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2010

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Renyi's-Entropy-Based Approach For Selecting The Significant Input Variables For The Ecological Data, Can-Tao Liu, Bao-Gang Hu Jul 2010

Renyi's-Entropy-Based Approach For Selecting The Significant Input Variables For The Ecological Data, Can-Tao Liu, Bao-Gang Hu

International Congress on Environmental Modelling and Software

Recently, data-driven approaches including machine-learning (ML) techniqueshave played a key role in the research on ecological data and models. One of the mostimportant steps in the application of a ML technique is the selection of significant modelinput variables. Among ML methods, artificial neural networks and genetic algorithm arewidely used for the sake of the above aim; however entropy-based learning methods havenot been well adopted in the field of selecting the significant input variables for ecologicalmodel. In this paper, we utilize Renyi’s entropy to estimate mutual information, and thencompute maximum relevance and minimum redundancy of the input variables by themutual information …

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Integrated Model Of Municipal Waste Management Of The Czech Republic, Jiří Hřebíček, Jana Soukopová Jul 2010

Integrated Model Of Municipal Waste Management Of The Czech Republic, Jiří Hřebíček, Jana Soukopová

International Congress on Environmental Modelling and Software

An integrated model of municipal waste management of the Czech Republic was developed as a balanced network model for a set of municipal solid waste (MSW) sources (mostly municipalities) connected with a set of chosen waste treatment facilities processing their waste. The model involves composting, energy utilisation, material recycling, and land-filling. It is implemented as a combination of four sub-models (GIS transport submodel, quantification and composition of MSW sub-models, cost economic sub-models of all facilities and sub-model optimizing greenhouse gases expressed as CO2 equivalent) and it is easily scalable. It enables the optimisation of environmental impacts (land-filling and greenhouse emissions). …

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Modelling Flow And Concentration Field In Rectangular Water Tanks, F. Javier Martínez-Solano, Pedro L. Iglesias Rey, C. Gualtieri, P. Amparo López-Jiménez Jul 2010

Modelling Flow And Concentration Field In Rectangular Water Tanks, F. Javier Martínez-Solano, Pedro L. Iglesias Rey, C. Gualtieri, P. Amparo López-Jiménez

International Congress on Environmental Modelling and Software

Water storage tanks are usually designed with two objectives, i.e. to provide a specified maximum storage volume and to fix a certain total head over the water supply network. Only more recently, some attention has been paid to the water quality inside the storage tank since this can significantly affect the quality in the distribution systems. Sometimes conceptual models were proposed in the literature, but computational fluid dynamics (CFD) methods can be considered as the best analysis and predictive tool in storage tanks water quality studies. In this paper, FLUENT®, a commercial CFD code, was applied to model flow and …

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Nonlinear Optimization For Improving The Operation Of Sewer Systems: The Bogot´A Case Study., J. M. Giraldo, S. Leirens, Mario Díaz-Granados, Juan Pablo Rodríguez Jul 2010

Nonlinear Optimization For Improving The Operation Of Sewer Systems: The Bogot´A Case Study., J. M. Giraldo, S. Leirens, Mario Díaz-Granados, Juan Pablo Rodríguez

International Congress on Environmental Modelling and Software

Sewer systems are considered as complex large-scale systems that traditionally collect and transport stormwater and sanitary sewage out from urban areas. Each subsystem is in itself composed of a large number of elements with time-varying behavior, exhibiting several operating modes and subject to changes due to external conditions and operational constraints. Sewer systems are mainly operated using pumping stations and pollutants are removed from sewage by treatment plants before water is released into the environment. When a sewer overflow occurs, e.g., caused by a strong rainfall, sewage is discharged directly into the environment with some dilution but without treatment. An …

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Reasoning About Actions For The Management Of Urban Wastewater Systems Using A Causal Logic, Dario Garcia-Gasull, Juan Carlos Nieves, Ulises Cortés Jul 2010

