Digital Commons Network^™

Islam In The Secular Nomos Of The European Court Of Human Rights, Peter G. Danchin

Faculty Scholarship

Since 2001 the European Court of Human Rights has decided a series of cases involving Islam and the claims of Muslim communities (both majorities and minorities) to freedom of religion and belief. This Article suggests that what is most interesting about these cases is how they are unsettling existing normative legal categories under the ECHR and catalyzing new forms of politics and rethinking of both the historical and theoretical premises of modern liberal political orders. These controversies raise anew two critical questions for ECHR jurisprudence: first, regarding the proper scope of the right to religious freedom; and second, regarding the …

Martek Biosciences Corp. V. Nutrinova, Inc.: Flipping The Lexiographer Rule On Its Head, Ngai Zhang

Proxy

No abstract provided.

The Elephantine Google Books Settlement, James Grimmelmann

Faculty Scholarship

The genius—some would say the evil genius—of the proposed Google Books settlement is the way it fuses legal categories. The settlement raises important class action, copyright, and antitrust issues, among others. But just as an elephant is not merely a trunk plus legs plus a tail, the settlement is more than the sum of the individual issues it raises. These “issues” are, really just different ways of describing a single, overriding issue of law and policy—a new way to concentrate an intellectual property industry.

In this essay, I will argue for the critical importance of seeing the settlement all at …

Three Theories Of Copyright In Ratings, James Grimmelmann

Faculty Scholarship

Are ratings copyrightable? The answer depends on what ratings are. As a history of copyright in ratings shows, some courts treat them as unoriginal facts, some treat them as creative opinions, and some treat them as troubling self-fulfilling prophecies. The push and pull among these three theories explains why ratings are such a difficult boundary case for copyright, both doctrinally and theoretically. The fact-opinion tension creates a perverse incentive for raters: the less useful a rating, the more copyrightable it looks. Self-fulfilling ratings are the most troubling of all: copyright’s usual balance between incentives and access becomes indeterminate when ratings …

Campaign Disclosure And Tax-Exempt Entities: A Quick Repair To The Regulatory Plumbing, Donald B. Tobin

Faculty Scholarship

This article argues that there are some quick regulatory fixes the Treasury can implement to ensure that tax-exempt organizations are operating within the rules and that aggressive tax planning is not being used as a way to obfuscate rules for political organizations requiring disclosure. The article recommends that Treasury promulgate new regulations to require disclosure by tax-exempt entities of expenditures and contributions in excess of $25,000. The article also proposes that Treasury institute procedures to require tax-exempt organizations to file for exempt status, and to provide procedures for ensuring that these organizations meet the requirements in the statute and are …

Compromised Osseous Healing Of Dental Extraction Sites In Zoledronic Acid-Treated Dogs., M. R. Allen, D. J. Kubek, D. B. Burr, S. L. Ruggiero, T. M. G. Chu

Journal Articles

UNLABELLED: The goal of this study was to document how treatment with high doses of zoledronic acid affects dental extraction healing. Our results, showing significantly compromised osseous healing within the socket as well as presence of exposed bone and development of a sequestrum in one animal, provide a building block toward understanding osteonecrosis of the jaw.

PURPOSE: The goal of this study was to document how treatment with a bisphosphonate affects the bone tissue following dental extraction.

METHODS: Skeletally mature female beagle dogs were either untreated controls (CON) or treated with intravenous zoledronic acid (ZOL). Following the extraction of the …

Microrna-183 Family Expression In Hair Cell Development And Requirement Of Micrornas For Hair Cell Maintenance And Survival, Michael D. Weston, Marsha L. Pierce, Heather Jensen Smith, Bernd Fritzsch, Sonia Rocha-Sanchez, Kirk W. Beisel, Garrett A. Soukup

Journal Articles: Eppley Institute

MicroRNAs (miRNAs) post-transcriptionally repress complementary target gene expression and can contribute to cell differentiation. The coordinate expression of miRNA-183 family members (miR-183, miR-96, and miR-182) has been demonstrated in sensory cells of the mouse inner ear and other vertebrate sensory organs. To further examine hair cell miRNA expression in the mouse inner ear, we have analyzed miR-183 family expression in wild type animals and various mutants with defects in neurosensory development. miR-183 family member expression follows neurosensory cell specification, exhibits longitudinal (basal-apical) gradients in maturating cochlear hair cells, and is maintained in sensory neurons and most hair cells into adulthood. …

Infection Connection, Lehigh Valley Health Network

Infection Connection

No abstract provided.

Inspire, Lehigh Valley Health Network

Inspire

No abstract provided.

