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Naive Psychological Science: The Prevalence, Strength, And Sources Of Misconceptions, Annette Kujawski Taylor, Patricia Kowalski

The Psychological Record

Studies show that misconceptions about psychology are pervasive. This study examined how the strength of prior beliefs and the sources of misinformation relate to conceptual change following an introductory psychology course. Ninety introductory psychology students completed a 36-item "Psychological Information" questionnaire. Testing during the 1 st day of the semester showed 38.5% accuracy whereas testing during the last week showed 66.3% accuracy. These results suggest that misconceptions remain prevalent but can be reduced by taking an introductory psychology course. Our data also indicate that strength of belief is an important transitional variable that may reflect the process of change. Finally, …

Solitary Pain: Bertrand Russell As Cognitive Therapist, Geir Overskeid

The Psychological Record

Bertrand Russell was a prominent philosopher, mathematician, and political activist. It is less well known that Russell suffered from various psychological problems and developed his own method of dealing with them. Continuing a long philosophical tradition, Russell examined how faulty thinking may elicit painful emotions. Though seldom, if ever, mentioned among its harbingers, decades before the pioneers of cognitive therapy, Russell described the basic principles of this form of treatment. He also formulated promising therapyrelated hypotheses that are yet untested-as weill as making claims that seem plainly wrong. I discuss the relation between Russell's life, his thoughts on emotional problems, …

The Cord (October 20, 2010)

The Cord

No abstract provided.

Sessions For S.C. Junior Academy Of Science Will Focus On Human Behavior, Winthrop University

Winthrop News 2010

• About 90 students and teachers will attend the 8:30 a.m. to 4:30 p.m. event.
• Students may participate in two challenge bowls, one focused on psychology and one on the hard sciences, with prizes.

Spartan Daily October 20, 2010, San Jose State University, School Of Journalism And Mass Communications

Spartan Daily (School of Journalism and Mass Communications)

Volume 135, Issue 28

Hierarchical Linear Modeling Of Students’ Mathematics Self-Efficacy And School Effects On Mathematics Achievement, Xing Liu, Hari P. Koirala

NERA Conference Proceedings 2010

The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between mathematics self-efficacy and mathematics achievement of high school sophomores across the United States, and to examine the effects of gender, ethnicities, and school characteristics on students’ mathematics achievement using hierarchical linear modeling (HLM). The base-year data of the Educational Longitudinal Study (ELS): 2002 were used for analysis. Hierarchical linear models were developed from the one-way random effects ANOVA model, and the unconditional Model with mathematics self-efficacy in level 1, to the contextual models with variables in the both levels. Both fixed effects and random effects were estimated and interpreted …

Multicultural And Multilingual Youth Projects From Turkmenistan: Developing 21st Century Skills Through Global Connections And Teaching Beyond Borders, Melda N. Yildiz

NERA Conference Proceedings 2010

This paper is for teacher educators and K12 teachers who would like to integrate global education, 21^st Century skills and new media in education, this paper outlines my experiences as a Fulbright Scholar teaching multicultural education, media literacy and educational technology in Ashgabat, Turkmenistan; offers creative strategies for producing media with youth; and showcases their projects and digital stories from Central Asia.

The research participants deconstructed and assessed the national and local curriculum and standards; presented their curriculum projects such as video documentaries reflecting not only on their stories but also international issues and perspectives through their online contact …

Are Household Income, Gender, And Race Important In Shaping Parental Involvement In Children’S Education?, Nicholas D. Hartlep, Antonio L. Ellis

NERA Conference Proceedings 2010

The authors used data from the National Household Education Surveys (NHES) Program 2007 Parent and Family Involvement in Education Survey (National Center for Education Statistics, 2007) (N=10,681) to examine household income, gender, and race of parents, and their importance in shaping parental involvement in children’s education. The study finds that when accounting for tutoring that: (1) Pacific Islander mothers have the highest odds of being involved in their child's homework; (2) Black fathers have the highest odds of being involved in their child's homework; and (3) Low household incomes (compared to high household incomes) have the highest odds of being …

Expertise3: Outcomes Of Instructor Collaboration On Elementary Teacher Education In Mathematics, Mary P. Truxaw, Fabiana Cardetti, Cynthia A. Bushey

NERA Conference Proceedings 2010

This research grew from two university faculty members’ and one doctoral student’s collaboration across different academic fields (mathematics and education) to better serve elementary preservice teachers (PSTs). The collaboration resulted in shared expertise and an ongoing investigation of confidence of mathematical content knowledge (M-CK) and mathematics pedagogical content knowledge (M-PCK) of PSTs who participated in math content coursework designed for elementary teachers. Findings suggest that PSTs who take one or more of these content courses, along with a mathematics methods course, have higher M-CK and M-PCK than PSTs who take only traditional mathematics courses along with a mathematics methods course.