Reasoning About Actions For The Management Of Urban Wastewater Systems Using A Causal Logic, Dario Garcia-Gasull, Juan Carlos Nieves, Ulises Cortés

International Congress on Environmental Modelling and Software

The management of Urban Wastewater Systems (UWS) is a critical and difficult process. Handling polluted water in UWS requires planning and decision making regarding sectors such as environmental, energetic, industrial, etc. In order to represent all the significant concepts, a powerful and flexible formalism is needed. Nowadays, there are solid approaches based on nonmonotonic reasoning which can capture dynamic domains such UWS. In this paper, we present an implementation of a real UWS in the action language Causal Calculator (CCalc-C+) which displays all the singularities of such domain and within which complex queries can be performed. The nonmonotonic causal theory, …

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Integrated River Assessment By Coupling Water Quality And Ecological Assessment Models, Ine S. Pauwels, Gert Everaert, Peter L. M. Goethals Jul 2010

Integrated River Assessment By Coupling Water Quality And Ecological Assessment Models, Ine S. Pauwels, Gert Everaert, Peter L. M. Goethals

International Congress on Environmental Modelling and Software

The European Water Framework Directive has a high impact on current watermanagement in Belgium. Several restoration scenarios have been worked out by thegovernment. To compare the effect of these scenarios, a combination of a water quality(PEGASE) and ecological assessment models (data driven models based on regression trees)has been developed and applied for the major part of the large river systems in Flanders(Belgium). The simulation results illustrate that the currently foreseen investments in waterquality improvement will lead to drastic improvements of the ecological water quality, but arenot enough to meet the target status in most of the streams in Flanders. Moreover, …

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Multi-Criteria Evaluation Of Control Strategies In Wwtp Removing Organic Carbon, Nitrogen And Phosphorus, Xavier Flores-Alsina, Lluís Corominas, Peter A. Vanrolleghem Jul 2010

Multi-Criteria Evaluation Of Control Strategies In Wwtp Removing Organic Carbon, Nitrogen And Phosphorus, Xavier Flores-Alsina, Lluís Corominas, Peter A. Vanrolleghem

International Congress on Environmental Modelling and Software

The objective of this paper is to show the usefulness of multivariate statistical techniques to structure and visualize the information contained in multi-criteria matrixes obtained from the evaluation of control strategies in wastewater treatment plants (WWTP). The performance of sixteen different control strategies is evaluated by measuring their degree of satisfaction for twenty-four environmental, technical, economical and legal objectives using the “Neptune Simulation Benchmark” (an A2O WWTP removing organic matter, nitrogen and phosphorus). Cluster analysis (CA), principal component /factor analysis (PCA/FA) and discriminant analysis (DA) are applied to the simulation output of the tested control strategies. The results of the …

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A Crane Movement Model Parameterized Using Portable Radar For Evaluating Response To Wind Energy Development, Eileen M. Kirsch, Richard S. Sojda, Robert H. Diehl, Manuel Suarez Jul 2010

A Crane Movement Model Parameterized Using Portable Radar For Evaluating Response To Wind Energy Development, Eileen M. Kirsch, Richard S. Sojda, Robert H. Diehl, Manuel Suarez

International Congress on Environmental Modelling and Software

The US Fish and Wildlife Service has an interest in understanding how sandhill and whooping cranes (Grus canadensis and G. americana, respectively) use habitats in the landscape surrounding Horicon National Wildlife Refuge in Wisconsin, USA. The refuge and adjacent state wildlife management areas contain the largest cattail marsh in the lower 48 states, providing important habitat for sandhill and whooping cranes, especially for roosting and staging for migration. Important feeding habitats are found in adjacent agricultural fields, small wetlands, and grasslands. It is in these feeding habitats that commercial wind turbines have been erected. We are studying crane movements in …

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Sustainable Forest Management For Bioenergy, Giulia Fiorese, Giorgio Guariso Jul 2010

