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2010

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The Abl And Arg Non-Receptor Tyrosine Kinases Regulate Different Zones Of Stress Fiber, Focal Adhesion, And Contractile Network Localization In Spreading Fibroblasts, Justin G. Peacock, Brian A. Couch, Anthony J. Koleske Jan 2010

The Abl And Arg Non-Receptor Tyrosine Kinases Regulate Different Zones Of Stress Fiber, Focal Adhesion, And Contractile Network Localization In Spreading Fibroblasts, Justin G. Peacock, Brian A. Couch, Anthony J. Koleske

School of Biological Sciences: Faculty Publications

Directed cell migration requires precise spatial control of F-actin-based leading edge protrusion, focal adhesion (FA) dynamics, and actomyosin contractility. In spreading fibroblasts, the Abl family kinases, Abl and Arg, primarily localize to the nucleus and cell periphery, respectively. Here we provide evidence that Abl and Arg exert different spatial regulation on cellular contractile and adhesive structures. Loss of Abl function reduces FA, F-actin, and phosphorylated myosin light chain (pMLC) staining at the cell periphery, shifting the distribution of these elements more to the center of the cell than in wild-type (WT) and arg—/— cells. Conversely, loss of Arg function …

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Mitochondrial-Nuclear Epistasis Affects Fitness Within Species But Does Not Contribute To Fixed Incompatibilities Between Species Of Drosophila, Kristi L. Montooth, Colin D. Meiklejohn, Dawn N. Abt, David M. Rand Jan 2010

Mitochondrial-Nuclear Epistasis Affects Fitness Within Species But Does Not Contribute To Fixed Incompatibilities Between Species Of Drosophila, Kristi L. Montooth, Colin D. Meiklejohn, Dawn N. Abt, David M. Rand

School of Biological Sciences: Faculty Publications

Efficient mitochondrial function requires physical interactions between the proteins encoded by the mitochondrial and nuclear genomes. Co-evolution between these genomes may result in the accumulation of incompatibilities between divergent lineages. We test whether mitochondrialnuclear incompatibilities have accumulated within the Drosophila melanogaster species subgroup by combining divergent mitochondrial and nuclear lineages and quantifying the effects on relative fitness. Precise placement of nine mtDNAs from D. melanogaster, D. simulans and D. mauritiana into two D. melanogaster nuclear genetic backgrounds reveals significant mitochondrial-nuclear epistasis affecting fitness in females. Combining the mitochondrial genomes with three different D. melanogaster X chromosomes reveals significant epistasis …

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Synaptic Clustering Of Psd-95 Is Regulated By C-Abl Through Tyrosine Phosphorylation, Karen Perez De Arce, Lorena Varela-Nallar, Olivia Farias, Alejandra Cifuentes, Paulina Bull, Brian A. Couch, Anthony J. Koleske, Nibaldo C. Inestrosa, Alejandra R. Alvarez Jan 2010

Synaptic Clustering Of Psd-95 Is Regulated By C-Abl Through Tyrosine Phosphorylation, Karen Perez De Arce, Lorena Varela-Nallar, Olivia Farias, Alejandra Cifuentes, Paulina Bull, Brian A. Couch, Anthony J. Koleske, Nibaldo C. Inestrosa, Alejandra R. Alvarez

School of Biological Sciences: Faculty Publications

The c-Abl tyrosine kinase is present in mouse brain synapses, but its precise synaptic function is unknown. We found that c-Abl levels in the rat hippocampus increase postnatally, with expression peaking at the first postnatal week. In 14 d in vitro hippocampal neuron cultures, c-Abl localizes primarily to the postsynaptic compartment, in which it colocalizes with the postsynaptic scaffold protein postsynaptic density protein-95 (PSD-95) in apposition to presynaptic markers. c-Abl associates with PSD-95, and chemical or genetic inhibition of c-Abl kinase activity reduces PSD-95 tyrosine phosphorylation, leading to reduced PSD-95 clustering and reduced synapses in treated neurons. c-Abl can phosphorylate …

