Digital Commons Network^™

Fixing Merger Litigation Fixes: Reforming The Litigation Of Proposed Merger Remedies Under Section 7 Of The Clayton Act, Thomas J. Horton

South Dakota Law Review

No abstract provided.

A Bigger And Better Market-Participant Exception: Examining Justice Souter's Revision Of The Market-Participant Exception To The Dormant Commerce Clause In Department Of Revenue Of Kentucky V. Davis, Lisa M. Slepnikoff

South Dakota Law Review

No abstract provided.

Oxidative Stress Of Burkholderia Cenocepacia Induces Insertion Sequence-Mediated Genomic Rearrangements That Interfere With Macrorestriction-Based Genotyping, Pavel Drevinek, Adam Baldwin, Laurens Lindenburg, Lovleen Tina Joshi, Angela Marchbank, Sarka Vosahlikova, Christopher G. Dowson, Eshwar Mahenthiralingam

Peninsula Dental School

ABSTRACT Burkholderia cenocepacia can cause serious infections and epidemics in patients with cystic fibrosis (CF). A CF population in the Czech Republic experienced an epidemic outbreak caused by a B. cenocepacia ST-32 strain. The clonality of the isolates was evident by multilocus sequence typing; however, fingerprinting profiles obtained by pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE) showed substantial band variability. We investigated whether the PFGE pattern diversity resulted from genomic rearrangements mediated by insertion sequences (IS); in addition, we determined whether stressful growth conditions altered the transposition activity of these IS. DNA probes for IS commonly found in B. cenocepacia were designed using …

The Regulation Of Consumer Financial Products: An Introductory Essay With Four Case Studies, John Y. Campbell, Howell E. Jackson, Brigitte C. Madrian, Peter Tufano

Faculty Publications

The recent financial crisis has led many to question how well businesses deliver consumer financial services and how well regulatory institutions address problems in consumer financial markets. In response, the Obama administration proposed a new agency to oversee consumer financial services, and the recently enacted Dodd-Frank Wall Street Reform and Consumer Protection Act embraced the Administration’s proposal by creating the Bureau of Consumer Financial Protection. Other regulatory reforms have been advanced, and in some cases adopted, in recent years, at both the federal and state level. In this paper, we provide an overview of consumer financial markets, detailing the purposes …

Innovate Magazine / Annual Review 2009-2010, San Jose State University

Innovate Magazine (School of Information)

No abstract provided.

Complete Plastome Sequences Of Equisetum Arvense And Isoetes Flaccida: Implications For Phylogeny And Plastid Genome Evolution Of Early Land Plant Lineages, K. G. Karol, K. Arumuganthan, J. L. Boore, A. M. Duffy, K. D. E. Everett, J. D. Hall, S. K. Hansen, J. V. Mandoli, D. F. Mandoli, B. D. Mishler, R. G. Olmstead, K. S. Renzaglia, Paul G. Wolf

Biology Faculty Publications

Background Despite considerable progress in our understanding of land plant phylogeny, several nodes in the green tree of life remain poorly resolved. Furthermore, the bulk of currently available data come from only a subset of major land plant clades. Here we examine early land plant evolution using complete plastome sequences including two previously unexamined and phylogenetically critical lineages. To better understand the evolution of land plants and their plastomes, we examined aligned nucleotide sequences, indels, gene and nucleotide composition, inversions, and gene order at the boundaries of the inverted repeats. Results We present the plastome sequences of Equisetum arvense, a …

Chloroplast Genome Sequence Of The Moss Torula Ruralis: Gene Content, Polymorphism, And Structural Arrangement Relative To Other Green Plant Chloroplast Genomes, M. J. Oliver, A. G. Murdock, B. D. Mishler, J. V. Kuehl, J. L. Boore, D. F. Mandoli, K. D. E. Everett, Paul G. Wolf, A. M. Duffy, K. G. Karol

Biology Faculty Publications

Background Tortula ruralis, a widely distributed species in the moss family Pottiaceae, is increasingly used as a model organism for the study of desiccation tolerance and mechanisms of cellular repair. In this paper, we present the chloroplast genome sequence of T. ruralis, only the second published chloroplast genome for a moss, and the first for a vegetatively desiccation-tolerant plant. Results The Tortula chloroplast genome is ~123,500 bp, and differs in a number of ways from that of Physcomitrella patens, the first published moss chloroplast genome. For example, Tortula lacks the ~71 kb inversion found in the large single copy region …

Competition Policy And The Application Of Section 5 Of The Federal Trade Commission Act, William E. Kovacic, Mark Winerman