An Investigation Of Student Study Behaviors In Post-Secondary Classes, Jess L. Gregory, Cicely Horsham-Brathwaite, Margaret Lally Queenan, Beth Pamela Skott

NERA Conference Proceedings 2010

The current study explored study skills utilized by students across post-secondary academic levels. One hundred and forty eight students from a private university in the Northeast completed a survey that assessed participants’ self-reported frequency of use of textbook skills, note taking, memory, test preparation, concentration, and time management. Textbook skills, p<.01 and time management skills, p<.05 were found to be positively correlated with class level. The results indicated that advanced students more frequently utilized time management and textbook skills; however students at all levels might benefit from direct instruction on other effective study skills. Implications for the study are discussed.

An Investigation Of The Strategies And Decision-Making Processes Used By Effective Elementary Mathematics Teachers, Rochelle Goldberg Kaplan

NERA Conference Proceedings 2010

This paper describes an investigation on the behavioral and cognitive decision-making processes used by effective elementary mathematics teachers in order to add to the knowledge base in that field and move toward better elementary mathematics teacher preparation, enhancement, and selection. The data collection utilized an observational and interview format for assessing teachers’ planning, implementation, and reflection on a mathematics lesson. Data were collected from 15 teachers in New Jersey and in Israel from a variety of SES and ethnic communities. The scoring systems for coding data are discussed and preliminary hypotheses generated from the data are presented.

Preparing Classroom-Ready Teacher Candidates: Alignment Of University Instructional Materials With District Reading Curricula And Assessments, Maureen Mcsparran Ruby, Brandon Monroe

NERA Conference Proceedings 2010

This study is a step toward closing the perceived gap between the preparation of elementary educators for teaching literacy and the expectations of districts. By identifying curriculum and assessments used in cooperating districts, informed faculty can incorporate specific clinical tools into teacher preparation coursework. By providing a seamless connection between the theory, pedagogy, and practice found in the university classroom and that found in elementary classrooms, candidates become more “classroom ready”. The teacher preparation will be better prepared to provide the evidence of program outcomes required by NCATE ("what candidates know and can do"). Faculty, schools, and students will have …

Levels Of Urgency And Attitudes Toward Group Experiences, Christine Perakslis, Stacey L. Kite, Felice D. Billups

NERA Conference Proceedings 2010

The freshman experience typically requires a profusion of challenging adjustments relating to a new and demanding college environment. One significant force of attrition is transition or adjustment difficulties for freshman. Successfully influencing freshman includes efforts that focus on helping students make an academic, personal , and social adjustment to college. Group work provides opportunities for patterns of interaction (Evans, Forney, & uido-DiBrito, 1998; Tinto, 2005; Upcraft, Gardner, & Associates, 1989). The purpose of this study was to investigate differences between and among personality factors relative to levels of urgency and student attitudes toward group work. The study provided an institution …

The Relationship Of Personality Traits To Satisfaction With The Team: A Study Of Interdisciplinary Teacher Teams In Rhode Island Middle Schools, Michele D. Humbyrd, Robert K. Gable

NERA Conference Proceedings 2010

Shared practice in schools has emerged; teachers are moving from isolation to team collaboration where personality traits could be related to quality interactions. Team personality traits and team satisfaction were examined. A survey and interview approach was used for N = 244 full-time teachers from N = 49 interdisciplinary teams at N = 7 middle schools. Descriptive, correlational, multiple regression analyses and coded themes about team members’ personalities and interactions were employed. No significant relationships were found between the BFI traits and Satisfaction with the Team. Team-level analysis indicated a significant negative correlation between Satisfaction with theTeam and Extraversion and …

Ethical Dilemmas For The School Counselor: Balancing Student Confidentiality And Parents’ Right To Know, Nithya N. Iyer, Julia Baxter-Macgregor