Sustainable Forest Management For Bioenergy, Giulia Fiorese, Giorgio Guariso

International Congress on Environmental Modelling and Software

Biomass from the forest sector can be an important source of renewable energy and can contribute to climate change mitigation and bioenergy development. However, the removal of biomass from forests can have significant impacts on the forest ecosystems and therefore requires a thorough analysis. The purpose of this work is to compare different alternatives of sustainable forest management with the aim of minimizing greenhouse gases emission. The model used for the analysis, CO2FIX, describes the flows of carbon per unit area of biomass, soil storage and bioenergy products. The model was applied to the forests of the Italian region of …

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Agent Based Modelling Of Caribou Environmental Interactions In The Canadian Arctic, Glen Lesins, Kaz Higuchi Jul 2010

Agent Based Modelling Of Caribou Environmental Interactions In The Canadian Arctic, Glen Lesins, Kaz Higuchi

International Congress on Environmental Modelling and Software

Agent or individual based modelling (IBM) is recognized as an important tool in biological modelling for simulating animal behaviour and interactions with the environment at the level of the individual while maintaining a collective perspective. The method allows rules to be programmed for the interactions between like and unlike species, responses to geographic factors and impacts from human activities. By emphasizing the development of appropriate rules for the individual, one can avoid imposing ad hoc assumptions concerning the population as a whole and instead allow emergent phenomena to unfold at the larger scale. Here we report on preliminary results using …

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Effective Engagement Of Stakeholders In Total Maximum Daily Load Development And Implementation, Erica Gaddis, Carl Adams, Alexey Voinov Jul 2010

Effective Engagement Of Stakeholders In Total Maximum Daily Load Development And Implementation, Erica Gaddis, Carl Adams, Alexey Voinov

International Congress on Environmental Modelling and Software

Total Maximum Daily Loads (TMDLs) identify the maximum amount of pollution that a water body can receive and still support its designated uses and allocates the maximum load to specific sources in the watershed. In the United States, The Clean Water Act requires public participation in the process of TMDL development. This requirement has been met through simple presentation of results at public meetings, strategic partnerships with key stakeholders, and/or to advisory committees in which stakeholders participate in critical decisions about TMDL definition and implementation. These decisions include model selection and assumptions, selection of water quality endpoints, load allocations, TMDL …

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End-To-End Workflows For Coupled Climate And Hydrological Modeling, Kathy Saint, Sylvia Murphy Jul 2010

End-To-End Workflows For Coupled Climate And Hydrological Modeling, Kathy Saint, Sylvia Murphy

International Congress on Environmental Modelling and Software

In order to examine the effects of environmental changes on local watersheds, it has become increasingly important to be able to interoperate between diverse models and document and share the resulting data. To this end, we are prototyping an end-to-end workflow that executes multiple, distributed models, loosely couples the model components, and disseminates the model results and metadata using a data portal. This project is made up of three major components and is implemented in multiple phases. The main components include the interface to the models for configuration and execution, the interface to the portal for data dissemination, and the …

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An Agglomeration Payment For Cost-Effective Biodiversity Conservation In Spatially Structured Landscapes, Martin Drechsler, Frank Wätzold, Karin Johst, Jason F. Shogren Jul 2010

An Agglomeration Payment For Cost-Effective Biodiversity Conservation In Spatially Structured Landscapes, Martin Drechsler, Frank Wätzold, Karin Johst, Jason F. Shogren

International Congress on Environmental Modelling and Software

Connected habitats are ecologically more valuable than isolated habitats for many species. A key challenge when designing payments for biodiversity in fragmented landscapes is to increase the spatial connectivity of habitats. Based on the idea of an agglomeration bonus we consider a scheme in which land-owners only receive payments if habitats are arranged in an ecologically favourable configuration. We compare the costeffectiveness of agglomeration payments to spatially homogeneous payments on a conceptual level. Our results suggest that positive efficiency gains exist for agglomeration payments. We use Large Blue butterfly habitat in Germany as a specific case study, and find the …

