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Inequality Aversion And Efficiency With Ordinal And Cardinal Social Preferences – An Experimental Study, Dorothea K. Herreiner, Clemens Puppe

Economics Faculty Works

In this paper, we report on a series of free-form bargaining experiments in
which two players have to distribute four indivisible goods among themselves. In one treatment, players are informed about the monetary payoffs associated with each bundle of goods; in a second treatment only the ordinal ranking of the bundles is given. We find that in both cases, inequality aversion plays a prominent role. In the ordinal treatment, individuals apparently use the ranks in the respective preference orderings over bundles of goods as a substitute for the unknown monetary value. Allocations that distribute the value (money or ranks, respectively) …

Gender, Sexuality, And The Authoritarian Personality, Bill E. Peterson, Eileen L. Zurbriggen

Psychology: Faculty Publications

The political correlates of the authoritarian personality have been well established by researchers, but important linkages to other major constructs in psychology need fuller elaboration. We present new data and review old data from our laboratories that show the myriad ways in which authoritarianism is implicated in the important domain of gender roles. We show that women and men high in authoritarianism live in rigidly gendered worlds where male and female roles are narrowly defined, attractiveness is based on traditional conceptions of masculinity and femininity, and conventional sexual mores are prescribed. As a construct, authoritarianism is not just relevant for …

Immaterial Lies: Condoning Deceit In The Name Of Securities Regulation, Stefan J. Padfield

Case Western Reserve Law Review

No abstract provided.

The Animal Enterprise Terrorism Act: The Need For A Whistleblower Exception, Michael Hill

Case Western Reserve Law Review

No abstract provided.

Homeless Chic: Cultural Contradictions In Contemporary American Literature, Jennifer Joyce Kissko

Open Access Dissertations

The dissertation, "Homeless Chic: Cultural Contradictions in Contemporary American Literature," explores and responds to certain problems and questions that matter with regards to the ways in which homelessness gets represented in literature. It considers the problems United States culture faces in its attempts to think differently about homelessness -- at the ways it appropriates or makes use of figures of homelessness, and the ways literature markets, thematizes, racializes, and symbolizes homelessness. Using contemporary American literature, the dissertation examines how U.S. culture likes certain narratives that challenge the ability to think differently. The readings model how conflicted American readers are on …

The Development And Validation Of The Survey Of Attitudes Toward Research Methods, Elizabeth S. Dimond

Open Access Dissertations

Students' attitudes toward research methods may affect their learning approaches and outcomes in such courses. The four studies in this dissertation developed and provided evidence for the validity of the Survey of Attitudes Toward Research Methods (SATRM), a measure with which students' attitudes toward research methods can be better understood. The first objective was to develop the measure, including adaptation of items from an existing measure, the Survey of Attitudes Toward Statistics (Schau, Stevens, Dauphinee, & Del Vecchio, 1995), to reflect research methods, and determining the factor structure and the questions best representing those factors. The SATRM was then administered …

Older Adult Alcohol Misuse: Attitudes, Knowledge, And Support For Prevention Policies And Practices Among Aging Services Practitioners, Crystelle A. Egan

Open Access Dissertations

Alcohol misuse is prevalent among older adults and is projected to increase. Alcohol misuse includes: 1) at risk consumption patterns and 2) problem use already resulting in negative consequences. An increase in alcohol misuse prevention efforts targeted to adults 65 and older is necessary to address this public health issue. Aging services practitioners are key gatekeepers to the older population, yet anecdotal discussion in the research literature suggests that negative attitudes about older adult alcohol misuse (denial, fatalism, and therapeutic nihilism) may decrease their likelihood of supporting prevention efforts. A national sample of 136 Resident Service Coordinators completed an online …

Flight Of The Mind: Reading Virginia Woolf Reading, Maria Chiancola Glade

Open Access Dissertations

Virginia Woolf was always a voracious reader, and the act of reading was for her both labor and pleasure, both an act of understanding and an act of production, and it was always already entangled with the act of writing. A record of her notes taken while reading exists, though unpublished and understudied, and these notebooks offer Woolf scholars access into the mind of the author at the moment of creative inception. Arguably, the extant sixty-seven notebooks, available at the Sussex University Library and the New York City Library's Berg Collection, offer a vast collection of material and a rich …

Relationship Between Psychosocial And Interpersonal Factors And Implicit Sex-Submission Associations In Hispanic/Latina And White Women, Myriel Rodríguez Boissén

Open Access Dissertations

The purpose of this study was to investigate implicit sex-submission associations for Hispanic /Latina and White women. Furthermore, this study examined how childhood sexual abuse, anticipated negative partner reaction-refusal, psychosexual functioning, sexual assertiveness-refusal and communication, and hyperfemininity are associated with women's implicit sex-submission associations. These interpersonal and psychosocial factors were analyzed for Hispanic/Latina and White women to help us determine if these associations are found for two different groups of women.