NERA Conference Proceedings 2010

Professional School Counselors have a variety of roles and responsibilities to students, teachers, parents, and administrators. School counselors collaborate with both the students and other stakeholders – in this case, usually parents and teachers. Consultation and collaboration with stakeholders can be carried out through team meetings or child study teams, with all relevant parties present. Such gatherings, while beneficial to everyone involved, can potentially bring about ethical dilemmas for school counselors. This article examines the function of child study teams, the counselor’s role as consultant within the team, and what ethical issues might arise in this role. Recommendations for avoiding …

Perceptions Of Doctoral Students Regarding Factors Contributing To Student Success, Felice D. Billups, Stacey L. Kite

NERA Conference Proceedings 2010

This third and final phase of a sequential exploratory mixed method
design sought to investigate doctoral student perspectives regarding
support services that impede or assist in the completion of an Ed.D.
program at a small, northeast university. Qualitative methods included
individual interviews and qualitative reflections to probe student
perceptions regarding support program improvements, using their
'stories' to provide rich, descriptive details. Students emphasized the
need for better pre-enrollment preparation, a comprehensive orientation
and advising program, and ongoing academic support services including
writing assistance, research skills development, and networking and
mentoring. Tinto's (1987) integration theory provides the framework for
this study, …

Developing Efficacy Beliefs In Preservice Teachers, Cheryl J. Gowie

NERA Conference Proceedings 2010

The development of efficacy beliefs in undergraduate preservice secondary teachers was studied over a two-year period to determine whether certain instructional practices associated with mastery experience, vicarious experience, social persuasion, and emotional state support increased efficacy beliefs. Using The Teacher Efficacy Scale: Short Form (Woolfolk and Hoy, 1993), year 1 data were collected only at the conclusion an Educational Psychology course; year 2 data were collected at the beginning and end of the semester, allowing for investigation of change in beliefs. Instructional practices are examined as potential influences on the development of efficacy beliefs.

Using Computer-Based Testing With Young Children, Susan K. Barnes

NERA Conference Proceedings 2010

The purpose of this study was to explore the feasibility of using computer-based tests (CBT) with children in preschool and kindergarten. Children were administered paper-and-pencil (PPT) and CBT versions of a rhyme awareness scale. An embedded mixed methods design was used to explore to what extent children could complete the CBT independently, how children reacted to the tests, and how the results from the CBT and the PPT compared. Findings were that children needed help with the CBT and enjoyed using the computer. Preliminary evidence indicated that test mode mattered. These results have implications for future test development and use.

A Comparison Of Linear And Nonlinear Factor Analysis In Examining The Effect Of A Calculator Accommodation On Math Performance, Minji Kang Lee, Craig S. Wells, Stephen G. Sireci

NERA Conference Proceedings 2010

In a statewide achievement test, the use of a calculator is often allowed as an accommodation for students with disabilities (SWD). The purpose of the accommodation is to eliminate the disadvantage faced by SWDs relative to peers without disabilities with the same level of overall mathematics proficiency. However, it is important to determine if the accommodation has changed the construct and meaning of the test scores. One way of examining whether the construct has changed due to the accommodation is to compare performance on the assessment for SWDs to peers without disabilities, controlling for differences in proficiency. In this study, …

Students As The Definitive Source Of Formative Assessment: Academic Self-Assessment And The Self-Regulation Of Learning, Heidi L. Andrade

NERA Conference Proceedings 2010

This paper presents a synthesis of scholarship on formative assessment, self-assessment, and self-regulated learning. It has two objectives: (1) to bridge the gap between two related but distinct areas of inquiry, (2) to illustrate how research on self-regulation can inform the study of formative assessment in general and self-assessment in particular. The paper begins by briefly reviewing and integrating the relevant literatures. It then presents a simple model, proposes general principles for supporting self-assessment and self-regulation in the classroom, and presents examples from classroom practice.

Teacher Quality, Content Knowledge, And Self-Efficacy In One Mathematics Teach For America Cohort, Brian R. Evans

NERA Conference Proceedings 2010

The purpose of this study was to understand the relationships between mathematical content knowledge and perceptions of teaching self-efficacy in one cohort of Teach for America teachers. It was found that teachers had high levels of self-efficacy. It was also found that mathematics related majors had higher mathematical content knowledge than did business majors, but similar levels of self-efficacy. Liberal arts majors had similar content knowledge and levels of self-efficacy as did mathematics related majors.