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Unexpected Side-Effects Of Winter Feeding: Learning From Mahalanobis Distances Factor Analysis In The Case Of Red-Crowned Cranes In Hokkaido, Japan, Yi-Liang Kuo Jul 2010

Unexpected Side-Effects Of Winter Feeding: Learning From Mahalanobis Distances Factor Analysis In The Case Of Red-Crowned Cranes In Hokkaido, Japan, Yi-Liang Kuo

International Congress on Environmental Modelling and Software

Winter feeding has become a critical approach to sustain animals in high latitude,but little literature has investigated possible side-effects in terms of ecological niches. Toexplore whether winter feeding might affect species distributions at regional scale, weemployed a novel spatial model, Mahalanobis Distances Factor Analysis, in the case ofRed-crowned Cranes (Grus japonensis) in Hokkaido, Japan. This model features betterprediction ability with more explicit ecological significance compared to conventionalmethods. Furthermore, particularly innovative is that axes are used to define ecologicalniches, with a minimal set of habitual variables to calculate habitat suitability in thealgorithm. In results, winter feeding seemed to considerably impact the …

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Uncertainty Of A Biological Nitrogen And Phosphorus Removal Model, A. Cosenza, G. Mannina, G. Viviani Jul 2010

Uncertainty Of A Biological Nitrogen And Phosphorus Removal Model, A. Cosenza, G. Mannina, G. Viviani

International Congress on Environmental Modelling and Software

In the last few years, the use of mathematical models in wastewater treatment plant (WWTP) processes has become a common way to predict WWTP behaviour. However, mathematical models generally demand advanced input for their implementation that must be evaluated by an extensive data gathering campaign, which cannot always be carried out. This fact, together with the intrinsic complexity of the model structure, leads to model results that may be very uncertain. Quantification of the uncertainty is imperative. However, despite the importance of uncertainty quantification, only a few studies have been carried out in the wastewater treatment field, and those studies …

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The Application Of Artificial Neural Network For Forecasting Dam Spillage Events., Anita Talib, Yahya Abu Hasan Jul 2010

The Application Of Artificial Neural Network For Forecasting Dam Spillage Events., Anita Talib, Yahya Abu Hasan

International Congress on Environmental Modelling and Software

Artificial Neural Network (ANN ) is applied for forecasting of dam spillage using a 10year hydrological dataset of Ahning Dam in the northern Malaysia at the Pedu-Mudaarea. During the rainy season, the Ahning Dam will overflow due to heavy rainfall.Increased siltation due to logging could contribute to worsen the overflow during thistime. This will lead to increasingly destructive floods downstream. Rainfall in the Pedu-Muda area is not constant. It is highly influenced by the monsoon seasons. During the dryseason, the dams may dry up. Siltation will further hamper the dams’ capability to storewater for irrigation.This study has shown that a …

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Guidelines For Good Practice In Bayesian Network Modelling, Serena H. Chen, C. A. Pollino Jul 2010

Guidelines For Good Practice In Bayesian Network Modelling, Serena H. Chen, C. A. Pollino

International Congress on Environmental Modelling and Software

Bayesian networks (BNs) are used increasingly to model environmental systems, for reasons including their ability to: integrate multiple issues and system components; utilise information from different sources; and handle missing data and uncertainty. For a model to be of value in generating and sharing knowledge or providing decision support, it must be built using good modelling practice. This paper provides such guidelines to developing and evaluating Bayesian network models of environmental systems. The guidelines entail clearly defining the model objectives and scope, and using a conceptual model of the system to form the structure of the BN, which should be …

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Overcoming Data Constraints To Create Meaningful Ecological Models, Rebecca E. Lester, Peter G. Fairweather Jul 2010

Overcoming Data Constraints To Create Meaningful Ecological Models, Rebecca E. Lester, Peter G. Fairweather