GW Law Faculty Publications & Other Works

Since the 1970’s, U.S. courts generally have narrowed the range of single-firm behavior subject to condemnation as monopolization under the Sherman Act. This article examines the possibility of applying principles from Section 5 of the Federal Trade Commission Act to address apparent instances of anticompetitive conduct that go beyond the reach of other federal antitrust statutes. The FTC, through Section 5, offers a superior platform for elaborating competition policy, has the tools to perform empirical and policy work that can inform the design of legal rules, and is a specialized tribunal whose Section 5 decisions have no collateral effect in …

Book Review Of Alan Boyle And Christine Chinkin, The Making Of International Law, Oxford University Press, 2007, Sean D. Murphy

GW Law Faculty Publications & Other Works

Abstract:
An Extraordinary Range of International "Rules" or "Norms" are Created Today Through Mechanisms that Do Not Fit Easily into the Traditional Sources of International Law. In the Making of International Law, Professors Alan Boyle of the University of Edinburgh and Christine Chinkin of the London School of Economics Set Their Sights on Providing a Broad Account of Such Law-Making, Looking Across Different Areas of Organizational Behavior, Both Governmental and Non-Governmental. Although this Volume Has Some Shortcomings, it is an Excellent Starting Point for Those Interested in an Engaging and Informed Survey of Various Ways in Which International Law is …

Failing The Bay: Clean Water Act Enforcement In Maryland Falling Short, Robert L. Glicksman, Yee Huang

GW Law Faculty Publications & Other Works

The Maryland Department of the Environment (MDE) is responsible for enforcing Clean Water Act (CWA) requirements in Maryland. This report evaluates MDE's enforcement of the CWA and draws three significant conclusions: (1) MDE is drastically underfunded; (2) MDE has not designed its enforcement program to effectively deter dischargers from violating CWA and state water quality laws; and (3) MDE fails to take advantage of citizen suits to supplement its own enforcement actions and to maximize its limited resources.

Between 2000 and 2009, MDE's enforcement budget declined in real terms by 25 percent, which coincides with a doubling of the number …

Cultural Cognition Of Scientific Consensus, Donald Braman, Dan M. Kahan, Hank Jenkins-Smith

GW Law Faculty Publications & Other Works

Why do members of the public disagree - sharply and persistently - about facts on which expert scientists largely agree? We designed a study to test a distinctive explanation: the cultural cognition of scientific consensus. The "cultural cognition of risk" refers to the tendency of individuals to form risk perceptions that are congenial to their values. The study presents both correlational and experimental evidence confirming that cultural cognition shapes individuals' beliefs about the existence of scientific consensus, and the process by which they form such beliefs, relating to climate change, the disposal of nuclear wastes, and the effect of permitting …

Copyright And The World's Most Popular Song, Robert Brauneis

GW Law Faculty Publications & Other Works

"Happy Birthday to You" is the best-known and most frequently sung song in the world. Many - including Justice Breyer in his dissent in Eldred v. Ashcroft - have portrayed it as an unoriginal work that is hardly worthy of copyright protection, but nonetheless remains under copyright. Yet close historical scrutiny reveals both of those assumptions to be false. The song that became "Happy Birthday to You," originally written with different lyrics as "Good Morning to All," was the product of intense creative labor, undertaken with copyright protection in mind. However, it is almost certainly no longer under copyright, due …

In Vitro Mammalian Cytotoxicological Study Of Pamam Dendrimers -Towards Quantitative Structure Activity Relationships, Sourav Prasanna Mukherjee, Maria Davoren, Hugh Byrne

Articles

Dendritic polymer nanoparticles such as polyamidoamine dendrimers (PAMAM) show exciting potential for biomedical applications. While the potential commercial applications of such dendrimers have received considerable attention, little is known about their possible adverse effects on both humans and the environment. In this study, the in vitro cytotoxicocity of full generation PAMAM dendrimers to two mammalian cell lines was investigated. Generations G4, G5 and G6 were chosen. Metabolic, lysosomal and mitochondrial activities were evaluated after 24 h exposure. Long term toxicity was evaluated using the clonogenic assay. Particle size and zeta potential were measured in all media. In culture medium, the …

Resonant Mie Scattering (Rmies) Correction Of Infrared Spectra From Highly Scattering Biological Samples Analyst, Paul Bassan, Achim Kohler, Harald Martens, Joe Lee, Hugh Byrne, Paul Dumas, Ehsan Gazi, Michael Brown, Noel Clarke, Peter Gardner