Helping Urban Teachers Help Students Read Science: A Partnership, Margaret Lally Queenan

NERA Conference Proceedings 2010

Eighty percent of fourth graders in a Northeast school had not met the
NCLB reading “goal.” Research questions asked: Will comprehension
strategies move students toward proficiency, and will a
researcher-teachers collaboration support that effort? Data included
student artifacts, student interviews, discussion transcripts, researcher
lesson plans, and field notes. Data were analyzed through coding and
constant comparison. Surveys confirmed that students learned comprehension
strategies; student writing confirmed that they learned content. However,
only 38% reached “proficiency” on standardized tests. Comprehension
strategies were necessary but not sufficient for reading. Guided reading
increased intensive instructional time but reduced time for learning
content.

Tier Ii Behavior Interventions In Head Start, Kim Westcott, Bethany Ochal, Melinda Tanzman

NERA Conference Proceedings 2010

This study focused on early identification and differentiated intervention for preschool children with behavior problems. The disproportionate prevalence of behavior problems among low-income children suggests the importance of such early intervention to promote later academic and social success in this population. Tier II behavior supports, in the context of the Teaching Pyramid, were provided in an upstate New York Head Start. Interventions were implemented in small-group settings. Using qualitative individualized reports following each session combined with Social Skills Improvement System scores, changes in problem behaviors and social skills were assessed. Differentiated behavior supports provided were associated with reduced behavior …

Construct Invariance Of The Survey Of Knowledge Of Internet Risk And Internet Behavior Knowledge Scale, Robert K. Gable, Larry H. Ludlow, Stacey L. Kite, D. Betsy Mccoach

NERA Conference Proceedings 2010

The wide use of the Internet has potential for students to become victims of Internet predators or other students who engage in inappropriate cyberbullying. Educational programming efforts targeted for students, teachers and parents need instrumentation that provides meaningful and reliable data assessing students' knowledge of Internet risk and their actual Internet behaviors. Construct invariance of the Survey of Knowledge of Internet Risk and Internet Behavior Knowledge scale regarding gender and grade level is examined for N=2621 middle school and N=1594 high school students using multi-group confirmatory factor analysis and Rasch rating scale modeling. Implications for score interpretations are discussed.

The Winonan, Winona State University

The Winonan - 2010s

No abstract provided.

An Evaluation Of Graduate Students' Perceptions Of Mattering At Rowan University, Christopher D'Angelo

Theses and Dissertations

The purpose of this study was to determine whether graduate students at Rowan University felt as though they mattered to the university. The subjects in this study consisted of 320 full-time and part-time matriculated graduate students at Rowan University during the spring 2010 semester. Data were collected using a revised version of the Mattering Scales for Adult Students in Higher Education, which consists of 45 Likert scale statements meant to gain insight into how students felt about their graduate school experience, and how they felt their needs were being met by the university community. Data analysis found that participants generally …

Daily Eastern News: October 20, 2010, Eastern Illinois University

October

No abstract provided.

Leisure Studies And Spirituality: A Christian Critique, Paul Heintzman

Movement and Being: The Journal of the Christian Society for Kinesiology, Leisure and Sports Studies

Conceptual discussions of leisure have often had spiritual overtones or linked leisure with spirituality. The links between the two concepts are becoming widely recognized and discussed in a wide range of leisure studies areas: therapeutic recreation, camping, recreational land management, outdoor recreation, tourism, and community recreation. Increasingly empirical research is being conducted on this relationship. Christians respond in a variety of ways to the increased social scientific interest in the relationship between leisure and spirituality: for some Christian spirituality is the only true spirituality; some compartmentalize or dichotomize spirituality; some believe non-Christians experience spirituality; some believe that spirituality reaches its …

Leisure In The Life Of The 21st Century Black Church: Re-Thinking The Gift, Steven N. Waller Ph.D.

Movement and Being: The Journal of the Christian Society for Kinesiology, Leisure and Sports Studies

Scholarship devoted to examining the role that leisure plays in the life of the Black Church is lacking. Leisure is an important facet of congregational life in African American churches and permeates congregational dynamics on multiple levels. The purpose of this essay is to examine leisure in the life of the Black Church and posit how a healthy, theologically accurate understanding of the value of leisure can help with health and wellness promotion, community-economic development and church growth. The Black Church is defined as the eight historically Black denominations: African Methodist Episcopal, African Methodist Episcopal Zion, Christian Methodist Episcopal, Church …