International Congress on Environmental Modelling and Software

Many techniques used to model ecosystems cannot be meaningfully applied tolarge-scale ecological problems due to data constraints. Disparate collection methods, datatypes and incomplete data sets, or limited theoretical understanding mean that a wide rangeof modelling techniques used to model physical processes or for problems specific tospecies or populations cannot be used at an ecosystem scale. In developing an ecologicalresponse model for the Coorong, a South Australian hypersaline estuary, we combinedseveral flexible modelling approaches in a statistical framework to develop an approach wecall ‘ecosystem states’. This model uses simulated hydrodynamic conditions as input topredict one of a suite of states per …

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Learning How To Model Ecosystem Trade-Offs At The Farm Scale, E. Pilgrim, C. J. A. Macleod, D. Beaumont, M. S. A. Blackwell, R. Bol, A. Del Prado, B. Griffith, R. Orr, A. Shepherd, L. Wu, L. G. Firbank Jul 2010

Learning How To Model Ecosystem Trade-Offs At The Farm Scale, E. Pilgrim, C. J. A. Macleod, D. Beaumont, M. S. A. Blackwell, R. Bol, A. Del Prado, B. Griffith, R. Orr, A. Shepherd, L. Wu, L. G. Firbank

International Congress on Environmental Modelling and Software

The ecosystem service framework provides a forum for scientists from a rangeof disciplines to communicate and work together alongside other key stakeholders.However to be effective, place-based comparison of the tradeoffs of ecosystem servicesneed further development. These place-based comparisons are vital in agricultural systemsdue to the increasing global demand for food production, coupled with the realization thatthis should be achieved with minimal negative impact on the environment. The farm is thelogical unit of management in agricultural systems and hence there is a need for ecosystemtradeoff assessments at the farm scale. We have carried out a literature review of thetradeoffs in the …

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From Landscape-Scale Models Of Forest Biodiversity Change Towards An Integrated Planning Tool – A Gui For Building Empirical Ecological Extrapolation Models Based On Land Cover Data –, Tobias Lung, Gertrud Schaab Jul 2010

From Landscape-Scale Models Of Forest Biodiversity Change Towards An Integrated Planning Tool – A Gui For Building Empirical Ecological Extrapolation Models Based On Land Cover Data –, Tobias Lung, Gertrud Schaab

International Congress on Environmental Modelling and Software

Spatially explicit models linking biological field data with remotely-sensed landcover data have become commonplace for landscape-scale biodiversity assessments, butthey usually neither consider time series data nor include future scenarios. Extrapolationmodels addressing these deficiencies for three keystone species/groups of the Kakamega-Nandi forests in western Kenya proved to be a suitable means for investigating the effectsof long-term land change processes on the development of forest biodiversity in space andtime. However, the experimental modelling design of the approaches is not consideredconvenient for a more comprehensive, interlinked assessment including morespecies/groups and also ecosystem functions and services, nor is it adequate for a stronglocal stakeholder …

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A Scientific Workflow Tool For Biosphere Modelling: Carbon Sink Archives, G. A. Alexandrov, T. Matsunaga Jul 2010

A Scientific Workflow Tool For Biosphere Modelling: Carbon Sink Archives, G. A. Alexandrov, T. Matsunaga

International Congress on Environmental Modelling and Software

Scientific workflows in the field of biosphere modelling include assessment of the state of the art in modelling global biogeochemical cycles. The process of assessment consists of the following steps: collecting model outputs, performing model inter-comparison study, writing summary for policymakers, formulating an agenda for further research. Here, we present a web-based service that automates the entire process.

