genus Cheletonella Womersley from Iran.

Revenge Of The Sunrise Shift, Susan Weich

Theses

This novella is a fictional account of a journalist's struggle with her own integrity as it relates to her job covering the crime beat and as a victim of a brutal crime. The story explores how Kendra Hall's attack changes her perspective of the people she covers on a daily basis and resurrects a lesson about justice taught to her by her police detective grandfather, who caused her to go into a career in police reporting in the first place. When Hall realizes that the assault isn't over, she must face a series of decisions that have repercussions for her …