Digital Commons Network^™

The Effect Of Concurrent Activation Potentiation During Fast Stretch Shortening Cycle Activity, Erich Petushek, Luke Garceau, William Ebben

Exercise Science Faculty Research and Publications

This study evaluated the effect of remote voluntary contractions (RVC) on depth jump performance. Subjects performed the depth jump in a RVC condition and a condition without RVC (NO-RVC). Ground reaction force (GRF), impulse (I), and reactive strength index (RSI) were assessed with a force platform. Data were analyzed using a two way ANOVA. Analysis of GRF showed no significant main effects for RVC condition (p = 0.46) and no interaction for RVC condition and gender (p = 0.11). Analysis of I showed no significant main effects for RVC condition (p = 0.99) and no interaction for RVC condition and …

Assessing The Argument For Specialized Courts: Evidence From Family Courts In Spain, Nuno Garoupa, Natalia Jorgensen, Pablo Vazquez

Faculty Scholarship

Specialized courts have become a key component of the legal reform packages implemented in civil law countries, particularly, in the area of family law. One argument for this policy is that they are able to reach a decision faster than the regular courts, which are normally congested. We use data from a survey of Spanish family courts in the region of Madrid to test this claim. After controlling for other relevant variables, the econometric results did not provide strong support for specialized courts.

Legislatures, Judges, And Parole Boards: The Allocations Of Discretion Under Determinate Sentencing, Dhammika Dharmapala, Nuno Garoupa, Joanna M. Shepherd

Faculty Scholarship

The most significant development in criminal sentencing in recent decades has been the shift from indeterminate to determinate sentencing. Yet no study has systematically explored the factors leading to this shift. In this Article, we provide the first analysis to explain why state legislatures enact reforms that significantly reduce both judges' and parole boards' discretion over criminal sentencing. First, we develop a political economy model that explains why legislatures acting in their own self-interest may be motivated to enact these laws. Our model predicts that legislatures are more likely to enact determinate sentencing reforms when there is tension among the …

State Liability, Giuseppe Dari-Mattiacci, Nuno Garoupa, Fernando Gomez-Pomar

Faculty Scholarship

Should states be liable towards individuals for failure to provide justice, good roads, or timely administrative decisions? In this article, we show that state liability can serve three different purposes, none of which implies that the state should be liable in tort, unless other specific conditions are met. One purpose is to provide incentives for state agencies and private individuals to act efficiently. Here, the effectiveness of liability depends on the channelling of incentives down the chain of command to the acting state employee. The second purpose of state liability is to remove incentives for private parties, when these incentives …

The Graduated Response, Peter K. Yu

Faculty Scholarship

In the past few years, the entertainment industry has deployed aggressive tactics toward individual end-users, online service providers, and other third parties. One of the latest proposals that the industry has been exploring is the so-called “graduated response” or “three strikes” system, which threatens to suspend the service of internet users after they have received two warnings from their ISPs about potentially illegal online file-sharing activities.

In December 2008, the RIAA made a formal public announcement of its change of focus toward greater cooperation with ISPs. This new collaborative effort seeks to replace the highly unpopular lawsuits the industry has …

An Assessment Of Business Ethics: From The Classroom To The Workplace, Jenna Michelle Azbell

Honors Program Theses

This thesis will begin with an in-depth look at the major corporate scandals of Enron and WorldCom. After that, the thesis will describe the background history of business ethics in America, looking at how capitalism has evolved and shaped our business environment and sometimes influenced the decisions we make. A description of the legislative history involving business ethics will follow, including explanations of how laws such as Civil Rights Act of 1964 affected business ethics policies and practices in the United States, as well as the expansion of business ethics-related statutes including the recent Sarbanes-Oxley legislation that has changed business …

Sexual Rights And State Governance, Katherine M. Franke

Faculty Scholarship

We sit at an interesting juncture in the evolution (in some cases, devolution) of the idea of sexual rights in international law. For at the very moment that we are experiencing a retraction in both domestic and international commitments to rights associated with sexual and reproductive health, we see sexual rights of a less-reproductive nature gaining greater uptake and acceptance. It is the moral hazard associated with perceived gains in the domain of international rights for lesbians and gay men that I want to address today. In the end, the point I want to bring home is that a particular …