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Integrated Model Of Municipal Waste Management Of The Czech Republic, Jiří Hřebíček, Jana Soukopová Jul 2010

Integrated Model Of Municipal Waste Management Of The Czech Republic, Jiří Hřebíček, Jana Soukopová

International Congress on Environmental Modelling and Software

An integrated model of municipal waste management of the Czech Republic was developed as a balanced network model for a set of municipal solid waste (MSW) sources (mostly municipalities) connected with a set of chosen waste treatment facilities processing their waste. The model involves composting, energy utilisation, material recycling, and land-filling. It is implemented as a combination of four sub-models (GIS transport submodel, quantification and composition of MSW sub-models, cost economic sub-models of all facilities and sub-model optimizing greenhouse gases expressed as CO2 equivalent) and it is easily scalable. It enables the optimisation of environmental impacts (land-filling and greenhouse emissions). …

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Integrated Meta-Modelling For Decision Support In Integrated Catchment Management, Vikas Kumar, A. Holzkämper, D. N. Lerner Jul 2010

Integrated Meta-Modelling For Decision Support In Integrated Catchment Management, Vikas Kumar, A. Holzkämper, D. N. Lerner

International Congress on Environmental Modelling and Software

Developing supporting models for multidisciplinary, uncertain and complex Integrated Catchment Management (ICM) is a highly challenging task. Knowledge from multiple disciplines must be integrated, and the process is compounded by significant uncertainty. The key gap that provides the research context is the need for a holistic modelling framework to support ICM, able to capture system complexities and interrelationships, and identify long-term solutions to catchment management problems. In this paper, we present the feasibility study of a new framework for developing an integrated meta-model for decision-support in ICM. The study undertaken by the Catchment Science Centre at the University of Sheffield …

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Feedbacks In Socio-Environmental Land Systems, Joerg A. Priess, Nina Schwarz, Sven Lautenbach Jul 2010

Feedbacks In Socio-Environmental Land Systems, Joerg A. Priess, Nina Schwarz, Sven Lautenbach

International Congress on Environmental Modelling and Software

The dynamics of socio-environmental systems are driven by exogenous forcesand by the interaction of endogenous system components, both within the social and environmentalrealms, as well as between them. In recent years, the number of models andmodelling frameworks explicitly representing feedbacks has increased, especially for modelsof land use systems. Land use changes are on the one hand caused by a complex interactionof human and/or institutional land use demands and the environment, which supportsor limits human use in several aspects. On the other hand, land use changes and theireffects at least partly influence the respective driving forces and future land-use decisions,e.g. by …

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Habitat Models As A Research Gap In Biodiversity Conservation In Tropical Rain Forest Of Southeast Asia, Mona Nazeri, Jusoff Kamaruzzaman, Nima Madani Jul 2010

Habitat Models As A Research Gap In Biodiversity Conservation In Tropical Rain Forest Of Southeast Asia, Mona Nazeri, Jusoff Kamaruzzaman, Nima Madani

International Congress on Environmental Modelling and Software

Tropical rain forests, the richest terrestrial ecosystem on earth are disappearing due to land use changes mainly agricultural activities and timber logging. Habitat alteration and as a result fragmentation have direct effect on species survival trough lose of connectivity between suitable habitats. Without a doubt the traditional strategies for protecting different wildlife species in this region was not successful enough to guarantee the survival of remaining biodiversity. Distribution modelling which, very little has been studied in the region, is significantly important for biodiversity conservation programs. Distribution data can determine all the areas that can have high potential of occupancy by …

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Multi-Scale Modelling Of Ecosystem Services – An Iterative Approach, M. S. Castellazzi, I. Brown, L. Poggio, Alessandro Gimona Jul 2010

Multi-Scale Modelling Of Ecosystem Services – An Iterative Approach, M. S. Castellazzi, I. Brown, L. Poggio, Alessandro Gimona

International Congress on Environmental Modelling and Software

Ecosystems are dependent upon the interactions between the natural environment and human factors. Each different ecosystem service is also associated with varying spatial scales related to their functioning and human benefits. Thus, key requirements for an ecosystem-based approach (EBA) are i) multiple scales, especially landscape scale, ii) flexible method for adaptive response and iii) stakeholders participation. Understanding complex inter-relationships between ecosystem functions and their services requires tools to handle change and uncertainty, notably scenarios and sensitivity analysis. We propose an iterative approach, which is multi-scale and userfocused based upon the LandSFACTS toolkit to generate a suite of land use change …

