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2011

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A Review Of Histomorphometric Analysis Techniques For Assessing Implant-Soft Tissue Interface, Wen Lin Chai, K. Moharamzadeh, I.M. Brook, R. Van Noort Jan 2011

A Review Of Histomorphometric Analysis Techniques For Assessing Implant-Soft Tissue Interface, Wen Lin Chai, K. Moharamzadeh, I.M. Brook, R. Van Noort

Research Publications (2011 to 2015)

The success of dental implant treatment depends on the healing of both hard and soft tissues. While osseointegration provides initial success, the biological seal of the peri-implant soft tissue is crucial for maintaining the long term success of implants. Most studies of the biological seal of peri-implant tissues are based on animal or monolayer cell culture models. To understand the mechanisms of soft tissue attachment and the factors affecting the integrity of the soft tissue around the implants, it is essential to obtain good quality histological sections for microscopic examination. The nature of the specimens, however, which consist of both …

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A Simple Approach For Education Using Virtual Human Dataset, W.C. Seng, S.H. Mirisaee Jan 2011

A Simple Approach For Education Using Virtual Human Dataset, W.C. Seng, S.H. Mirisaee

Research Publications (2011 to 2015)

The virtual tour of human body is a system which is able to generate a three â�� dimensional image of a human bodybased on the human dataset. Virtual human body systems prepare an environment for medical practitioners to treat certainmedical conditions especially those which require surgery, precision and planning according to individual patients. Currentvirtual human body systems have some drawbacks and shortages especially as a study aid system, so the proposed system inthis research tries to fulfill the shortages as a proper study aid system. The objective of this research is to develop a systemthat can simulate fly â�� through …

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Antimalarial Activity Of Methanolic Leaf Extract Of Piper Betle L, A.H. Al-Adhroey, Z.M. Nor, H.M. Al-Mekhlafi, A.A. Amran, R. Mahmud Jan 2011

Antimalarial Activity Of Methanolic Leaf Extract Of Piper Betle L, A.H. Al-Adhroey, Z.M. Nor, H.M. Al-Mekhlafi, A.A. Amran, R. Mahmud

Research Publications (2011 to 2015)

The need for new compounds active against malaria parasites is made more urgent by the rapid spread of drug-resistance to available antimalarial drugs. The crude methanol extract of Piper betle leaves (50-400 mg/kg) was investigated for its antimalarial activity against Plasmodium berghei (NK65) during early and established infections. The phytochemical and antioxidant potentials of the crude extract were evaluated to elucidate the possibilities of its antimalarial effects. The safety of the extract was also investigated in ICR mice of both sexes by the acute oral toxicity limit test. The leaf extract demonstrated significant (P < 0.05) schizonticidal activity in all three antimalarial evaluation models. Phytochemical screening showed that the leaf extract contains some vital antiplasmodial chemical constituents. The extract also exhibited a potent ability to scavenge the free radicals. The results of acute toxicity showed that the methanol extract of Piper betle leaves is toxicologically safe by oral administration. The results suggest that the Malaysian folklorical medicinal application of the extract of Piper betle leaf has a pharmacological basis.

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Antiviral Activity Of Four Types Of Bioflavonoid Against Dengue Virus Type-2, Keivan Zandi, Boon Teong Teoh, Sing Sin Sam, Pooi Fong Wong, Mohd Rais Mustafa, Sazaly Abubakar Jan 2011

Antiviral Activity Of Four Types Of Bioflavonoid Against Dengue Virus Type-2, Keivan Zandi, Boon Teong Teoh, Sing Sin Sam, Pooi Fong Wong, Mohd Rais Mustafa, Sazaly Abubakar

Research Publications (2011 to 2015)

BACKGROUND: Dengue is a major mosquito-borne disease currently with no effective antiviral or vaccine available. Effort to find antivirals for it has focused on bioflavonoids, a plant-derived polyphenolic compounds with many potential health benefits. In the present study, antiviral activity of four types of bioflavonoid against dengue virus type -2 (DENV-2) in Vero cell was evaluated. Anti-dengue activity of these compounds was determined at different stages of DENV-2 infection and replication cycle. DENV replication was measured by Foci Forming Unit Reduction Assay (FFURA) and quantitative RT-PCR. Selectivity Index value (SI) was determined as the ratio of cytotoxic concentration 50 (CC50) …