Use Of An Observational Coding System With Families Of Adolescents: Psychometric Properties Among Pediatric And Healthy Populations, Astrida S. Kaugars, Kathy Zebracki, Jessica C. Kichler, Christopher J. Fitzgerald, Rachel Neff Greenley, Ramin Alemzadeh, Grayson N. Holmbeck

Psychology Faculty Research and Publications

Objective: To examine reliability and validity data for the Family Interaction Macro-coding System (FIMS) with adolescents with spina bifida (SB), adolescents with type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM), and healthy adolescents and their families.
/="/">
/="/">Methods: Sixty-eight families of children with SB, 58 families of adolescents with T1DM, and 68 families in a healthy comparison group completed family interaction tasks and self-report questionnaires. Trained coders rated family interactions using the FIMS.
/="/">
/="/">Results: Acceptable interrater and scale reliabilities were obtained for FIMS items and subscales. Observed FIMS parental acceptance, parental behavioral control, parental psychological control, family …

Evaluation Context Impacts Neuropsychological Performance Of Oef/Oif Veterans With Reported Combat-Related Concussion, Nathaniel W. Nelson, James B. Hoelzle, Kathryn A. Mcguire, Amanda G. Ferrier-Auerbach, Molly J. Charlesworth, Scott R. Sponheim

Psychology Faculty Research and Publications

Although soldiers of Operations Iraqi Freedom (OIF) and Enduring Freedom (OEF) encounter combat-related concussion at an unprecedented rate, relatively few studies have examined how evaluation context, insufficient effort, and concussion history impact neuropsychological performances in the years following injury. The current study explores these issues in a sample of 119 U.S. veterans (OEF/OIF forensic concussion, n = 24; non-OEF/OIF forensic concussion, n = 20; OEF/OIF research concussion, n = 38; OEF/OIF research without concussion, n = 37). The OEF/OIF forensic concussion group exhibited significantly higher rates of insufficient effort relative to the OEF/OIF research concussion group, but a comparable rate …

Critical Oxygen Levels And Metabolic Suppression In Oceanic Oxygen Minimum Zones, Brad A. Seibel

Biological Sciences Faculty Publications

The survival of oceanic organisms in oxygen minimum zones (OMZs) depends on their total oxygen demand and the capacities for oxygen extraction and transport, anaerobic ATP production and metabolic suppression. Anaerobic metabolism and metabolic suppression are required for daytime forays into the most extreme OMZs. Critical oxygen partial pressures are, within a range, evolved to match the minimum oxygen level to which a species is exposed. This fact demands that low oxygen habitats be defined by the biological response to low oxygen rather than by some arbitrary oxygen concentration. A broad comparative analysis of oxygen tolerance facilitates the identification of …

Spatial And Temporal Variation In Otolith Chemistry For Tautog (Tautoga Onitis) In Narragansett Bay And Rhode Island Coastal Ponds, Ivan Mateo, Edward G. Durbin, David A. Bengtson, Richard Kingsley, Peter K. Swart, Daisy Durant

Fisheries, Animal and Veterinary Sciences Faculty Publications

The elemental composition of otoliths may provide valuable information for establishing connectivity between fish nursery grounds and adult fish populations. Concentrations of Rb, Mg, Ca, Mn, Sr, Na, K, Sr, Pb, and Ba were determined by using solution-based inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry in otoliths of young-of-the year tautog (Tautoga onitis) captured in nursery areas along the Rhode Island coast during two consecutive years. Stable oxygen (δ¹⁸O) and carbon (δ¹³C) isotopic ratios in young-of-the year otoliths were also analyzed with isotope ratio mass spectrometry. Chemical signatures differed significantly among the distinct nurseries within Narragansett …

Tracking The Oxidative Kinetics Of Carbohydrates, Amino Acids And Fatty Acids In The House Sparrow Using Exhaled 13Co2, Marshall D. Mccue, O. Sivan, Scott R. Mcwilliams, B. Pinshow

Natural Resources Science Faculty Publications

Clinicians commonly measure the ¹³CO₂ in exhaled breath samples following administration of a metabolic tracer (breath testing) to diagnose certain infections and metabolic disorders. We believe that breath testing can become a powerful tool to investigate novel questions about the influence of ecological and physiological factors on the oxidative fates of exogenous nutrients. Here we examined several predictions regarding the oxidative kinetics of specific carbohydrates, amino acids and fatty acids in a dietary generalist, the house sparrow (Passer domesticus). After administering postprandial birds with 20 mg of one of seven ¹³C-labeled tracers, we measured rates …