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Nonlinear Optimization For Improving The Operation Of Sewer Systems: The Bogot´A Case Study., J. M. Giraldo, S. Leirens, Mario Díaz-Granados, Juan Pablo Rodríguez Jul 2010

Nonlinear Optimization For Improving The Operation Of Sewer Systems: The Bogot´A Case Study., J. M. Giraldo, S. Leirens, Mario Díaz-Granados, Juan Pablo Rodríguez

International Congress on Environmental Modelling and Software

Sewer systems are considered as complex large-scale systems that traditionally collect and transport stormwater and sanitary sewage out from urban areas. Each subsystem is in itself composed of a large number of elements with time-varying behavior, exhibiting several operating modes and subject to changes due to external conditions and operational constraints. Sewer systems are mainly operated using pumping stations and pollutants are removed from sewage by treatment plants before water is released into the environment. When a sewer overflow occurs, e.g., caused by a strong rainfall, sewage is discharged directly into the environment with some dilution but without treatment. An …

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Uncertainty Propagation Throughout An Integrated Water-Quality Model, Gabriele Freni, G. Mannina, G. Viviani Jul 2010

Uncertainty Propagation Throughout An Integrated Water-Quality Model, Gabriele Freni, G. Mannina, G. Viviani

International Congress on Environmental Modelling and Software

In integrated urban drainage water quality models, due to the fact that integrated approaches are basically a cascade of sub-models (simulating sewer system, wastewater treatment plant and receiving water body), uncertainty produced in one sub-model propagates to the following ones depending on the model structure, the estimation of parameters and the availability and uncertainty of measurements in the different parts of the system. Uncertainty basically propagates throughout a chain of models in which simulation output from upstream models is transferred to the downstream ones as input. The overall uncertainty can differ from the simple sum of uncertainties generated in each …

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Interacting Environmental Interfaces: Synchronization In Substance Exchange Between Environmental Interfaces Regarded As Biophysical Complex Systems, Dragutin T. Mihailović, M. Budincevic, D. Perisic, Igor Balaž, A. Firanj Jul 2010

Interacting Environmental Interfaces: Synchronization In Substance Exchange Between Environmental Interfaces Regarded As Biophysical Complex Systems, Dragutin T. Mihailović, M. Budincevic, D. Perisic, Igor Balaž, A. Firanj

International Congress on Environmental Modelling and Software

In modeling environmental interfaces regarded as biophysical complex systems, one of the main tasks is to create an operative interface with the external environment. The interface should provide a robust and prompt translation of the vast diversity of external physical and/or chemical changes into a set of signals that are understandable for a biophysical entity. Although the organization of any system is of crucial importance for its functioning, it should not be forgotten that in biophysical systems we deal with real-life problems where a number of other conditions must be satisfied in order to put the system to work. One …

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Alteration In Lignin Biosynthesis Restricts Growth Of Fusarium Spp. In Brown Midrib Sorghum, Deanna L. Funnell-Harris, Jeffrey F. Pedersen, Scott E. Sattler Jul 2010

Alteration In Lignin Biosynthesis Restricts Growth Of Fusarium Spp. In Brown Midrib Sorghum, Deanna L. Funnell-Harris, Jeffrey F. Pedersen, Scott E. Sattler

Department of Plant Pathology: Faculty Publications

To improve sorghum for bioenergy and forage uses, brown midrib (bmr)6 and -12 near-isogenic genotypes were developed in different sorghum backgrounds. The bmr6 and bmr12 grain had significantly reduced colonization by members of the Gibberella fujikuroi species complex compared with the wild type, as detected on two semiselective media. Fusarium spp. were identified using sequence analysis of a portion of the translation elongation factor (TEF) 1-α gene. The pathogens Fusarium thapsinum, F. proliferatum, and F. verticillioides, G. fujikuroi members, were commonly recovered. Other frequently isolated Fusarium spp. likely colonize sorghum asymptomatically. The χ2 analyses showed that the …

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