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Capillary Electrophoresis Of Pteridines In Urine And Plants And Quantification Of Pharmaceutical And Personal Care Products In Missouri Waste Water, Stephen E. Gibbons

Doctoral Dissertations

"Capillary electrophoresis (CE) is a powerful technique that separates molecules based on their respective charge and hydrodynamic size. The major advantages of CE are high separation efficiency, small sample volume requirements, simple to no sample preparation and often organic solvents are not required for the separation.

The work presented in this dissertation utilized capillary electrophoresis for the analysis two different classes of compounds in different matrices. The first project investigated pteridines in urine and plants. The second project investigated pharmaceutical and personal care products (PPCP's) in Missouri waste water.

As cancer continues to be one of the top three causes …

The Potential For Conditional Cash Transfers To Influence Outcomes, Dawn Dziuba

All Theses and Dissertations (ETDs)

No abstract provided.

Characterization Of Phenolics Composition In Lamiaceae Spices By Lc-Esi-Ms/Ms, Mohammad Hossain, Dilip Rai, Nigel Brunton, Ana Belen Martin-Diana, Catherine Barry-Ryan

Articles

A total of 38 phenolic compounds in the solid/liquid extracts of five Lamiaceae spices such as rosemary, oregano, sage, basil and thyme were identified in the present study using LC-ESI-MS/MS. These compounds were distributed in four major categories namely hydroxycinnamic acid derivatives, hydroxybenzoic acid derivatives, flavonoids and phenolic terpenes. Among them, the category of flavonoids was the largest with 17 compounds. Identification of the phenolic compounds was carried out by comparing retention times and mass spectra with those of authentic standards. In case of unavailability of standards, phenolic compounds were identified based on accurate mass of pseudomolecular [M-H]- ions and …

An Evaluation Of A Community Dietetics Intervention On The Management Of Malnutrition For Healthcare Professionals, Sharon Kennelly, N. P. Kennedy, G. Flanaghan-Rughoobur, C. Glennon-Slattery, Sheila Sugrue

Articles

Background: Healthcare professionals working in the community setting have limited knowledge of the evidence-based management of malnutrition. The present study aimed to evaluate a community dietetics intervention, which included an education programme for healthcare professionals in conjunction with the introduction of a community dietetics service for patients ‘at risk’ of malnutrition. Changes in nutritional knowledge and the reported management of malnourished patients were investigated and the acceptability of the intervention was explored. Methods: An education programme, incorporating ‘Malnutrition Universal Screening Tool (MUST)’ training, was implemented in eight of 10 eligible primary care practices (14 general practitioners and nine practice nurses …

Quantitative Modelling Approaches For Ascorbic Acid Degradation And Non-Enzymatic Browning Of Orange Juice During Ultrasound Processing, Vasilis Valdramidis, Patrick J. Cullen, Brijesh Tiwari, Colm O’Donnell

Articles

The objective of this study was to develop a deterministic modelling approach for non-enzymatic browning (NEB) and ascorbic acid (AA) degradation in orange juice during ultrasound processing. Freshly squeezed orange juice was sonicated using a 1,500 W ultrasonic processor at a constant frequency of 20 kHz and processing variables of amplitude level (24.4 – 61.0 μm), temperature (5 – 30 oC) and time (0 – 10 min). The rate constants of the NEB and AA were estimated by a primary model (zero and first order) while their relationship with respect to the processing factors was tested for a number of …

Study Of The Microbial Diversity And Antimicrobial Properties Of Irish Edible Brown Seaweeds, Shilpi Gupta, Gaurav Rajauria, Nissreen Abu-Ghannam

Articles

Brown Irish edible seaweeds, Himanthalia elongata, Laminaria sachharina and Laminaria digitata, were evaluated for the microbiota in raw and heat processed form. Raw seaweeds showed complete absence of aerobic mesophiles, halophiles, yeasts and molds. However, heating at 85 C for 15 min resulted in spore germination. Bacterial counts as high as 107 were observed for aerobic mesophiles and halophiles. Heating above 95 C for 15 min resulted in complete inactivation of surface microflora. Bacteria belonging to Bacillaceae, Paenibacillaceae, Moraxellaceae and Enterobacteriaceae family were identified by 16S rRNA sequencing. In vitro antimicrobial activity of the methanolic extracts of the seaweed on …

