Digital Commons Network^™

Nonnative Phragmites Australis Invasion Into Utah Wetlands, Andrew Kulmatiski, Karen H. Beard, Laura A. Meyerson, Jacob R. Gibson, Karen E. Mock

Western North American Naturalist

Phragmites australis (Cav.) Trin. ex Steud. (common reed), already one of the world’s most widespread plant species, has realized rapid range expansion in coastal wetlands of North America in the past century, but little is known about P. australis range expansion in inland wetland systems. We used genetic analyses, aerial photographs, field surveys, and a greenhouse experiment to study the extent and mechanism of nonnative P. australis invasion of Utah wetlands. We collected and genetically analyzed 39 herbarium samples across the state and 225 present-day samples from northern Utah’s major wetland complexes. All samples collected before 1993 and all samples …

2010-12-20 Unm News Minute, University Of New Mexico Communication And Marketing Department

UNM News Minute 2010

No abstract provided.

How Would The Sale Of Citgo Impact Venezuela?, Inter-American Dialogue's Latin American Energy Advisor

Latin American Energy Dialogue, White Papers and Reports

Venezuelan President Hugo Chávez has raised the possibility of selling Venezuela's U.S.-based oil company, CITGO Petroleum Corp., to finance ambitious state programs. Chávez has said the company's sale could raise at least $10 billion for the state's stretched coffers, though many analysts suggest it is valued at far less. Is Chávez likely to sell CITGO and, if so, how much would the company reasonably fetch? What impact would the sale have on the Venezuelan economy in the near future? What effects would it have on Venezuela's long-term interests?

Anxiety And Depression Among Outpatients With Type 2 Diabetes: A Multi-Centre Study Of Prevalence And Associated Factors., Ali Khan Khuwaja, Saima Lalani, Raheem Dhanani, Iqbal Syed Azam, Ghazala Rafique, Franklin White

Department of Family Medicine

Background: Anxiety and depression contribute to poor disease outcomes among individuals with diabetes. This study aimed to assess the prevalence of anxiety and depression and to identify their associated factors including metabolic components among people with type 2 diabetes. Methods: We conducted a cross-sectional, multi-center study in four out-Patient clinics in Karachi, Pakistan. In all, 889 adults with type-2 diabetes were included in this study. Anxiety and depression were measured by using the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS). Multivariable analysis using multiple logistic regression was carried out to evaluate the combined effect of various factors associated with anxiety and …

A People Of Grace, Kimberly Dunnam Reisman

ATS Chapel Services

No abstract provided.

Non-Metallic Particles In Solar Grade Silicon (Sog-Si), Lucas Nana Wiredu Damoah, Anping Dong, Lifeng Zhang, Hui Zhu

Materials Science and Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works

This study investigated the non-metallic inclusions in Solar 2rade Silicon (SoG-Si), especially the distribution of inclusions in the top 15mm layer of multicrystalline silicon ingot. the SoG-Si ingot produced from directional solidification process usually pushes the impurities to the top and finally cut off and discarded, which leads to material loss. the hard inclusions lead to wire breakages during the cutting of the ingot into wafers. the main kinds of inclusions found in top-cut silicon scraps from two manufacturers have been investigated using acid extraction, automated feature analysis techniques and SEM-EDS and optical Microscope: They are needle-like Si3N4 and lumpy …

Edna Mae Campbell

African American Funeral Programs

Interment: Laurel Grove Cemetery

Precision Frequency Measurements With Interferometric Weak Values, David J. Starling, P. Ben Dixon, Andrew N. Jordan, John C. Howell

Mathematics, Physics, and Computer Science Faculty Articles and Research

We demonstrate an experiment which utilizes a Sagnac interferometer to measure a change in optical frequency of 129 ± 7 kHz/√Hz with only 2 mW of continuous-wave, single-mode input power. We describe the measurement of a weak value and show how even higher-frequency sensitivities may be obtained over a bandwidth of several nanometers. This technique has many possible applications, such as precision relative frequency measurements and laser locking without the use of atomic lines.