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Compositions And Methods For Controlling Plant Parasitic Nematodes, Harold N. Trick, Judith L. Roe, Timothy C. Todd, Michael A. Herman Jan 2010

Compositions And Methods For Controlling Plant Parasitic Nematodes, Harold N. Trick, Judith L. Roe, Timothy C. Todd, Michael A. Herman

School of Biological Sciences: Faculty Publications

The present invention relates to compositions and methods for controlling nematode infestation of plants. In particular, the present invention provides vectors comprising sequences designed to control nematodes by RNA interference (RNAi) and transgenic plants transformed with Such vectors.

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Phenotypic Plasticity And Genetic Adaptation To High-Altitude Hypoxia In Vertebrates, Jay F. Storz, Graham R. Scott, Zachary A. Cheviron Jan 2010

Phenotypic Plasticity And Genetic Adaptation To High-Altitude Hypoxia In Vertebrates, Jay F. Storz, Graham R. Scott, Zachary A. Cheviron

Jay F. Storz Publications

High-altitude environments provide ideal testing grounds for investigations of mechanism and process in physiological adaptation. In vertebrates, much of our understanding of the acclimatization response to high-altitude hypoxia derives from studies of animal species that are native to lowland environments. Such studies can indicate whether phenotypic plasticity will generally facilitate or impede adaptation to high altitude. Here, we review general mechanisms of physiological acclimatization and genetic adaptation to high-altitude hypoxia in birds and mammals. We evaluate whether the acclimatization response to environmental hypoxia can be regarded generally as a mechanism of adaptive phenotypic plasticity, or whether it might sometimes represent …

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Genetic Differences In Hemoglobin Function Between Highland And Lowland Deer Mice, Jay F. Storz, Amy M. Runck, Hideaki Moriyama, Roy E. Weber, Angela Fago Jan 2010

Genetic Differences In Hemoglobin Function Between Highland And Lowland Deer Mice, Jay F. Storz, Amy M. Runck, Hideaki Moriyama, Roy E. Weber, Angela Fago

Jay F. Storz Publications

In high-altitude vertebrates, adaptive changes in blood–O2 affinity may be mediated by modifications of hemoglobin (Hb) structure that affect intrinsic O2 affinity and/or responsiveness to allosteric effectors that modulate Hb–O2 affinity. This mode of genotypic specialization is considered typical of mammalian species that are high-altitude natives. Here we investigated genetically based differences in Hb–O2 affinity between highland and lowland populations of the deer mouse (Peromyscus maniculatus), a generalist species that has the broadest altitudinal distribution of any North American mammal. The results of a combined genetic and proteomic analysis revealed that deer mice harbor …

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Search For The Standard Model Higgs Boson In The Zh → ΝνBb Channel In 5.2 Fb-1 Of Pp Collisions At √S = 1.96 Tev, V. M. Abazov, Kenneth A. Bloom, Gregory Snow, D0 Collaboration Jan 2010

Search For The Standard Model Higgs Boson In The Zh → ΝνBb Channel In 5.2 Fb-1 Of Pp Collisions At √S = 1.96 Tev, V. M. Abazov, Kenneth A. Bloom, Gregory Snow, D0 Collaboration

Kenneth Bloom Publications

A search is performed for the standard model Higgs boson in 5.2 fb-1 of pp collisions at √s = 1.96 TeV, collected with the D0 detector at the Fermilab Tevatron Collider. The final state considered is a pair of b jets and large missing transverse energy, as expected from pp → ZH → ννbb production. The search is also sensitive to the WH → ℓνbb channel when the charged lepton is not identified. For a Higgs boson mass of 115 GeV, a limit is set at the 95% C.L. on the cross section multiplied by branching …

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Search For The Associated Production Of A B Quark And A Neutral Supersymmetric Higgs Boson That Decays Into Τ Pairs, V. M. Abazov, Kenneth A. Bloom, Gregory Snow, D0 Collaboration Jan 2010