The Reproductive Performance Of Wild And Hatchery-Reared Flounder, Platichthys Flesus Luscus, In The Southern Black Sea Coast, İlhan Aydin, Temel Şahi̇n, Hamza Polat, Erdi̇nç Güneş

Turkish Journal of Zoology

The spawning period, total fecundity, egg size, and fertilization and hatching rates of wild and hatchery-reared flounder, Platichthys flesus luscus, are investigated in this report. Wild and hatchery-reared broodstock consisted of 18 females (452.8 ± 193.2 g) and 17 females (138.9 ± 47.4 g), respectively. The spawning period lasted 79 days, from 22 January to 10 April. Mean total fecundity was 285 ± 157.9 × 10^3 per female for wild broodstock while it was 115.6 ± 53.6 × 10^3 eggs for hatchery-reared broodstock. The fertilization and hatching rates were 38.2 ± 17.0% and 62.3 ± 24.1% for wild and 45.3 …

Age And Growth Of Albacore (Thunnus Alalunga Bonnaterre, 1788) From The Eastern Mediterranean, Fi̇rdes Saadet Karakulak, Eli̇f Özgür, Mehmet Gökoğlu, İbrahi̇m Tamer Emecan, Alparslan Başkaya

Turkish Journal of Zoology

This study was designed to characterize the growth parameters of the albacore, Thunnus alalunga, in the eastern Mediterranean. A total of 819 albacore specimens were collected from gillnet boats operating in Antalya Bay (in the Levantine Sea) between May and July from 2006 to 2008. Individuals were all between 55 and 101 cm in fork length (FL). The fork length was directly proportional to weight, with a relationship of W = 0.00042FL^{2.246} for females, W = 0.00022FL^{2.396} for males, and W = 0.00016FL^{2.467} for males and females combined. Negatively allometric growth was observed in all individuals. Age and growth were …

The Use Of Otolith Length And Weight Measurements In Age Estimations Of Three Gobiidae Species (Deltentosteus Quadrimaculatus, Gobius Niger, And Lesueurigobius Friesii), Akin Türker İlkyaz, Gülnur Meti̇n, Hasan Tuncay Kinacigi̇l

Turkish Journal of Zoology

Age estimations were made using otolith length and weight measurements from 3 goby species in the central Aegean Sea: the four-spotted goby (Deltentosteus quadrimaculatus Valenciennes, 1837), the black goby (Gobius niger Linnaeus, 1758), and Fries's goby (Lesueurigobius friesii Malm, 1874). A total of 266 individual four-spotted gobies, 283 black gobies, and 124 Fries's gobies provided otolith samples for analysis. The relationships between fish age and otolith length and fish age and otolith weight were determined, as were the relationships between total length and otolith length and total length and otolith weight. Results indicated that the relationship between fish age and …

Seasonal Patterns Of The Zooplankton Community In The Shallow, Brackish Liman Lake In Kızılırmak Delta, Turkey, Yasemi̇n Saygi, Ertunç Gündüz, Fatma Yildiz Demi̇rkalp, Seli̇m Süalp Çağlar

Turkish Journal of Zoology

The present study reports on the zooplankton community in Liman Lake based on field studies carried out between October 2002 and March 2004. A total of 35 zooplankton taxa, belonging to Rotifera (28), Cladocera (5), and Copepoda (2), were identified. Rotifera was the dominant group in all sampling surveys and accounted for 97% of the zooplankton density in the lake. The average total zooplankton abundance ranged from 993 to 476,912 ind/m3. The maximum and the minimum densities were measured in April and August of 2003, respectively. Seasonal fluctuations of zooplankton found in the current study disagreed with the Plankton Ecology …

A Comparison Of The Fatty Acid Composition Of The Phospholipid And Neutral Lipid Of Unio Elongatulus (Bourguignat, 1860) (Bivalvia: Unionidae) Mussels From 4 Different Localities In Southeastern Anatolia, Turkey, İhsan Eki̇n, Mehmet Başhan, Ridvan Şeşen

Turkish Journal of Zoology

The quantitative and qualitative fatty acid compositions of phospholipid and neutral lipid were investigated and compared for specimens of the freshwater mussel Unio elongatulus. Samples were collected from 4 different localities in Turkey: Çağçağ Brook in Nusaybin (Mardin), Fabrika Brook in Çınar (Diyarbakır), the Tigris River under the Sadi Bridge (Diyarbakır), and Kırkçeşme Spring in Sultanköy (Mardin). Phospholipids and neutral lipids of the mussels' whole tissues were fractionated by thin layer chromatography (TLC) and fatty acid analyses were done by gas chromatography (GC) and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). Both in the phospholipid and neutral lipid fractions, C16:0 (17.20%-22.17%), C16:1\omega7 (9.21%-15.31%), …