Rock Outcrops Harbor Native Perennials In Type-Converted Coastal Scrub, Robert J. Steers

Western North American Naturalist

Type-conversion of coastal scrub to exotic annual grassland has been extensive in certain parts of southern California, especially in drier inland locales. Field observations suggest that rock outcrops harbor native perennials associated with coastal scrub vegetation after conversion to exotic annual grassland has occurred. Surveys were conducted to test this observation. In addition, measures of fossorial mammal disturbance, soil depth, exotic annual plant abundance, and soil moisture were collected and used to infer potential mechanisms that may influence patterns of native and exotic vegetation. Results showed that larger outcrops are associated with more native perennial species than smaller outcrops, consistent …

Antipredatory Defense Of Neonatal Pronghorn (Antilocapra Americana) By Yearling Male Pronghorn In Southwestern South Dakota, Christopher N. Jacques, Jonathan A. Jenks

Western North American Naturalist

Antipredatory defense of pronghorn (Antilocapra americana) neonates (≤1 month old) by adult females (>18 months old) is well documented throughout the geographic range of this species. However, reports of male pronghorn defending neonates against predators are limited to a single study in northwestern Wyoming where occurrences were documented of adult males assisting female pronghorn in defending neonates against coyotes (Canis latrans). To our knowledge, defense of neonatal pronghorn by yearling males (12–18 months old) has not been reported previously for this species. We report occurrences of antipredatory defense of neonatal pronghorn by yearling males in …

Urban Carnivores: Ecology, Conflict, And Conservation By S.D. Gehrt, S.P.D. Riley, And B.L. Cypher [Editors], Howard O. Clark Jr.

Western North American Naturalist

No abstract provided.

Retrospective Evaluation Of The Effects Of Human Disturbance And Goldfish Introduction On Endangered Pahrump Poolfish, James E. Deacon, Joshua E. Williams

Western North American Naturalist

Life history data for Pahrump poolfish (Empetrichthys latos latos) collected from 1937 to 1975 were organized and analyzed to improve our understanding of changes caused by human habitat disruption and introduced goldfish (Carassius auratus) at Manse Spring, Nevada. Pahrump poolfish twice demonstrated their ability to recover numerically from a population crash. The first crash followed a November 1961 introduction of a few goldfish and subsequent removal of vegetation by local ranch children intent on turning Manse Spring into a swimming hole. The second crash followed another major habitat disturbance resulting from an unsuccessful attempt to eradicate …

European Earwig, Forficula Auricularia L. (Dermaptera: Forficulidae), At The Hanford Reach National Monument, Washington State, Richard S. Zack, Dennis Strenge, Peter J. Landolt, Chris Looney

Western North American Naturalist

The European earwig, Forficula auricularia L., was surveyed using pitfall traps at 3 sites at the Hanford Reach National Monument in south central Washington State. Pitfall traps were collected weekly from April 2002 through April 2003. The earwig was consistently taken during all months of the year at a disturbed, weedy site along the Columbia River (White Bluffs Ferry site) but was rare or not collected in 2 less-disturbed shrubsteppe habitats. Highest numbers occurred during April–May, when immatures accounted for the majority of the catch; immatures reached the adult stage during mid-July, and the species is univoltine at the site. …

Fecal Pellets Of American Pikas (Ochotona Princeps) Provide A Crude Chronometer For Dating Patch Occupancy, Lyle B. Nichols

Western North American Naturalist

American pikas (Ochotona princeps) seem to be especially vulnerable to climate change, with recent extinctions of pika populations being attributed to global warming. Incomplete historical location records are currently used to examine changes in pika distributions. A method of determining recent pika distributions in the absence of historical records is needed. Here I report on changes over time of known-age pika fecal pellets up to 36 years old. Predictable changes in diameter, internal consistency, and color of pellets provide a method to approximate the dates of last occupation in patches where pikas have been extirpated.