Ozone Inactivation Of Acid Stressed Listeria Monocytogenes And Listeria Innocua In Orange Juice Using A Bubble Column, Sonal Patil, Vasilis Valdramidis, Jesus Maria Frias, Patrick J. Cullen, Paula Bourke

Articles

Orange juice inoculated with Listeria monocytogenes strains ATCC 7644, NCTC 11994 and Listeria innocua NCTC 11288 (10⁶ CFU/ml) as challenge microorganisms was treated with direct ozone at 0.098mg/min/ml for different time periods (0-8 min) using an ozone bubble column. Ozone treatment of mild acid stressed and mild acid stress-habituated (pH 5.5) cells of L. monocytogenes resulted in higher inactivation times compared to control non-acid stressed cells. Additionally acid stressed cells habituated in orange juice (ATCC 7644 & NCTC 11288), showed higher inactivation times during ozonation by comparison with the control as well as the mild-acid stressed cells. Overall the …

Influence Of Cultivation Conditions On The Production Of A Thermostable Extracellular Lipase From Amycolatopsis Mediterranei Dsm 43304, Dharmdendra Dheeman, Jesus Maria Frias, Gary Henehan

Articles

Among several lipase producing actinomycete strains screened, Amycolatopsis mediterranei DSM 43304 was found to produce a thermostable, extracellular lipase. Culture condition and nutrient source modification studies involving carbon sources, nitrogen sources, incubation temperature and medium pH were carried out. Lipase activity of 1.37 ± 0.103 IU/ml of culture medium was obtained in 96 h at 28 °C and pH 7.5 using linseed oil and fructose as carbon sources and a combination of phytone peptone and yeast extract (5:1) as nitrogen sources. In optimal culture conditions the lipase activity was enhanced 12-fold with a 2-fold increase in lipase specific activity. The …

Effect Of Drying Method On The Antioxidant Capacity Of Six Larniaceae Herbs, M. Hossain, Catherine Barry-Ryan, Ana Belen Martin-Diana, N. Brunton

Articles

The present study investigated the changes in total phenols (TP), rosmarinic acid content and antioxidant capacity of six Lamiaceae herbs (rosemary, oregano, marjoram, sage, basil and thyme) after three drying treatments (air-, freeze- and vacuum oven-drying) stored for 60 days at −20 °C and compared to fresh samples. Ferric reducing antioxidant property (FRAP) and oxygen radical absorbance capacity (ORAC) were used as markers for antioxidant capacity. Air-dried samples had significantly (p < 0.05) higher TP, rosmarinic acid content and antioxidant capacity than had freeze-dried and vacuum oven-dried samples throughout the storage period. Fresh samples had the lowest values for the parameters tested. Vacuum oven-drying resulted in higher TP and FRAP values in rosemary and thyme during 60 days of storage than did freeze-drying. In ORAC assay, the difference was significantly higher only in thyme. Storage did not show any effect on the dried samples for the parameters tested.

Commentary Euthanasia Methods In Field Settings For Wildlife Damage Management, Timothy J. Julien, Stephen M. Vantassel, Scott R. Groepper, Scott E. Hygnstrom

Human–Wildlife Interactions

No abstract provided.

Untreated And Enzyme-Modified Bovine Whey Products Reduce Association Of Salmonella Typhimurium, Escherichia Coli O157:H7 And Cronobacter Malonaticus (Formerly Enterobacter Sakazakii) To Caco-2 Cells, Rachel Halpin, D.B. Brady, E.D. O’Riordan, M. O’Sullivan

Articles

Adhesion of a micro-organism to a cell surface is often considered to be the first step in pathogenesis. Inhibiting this process may have therapeutic effects in vivo. This study investigates the inhibitory effects of various bovine whey products on the association of Salm. Typhimurium, E. coli O157:H7 and C. malonaticus (formerly Enterobacter sakazakii) to the human CaCo-2 cell line. Invasion of CaCo-2 cells by Salm. Typhimurium and C. malonaticus was also examined.