Invasion Of Freshwater Bodies In The Marmara Region (Northwestern Turkey) By Nonnative Gibel Carp, Carassius Gibelio (Bloch, 1782), Hamdi̇ Aydin, Özcan Gaygusuz, Ali̇ Serhan Tarkan, Ni̇ldeni̇z Top, Özgür Emi̇roğlu, Çi̇ğdem Gürsoy Gaygusuz

Turkish Journal of Zoology

The aim of this study was to learn the invasion speed and sex ratio, which would be indicative of invasive character, of a nonnative fish species, gibel carp, by reporting its new localities in the Marmara region of northwestern Turkey. Whether the occurrence of gibel carp in freshwater bodies of the Marmara region was random (i.e. chance element) was tested. The question of population increase since first introduction was also examined. Among 14 new locations for gibel carp found during this study, the majority were in mostly lentic ecosystems. The invasion rate of gibel carp in the Marmara region, since …

Karyotype, Nors, And C-Banding Analysis Of Pseudophoxinus Firati Bogutskaya, Küçük & Atalay, 2007 (Actinopterygii, Cyprinidae) In The Euphrates River, Turkey, Muradi̇ye Karasu, Eşref Yüksel, Muhammet Gaffaroğlu

Turkish Journal of Zoology

Pseudophoxinus firati Bogutskaya, Küçük & Atalay, 2007 (Actinopterygii, Cyprinidae) living in the Euphrates River system were analyzed in terms of their karyotype, C-banding, and nucleolus organizer region properties. Metaphase chromosome spreads were obtained from kidney cells. The diploid chromosome number was found to be 2n = 50, of which 19 pairs were meta-submetacentric and 6 pairs were subtelocentric, and the fundamental number was found to be 88. No sex chromosome differentiation was observed. C-banding revealed heterochromatin in the pericentromeric regions of 6 pairs of chromosomes. NORs were identified on the short arms of 2 pairs of medium-sized submeta-subtelocentric chromosomes. This …

The Occurrence Of Helminth Parasites (Nemathelminthes) In Some Freshwater Fish From Streams Discharging Into Antalya Bay In Antalya, Turkey: Two New Host Records From Antalya, Ali̇ Aydoğdu, Yilmaz Emre, Nesri̇n Emre, Fayik Naci̇ Altunel

Turkish Journal of Zoology

A total of 65 individuals from 3 different fish species, Capoeta antalyensis (n: 15), Aphanius mento (n: 29), and Pseudophoxinus battalgil (n: 21), were examined for helminth parasites (Nemathelminthes) between May and July of 2009. A total of 123 parasites of 3 species were found in these fish, consisting of 3 nematodes: Rhabdochona denudata, Eustrongylides excisus larvae, and Contracaecum sp. larvae. Among these species, R. denudata was recorded in the intestine of C. antalyensis, with a total of 92 parasites found in 13 of the 15 C. antalyensis examined. The overall prevalence of this species was 86.6%. Two further species …

Road Mortality Of Amphibians And Reptiles In The Anatolian Part Of Turkey, Cemal Varol Tok, Di̇nçer Ayaz, Keri̇m Çi̇çek

Turkish Journal of Zoology

The amphibian and reptile specimens, crushed due to vehicle traffic, were recorded during herpetological trips to various regions of Anatolia between 2005 and 2009. In total, 183 individuals were detected, representing 28 species from 4 amphibian [Salamandridae (1), Ranidae (3), Bufonidae (2), and Hylidae (2)], 3 turtle [Testudinidae (1), Emydidae (1), and Geoemydidae (2)], 3 lizard [Agamidae (1), Anguidae (2), and Lacertidae (5)] and 2 snake [Colubridae (6) and Viperidae (2)] families. The measures required for decreasing herpetofaunal mortalities due to traffic are emphasized.

Determination Of Esterase Enzyme Polymorphism In House Fly (Musca Domestica L.) Populations In Turkey, Vatan Taşkin, Belgi̇n Göçmen Taşkin, Köksal Küçükakyüz, Meral Kence

Turkish Journal of Zoology

The objective of this study was to determine esterase enzyme polymorphism in 16 natural Musca domestica L. populations from the Aegean and Mediterranean regions of Turkey by using the native polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (PAGE) technique. The high level of genetic variation among populations and species make esterase enzymes an important tool for analyzing genetic differentiation and evolutionary relationships in insects. In the present study, 22 \alpha-esterase bands were detected by using \alpha-naphthylacetate as a substrate. The frequencies of these bands were variable within and among populations. Neither regional nor population specific esterase bands were detected. The origin of speciation of …

Roosting Of Tree Sparrow (Passer Montanus) And House Sparrow (Passer Domesticus) In White Stork (Ciconia Ciconia) Nests During Winter, Marcin Tobolka