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Biochemical And Toxinological Characterization Of Naja Sumatrana (Equatorial Spitting Cobra) Venom, M.K.K. Yap, N.H. Tan, Shin Yee Fung Jan 2011

Biochemical And Toxinological Characterization Of Naja Sumatrana (Equatorial Spitting Cobra) Venom, M.K.K. Yap, N.H. Tan, Shin Yee Fung

Research Publications (2011 to 2015)

The lethal and enzymatic activities of venom from Naja sumatrana (Equatorial spitting cobra) were determined and compared to venoms from three other Southeast Asian cobras (Naja sputatrix, Naja siamensis and Naja kaouthia). All four venoms exhibited the common characteristic enzymatic activities of Asiatic cobra venoms: low protease, phosphodiesterase, alkaline phosphomonoesterase and L-amino acid oxidase activities, moderately high acetylcholinesterase and hyaluronidase activities and high phospholipase A2. Fractionation of N. sumatrana venom by Resource® S cation exchange chromatography (GE Healthcare, USA) yielded nine major protein peaks, with all except the acidic protein peak being lethal to mice. Most of the protein peaks …

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Capsular Serotyping Of Pasteurella Multocida From Various Animal Hosts - A Comparison Of Phenotypic And Genotypic Methods, N.D. Arumugam, N. Ajam, P.J. Blackall, N.M. Asiah, M. Ramlan, J. Maria, S. Yuslan, Kwai Lin Thong Jan 2011

Capsular Serotyping Of Pasteurella Multocida From Various Animal Hosts - A Comparison Of Phenotypic And Genotypic Methods, N.D. Arumugam, N. Ajam, P.J. Blackall, N.M. Asiah, M. Ramlan, J. Maria, S. Yuslan, Kwai Lin Thong

Research Publications (2011 to 2015)

One hundred and fourteen strains of Pasteurella multocida were isolated from different domestic animals species (cattle, buffalo, sheep, goat, pig, rabbit, dog, cat), avian species (chicken, duck, turkey) and wild animals (deer, tiger, orang utan, marmoset). The serogroups of P multocida were determined by both conventional capsular serotyping and a multiplex PCR assay targeting specific capsular genes. Based on the conventional serotyping method, the 114 strains of P multocida were subtyped into 55 species-specific (untypeable strains) P. multocida, 15 serogroup A, 23 serogroup B and 21 serogroup D. Based on the multiplex PCR assay on the specific capsular genes associated …

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Capturing Arab Gulf Market: An Analysis Of Malaysian Exports Competitiveness In The Market, M.F. Abu-Hussin, A.A. Sulaiman, M.Y.M. Hussin Jan 2011

Capturing Arab Gulf Market: An Analysis Of Malaysian Exports Competitiveness In The Market, M.F. Abu-Hussin, A.A. Sulaiman, M.Y.M. Hussin

Research Publications (2011 to 2015)

In recent years, the Arab Gulf Countries in particular Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC) has been an attractive market destination for the Asian businesses. China, India, Japan and other Asian countries have huge interest in developing close relationships with the six nations. As an emerging economy in the West Eastern Asia, the GCC offer huge interest in doing businesses and become a gate for the Middle Eastern markets. Malaysia, besides the religious affinity that it shares with the Arab Gulf Countries, is also highly interested in expanding its trade relations with the Arab Gulf Economies.Therefore, in this article, an investigation on …

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Changes In The Vascular Cell Adhesion Molecule-1, Intercellular Adhesion Molecule-1 And C-Reactive Protein Following Administration Of Aqueous Extract Of Piper Sarmentosum On Experimental Rabbits Fed With Cholesterol Diet, A.A. Amran, Z. Zakaria, Faizah Othman, S. Das, Hesham Mahyoub Al-Mekhlafi, N. Nordin Jan 2011

Changes In The Vascular Cell Adhesion Molecule-1, Intercellular Adhesion Molecule-1 And C-Reactive Protein Following Administration Of Aqueous Extract Of Piper Sarmentosum On Experimental Rabbits Fed With Cholesterol Diet, A.A. Amran, Z. Zakaria, Faizah Othman, S. Das, Hesham Mahyoub Al-Mekhlafi, N. Nordin