Search For The Associated Production Of A B Quark And A Neutral Supersymmetric Higgs Boson That Decays Into Τ Pairs, V. M. Abazov, Kenneth A. Bloom, Gregory Snow, D0 Collaboration

Kenneth Bloom Publications

We report results from a search for production of a neutral Higgs boson in association with a b quark. We search for Higgs decays to τ pairs with one τ subsequently decaying to a muon and the other to hadrons. The data correspond to 2.7 fb-1 of pp collisions recorded by the D0 detector at √s = 1.96 TeV. The data are found to be consistent with background predictions. The result allows us to exclude a significant region of parameter space of the minimal supersymmetric model.

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Debugging Data Transfers In Cms, G. Gagliesi, S. J. Belforte, Kenneth A. Bloom, B. Bockelman, D. Bonacorsi, I. Fisk, J. Flix, J. Hernandez, J. D'Hondt, M. Kadastik, J. Klem, O. Kodolova, C.-M. Kuo, J. Letts, J. Maes, N. Magini, S. Metson, J. Piedra, N. Pukhaeva, L. Turra, S. Sõnajalg, Y. Wu, P. Van Mulders, I. Villella, F. Würthwein Jan 2010

Debugging Data Transfers In Cms, G. Gagliesi, S. J. Belforte, Kenneth A. Bloom, B. Bockelman, D. Bonacorsi, I. Fisk, J. Flix, J. Hernandez, J. D'Hondt, M. Kadastik, J. Klem, O. Kodolova, C.-M. Kuo, J. Letts, J. Maes, N. Magini, S. Metson, J. Piedra, N. Pukhaeva, L. Turra, S. Sõnajalg, Y. Wu, P. Van Mulders, I. Villella, F. Würthwein

Kenneth Bloom Publications

The CMS experiment at CERN is preparing for LHC data taking in several
computing preparation activities. In early 2007 a traffic load generator infrastructure for distributed data transfer tests was designed and deployed to equip the WLCG tiers which support the CMS virtual organization with a means for debugging, load-testing and commissioning data transfer routes among CMS computing centres. The LoadTest is based upon PhEDEx as a reliable, scalable data set replication system. The Debugging Data Transfers (DDT) task force was created to coordinate the debugging of the data transfer links. The task force aimed to commission most crucial transfer …

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Purification Of Parvalbumin From Carp: A Protocol That Avoids Heat Treatment, Stef J. Koppelman, Roland A. Romijn, Harmen H. J. De Jongh, Julie A. Nordlee, Sander Piersma, Martin Hessing, Steve L. Taylor Jan 2010

Purification Of Parvalbumin From Carp: A Protocol That Avoids Heat Treatment, Stef J. Koppelman, Roland A. Romijn, Harmen H. J. De Jongh, Julie A. Nordlee, Sander Piersma, Martin Hessing, Steve L. Taylor

Department of Food Science and Technology: Faculty Publications

Parvalbumin from carp, a major allergen,was purified to homogeneity using ion exchange chromatography and size exclusion chromatography (estimated purity > 95% to 98% based on SDS-PAGE and native PAGE) with a yield of 318 mg, and a number of basic biochemical characteristics were determined. The identity was confirmed by peptide-mass fingerprinting, and IgE-binding was demonstrated. The UV/Vis absorbance spectra were explained using the previously published amino acid sequences. Far UV-CD spectroscopy was used to confirm the folding character of parvalbumin. We conclude that parvalbumin from carp can be purified on a comparatively large (hundreds of milligrams) scale using a purification protocol …

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Tuberculosis Vaccine, Mohammed A. Sarhan Jan 2010