Articles

Infrared spectra of single biological cells often exhibit the “dispersion artefact” observed as a sharp decrease in intensity on the high wavenumber side of absorption bands, in particular the Amide I band at ~1655 cm-1, causing a downward shift of the true peak position. The presence of this effect makes any biochemical interpretation of the spectra unreliable. Recent theory has shed light on the origins of the ‘dispersion artefact’ which has been attributed to resonant Mie scattering (RMieS). In this paper a preliminary algorithm for correcting RMieS is presented and evaluated using simulated data. Results show that the ‘dispersion artefact’ …

Prepucial Urethrostomy Performed Using The Coating Technique, Suphi̇ Erdem Acar, Murat Şaroğlu, Defne Joan Sadalak

Turkish Journal of Veterinary & Animal Sciences

Penile urethral obstruction in cats is a commonly seen clinical case in veterinary medicine practice. In cases where there is no response to catheterisation or medical intervention, surgery is needed to enable urination and correct uraemia and hyperkalaemia. Several surgical techniques of urethrostomy have been described for this aim. In performing standard prepucial urethrostomy great care must be taken to minimise leakage in the anastomosis site and promote healing when performing the pelvic urethra and prepucial mucosa anastomosis. To achieve this, the line of anastomosis has been reinforced by covering the anastomosis with the bilateral bulbourethral tissue, m. ischiourethralis and …

Effects Of Marketing Chicken Meat As A Whole Or Cut Up On Enterprise Income, Ferhan Kaygisiz, Yavuz Cevger

Turkish Journal of Veterinary & Animal Sciences

As research material, 521 broiler carcasses, 308 of which were cut up manually and 213 of which were cut up with machine, were used. The carcasses cut up were divided into 6 groups based on their weights. In both methods, the whole weights of the carcasses were determined first and recorded. After that, they were divided into 3 parts as wings, legs, and breast. It was found that the process of cutting up takes 12 s by hand and 50.5 s with machine. As a result of cutting up, net income increase was determined as 13.75% for manual cutting up …

Treatment Of Hypersexuality And Benign Prostatic Hypertrophy With Delmadinone Acetate In Intact Male Dogs, Hakki Bülent Beceri̇kli̇soy, Serhan Serhat Ay, Duygu Kaya, Ali̇ Reha Ağaoğlu, İbrahi̇m Küçükaslan, Okan Ali̇ Aksoy, Ni̇l Erünal Maral, Murat Findik, Seli̇m Aslan

Turkish Journal of Veterinary & Animal Sciences

The aim of the present study was to evaluate the effectiveness of delmadinone acetate (DMA) for the treatment of hypersexuality (HS) and benign prostatic hypertrophy (BPH), which are frequently observed in male dogs, for which no surgical treatment has been indicated. The study was performed with 21 intact male dogs that had HS (n = 12) and signs of BPH (n = 9). DMA (Tardak® or Tardastrex®) was administered subcutaneously to each dog at a dose of 3-5 mg/kg and was repeated 15 days later as a second treatment. DMA administration was repeated in some cases until the clinical signs …

Determination Of Optimal Dose Of Egf For Bovine Oocyte Maturation And Subsequent In Vitro Fertilization And Culture In Two Media, Ayhan Baştan, Bülent Polat, Duygu Baki̇ Acar, Ömer Korkmaz, Armağan Çolak

Turkish Journal of Veterinary & Animal Sciences

The aim of this study was to determine the optimal dose of EGF on in vitro maturation of bovine oocytes and to investigate the effect of different IVF and IVC media on development of bovine embryos matured with EGF. Oocytes collected from a slaughterhouse were randomly divided into 4 groups. Each group of oocytes was incubated with different doses of EGF (Control: 0 ng/mL, Group 1: 1 ng/mL, Group 2: 10 ng/mL, and Group 3: 100 ng/mL) for 24 h to determine the optimal dose. Matured oocytes were fertilized with frozen-thawed bull sperm by using the swim-up method. The oocytes …

Investigation Of Antimicrobial Susceptibility For Enterococci Isolated From Cats And Dogs And The Determination Of Resistance Genes By Polymerase Chain Reaction, Süheyla Türkyilmaz, Vasfi̇ye Erdem, Bülent Bozdoğan

Turkish Journal of Veterinary & Animal Sciences

The aim of this study was to investigate the antimicrobial susceptibility and to determinate the resistance genes by Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) among enterococci isolated from healthy cats and dogs in İzmir, Turkey. From a total of 114 rectal swabs, 91 (31 cats and 60 dogs) stains were isolated as enterococci. Twenty eight isolates were identified as Enterococcus faecalis and 63 as Enterococcus faecium with the API 20 IDStrep system. Antimicrobial susceptibilities were determined by disc diffusion. Susceptibility rates of all enterococci strains were found as 100.0%, 95.6%, 94.5%, 87.9%, 84.6%, 30.8%, 29.7%, and 0.0% for teicoplanin, penicillin, vancomycine, chloramphenicol, …