Previous research has demonstrated that individuals associate sex with power and aggression at an unconscious level (Bargh et al., 1995; Mussweiler & Forster, 2000; Zurbriggen, 2000). For men, implicit …

A Kiss Is Just A Kiss, Or Is It? A Comparative Look At Italian And American Sex Crimes, Alberto Cadoppi, Michael Vitiello

McGeorge School of Law Scholarly Articles

No abstract provided.

Expert Testimony In Child Sexual Abuse Litigation: Consensus And Confusion, John E.B. Myers

McGeorge School of Law Scholarly Articles

No abstract provided.

Rehabilitating Mental Disorder Evidence After Clark C. Arizona: Of Burdens, Presumptions, And The Rights To Raise Reasonable Doubt, Dora W. Klein

Faculty Articles

The right not to be found guilty of a crime absent proof beyond a reasonable doubt is a powerful right. It can be undermined, however, by rules that at first seem to have little to do with reasonable doubt or with burdens of proof.

In the recent case of Clark v. Arizona, the Supreme Court considered whether states may enact rules that categorically prohibit criminal defendants from offering mental disorder evidence for the purpose of raising reasonable doubt regarding the mens rea element of a charged offense. In Arizona law, mental disorder evidence is inadmissible for the purpose of disproving …

Sources Of Entrepreneurial Discretion In Kinship Systems, Alex Stewart

Management Faculty Research and Publications

Entrepreneurs may wish to be selective about which relatives to include or exclude in their businesses. For example, their child might be inept but their niece might be outstanding. What aspects of kinship systems affect their ability to make these sorts of choices? What enables them to bend their ties of kinship and marriage to the interests of their business? Most broadly, what dimensions of kinship lend themselves to tactical or instrumental actions? This question is sweeping just as my meaning of “entrepreneurs” is very broad: those who take actions with the goal of growing their capital (Stewart, 1991). This …

Forgiveness Education: Urban Youth's Perceptions And Collective Narratives, Sharon Chubbuck

College of Education Faculty Research and Publications

No abstract provided.

Predicting Sales Performance: Considering Nonlinear Relationships Between Gma, Performance, And Effectiveness, Jason D. Culbertson

Browse all Theses and Dissertations

Measuring Conscientiousness with Explicit and Implicit Measures Although the literature has a wealth of research predicting salesperson performance, the literature is unclear. Even meta-analytic research (Barrick et al., 2001; Schmidt & Hunter, 1998; Vinchur et al. 1998) appears inconsistent. The main goal of this study was to determine if the relationships were of a nonlinear nature and leading to confusion. This study found that the relationships between sales performance depended on the type of criteria (supervisor ratings or performance versus sales revenue or effectiveness) and the type of relationship examined (linear or nonlinear). This study was successful in demonstrating a …

The Effects Of Mood And Dispositional Affectivity On Self-Reported Job Satisfaction, Cristina D. Kirkendall

Browse all Theses and Dissertations

Job satisfaction has several antecedents, including situational factors (e.g., pay, job characteristics), personality factors (e.g., positive and negative affectivity), and social interactions at work. Job satisfaction is most often measured with self-report surveys which may not effectively capture unconscious attitudes or context effects such as mood. Mood at time of survey completion has been shown to have an effect on self-reported satisfaction measures. This study uses animal-related video clips as a mood induction and examines the effect of induced mood and personality factors on self-report measures of job satisfaction.

Measuring Conscientiousness With Explicit And Implicit Measures, Jenna Noelle Filipkowski

Browse all Theses and Dissertations

The fakability of three measures of conscientiousness was examined: the International personality Item Pool (IPIP), the Conditional Reasoning Test, and Implicit Association Tests (IAT). Data from a student sample (N = 442) found the Conditional Reasoning and IATs were the least susceptible to faking, but they did not have a meaningful relationship with the IPIP. The Conditional Reasoning Test was the best non-cognitive predictor of College GPA (r = .23, p < .01), perhaps due to the fact it may tap cognitive ability as evidenced by its significant correlation with the ACT (r = .41, p < .01). The explicit (self- report) and implicit (IAT) measures of conscientiousness had a low positive correlation with one another. Some researchers may use this finding as evidence that they are measuring different aspects of the construct.