Tuberculosis Vaccine, Mohammed A. Sarhan

Saudi Medical Journal

Tuberculosis (TB) is still one of the leading causes of death from a single infectious agent, killing 1.6 million people each year, mostly in developing countries. The existing vaccines, Bacille Calmette and Guerin (BCG), are efficient in preventing the most severe disseminated forms of disease in children and newborns, but its efficacy against active TB in adults has been challenged by several clinical studies. It is a common opinion that only the development of a new and more effective vaccine against TB would significantly ease the deadly disease. In recent years, looking for a new vaccine or an improved TB …

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Expression Of Sonic Hedgehog Signaling Pathways In A Rat Model Of Chronic Pancreatitis, Hu Wei-Guo, Liao Xi-Wang, Lu Qi-Ping Jan 2010

Expression Of Sonic Hedgehog Signaling Pathways In A Rat Model Of Chronic Pancreatitis, Hu Wei-Guo, Liao Xi-Wang, Lu Qi-Ping

Saudi Medical Journal

OBJECTIVE: To establish a rat model of chronic pancreatitis, and to prove the activation of sonic hedgehog (SHH) signaling pathways in chronic pancreatitis. METHODS: This study was conducted between January and July 2008 in the Department of General Surgery, Wuhan General Hospital, Guangzhou Military Command, Wuhan, China. Thirty Wistar rats were randomly divided into 3 groups: control group (A), experimental control group (B), and model group (C) (10 rats in each group). Trinitrobenzene sulfonic acid was infused into the pancreatic duct to induce chronic pancreatitis in the model group rats. In the experimental control group, we opened the abdominal cavity …

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Efficacy Of Infliximab On The Acute Attack Of Uveitis, Fahdah Alokaily, Sulaiman Alsaleh, Maryseon Al-Balawi, Seham Al-Rashidi Jan 2010

Efficacy Of Infliximab On The Acute Attack Of Uveitis, Fahdah Alokaily, Sulaiman Alsaleh, Maryseon Al-Balawi, Seham Al-Rashidi

Saudi Medical Journal

Uveitis is one of the major features of behcet9s disease with relapse and remission pattern. Severe presentation can be resistant to the conventional treatment. Steroid has been used in the treatment of acute behcet9s uveitis, although it especially has its own ocular complications when used in large doses. We describe to patients presented with acute uveitis while on treatment, uveitis was controlled by adding anti-tumor necrosis factor (TNF) and Infliximab.

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They Die Slowly, Alessandro Brunetti, Fleet Library, Special Collections, Jan Baker Jan 2010

They Die Slowly, Alessandro Brunetti, Fleet Library, Special Collections, Jan Baker

Letters

This book was completed for Jan Baker's artists' book class, Printed Books.

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Margaret, Elizabeth, Emma Canfield, Fleet Library, Special Collections, Jan Baker Jan 2010

Margaret, Elizabeth, Emma Canfield, Fleet Library, Special Collections, Jan Baker

Stories

This book was completed for Jan Baker's artists' book class, Printed Books.

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Raising The Supine Dome, Amy Borezo, Special Collections, Fleet Library Jan 2010

Raising The Supine Dome, Amy Borezo, Special Collections, Fleet Library

Artists' Books

Double-sided accordion book. Text and illustrations printed on one side of board; white grid on gray background printed on reverse. Numerous cutouts reveal printed grid. Bound in gray paper-covered boards; in cloth-covered slip case, as issued. "Raising the supine dome, by Amy Borezo. Printed in an edition of 20 on Holyoke Fine Paper from 14 point Caslon hand-set metal type and photopolymer plates at Dartmouth College, Hanover, NH in the fall of 2010. Titles set in Futura. Binding inspired by Deborah Howe's screen book."--colophon. Double-sided accordion book. Text and illustrations printed on one side of board; white grid on gray …

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It As A Resource For Competitive Agility: An Analysis Of Firm Performance During Industry Turbulence, Shoshana Altschuller, David S. Gelb, Theresa F. Henry Jan 2010

It As A Resource For Competitive Agility: An Analysis Of Firm Performance During Industry Turbulence, Shoshana Altschuller, David S. Gelb, Theresa F. Henry