Research Publications (2011 to 2015)

Background: Inflammation process plays an important role in the development of atherosclerosis. Hypercholesterolemia is one of the major risk factors for atherosclerosis. The present study aimed to evaluate the effect of aqueous extract of Piper sarmentosum (P.s) on inflammatory markers like vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 (VCAM-1), intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1), and C-reactive protein (CRP). Methods: Forty two male New Zealand white rabbits were divided equally into seven groups; (i) C-control group fed normal rabbit chow (ii) CH-cholesterol diet (1 cholesterol) (iii) X1-1 cholesterol with water extract of P.s (62.5 mg/kg) (iv) X2-1 cholesterol with water extract of P.s (125 mg/kg …

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Chemically Induced Breast Tumors In Rats Are Detectable In Early Stages By Contrast Enhanced Magnetic Resonance Imaging But Not By Changes In The Acute-Phase Reactants In Serum, S. Golbabapour, W.W. Pang, J. George, T. Pasupati, P.S. Abdul-Rahman, Onn Haji Hashim Jan 2011

Chemically Induced Breast Tumors In Rats Are Detectable In Early Stages By Contrast Enhanced Magnetic Resonance Imaging But Not By Changes In The Acute-Phase Reactants In Serum, S. Golbabapour, W.W. Pang, J. George, T. Pasupati, P.S. Abdul-Rahman, Onn Haji Hashim

Research Publications (2011 to 2015)

The present study was undertaken to develop a rat model for monitoring the early development of breast cancer. Twelve female rats were divided into two groups of six rats that were either treated with N-methyl-N-nitrosourea to induce breast cancer or with bacterial lipopolysaccharide to induce inflammation. Serum samples taken from the rats prior to the treatment were used as controls. By the 14th week, presence of the tumor was detectable by contrast enhanced magnetic resonance imaging and confirmed by histopathology. When the serum proteins of the rats were examined by 2-dimensional electrophoresis (2-DE), no difference could be detected in the …

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Determination Of Toxinotypes Of Environmental Clostridium Perfringens By Polymerase Chain Reaction, L.C.H. Florence, S.L. Hakim, M.A. Kamaluddin, Kwai Lin Thong Jan 2011

Determination Of Toxinotypes Of Environmental Clostridium Perfringens By Polymerase Chain Reaction, L.C.H. Florence, S.L. Hakim, M.A. Kamaluddin, Kwai Lin Thong

Research Publications (2011 to 2015)

Toxinotype of Clostridium perfringens (CP) isolates collected from the Bernam River, Selangor River and Tengi Canal between April 2007 and January 2008 were determined by Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) using published primers. All the 147 isolates were toxinotype Type A, harbouring the alpha toxin gene. In addition, 5 of the isolates also had the enterotoxin (CPE) gene.

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Enhancement In Mineralization Of A Number Of Natural Refractory Organic Compounds By The Combined Process Of Sonolysis And Ozonolysis (Us/O3), M. Cui, M. Jang, S.H. Cho, D. Elena, J. Khim Jan 2011

Enhancement In Mineralization Of A Number Of Natural Refractory Organic Compounds By The Combined Process Of Sonolysis And Ozonolysis (Us/O3), M. Cui, M. Jang, S.H. Cho, D. Elena, J. Khim

Research Publications (2011 to 2015)

As an advanced oxidation process, the combination of sonolysis (US)/ozonolysis (O3) was investigated on the treatment of tannic acid (TA) and humic acid (HA). In this study, biodegradable chemicals were found by the molecular weight and GC-MS analysis method, and mineralization rate and synergetic effects were also studied. For the water samples prior to the treatment of US/O3, ratios of molecular size higher than 5000 and 2000 Da for HA and TA, detected by the ultra filtration method, were 90.25 and 89.53, respectively. However, after 0.5 h of reacting, this ratio rapidly reduced to 3 and 4, and the ratios …

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Enzymatic And Toxinological Activities Of Hypnale Hypnale (Hump-Nosed Pit Viper) Venom And Its Fractionation By Ion Exchange High Performance Liquid Chromatography, C.H. Tan, S.M. Sim, C.A. Gnanathasan, Shin Yee Fung, G. Ponnudurai, J. Pailoor, N.H. Tan Jan 2011