The Response Of Zigadenus Fremontii To Variation In Fire Regime, Shannon Elizabeth Dinis

Master's Theses

California's chaparral shrub communities are naturally exposed to dry-season fire. It could be reasoned that prescription burns set during the wet season by land managers would have more detrimental effects on plant regeneration than dry season fires because wet season burns are more likely to kill newly emergent seedlings and damage newly emerged leaves of mature plants. Six field sites with flowering Zigadenus fremontii, an herbaceous perennial geophyte common to chapparal and part of the post-fire bloom, were established at Henry W. Coe State Park in Nothern California. Three sites were part of the September 2007 Lick Wildfire and …

Assessment Of First Aid Knowledge And Decision Making Of Coaches Of Youth Soccer, Lynn Castro

Master's Theses

The purpose of this study was to assess the first aid knowledge of coaches of youth soccer and to assess the decision making ability of those coaches in hypothetical athletic situations. The study investigated coaches with passing scores on the First Aid Assessment test (FAA) and first aid and CPR certification; years of coaching experience and scores on the FAA; the difference between years of coaching experience and return to play; the relationship between first aid and CPR certification and education level and the scores on the FAA and education level. Coaches completed a FAA test, Game Situation Data Sheet …

Synthesis And Evaluation Of Silica Hydride-Based Fluorinated Stationary Phases, Kavita Vipool Prajapati

Master's Theses

Silica-based fluorinated bonded stationary phases have shown enhanced selectivity with altered elution orders for molecules differing in hydrophobicity and hydrophilicity in comparison with C8 and C18 reversed phase columns. Hence, two novel silica hydride-based fluorinated bonded phases have been synthesized using a hydrosilation

procedure to exploit fluorine-based unique selectivity for polar basic metabolites. Bonded moieties have been characterized by elemental and spectral analyses. Silica hydride-based aqueous normal phase (ANP) chromatography has retention behavior similar to normal phase chromatography, except for the use of water as a part of the binary solvent (>60 % acetonitrile : water). In ANP, a …

The Honor Roll, Vol. 2, Iss. 5, Finals Ed. 2010, Illinois State University, Honors Program

Honor Roll

Honors Program Newsletter

Yes, And: Core Concerns, Internal Mindfulness, And External Mindfulness For Emotional Balance, Lie Detection, And Successful Negotiation, Clark Freshman

Faculty Scholarship

No abstract provided.

The Use Of A Proficiency-Based Clinical Tool In The Evaluation Of Clinical Knowledge And Skills In The Athletic Training Setting, Shannon L. Baldwin

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

Context. Athletic training clinical education has changed significantly since the Commission on Accreditation of Athletic Training Education (CAATE) became the accrediting body for the profession. One of the changes is to require proficiency in both didactic knowledge and clinical performance through evaluation. Clinical education studies are evident and methods of teaching and learning are explored frequently, however little is known about the connection of athletic training students' didactic performance and clinical proficiency competencies with on the field experiences. Objective. The purpose of this study was to create a clinical proficiency evaluation tool as a means to evaluate an athletic training …

Behavioral Correlations Across Activity, Mating, Exploration, Aggression, And Antipredator Contexts In The European House Cricket, Acheta Domesticus, Alexander D.M. Wilson, Emily M. Whattam, Rachel Bennett, Laksanavadee Visanuvimol, Chris Lauzon, Susan M. Bertram

School of Biological and Marine Sciences

No abstract provided.

Books And Letters Vol. 24, No. 2, University Libraries, Molly Boyd, Anne Marie Candido, Tom W. Dillard, Juana R. Young, Diane Worrell, Russell Cothren

Books and Letters

Archives Month Celebrated; First Annual Faculty Tenure & Promotion Reception; Arizona Library Dean Discusses Trends for the Future; New Magazine to be Launched by Special Collections; Art Exhibits Celebrate Diversity ... and Fun; Mobile Catalog: Libraries in Your Pocket; Library Guides Tailor-Made to Classes; A Note of Thanks!