Journal of International Technology and Information Management

In an increasingly fast-paced business context, agility is crucial to firm performance. Competitive agility, the ability of a firm to rapidly sense and respond to changes in its environment, is especially important during industry turbulence. This research examines whether investment in Information Technology (IT) enhances firms’ competitive agility using analysis of firm performance during industry growth and contraction. The research approach addresses the causality question faced by previous IT productivity studies by focusing on ex-ante IT investment and subsequent firm performance during periods of unanticipated industry shocks. Findings indicate that IT investment enhances competitive agility but only in industries with …

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A Framework For Identifying And Understanding Risks In Information Technology Projects, Jack T. Marchewka Jan 2010

A Framework For Identifying And Understanding Risks In Information Technology Projects, Jack T. Marchewka

Journal of International Technology and Information Management

Managing the costs, complexity, and risks of IT projects continues to be a challenge for many organizations. Project risk management is becoming an important sub-discipline of software engineering, and focuses on identifying, analyzing, and developing strategies for responding to project risk efficiently and effectively. This paper presents an IT project risk identification framework to facilitate identifying and understanding various project risks as part of an overall project risk management process. The proposed framework should be of interest to IT practitioners during the creation of the project plan and over the course of a project so that appropriate and corrective actions …

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An Integrative Conceptual Model Of Vietnam As An Emerging Destination For Offshore Outsourcing Of Software Development For Finnish Companies, Nazmun Nahar, Linh Kuivanen Jan 2010

An Integrative Conceptual Model Of Vietnam As An Emerging Destination For Offshore Outsourcing Of Software Development For Finnish Companies, Nazmun Nahar, Linh Kuivanen

Journal of International Technology and Information Management

Companies are constantly under pressure to develop software within tight budgets and more efficiently. Offshore outsourcing has been seen as one solution to the dilemma, and lucrative outsourcing businesses have evolved in many countries. Vietnam is now emerging within this global outsourcing sector. This study conducts an in-depth literature review and analyzes a number of important issues related to developing countries in general and Vietnam in particular, as an offshore outsourcing destination for Finnish companies for developing their software. From the analysis, an integrative conceptual model of software development through offshore outsourcing was developed. The study found challenges as well …

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Technological-Personal-Environmental (Tpe) Framework: A Conceptual Model For Technology Acceptance At The Individual Level, Yijun Jiang, Dongyu Chen, Fujun Lai Jan 2010

Technological-Personal-Environmental (Tpe) Framework: A Conceptual Model For Technology Acceptance At The Individual Level, Yijun Jiang, Dongyu Chen, Fujun Lai

Journal of International Technology and Information Management

This paper describes the development of the Technological-Personal-Environmental (TPE) framework, which explains individuals’ behaviors of technology acceptance. We argue that existing individual-level technology acceptance theories provide a valuable, but incomplete, understanding of individuals’ technology acceptance. By synthesizing extant technology acceptance models and theories, the proposed TPE delineates the individual-level technology acceptance from technological, personal, and environmental aspects. The proposed framework provides a wider angle to investigate individual-level technology acceptance.

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Leadership Characteristics And Team Outcomes In The Development Of A Marketing Web Page, Garry L. White, Karen H. Smith Jan 2010

Leadership Characteristics And Team Outcomes In The Development Of A Marketing Web Page, Garry L. White, Karen H. Smith

Journal of International Technology and Information Management

Team structures are changing under the pressures of e-commerce and globalization. Today teams have to manage the challenges of working across functional boundaries, such as marketing and web development. In such an environment, research in the disciplines of management and psychology have found that shared leadership among team members may be superior to traditional leadership by a single team member, but this notion has not been tested in the contexts of marketing and web development. This paper presents the results of an empirical study showing that teams with shared leadership exhibited better performance and greater member satisfaction than teams with …

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An Excel Planning And Teaching Decision Aid For Bonner's Conceptual Framework, Freddie Choo, Kim Tan Jan 2010