Enzymatic And Toxinological Activities Of Hypnale Hypnale (Hump-Nosed Pit Viper) Venom And Its Fractionation By Ion Exchange High Performance Liquid Chromatography, C.H. Tan, S.M. Sim, C.A. Gnanathasan, Shin Yee Fung, G. Ponnudurai, J. Pailoor, N.H. Tan

Research Publications (2011 to 2015)

Hypnale hypnale (hump-nosed pit viper) has been recently identified as one of the medically important venomous snakes in Sri Lanka and on the southwestern coast of India. The characterization of its venom is essential for understanding the pathophysiology of envenomation and for optimizing its management. In the present study, the biological properties of Hypnale hypnale venom and venom fractions obtained using Resource Q ion exchange chromatography were determined. The venom exhibited toxic activities typical of pit viper venom, comparable to that of its sister taxon, the Malayan pit viper (Calloselasma rhodostoma). Particularly noteworthy were its high activities of thrombin-like enzyme, …

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Erectogenic Effects Of Clerodendron Capitatum: Involvement Of Phosphodiesterase Type-5 Inhibition, S.I. Abdelwahab, A.H. Mohamed, M. Oall, O.Y. Mohamed, M.M. Elhassan Taha, S. Mohan, M.I. Noordin, Mohd Rais Mustafa, K. M. Alkharfy Jan 2011

Erectogenic Effects Of Clerodendron Capitatum: Involvement Of Phosphodiesterase Type-5 Inhibition, S.I. Abdelwahab, A.H. Mohamed, M. Oall, O.Y. Mohamed, M.M. Elhassan Taha, S. Mohan, M.I. Noordin, Mohd Rais Mustafa, K. M. Alkharfy

Research Publications (2011 to 2015)

Clerodendron capitatum (Willd) (family: verbenaceae) is locally named as Gung and used traditionally to treat erectile dysfunction.Therefore, the current study was designed to investigate the erectogenic properties of C. capitatum. The relaxation effect of this plant was tested on phenylephrine precontracted rabbit corpus cavernosum smooth muscle (CCSM). The effects of C. capitatum were also examined on isolated Guinea pig atria alone, in the presence of calcium chloride (Ca 2+ channel blocker), atropine(cholinergic blocker), and glibenclamide (ATP-sensitive K +channel blocker). These effects were confirmed on isolated rabbit aortic strips. The extract, when tested colorimetrically for its inhibitory activities on phosphordiesterase-5 (PDE-5) …

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Evaluation Of The Effects Of Mitragyna Speciosa Alkaloid Extract On Cytochrome P450 Enzymes Using A High Throughput Assay, W.M. Kong, Z. Chik, M. Ramachandra, U. Subramaniam, R.E.R. Aziddin, Z. Mohamed Jan 2011

Evaluation Of The Effects Of Mitragyna Speciosa Alkaloid Extract On Cytochrome P450 Enzymes Using A High Throughput Assay, W.M. Kong, Z. Chik, M. Ramachandra, U. Subramaniam, R.E.R. Aziddin, Z. Mohamed

Research Publications (2011 to 2015)

The extract from Mitragyna speciosa has been widely used as an opium substitute, mainly due to its morphine-like pharmacological effects. This study investigated the effects of M. speciosa alkaloid extract (MSE) on human recombinant cytochrome P450 (CYP) enzyme activities using a modified Crespi method. As compared with the liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry method, this method has shown to be a fast and cost-effective way to perform CYP inhibition studies. The results indicated that MSE has the most potent inhibitory effect on CYP3A4 and CYP2D6, with apparent half-maximal inhibitory concentration (IC(50)) values of 0.78 mu g/mL and 0.636 mu g/mL, respectively. In …

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Expression And Analysis Of The Glycosylation Properties Of Recombinant Human Erythropoietin Expressed In Pichia Pastoris, Ser Huy Teh, Mun Yik Fong, Zulqarnain Mohamed Jan 2011

Expression And Analysis Of The Glycosylation Properties Of Recombinant Human Erythropoietin Expressed In Pichia Pastoris, Ser Huy Teh, Mun Yik Fong, Zulqarnain Mohamed

Research Publications (2011 to 2015)