Team Coordination As A Mediator Of Stress Appraisals And Team Performance, Gaea Megan Payton

Browse all Theses and Dissertations

Threat stress appraisals can negatively affect individuals by decreasing performance (Gildea, Schneider, & Shebilske, 2007). Performance is also influenced by a team's ability to coordinate tasks (Entin & Serfaty, 1999). This study investigated the link between team stressor appraisals, coordination, and performance. Using a simulated team environment, teams were evaluated on their perceived stress appraisals, coordination as indicated through instant messaging, and team performance. Findings showed that team stressor appraisals were marginally related to coordination and significantly related to performance. Coordination was related to team performance. Further research should be performed using varied levels of a stressful scenario to evaluate …

Imam, Shah, And Ayatollah: Charismatic Leadership In The Shi'i Tradition, And Its Role In Iran's Shi'ite Revolutions, Jonathon Case Henderson

Browse all Theses and Dissertations

This thesis examines the role of charismatic religious leadership in Iran's two Shi'ite revolutions. Included within the larger arguments of this work, are sections addressing the scholastic categorizations of charisma, the development of the Shi'i Islamic tradition, and they way in which the charisma of the was appropriated by later Shi'i figures to bring about social, political, and religious revolutions in Iran. For this work, Shah Isma'il ibn Haydar and Ayatollah Ruhollah Khomeini serve as examples of charismatic Shi'i figures that drew upon the suspended charisma of the Shi'i Imams. This work also briefly comments on events in contemporary Iran …

The Effect Of Expertise And Cognitive Demand On Temporal Awareness In Real-Time Scheduling, James Samuel Garrett

Browse all Theses and Dissertations

The following study examines the relationship between amount of information, performance, expertise, and temporal awareness during a high fidelity military battle command simulation. The current study provides an in situ example of temporal estimation which is lacking in the current body of research. Twenty Ohio National Guardsmen of varying expertise played the role of battle commander during the simulation. Novice behavior differed from experts. Novice indications of temporal awareness did not vary with contextual change. However, they provided non-detailed temporal utterances and a relationship between temporal awareness and performance. This pattern suggests that they were overwhelmed by the amount of …

Short-Term Administration Of Corticosterone Has Lasting Effects On Learning In Young Rats, Christine L. Wentworth-Eidsaune

Browse all Theses and Dissertations

Corticosterone is a glucocorticoid released as part of the body's response to stress and is known to affect cognitive function, presumably via effects on the hippocampus. Trace classical eyeblink conditioning depends on the hippocampus, and has been used to examine the development of learning processes in young organisms. Experiment 1 was a dosing study, in which time course of effect of corticosterone was followed in 15-day-old Long-Evans rat pups over 24 hours for 4 different concentrations (high: 0.02 mg/g body weight (b.w.), medium: 0.01mg/g b.w., low: 0.005 mg/g b.w. and a vehicle control). In Experiment 2, two subcutaneous injections (0.02 …

Millennial Students Who Go Directly To Graduate School: Influences On This Decision And The Characterization Of Their Experience, Courtney A. Smith

Browse all Theses and Dissertations

The purpose of this research study was to explore the issues surrounding Millennial students who go directly into graduate school after completing an undergraduate degree including what influenced this decision and how the students characterized the experience. Participants were interviewed and several themes emerged from this study: feeling not ready for the real world or qualified to work, differences and difficulties of graduate life compared to undergraduate life, more academic support is needed before and during graduate school, relationships with parents were evolving towards independence, the importance of grades, lack of campus involvement in graduate school, overcoming personal and academic …

Social Context For Religious Violence In The French Massacres Of 1572, Shannon L. Speight

Browse all Theses and Dissertations

The project looks at violence as a social norm during the French massacres of 1572, causing widespread violence at a popular level, at the heart of which was religious group identity. The work examines outbreaks of fighting between Catholics and Huguenots starting in Paris with the St. Bartholomew's Day Massacre and spreading to provincial cities in the following months. Rather than viewing hostility as instigated from the top levels of society, this works aims to verify that there existed within France an acceptance of aggression that, encouraged by inflammatory religious rhetoric, resulted in the popular violence of the massacres. The …

Influence Of Edge Rate, Global Optical Flow Rate, Angle, And Expansion Rate On Braking Behavior, Sheldon M. Russell