Evaluating A Wellness Program For Uni Faculty And Staff: Preparing For A Cost-Benefit Analysis, Michelle M. Breen

Honors Program Theses

The University of Northern Iowa (UNI) paid total annual employer medical premiums of $17,967,000 for 2008, an increase of 7.37% from 2007. If medical premiums continue to increase at this rate, UNI will pay $29,556,720 in annual medical premiums in 2015. UNI is not alone in facing rising healthcare costs. Healthcare costs were identified as the "most serious challenge to their bottom line" by 41. 7 percent of the employers in a survey by the National Association of Professional Employer Organizations (Kumar 2009). The Business Roundtable Fourth Quarter 2007 CEO Economic Outlook Survey confirms these results with CEO's ranking the …

The Value-Added Tax: Effects On Tax Revenue, U.S. Corporations, And Individual Taxpayers, Joseph Raymond Pudenz

Honors Program Theses

The importance of understanding how a value-added tax would affect the United States is imperative. Many economists have long stated that a value-added tax system would benefit the United States (Hooper & Smith, 1997), and politicians have periodically brought up the value-added tax since the 1960s as a solution to tax revenue needs (Comptroller General of the United States, 1981). Given these facts, it is likely that the value-added tax will continue to be considered as a possible tax system. An adequate level of understanding regarding how a value-added tax is applied and its effects is essential.

Nathan Nolan Jardine V. Office Of Professional Conduct : Brief Of Appellant, Utah Supreme Court

Utah Supreme Court Briefs (2000–2020)

Appeal from the decision of the Honorable Denise Lindberg, Third Judicial District Court, Salt Lake County.

Chad Jones V. Farmers Insurance Exchange : Brief Of Appellee, Utah Supreme Court

Utah Supreme Court Briefs (2000–2020)

Appeal from a Final Judgment of the Third Judicial District Court, The honorable Mark S. Kouris

Alan, Suzy, And Aidan Reighard V. Steven Yates: Brief Of Appellant, Utah Supreme Court

Utah Supreme Court Briefs (2000–2020)

On Appeal from the Third District Court, Summit County Honorable Bruce C. Lubeck

Susan I. Moss And Jamal S. Yanaki V. Parr Waddoups Brown Gee & Loveless : Brief Of Appellee, Utah Supreme Court

Utah Supreme Court Briefs (2000–2020)

BRIEF OF APPELLEES ORAL ARGUMENT REQUESTED

State Of Utah V. Riqo M. Perea : Brief Of Appellant, Utah Supreme Court

Utah Supreme Court Briefs (2000–2020)

Appeal from a conviction for two counts of Aggravated Murder in violation of Utah Code Ann. § 76-5-202, two counts of Attempted Murder in violation of Utah Code Ann. § 76-5-203 and a Dangerous Weapon Enhancement in violation of Utah Code Ann. § 76-4-203 in the Second District Court, State of Utah, the Honorable Ernie W. Jones, Judge, presiding.

Utah Transit Authority, A Utah Public Transit District V. Local 382 Of The Amalgamated Transit Union : Reply Brief, Utah Supreme Court

Utah Supreme Court Briefs (2000–2020)

APPEAL FROM ORDER DENYING MOTION TO COMPEL ARBITRATION OF THE THIRD JUDICIAL DISTRICT COURT, IN AND FOR SALT LAKE COUNTY, THE HONORABLE L.A. DEVER PRESIDING.

Chad Jones V. Farmers Insurance Exchange : Brief Of Appellant, Utah Supreme Court

Utah Supreme Court Briefs (2000–2020)

Appeal from a final judgment, Third Judicial District Court, The Honorable Mark S. Kouris

Utah Transit Authority, A Utah Public Transit District V. Local 382 Of The Amalgamated Transit Union : Brief Of Appellee, Utah Supreme Court

Utah Supreme Court Briefs (2000–2020)

(On appeal from a final judgment of the Third Judicial District Court for Salt Lake County, State of Utah, Civil no. 100907409, Hon. L.A. Dever).