The Pichia pastoris expression system was used to produce recombinant human erythropoietin, a protein synthesized by the adult kidney and responsible for the regulation of red blood cell production. The entire recombinant human erythropoietin (rhEPO) gene was constructed using the Splicing by Overlap Extension by PCR (SOE-PCR) technique, cloned and expressed through the secretory pathway of the Pichia expression system. Recombinant erythropoietin was successfully expressed in P. pastoris. The estimated molecular mass of the expressed protein ranged from 32 kDa to 75 kDa, with the variation in size being attributed to the presence of rhEPO glycosylation analogs. A crude functional …

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Forage Quality Of Foxtail Millet (Setaria Italica) Cultivars At Different Phenological Stages In Karaj Region, Iran, S. Mohajer, M.V. Dastenai, R.M. Taha Jan 2011

Forage Quality Of Foxtail Millet (Setaria Italica) Cultivars At Different Phenological Stages In Karaj Region, Iran, S. Mohajer, M.V. Dastenai, R.M. Taha

Research Publications (2011 to 2015)

The determination of forage quality is one of the most important factors essential to appropriate field management. The most important factor, effective on forage quality, is the growth stage; by studying on phenological stages of the forage, suitable grazing time can be determined. Since different cultivars of forage crops have different feed qualities at each of their growth stages, for the purpose of investigation of genetic diversity of forage yields and their quantitative characters, we studied three foxtail millet cultivars, KFM1, KFM6 and KFM9, at three phenological stages including vegetative growth stage, flowering stage and seeding stage by use of …

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Generation And Characterization Of A High-Affinity Monoclonal Antibody For Muc1 Measurement In Breast Cancer, S.H. Cheah, S.S.A. Hamid Jan 2011

Generation And Characterization Of A High-Affinity Monoclonal Antibody For Muc1 Measurement In Breast Cancer, S.H. Cheah, S.S.A. Hamid

Research Publications (2011 to 2015)

Breast mucin is secreted by breast tumor cells and serves as a marker for breast cancer. Thus, antibodies against breast mucin will be valuable in the development of immunotherapy and laboratory diagnostic tests. Monoclonal antibodies (MAbs) against breast cancer–associated antigen were generated and characterized. Balb/c mice were immunized with breast cancer-associated antigen CA15-3, and subsequently splenocytes from immunized mice were fused with myeloma cells. After fusion, culture supernatants from hybridomas surviving HAT medium were screened by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). A total of eight hybridomas producing MAbs against breast cancer showed significant levels of antibody activity against CA15-3. Two selected …

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Hyaluronic Acid With Or Without Bone Marrow Derived-Mesenchymal Stem Cells Improves Osteoarthritic Knee Changes In Rat Model: A Preliminary Report, A.M. Suhaeb, S. Naveen, A. Mansor, Tunku Kamarul Jan 2011

Hyaluronic Acid With Or Without Bone Marrow Derived-Mesenchymal Stem Cells Improves Osteoarthritic Knee Changes In Rat Model: A Preliminary Report, A.M. Suhaeb, S. Naveen, A. Mansor, Tunku Kamarul

Research Publications (2011 to 2015)

Despite being a complex degenerative joint disease, studies on osteoarthritis (OA) suggest that its progression can be reduced by the use of hyaluronic acid (HA) or mesenchymal stem cells (MSC). The present study thus aims to examine the effects of MSC, HA and the combination of HA-MSC in treating OA in rat model. The histological observations using O'Driscoll score indicate that it is the use of HA and MSC independently and not their combination that delays the progression of OA. In conclusion, the preliminary study suggest that the use of either HA or MSCs effectively reduces OA progression better than …

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Influence Of Growth Stage And Variety On The Pigment Levels In Ipomoea Batatas (Sweet Potato) Leaves, S.M. Hue, A.N. Boyce, C. Somasundram Jan 2011

Influence Of Growth Stage And Variety On The Pigment Levels In Ipomoea Batatas (Sweet Potato) Leaves, S.M. Hue, A.N. Boyce, C. Somasundram

Research Publications (2011 to 2015)

The study of pigments and nutritional composition in Ipomoea batatas has been intensive, yet little studies have been conducted on their leaves. I. batatas (sweet potato) leaves which are discarded after the harvesting period can be used as a potential source of natural dye extraction due to their high level of carotenoids (particularly lutein). Selection of leaves material is dependable on factors such as leaves varieties and stages of growth developments. Variations in chlorophyll a, chlorophyll b, total carotenoids and lutein level were determined spectrophotometrically at different stages of leaves development in 6 different varieties of I. batatas leaves. Result …