La pika Americana …

Note On Occurrence Of Mymaromella Pala Huber And Gibson (Hymenoptera: Mymarommatidae) In Montana: A New State Record, Timothy D. Hatten, Norm Merz, James B. 'Ding' Johnson, Chris Looney, Travis Ulrich, Scott Soults, Roland Capilo, Dwight Bergerone, Paul Anders, Philip Tanimoto, Bahman Shafii

Western North American Naturalist

The parasitic wasp Mymaromella pala Huber and Gibson (Hymenoptera: Mymarommatidae) was collected at 4 sites within a canyon reach of the Kootenai River in Lincoln County, Montana. This minute species has only recently been described, but it appears to have a large distribution throughout the United States and to be associated with upland and riparian forests.


La avispa parasitaria Mymaromella pala Huber y Gibson (Hymenoptera: Mymarommatidae) se recolectó en cuatro sitios a lo largo de un cañón del Río Kootenai en Lincoln Co., MT. Hace poco que se describió esta especie diminuta, pero parece tener una distribución extensa en los …

The Stream–Lake Ecotone: Potential Habitat For Juvenile Endangered June Suckers (Chasmistes Liorus), Russell B. Rader, Mark C. Belk, Rollin Hotchkiss, Jaron Brown

Western North American Naturalist

Potamodromous fish are poorly studied even though they are threatened often by human activities. The June sucker (Chasmistes liorus) is an endangered potamodromous species endemic to Utah Lake. Larval June suckers have not been collected from Utah Lake for at least 3 decades. Recruitment appears to be limited by low temperatures and scarce food, resulting in mass starvation of larval June suckers in the stream environment. We compared water temperature, zooplankton food availability, and small fish abundance in the stream and in 3 habitats along the stream–lake ecotone (dense emergent vegetation, sparse emergent vegetation, and open lake) to …

Trapping Mammals In A Cautious World: The Effect Of Disinfectants On Trap Success, J. A. Wilson, K. E. Mabry

Western North American Naturalist

Disinfecting traps that have captured small mammals is one recommendation for preventing occurrence of hantavirus infection; however, the potential effects of disinfection on small mammal trappability have not been investigated thoroughly. We conducted an experiment to compare the effects of 2 disinfectants (Lysol^® and household bleach) on the trappability of 4 small mammal species (Peromyscus maniculatus, Neotamias spp., and Spermophilus lateralis). We established triplicate trap grids in 2 forest types (red fir and mixed conifer), each consisting of a 6 × 6 array of Sherman live-traps placed at 10-m intervals. Traps were given 1 of 3 treatments: …

Rediscovery Of The Neotoma Population On Datil [Turner] Island, Sonora, México, Sergio Ticul Álvarez-Castañeda, Anahid Gutierrez, Mayra De La Paz

Western North American Naturalist

On Datil [Turner] Island in the Gulf of California, we rediscovered a population ofNeotoma varia, previously thought to be extinct. We captured 5 specimens: 1 was kept as a voucher, and 4 were examined and released. Analysis of previous surveys indicates that N. varia is not common on the island and occupies a very restricted range.


Recolectamos especímenes de Neotoma varia de la Isla Dátil en el Golfo de California, una población anteriormente considerada ya extinta. De los cinco especímenes que recolectamos, cuatro se pusieron en libertad. El análisis de muestreos previos indica que N. varia no es común …

Rabbit Abundance Relative To Rainfall And Plant Production In Northern Chihuahuan Desert Grassland And Shrubland Habitats, David C. Lightfoot, Ana D. Davidson, Christopher M. Mcglone, Dara G. Parker

Western North American Naturalist

No abstract provided.

The Banner-Tailed Kangaroo Rat, Dipodomys Spectabilis (Rodentia: Heteromyidae), In Utah, George V. Oliver, Anthony L. Wright

Western North American Naturalist

We report the discovery in Utah of Dipodomys spectabilis, a species previously unknown to occur in the state. We searched for D. spectabilis in extreme southeastern Utah, south of the San Juan River, and were successful in finding mounds and burrows characteristic of the species and in capturing one individual. This is the northernmost record for D. spectabilis and extends its known range ~84 km northwest of the nearest previously reported locality (Fruitland, San Juan County, New Mexico). A flea, Meringis rectus, collected from D. spectabilis, is also the first record of its species in Utah.