The Implications Of Dialogue Journals In The Art Classroom, Allison L. Davis

Journal of Inquiry and Action in Education

Despite the enactment of No Child Left Behind (2001), many urban school districts continue to battle the achievement gap and struggle with low literacy rates. Authentic writing instruction, a main component of literacy, is being cut in those districts that struggle most to accommodate other demands made by the nation and state. The primary purpose of this study was to determine if the use of dialogue journals in the art classroom could effectively and unobtrusively increase the amount of time students spent authentically writing. Secondarily, the journals were analyzed to see if they contained information on student interests and cultural …

Using Algae To Estimate Postmortem Submersion Interval In A Louisiana Bayou, Sophia Renke

LSU Master's Theses

While algae are often used in forensic science for the determination and confirmation of death by drowning, their utility for the estimation of postmortem submersion interval (PMSI) has been underutilized. Algae are present in all water systems and will grow upon decomposing matter; yet, very little published literature exists on their use in PMSI estimation. Because PMSI is difficult to predict due to the variable nature of water, the reaction of the submerged body within water, and the lack of truly sarcophagous aquatic insects, algae are a potentially invaluable tool for the forensic anthropologist. This research investigates the utility of …

Mass Privatisation And The Post-Communist Mortality Crisis: Is There Really A Relationship?, John S. Earle, Scott G. Gehlbach

Upjohn Institute Working Papers

We reexamine the recent, well-publicized claim that "rapid mass privatisation [of state-owned enterprises]...was a crucial determinant of differences in adult mortality trends in postcommunist countries" (Stuckler, King and McKee, 2009). Our analysis shows that the estimated correlation of privatization and mortality in country-level data is not robust to recomputing the mass-privatization measure, to assuming a short lag for economic policies to affect mortality, and to controlling for country-specific mortality trends. Further, in an analysis of the determinants of mortality in Russian regions, we find no evidence that privatization increased mortality during the early 1990s. Finally, we reanalyze the relationship between …

Prevalence Of Post Parturient Haemoglobinuria In Buffalo And Therapeutic Trials With Toldimfos Sodium And Tea Leaves In Pakistan, Aneela Zameer Durrani, Nadeem Kamal, Abdul Rauf Shakoori, Rana Muhammad Younus

Turkish Journal of Veterinary & Animal Sciences

The present study was carried out to investigate the prevalence of post parturient haemoglobinuria in buffaloes, and to compare the therapeutic efficacy of toldimfos sodium, sodium acid phosphate, and tea leaves. The prevalence of disease in 1000 animals, grouped according to varying stages of lactation and pregnancy, was recorded. Screening of positive animals based on clinical signs of haemoglobinuria, anaemia, and moderate pyrexia was performed. Urine and blood samples were collected. Blood samples were processed for haematological parameters and biochemical profile. Blood films were made and stained. The animals that were positive for disease were treated with sodium acid phosphate, …

Medium Mediated Effects Increase Cell Killing In A Human Keratinocyte Cell Line Exposed To Solar Simulated Radiation, Fiona Lyng, Alanna Maguire, Brian Morrissey, James E. Walsh

Articles

Purpose: The objective of this study is to investigate whether cell culture medium is 40 a biologically relevant exposure medium that can be employed in non-ionising photobiological investigations. 42 Methods: The effect of solar simulated irradiation on cell culture medium and its ability to elicit cell death was studied. The role of reactive oxygen species (ROS), cell 44 secreted factors, and the contribution of individual components of the medium were investigated. 46 Results: Cell death was found to be primarily mediated through the formation of ROS via riboflavin photosensitisation and degradation in the cell culture medium. Phenol 48 red was …

Altered Mitochondrial Function And Genome Frequency Post Exposure To Γ-Radiation And Bystander Factors, Fiona Lyng, Sharon Nugent,, Carmel E. Mothersill,, Colin Seymour, Brendan Mcclean,, James E. J. Murphy

Articles

PURPOSE:

To further evaluate irregular mitochondrial function and mitochondrial genome damage induced by direct γ-irradiation and bystander factors in human keratinocyte (HPV-G) epithelial cells and hamster ovarian fibroblast (CHO-K1) cells. This is as a follow-up to our recent reports of γ-irradiation-induced loss of mitochondrial function and mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) damage.