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Insecticide Resistance Development In Aedes Aegypti Upon Selection Pressure With Malathion, H. Hidayati, W.A. Nazni, H.L. Lee, Mohd Sofian-Azirun Jan 2011

Insecticide Resistance Development In Aedes Aegypti Upon Selection Pressure With Malathion, H. Hidayati, W.A. Nazni, H.L. Lee, Mohd Sofian-Azirun

Research Publications (2011 to 2015)

Bioassay test against malathion had been carried out with larval and adult stages of Aedes aegypti. The mosquitoes were under selection pressure against malathion for fortyfive consecutive generations. The rate of resistance development was measured by LC 50 and LT 50 values. The larvae and adult females, after subjection to malathion selection for 45 generations, developed high resistance level to malathion, with resistance ratio of 52.7 and 3.24 folds, respectively over control mosquitoes. Cross-resistance towards the same and different groups of insecticides was determined using the F44 and F45 malathion-selected adult females. Insecticides tested were DDT (4.0), permethrin (0.75), propoxur …

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International Contribution To Nipah Virus Research 1999-2010, H. Safahieh, S.A. Sanni, A.N. Zainab Jan 2011

International Contribution To Nipah Virus Research 1999-2010, H. Safahieh, S.A. Sanni, A.N. Zainab

Research Publications (2011 to 2015)

This study examines 462 papers on Nipah virus research published from 1999 to 2010, identifying the active authors, institutions and citations received. Data was extracted from SCI-Expanded database, (Web of Science) and analyzed using descriptive figures and tables. The results show the growth of publication is incremental up to 2010 even though the average citations received is decreasing. The ratio of authors to articles is 1330: 426. The active contributing countries are USA (41.0), Australia (19.3), Malaysia (16.0), England (6.5) and France (5.6). The productive authors are mainly affiliated to the Centre for Disease Control and Prevention, USA and Commonwealth …

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Iqbal’S Philosophy On Islamic Education: A Historical Perspective, M.R.M. Nor, I. Bahroni Jan 2011

Iqbal’S Philosophy On Islamic Education: A Historical Perspective, M.R.M. Nor, I. Bahroni

Research Publications (2011 to 2015)

Philosophy is science with the facts and data naturally relating to all aspects of human life coming into existence. As it throws light onto the problem of life and human destiny, it implies and postulates education. From these two aspects come their respective angles of vision, with similar issues and problems. Such are the meaning and purpose of human life, the relationship of the individual to the community and to his environment and the problem of values. Any coherent system of ideas, which provides guidance in facing these problems or offers a thoughtful criticism of existing institutions, culture, social practices …

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Mechanistic Studies Of The Anti-Ulcerogenic Activity And Acute Toxicity Evaluation Of Dichlorido-Copper(Ii)-4-(2-5-Bromobenzylideneamino)Ethyl) Piperazin-1-Ium Phenolate Complex Against Ethanol-Induced Gastric Injury In Rats, M.S. Salga, A.H.A. Hadi, P.D. Hussain, S.I. Abdelwahab, M.A. Abdullah, Hapipah Mohd Ali Jan 2011

Mechanistic Studies Of The Anti-Ulcerogenic Activity And Acute Toxicity Evaluation Of Dichlorido-Copper(Ii)-4-(2-5-Bromobenzylideneamino)Ethyl) Piperazin-1-Ium Phenolate Complex Against Ethanol-Induced Gastric Injury In Rats, M.S. Salga, A.H.A. Hadi, P.D. Hussain, S.I. Abdelwahab, M.A. Abdullah, Hapipah Mohd Ali

Research Publications (2011 to 2015)