Turkish Journal of Zoology

Presented are the results of a preliminary study on wintering and roosting sparrows in white stork nests. The study was conducted in the winters of 2005/2006 and 2006/2007 in the agricultural landscape of western Poland. Wintering sparrows occupied 71% of the white stork nests on at least 1 visit; tree sparrows occurred in 27% of the nests at least once and house sparrows occurred in 66% of the nests at least once. No relationship was found between weather conditions, date, age, or size of the white stork nests and the number of sparrows roosting in them. This may have to …

Range Extension And Translocation For Rhodeus Amarus (Bloch, 1782) (Actinopterygii: Cyprinidae) In Northwestern Iran, Hamid Reza Esmaeili, Narges Nazari, Ali Gholamifard, Ghorbanali Gholamhosseini, Azad Teimory, Brian W. Coad

Turkish Journal of Zoology

Based on the new fish collection, the distribution range of the European bitterling, Rhodeus amarus (Bloch, 1782), is extended to a new basin (Urmia) in northwestern Iran.

Two New Host Records For Pomphorhynchus Laevis (Müller, 1776) (Acanthocephala) Recorded From Antalya, Turkey: Small Bleak (Alburnus Baliki Bogutskaya, Küçük & Ünlü, 2000) And Antalya Barb (Capoeta Antalyensis Battalgil, 1944), Ali̇ Aydoğdu, Yilmaz Emre, Nesri̇n Emre, Fahretti̇n Küçük

Turkish Journal of Zoology

Acanthocephalan Pomphorhynchus laevis specimens are reported in Alburnus baliki and Capoeta antalyensis caught between May and July of 2009 in streams discharging into Antalya Bay. The total prevalence rate for P. laevis was 78.5% and 60% in A. baliki and C. antalyensis, respectively. A total of 28 A. baliki were caught, and 74 P. laevis were recorded in 22 of the 28 fish examined. As for the occurrence of P. laevis in C. antalyensis, a total of 15 fish were caught, and a total of 25 individuals were found in 9 of the 15 fish examined. This finding constitutes the …

Microphthalma Europaea Egger (Diptera: Tachinidae), A New Record For Turkey, Mehmet Karagöz, Sadi̇ Aksu, Celaletti̇n Gözüaçik, Kenan Kara

Turkish Journal of Zoology

Microphthalma europaea Egger (Diptera: Tachinidae) is recorded as a parasitoid of the last instar larvae of Polyphylla fullo (Linnaeus) (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae). The adult male and female were used for identification, and this is the first known record of this species in Turkey. This is also a first report of a tachinid obtained from scarabaeid larvae in Turkey.

First Record Of Bilusius Valiko Logvinenko, 1974 (Hemiptera, Cicadomorpha, Cicadellidae) From Turkey, With Redescription Of The Species, Murat Karavi̇n, Ünal Zeybekoğlu, Veysel Kartal

Turkish Journal of Zoology

The genus Bilusius Ribaut, 1942 includes 3 species; 2 are from the Pyrenees and 1 is from the Caucasus (Georgia). This study reports both the genus Bilusius and the species Bilusius valiko Logvinenko, 1974, which are recorded here for the first time from Turkey. This species is redescribed and figured by examination of specimens collected from northeastern Turkey.

Zelleria Oleastrella (Milliere) (Lepidoptera: Yponomeutidae), A New Record For The Fauna Of Turkey, Gülay Kaçar, Mehmet Ri̇fat Ulusoy

Turkish Journal of Zoology

Zelleria oleastrella (Milliere), a monophagous pest on olive trees, was recorded for the first time in Turkey. The pest was collected from olive orchards in the eastern Mediterranean region of Turkey in 2008 and 2009. Its general distribution is presented.

Annual Report (2011): Statistical Report And Physician Referral Guide, Lehigh Valley Health Network

LVHN Annual & Statistical Reports

No abstract provided.

Division Of Research And Economic Development Annual Report For Fy2011, Uri Division Of Research And Economic Development

Reports (Research and Economic Development)

Annual report for the Division of Research and Economic Development of the University of Rhode Island for the year 2010-2011.

Includes statistics of project proposals, expenditures, URI Foundation Awards, previous annual report summaries and awards received by individual academic and administrative departments.

Division Of Research And Economic Development Monthly Report For February 2011, Uri Division Of Research And Economic Development

Reports (Research and Economic Development)

The monthly reports include statistics for project proposals and awards received by individual academic and administrative departments at the University of Rhode Island.

Division Of Research And Economic Development Monthly Report For March 2011, Uri Division Of Research And Economic Development

Reports (Research and Economic Development)

The monthly reports include statistics for project proposals and awards received by individual academic and administrative departments at the University of Rhode Island.

Division Of Research And Economic Development Monthly Report For January 2011, Uri Division Of Research And Economic Development

Reports (Research and Economic Development)

The monthly reports include statistics for project proposals and awards received by individual academic and administrative departments at the University of Rhode Island.