Reportamos el descubrimiento en …

Pathology Of An Unusual Lumbar Condition In A Young Black Bear (Ursus Americanus) From The Big Bend Region Of Trans-Pecos Texas, Frederick B. Stangl Jr., Dana R. Mills, Michael W. Haiduk

Western North American Naturalist

The skeleton of a young American black bear (Ursus americanus) possessing asymmetrical distortions of the 5 caudalmost lumbar neural spines was recovered from west Texas. We attribute this abnormality, presumed to be congenital, to the absence or atrophy of the right multifidus muscle straddling L3 and to the series of compensatory muscle adjustments required to maintain spinal alignment. This finding may have important management implications for black bears in Texas, given the possibility that our specimen originates from a partially isolated population.


El esqueleto de un oso negro juvenil (Ursus americanus) con distorsiones asimétricas de las …

Outstanding Natural History Paper Of 2008

Western North American Naturalist

No abstract provided.

Front Matter, Vol. 70 No. 4

Western North American Naturalist

No abstract provided.

End Matter, Vol. 70 No. 4

Western North American Naturalist

No abstract provided.

Desiccation Sensitivity And Heat Tolerance Of Prunus Ilicifolia Seeds Dispersed By American Black Bears (Ursus Americanus), Mark Borchert, Claudia M. Tyler

Western North American Naturalist

Carnivore consumption of fruit is a principle means by which many fleshy-fruited plant species achieve long-distance seed dispersal. We examined carnivore dispersal of hollyleaf cherry (Prunus ilicifolia) seeds, specifically assessing the survival, desiccation sensitivity, and germination of seeds found in bear scats. Studies were conducted both in the laboratory and in 2 burn areas in Los Padres National Forest, California. Bear scats containing P. ilicifolia seeds were collected in burned and unburned chaparral. We counted seeds in each scat and noted whether endocarps had tooth punctures or rattled audibly when shaken. For comparative germination trials, we also collected …

Outstanding Natural History Paper Of 2009

Western North American Naturalist

No abstract provided.

Printing On Campus, Georgia Southern University, Zach S. Henderson Library

Library Publications (1999-2023)

• Printing on campus

Mate Sampling In A Natural Population Of Pecos Gambusia, Gambusia Nobilis, John K. Leiser, Kimberly Little, Murray Itzkowitz

Western North American Naturalist

Much research has been conducted on the mating systems of poeciliid fish in aquaria; however, there are fewer studies that examine mate sampling of these fish in the wild. In general, male poeciliids are characterized as being unselective in their mate choices and will attempt to copulate with seemingly all available females. Females are selective, copulate infrequently, and are often pursued by “ardent” males who may force copulations. To avoid male harassment, females in aquaria will often shelter from males among other females in shoals. Here, we examined the mate-sampling behaviors of male and female Pecos gambusia Gambusia nobilis by …

Considerations For Wood River Sculpin Conservation: Historical Occurrence And Sampling Efficiency, Donald W. Zaroban

Western North American Naturalist

Records of Wood River sculpin (Cottus leiopomus) from 1893 to 2003 were examined and new data were gathered in 2004 and 2006 to estimate the species’ historical range and to search for evidence of changes in its occurrence. Detections of Wood River sculpin were reported in 49 subwatersheds, primarily in the Idaho Batholith ecoregion. The remainder of the Wood River basin was classified as either potential historic range or unknown. Mark-recapture sampling was conducted to estimate the efficiency of electrofishing as a method to detect this sculpin. Sampling efficiency was calculated for 1 upstream pass and 1, 2, …

Faith Based Environmental Stewardship: Practices And Attitudes Of Christian Churches On Virginia’S Northern Neck And Eastern Shore, Paoula Sehannie

Theses and Dissertations

In recent years there has been a growing interest in the relationship between religion and the environment. The purpose of this project is to explore the environmental practices and attitudes of Christian churches in two Virginia Communities. The two communities; the Northern Neck and Eastern Shore are located on the Chesapeake Bay and have a shared history of dependence on the Bay. The results of the dissertation demonstrate the prevalence of environmental programs in the population, the nature of these programs and the respondents’ attitudes towards a host of environmental issues. These results can be used by environmental professionals and …