The compound dichlorido-copper(II)-4-(2-5-bromobenzylideneamino)ethyl) piperazin-1-ium phenolate (CuLBS) was synthesized, characterized and screened for acute toxicity and protective activity against ethanol-induced gastric mucosal injury in rats. Gross microscopic lesions, biochemical and immunological parameters and histochemcial staining of glycogen storage were taken into consideration. Oral administration of CuLBS (30 and 60 mg/Kg) for two weeks dose-dependently flattened gastric mucosa, significantly increased gastric mucus and total acidity, compared with control group (P < 0.01). Serum levels of liver enzymes aspartate (AST) and alanine transaminases (ALT), pro-inflammatory (IL-6 and TNF-alpha) and anti-inflammatory (IL-10) cytokines in the rats exposed to ethanol induced ulceration have been altered. Administration of CuLBS showed considerable (P < 0.05) protection against ulceration by modulating the acute alterations of cytokines AST, ALT and stomach glycogen. Interestingly, CuLBS did not interfere with the natural release of nitric oxide. CuLBS alone (60 mg/Kg) did not exhibit any ulcerogenic effect as assessed using Adami's scoring scale. An acute toxicity study showed that rats treated with CuLBS (1,000 and 2,000 mg/Kg) manifested no abnormal signs. These findings therefore, suggested that the gastroprotective activity of CuLBS might contribute in modulating the inflammatory cytokine-mediated oxidative damage to gastric mucosa.

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Nutritional And Socio-Economic Determinants Of Cognitive Function And Educational Achievement Of Aboriginal Schoolchildren In Rural Malaysia, H.M. Al-Mekhlafi, M.A. Mahdy, A.A. Sallam, W.A. Ariffin, A.M. Al-Mekhlafi, A.A. Amran, Johari Surin Jan 2011

Nutritional And Socio-Economic Determinants Of Cognitive Function And Educational Achievement Of Aboriginal Schoolchildren In Rural Malaysia, H.M. Al-Mekhlafi, M.A. Mahdy, A.A. Sallam, W.A. Ariffin, A.M. Al-Mekhlafi, A.A. Amran, Johari Surin

Research Publications (2011 to 2015)

A community-based cross-sectional study was carried out among Aboriginal schoolchildren aged 7-12 years living in remote areas in Pos Betau, Pahang, Malaysia to investigate the potential determinants influencing the cognitive function and educational achievement of these children. Cognitive function was measured by intelligence quotient (IQ), while examination scores of selected school subjects were used in assessing educational achievement. Blood samples were collected to assess serum Fe status. All children were screened for soil-transmitted helminthes. Demographic and socio-economic data were collected using pre-tested questionnaires. Almost two-thirds (67.6 ) of the subjects had poor IQ and most of them (72.6) had insufficient …

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Nutritional Composition, Antioxidant Activities, And Antiulcer Potential Of Lentinus Squarrosulus(Mont.) Mycelia Extract, N.A.M. Omar, N. Abdullah, Umah Rani Kuppusamy, M.A. Abdulla, V. Sabaratnam Jan 2011

Nutritional Composition, Antioxidant Activities, And Antiulcer Potential Of Lentinus Squarrosulus(Mont.) Mycelia Extract, N.A.M. Omar, N. Abdullah, Umah Rani Kuppusamy, M.A. Abdulla, V. Sabaratnam

Research Publications (2011 to 2015)

Water extract of Lentinus squarrosulus mycelia was analysed for nutritional content, antioxidant capacity, and antiulcer ability. The extract contains high protein (57.6 g/100 g) and low total fat (0.5 g/100 g) and is rich in magnesium (0.4 g/100 g), potassium (3.8 g/100 g), vitamins B1 (1.42mg/100 g), and B3 (194.29 mg/100 g) with total phenolic content of 39.16 mg/100 g. The cupric reducing antioxidant capacity and 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl radical scavenging activity of the extract were A(450) of 0.20 perpendicular to 0.03 at 0.5mg/ml and IC(50) of 14.29 mg/ml, respectively. Oral feeding of L. squarrosulus extract (250 mg/kg) offered significant gastric mucosal …

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Optimal Location And Sizing Of Svc Using Particle Swarm Optimization Technique, S.A. Jumaat, I. Musirin, M.M. Othman, Hazlie Mokhlis Jan 2011

Optimal Location And Sizing Of Svc Using Particle Swarm Optimization Technique, S.A. Jumaat, I. Musirin, M.M. Othman, Hazlie Mokhlis

Research Publications (2011 to 2015)

This paper describes optimal location and sizing of static var compensator (SVC) based on Particle Swarm Optimization for minimization of transmission losses considering cost function. Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO) is population-based stochastic search algorithms approaches as the potential techniques to solving such a problem. For this study, static var compensator (SVC) is chosen as the compensation device. Validation through the implementation on the IEEE 30-bus system indicated that PSO is feasible to achieve the task. The simulation results are compared with those obtained from Evolutionary Programming (EP) technique in the attempt to highlight its merit.