Michael Anthony Archuleta V. Hank Galetka : Reply Brief Of Appellant, Utah Supreme Court

Utah Supreme Court Briefs (2000–2020)

APPELLANT'S RULE 60 (b) REPLY BRIEF ORAL ARGUMENT IS REQUESTED PRIORITY NUMBER 1-APPELLANT IN PRISON/DEATH ROW ON APPEAL FROM THE FOURTH JUDICIAL DISTRICT MILLARD COUNTY, STATE OF UTAH

Implications Of Physical Attractiveness On Time Allocations From Salesperson To Customer, Emily Anne Prinsen

Honors Program Theses

The purpose of this study was to determine if more attractive females—as compared to less attractive females—received better customer service in terms of time it took the salesperson to interact with the customer. The hypothesis was not supported; in fact, just the opposing outcome occurred. Less attractive females were served more promptly than attractive females. The study was performed in a mid-size city in the Midwest.

The Significance Of Conscience, Kent Greenawalt

Faculty Scholarship

Conscience, like most words that describe human experience and recommend human action, has changed its meanings over time and takes on subtly different meanings in different contexts. Since the time of Thomas Aquinas, when conscience referred to moral judgments about action, and our founding era, when “freedom of conscience” dominantly referred to individual religious liberty, our understanding has evolved. In this paper, I concentrate on present usage. My aims are partially descriptive and mainly normative. My hope is that by clarifying various ways the notion of conscience is conceived, I can contribute to a thoughtful elaboration of normative issues …

A Personal Note, Debra A. Livingston

Faculty Scholarship

It's a pleasure to introduce this issue honoring Columbia's most lovable curmudgeon. What can I say about the Harlan Fiske Stone Professor of Law? I should acknowledge, at the start, Henry's profound intellectual contribution to Columbia and to the law. There are not many of us who can say, with justification, that we've written the Greatest Hits of Public Law Scholarship over the course of our careers. And few of us have made individual contributions that equal "Constitutional Common Law," "Marbury and the Administrative State," "We the People[s]," "Stare Decisis," or "The Constitution Goes to Harvard." Henry is unusual among …

Finite Element Analysis Of A Golf Ball And Driver Head Impact: Understanding The Feasibility Of An Acoustical Optimization, Nickolai A. Volkoff-Shoemaker

Master's Theses

An acoustic profile from the impact between a golf ball and driver head was produced using FEA. Following this, the results were analyzed to determine the feasibility of an acoustical optimization of such an impact. A validation of the FEA program LS-DYNA® was undertaken to ensure a proper solution was attained in the software analysis. An experimental and theoretical validation was performed that involved firing a golf ball at a titanium plate and comparing data from the impact to FEA simulations. Once the FEA program was validated, a golf club driver head model was used to generate an acoustical output …

Who Judges? Who Cares? History Now And Then, Barbara Aronstein Black

Faculty Scholarship

There are two strands of history: Call them strand A and strand B. A: "How independent are those who judge?" B: "Where is the judicial power located?" At a high enough level of abstraction the strands merge (as, at a high enough level of abstraction, what does not?). The issue then becomes whether in a given society all judging is in the hands of independent judges. And the point is that there are two ways of avoiding the decision of cases by independent judges, corresponding, naturally, to the two strands of history:

[A] Through the judges: Punish them, reward them, …

The Design And Manufacture Of A Light Emitting Diode Package For General Lighting, Michael S. Krist

Master's Theses

Lighting technologies have evolved over the years to become higher quality, more efficient sources of light. LEDs are poised to become the market standard for general lighting because they are the most power efficient form of lighting and do not contain hazardous materials. Unfortunately, LEDs pose unique problems because advanced thermal management is required to remove the high heat fluxes generated by such relatively small devices. These problems have already been overcome with complex packaging and exotic materials, but high costs are preventing this technology from displacing current lighting technologies.

The purpose of this study is to develop a low-cost …

International Agreements, Internal Heterogeneity, And Climate Change: The "Two Chinas" Problem, Daniel Abebe, Jonathan S. Masur

Faculty Scholarship

Every quantitative forecast of Chinese emissions – save for two important exceptions – uses only national-level data, a methodological weakness that can wash out distinctions between East and West. Of the two studies that employ sub-national data, one projects higher emissions than any of the national-level studies; the other projects much higher emissions than any other study. We read this as suggesting that Chinese carbon emissions over the forthcoming several decades may be significantly greater than the standard models have anticipated, with correspondingly higher costs to China from any agreement to curb carbon emissions. In light of the importance of …