The Effect Of Drying And Submersion Pretreatment On Adventitious Shoot Regeneration From Hypocotyl Explants Of Flax (Linum Usitatissimum L.), Mustafa Yildiz, Sebahatti̇n Özcan, Cansu Telci̇ Kahramanoğullari, Si̇bel Day, Hande Özat

Turkish Journal of Botany

Hypocotyl explants of 3 flax cultivars were cultured for adventitious shoot regeneration in 3 different ways. Two pretreatment applications were compared with the routinely applied conventional regeneration protocol of culturing explants directly on Murashige and Skoog (MS) medium containing 1 mg L^{-1} 6-benzylaminopurine (BAP) and 0.02 mg L^{-1} naphthalene acetic acid (NAA). In the first pretreatment application, explants kept in a sterile cabin under an air flow for 30 min were immersed in MS solution containing 1 mg L^{-1} BAP and 0.02 mg L^{-1} NAA for 15 min; then pretreated explants were cultured on MS medium without any growth regulators …

Organic Materials: Sources Of Nitrogen In The Organic Production Of Lettuce, Maja Manojlovic, Ranko Cabilovski, Martina Bavec

Turkish Journal of Agriculture and Forestry

This paper presents the results of 2 experiments: an incubation experiment and a subsequent field experiment. An incubation experiment was set up in order to determine the mineralization potential of different organic materials (OMs) (well-rotted farmyard manure [FTM], guano [G], soybean seed [S], and forage pea seed [P]), the kinetics of mineral nitrogen (N) release, and the correlation between OM content and the quantity of mineralized N. The results of the incubation experiment were checked under field conditions in which different OMs were used as N sources for lettuce (Lactuca sativa L.). The highest mineralization rate constant k (0.127 day^{-1}) …

Does Treating Faba Bean Seeds With Chemical Inducers Simultaneously Increase Chocolate Spot Disease Resistance And Yield Under Field Conditions?, Salah Elhendawy, Waleed Shaban, Jun-Ichi Sakagami

Turkish Journal of Agriculture and Forestry

The use of chemical inducers for the development of host resistance is an alternative approach to plant disease management and is assumed to be much more environmentally sound than traditional pesticides. Five chemical inducers, salicylic acid, oxalic acid, ascorbic acid, dipotassium hydrogen phosphate (KH_2PO_4), and calcium chloride (CaCl_2), all at concentrations of 10 mM, and an untreated control treatment were applied by seed soaking to compare their effectiveness in inducing resistance against chocolate spot disease (Botrytis fabae Sard.) in faba bean under greenhouse and field conditions, and to investigate whether use of these chemicals in this way is associated with …

Otc Derivatives Trading Under The Financial Reform Bill: Is It Tough Enough?, Willa E. Gibson

Akron Law Faculty Publications

Both the U.S. House of Representatives and the U.S. Senate have drafted financial reform legislation prompted by the financial market failings the country experienced in 2008. Both versions provide for comprehensive regulation of the OTC derivatives products, which were used extensively by those financial institutions that lost millions of dollars from investments in mortgage securities to insure against subprime mortgage defaults. This paper discusses the efficiency of proposed Congressional legislation to regulate the Over-the-Counter (OTC) derivatives market in light of the provision in the legislation that effectively exempts customized OTC derivatives contracts from clearing requirements and exchange trading. The exemption …

Growth And Kinetics Of Lactobacillus Plantarum In The Fermentation Of Edible Irish Brown Seaweeds, Shilpi Gupta, Nissreen Abu-Ghannam, Amalia G.M. Scannell

Articles

The aim of the present study was to see the applicability of using brown edible seaweeds as a sole source of nutrition for the growth of lactic acid bacteria. Growth kinetics of lactic acid bacteria (LAB; Lactobacillus plantarum) was studied using three species of edible Irish brown seaweeds Himanthalia elongata, Laminaria digitata and Laminaria saccharina. As part of the screening process, growth of the LAB was carried out on raw and heat treated forms of seaweeds. The seaweed species in their raw state could not support the growth of L. plantarum. Heat treatment resulted in almost 4 times increase in …