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Optimized Conditions For Callus Induction, Plant Regeneration And Alkaloids Accumulation In Stem And Shoot Tip Explants Of Phyla Nodiflora, A.B.A. Ahmed, R. Pallela, A.S. Rao, M.V. Rao, R.M. Taha Jan 2011

Optimized Conditions For Callus Induction, Plant Regeneration And Alkaloids Accumulation In Stem And Shoot Tip Explants Of Phyla Nodiflora, A.B.A. Ahmed, R. Pallela, A.S. Rao, M.V. Rao, R.M. Taha

Research Publications (2011 to 2015)

The present study describes callus induction and the subsequent plant regeneration with alkaloids accumulation in stern and shoot tip explants of Phyla nodiflora. Both explants were cultured on different media (MS, B5, SH and WPM) for callus induction. Stem explants showed better callus biomass (dry weight) than shoot tip explants with green compact callus when cultured on MS medium containing 1.5 mg L(-1) alpha-naphthalene acetic acid. Shoots were regenerated from the callus on MS medium with 1.5 mg L(-1) alpha-naphthalene acetic acid and 1.0 mg L(-1) benzyl adenine. The rooting of all regenerated shoots was successfully performed on half-strength MS …

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Plasmodium Knowlesi Reinfection In Human, Y.L. Lau, L.H. Tan, L.C. Chin, M.Y. Fong, M.A. Noraishah, M. Rohela Jan 2011

Plasmodium Knowlesi Reinfection In Human, Y.L. Lau, L.H. Tan, L.C. Chin, M.Y. Fong, M.A. Noraishah, M. Rohela

Research Publications (2011 to 2015)

To the Editor: In 2004, a large number of patients infected with Plasmodium knowlesi (simian malarial species) were reported in Sarawak, Malaysia (1). P. knowlesi infection was also reported in Peninsular Malaysia (2). Here we report a case of human P. knowlesi reinfection. Phylogenetic sequence analysis shows that the first and second infections were caused by different strains of P. knowlesi.

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Prevalence And Risk Factors Of Intestinal Parasitism In Rural And Remote West Malaysia, R. Ngui, S. Ishak, C. S. Chuen, R. Mahmud, Y. A. L. Lim Jan 2011

Prevalence And Risk Factors Of Intestinal Parasitism In Rural And Remote West Malaysia, R. Ngui, S. Ishak, C. S. Chuen, R. Mahmud, Y. A. L. Lim

Research Publications (2011 to 2015)

Background: Intestinal parasitic infections (IPIs) have a worldwide distribution and have been identified as one of the most significant causes of illnesses and diseases among the disadvantaged population. In Malaysia, IPIs still persist in some rural areas, and this study was conducted to determine the current epidemiological status and to identify risk factors associated with IPIs among communities residing in rural and remote areas of West Malaysia. Methods/Findings: A total of 716 participants from 8 villages were involved, comprising those from 1 to 83 years old, 550 (76.8) participants aged <= 12 years and 166 (23.2) aged >= 13 years, and 304 (42.5) male and 412 (57.5) …

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Pso Based Technique For Loss Minimization Considering Voltage Profile And Cost Function, S.A. Jumaat, I. Musirin, O.M. Murtadha, Hazlie Mokhlis Jan 2011

Pso Based Technique For Loss Minimization Considering Voltage Profile And Cost Function, S.A. Jumaat, I. Musirin, O.M. Murtadha, Hazlie Mokhlis

Research Publications (2011 to 2015)

This paper describes optimal sizing of FACTS devices based on Particle Swarm Optimization for minimization of transmission loss considering voltage profile and cost function. Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO) is one of the artificial intelligent search approaches which have the potential in solving such a problem. In this study one of FACTS devices is used as a scheme for transmission loss. For this study, static var compensator (SVC) is chosen as the compensation device. The effect of population size during the optimization process towards achieving the solution is also investigated. Validation through the implementation on the IEEE 30-bus RTS indicated that …

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