An Excel Planning And Teaching Decision Aid For Bonner's Conceptual Framework, Freddie Choo, Kim Tan

Journal of International Technology and Information Management

Bonner (1999, 2008) prescribes a conceptual framework entitled “Choosing teaching methods based on learning objectives: An integrative framework” to plan and teach accounting. Bonner’s conceptual framework involves a holistic-mapping-process in which an instructor holistically maps a set of accounting learning objectives (ALO), general learning objectives (GLO), necessary conditions (NC), and teaching methods (TM). The scope of this paper is aimed at developing an Excel planning and teaching decision aid (EDA) for Bonner’s holistic-mapping- process. This EDA neither replaces nor supplants the conventional judgment-based planning and teaching process. By presenting and making the EDA available, perhaps accounting information systems researchers will …

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Use Of A Fast Information Extraction Method As A Decision Support Tool, Mahmudul Sheikh, Sumali Conlon Jan 2010

Use Of A Fast Information Extraction Method As A Decision Support Tool, Mahmudul Sheikh, Sumali Conlon

Journal of International Technology and Information Management

Ad-hoc extraction of information from documents can ensure the transparency of decisions made by an organization. Different Information Extraction methods have been applied to extract information from various domains. Most widely known methods use manually annotated training documents that require high development time. The automated training methods are not scalable to large application domains. We have developed a semi-automated knowledge-engineering method for building the knowledge-base with minimal efforts. Because our method reduces manual processing of the training data, the development process is very fast. We have developed a prototype application to extract information from the project-reports of the American Recovery …

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A Framework For Analyzing Business Model Innovation In Mobile Commerce, Chung-Shing Lee, Jonathan C. Ho Jan 2010

A Framework For Analyzing Business Model Innovation In Mobile Commerce, Chung-Shing Lee, Jonathan C. Ho

Journal of International Technology and Information Management

The paper develops and tests a framework for evaluating mobile commerce business models and strategies. To study business model innovation in mobile commerce, we analyze the cost, revenue, and growth components of the business model. In addition, we also investigate whether the implementation of the new business model successfully capitalized on the key disruptive attributes of mobile commerce. An analytical framework is developed to guide the empirical study of the two leading mobile commerce companies in Taiwan. The empirical research indicates that the mobile commerce industry in Taiwan has been able to capitalize on many but not all of the …

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Optimal Equipment Replacement And Scrapping Under Improving Technology, George C. Bitros, Natali Hritonenko, Yuri Yatsenko Jan 2010

Optimal Equipment Replacement And Scrapping Under Improving Technology, George C. Bitros, Natali Hritonenko, Yuri Yatsenko

Journal of International Technology and Information Management

The rational replacement management of hi-tech equipment is an important problem of technology management. This paper analyzes and compares two alternative policies for determining the service life and replacement demand of industrial equipment under improving technology. These policies lead to different estimates of the impact of new technology on the replacement policies and equipment service life.

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Information Technology Certification Value: An Initial Response From Employers, David Wiershem, Guoying Zhang, Charles R. Johnston Jan 2010

Information Technology Certification Value: An Initial Response From Employers, David Wiershem, Guoying Zhang, Charles R. Johnston

Journal of International Technology and Information Management

This article looks at the value of certification from the employer's perspective. It is perhaps the first study in this area that gathers data directly from employers. A survey of directors of university information technology departments is analyzed, and the results indicate limited support for certifications being valued assets of their employees. While not sufficiently strong enough to warrant generalization of the results to business in general, with this information, students and professionals should be able to better prepare themselves for finding employment and academic programs can better evaluate the appropriateness of the inclusion of certification training in their curricula.