Browse all Theses and Dissertations

A driving simulator was used to understand the way humans control collisions. Based on the research of Smith et al. (2001), and McKenna (2004), this study altered distance to and size of a target to determine if optical angle and expansion rate were used independently to control behavior in a collision event rather than combined into a single variable, tau, as suggested by Lee (1976). Furthermore, edge rate as defined by Denton (1980) and global optical flow rate (GOFR) (Warren, 1982) were considered as possible visual sources of egomotion information. Similar to the results found by McKenna (2004), participants appeared …

An Examination Of Type I Errors And Power For Two Differential Item Functioning Indices, Patrick Carl Clark Jr.

Browse all Theses and Dissertations

This study examined two methods for detecting differential item functioning (DIF): Raju, van der Linden, and Fleer's (1995) differential functioning of items and tests procedure (DFIT) and Thissen, Steinberg, and Wainer's (1988) likelihood ratio test (LRT). The major research questions concerned which test provides the best balance of Type I errors and power and if the tests differ in terms of detecting different types of DIF. Monte Carlo simulations were conducted to address these questions. Equal and unequal sample size conditions were fully crossed with test lengths of 10 and 20 items. In addition, α and β parameters were manipulated …

The Importance Of Perceived Similarity Within Faculty-Faculty Mentoring Dyads, Emily N. Polander

Browse all Theses and Dissertations

This study investigated the effects of gender similarity, perceived similarity, and relationship type (formal vs. informal) within faculty-faculty mentoring dyads on various mentoring outcomes from the protégé's perspective. Perceived similarity was expected to be a stronger predictor of relationship satisfaction, affective commitment, job satisfaction, and turnover intent than gender similarity. Perceived similarity was also examined as a potential mediator of relationship type and relationship satisfaction. Tenure-track faculty who reported having mentors (N = 45) answered questions regarding their primary career mentor and other workplace attitudes. Results indicated that perceived similarity had a positive, greater effect than gender similarity on relationship …

Domain-Specific Core Self-Evaluations And Stressors As Predictors Of Strains, Michael Raymond Hoepf

Browse all Theses and Dissertations

The current study examines the use of a frame-of-reference (FOR) in the evaluation of core self-evaluations, stressors and strains. The study investigates the prediction that using a FOR that matches predictors and outcomes will result in a stronger relationship between the constructs being measured, specifically CSE, stressors, and strains. In addition, the study examines the extent to which following this procedure will add incremental validity after non-contextualized predictors are controlled. The hypotheses in this study were generally supported, although the hypotheses related to the school domain were not supported as strongly as those related to general and work domain. The …

Multi-Modal Reading For Low Level Readers, Jamie O'Neal

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

The value of this research hinges on the idea that exchanging illustrations for descriptive text can provide appropriate schemas for students with reading difficulties and thereby improve their comprehension and vocabulary acquisition. The research in this dissertation is based on theories and earlier research in the fields of psychology, education, reading, and narratology. A review of these fields offers a variety of perspectives on the processes involved in reading and comprehension. These processes range from the physical systems involved in reading (e.g., early childhood development, eye movement) to the psychological systems, which include cognitive load theory as well as image …

A Screen Of One's Own The Tpec And Feminist Technological Textuality In The 21st Century, Amy J. Barnickel

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

In this dissertation, I analyze the 20th century text, A Room of One's Own, by Virginia Woolf (2005), and I engage with Woolf's concept of a woman's need for a room of her own in which she can be free to think for herself, study, write, or pursue other interests away from the oppression of patriarchal societal expectations and demands. Through library-based research, I identify four screens in Woolf's work through which she viewed and critiqued culture, and I use these screens to reconceptualize "a room of one's own" in 21st Century terms. I determine that the new "room" is …

The Rhetoric Of The Regional Image Interpreting The Visual Products Of Regional Plannning, Alissa Barber Torres

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

The Rhetoric of the Regional Image: Interpreting the Visual Products of Regional Planning investigates the manner in which visual conventions and visual contexts of regional visioning scenarios affect their interpretation by urban and regional planners, who use visual communication to meet the technical and rhetorical demands of their professional practice. The research assesses Central Florida‘s ―How Shall We Grow?‖ regional land use scenario using focus groups and interviews with planning professionals, a corresponding survey of community values, and rhetorical analysis to explore the ―How Shall We Grow?‖ scenario as persuasive communication. The Rhetoric of the Regional Image proposes specific recommendations …