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Lip Movement Exaggerations During Infant Directed Speech, Jordan R. Green, Ignatius S. B. Nip, Erin M. Wilson, Antje Mefferd, Yana Yunusova Jan 2010

Lip Movement Exaggerations During Infant Directed Speech, Jordan R. Green, Ignatius S. B. Nip, Erin M. Wilson, Antje Mefferd, Yana Yunusova

Department of Special Education and Communication Disorders: Faculty Publications

Purpose: Although a growing body of literature has indentified the positive effects of visual speech on speech and language learning, oral movements of infant directed speech have rarely been studied. This investigation used 3-dimensional motion capture technology to describe how mothers modify their lip movements when talking to their infants.
Method: Lip movements were recorded from twenty-five mothers as they spoke to their infants and other adults. Lip shapes were analyzed for differences across speaking conditions. The maximum fundamental frequency, duration, acoustic intensity, and first and second formant frequency of each vowel were also measured.
Results: Lip movements were significantly …

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Ni Doping Of Semiconducting Boron Carbide, Nina Hong, Marjorie Langell, Jing Liu, Orhan Kizilkaya, Shireen Adenwalla Jan 2010

Ni Doping Of Semiconducting Boron Carbide, Nina Hong, Marjorie Langell, Jing Liu, Orhan Kizilkaya, Shireen Adenwalla

Marjorie A. Langell Publications

The wide band gap, temperature stability, high resistivity, and robustness of semiconducting boron carbide make it an attractive material for device applications. Undoped boron carbide is p type; Ni acts as a n-type dopant. Here we present the results of controlled doping of boron carbide with Ni on thin film samples grown using plasma enhanced chemical vapor deposition. The change in the dopant concentration within the thin film as a function of the dopant flow rate in the precursor gas mixture was confirmed by x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy measurements; with increasing dopant concentration, current-voltage (I-V) curves clearly establish the trend from …

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The Polypeptide Syn67 Interacts Physically With Human Holocarboxylase Synthetase, But Is Not A Target For Biotinylation, Yousef I. Hassan, Hideaki Moriyama, Janos Zempleni Jan 2010

The Polypeptide Syn67 Interacts Physically With Human Holocarboxylase Synthetase, But Is Not A Target For Biotinylation, Yousef I. Hassan, Hideaki Moriyama, Janos Zempleni

School of Biological Sciences: Faculty Publications

Holocarboxylase synthetase (HCS) catalyzes the binding of biotin to lysines in carboxylases and histones in two steps. First, HCS catalyzes the synthesis of biotinyl-5′-AMP; second, the biotinyl moiety is ligated to lysine residues. It has been proposed that step two is fairly promiscuous, and that protein biotinylation may occur in the absence of HCS as long as sufficient exogenous biotinyl-5′- AMP is provided. Here, we identified a novel polypeptide (Syn67) with a basic patch of lysines and arginines. Yeast-two-hybrid assays and limited proteolysis assays revealed that both N- and C-termini of HCS interact with Syn67. A potential target lysine in …

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Molecular Determinants Of Hiv-1 Subtype C Coreceptor Transition From R5 To R5x4, Hong Zhang, Damien C. Tully, Tiejun Zhang, Hideaki Moriyama, Jesse Thompson, Charles Wood Jan 2010

Molecular Determinants Of Hiv-1 Subtype C Coreceptor Transition From R5 To R5x4, Hong Zhang, Damien C. Tully, Tiejun Zhang, Hideaki Moriyama, Jesse Thompson, Charles Wood

School of Biological Sciences: Faculty Publications

The molecular mechanism(s) underlying transition from CCR5 to CXCR4 usage of subtype C viruses remain largely unknown. We previously identified a subtype C HIV-1 infected child whose virus demonstrated CXCR4 usage along with CCR5 upon longitudinal follow-up. Here we delineated the molecular determinants of Env involved in expanded coreceptor usage. Residue changes in three positions of Env V3 domain are critical for the dual-tropic phenotype. These include: substitution of arginine at position 11, MG or LG insertion between positions 13 and 14, and substitution of threonine at the position immediately downstream of the GPGQ crown. Introducing these mutations into V3 …

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