The Effects Of Dietary Ascorbic Acid Supplementation On Collagen And Amino Acid Concentrations In Japanese Quails Exposed To Heat Stress, Kami̇l Seyrek, Hakan Erbaş, Mukadder Serter, Çi̇ğdem Yeni̇sey, Funda Kiral, Hüsnü Erbay Bardakçioğlu

Turkish Journal of Veterinary & Animal Sciences

A considerable body of data exists regarding the role of vitamin C in mammalian physiology; however, there are no data about the effects of dietary ascorbic acid supplementation on collagen concentrations and amino acid levels in animals exposed to heat stress. The present study investigated the effects of supplementary ascorbic acid intake on collagen concentrations in the brain and heart tissue in Japanese quails. In addition, glycine, glutamine, histidine, asparagine, and serine contents in the livers of the same animals were measured. Japanese quails were allocated into 4 groups, each of which was exposed to heat stress (34.8 ± 1.25 …

Frequency And Antibiotic Susceptibility Of Pasteurella Multocida And Mannheimia Haemolytica Isolates From Nasal Cavities Of Cattle, Kaan Önat, Serpi̇l Kahya, K. Tayfun Çarli

Turkish Journal of Veterinary & Animal Sciences

The aim of the present study was to determine the frequency of Pasteurella multocida and Mannheimia haemolytica from nasal cavities of cattle, and to find antibiotic susceptibility profiles of the isolates. Bilateral nasal swab samples were collected from 47 clinically healthy Holstein cattle, with no history of antimicrobial treatment prior to sampling. Respectively, 5 and 27 isolates were identified as M. haemolytica and P. multocida. Seventeen samples from cattle of 1 year or younger were found to have P. multocida. On the other hand, from 29 samples from cattle of 2 years or older, 10 P. multocida and 5 M. …

Comparative Efficacy Of Seven Brands Of Albendazole Against Naturally Acquired Gastrointestinal Nematodes In Sheep In Hawassa, Southern Ethiopia, Bersissa Kumsa, Adugna Tolera, Ajebu Nurfeta

Turkish Journal of Veterinary & Animal Sciences

This study aimed to evaluate the efficacy of 7 brands of albendazole against gastrointestinal nematodes in naturally infected sheep in southern Ethiopia. The study included 120 local breed male sheep purchased in Hawassa. The sheep were divided into 8 groups of 15 animals each. Group 1 served as the untreated control, whereas groups 2-8 were treated with ABZ1, ABZ2, ABZ3, ABZ4, ABZ5, ABZ6, and ABZ7, respectively. Fecal samples were collected before treatment on day 0, and again on post-treatment day 12. The efficacy of all 7 brands of albendazole was determined on post-treatment day 12 based on the fecal egg …

The Pharmacokinetics Of Cefepime In Goats Following Single-Dose I.V. And I.M. Administration, Shahi̇d Prawez, Raji̇nder Raina, Dimitritchka Dimitrova, Nri̇p Ki̇shore Pankaj, Azad Ahmad Ahanger, Pawan Kumar Verma

Turkish Journal of Veterinary & Animal Sciences

The pharmacokinetics of cefepime was studied in 5 goats following i.v. and i.m. administration of 10 mg/kg of body weight. Following i.v. administration, the cefepime plasma concentration-time curves were best fitted in a one-compartment open model. The elimination half-life (t1/2\beta), area under curve (AUC0/rightarrow/infinity), and total body clearance (ClB) were 1.86 ± 0.54 h, 181.58 ± 80.52 \mug.h/mL, and 1.10 ± 0.54 mL/min/kg, respectively. Following i.m. administration, pharmacokinetic parameters were analyzed using statistical moment theory (SMT). The drug was absorbed rapidly, with an absorption half-life (t1/2abs) of 0.77 ± 0.34 h. The peak plasma concentration (Cmax) of 49.32 ± 10.33 …

Prevalence And Antimicrobial Resistance Of Salmonella Serovars Isolated From Poultry Meat In Hyderabad, Pakistan, Aijaz Hussain Soomro, Muhammad Khaskheli, Muhammad Bachal Bhutto, Ghiasuddin Shah, Azizullah Memon, Parkash Dewani

Turkish Journal of Veterinary & Animal Sciences

This study was conducted to investigate the prevalence of Salmonella in broiler chicken meat sold in Hyderabad, Pakistan. A total of 100 samples were randomly collected from poultry meat retail markets and examined for the presence of Salmonella. The prevalence rate recorded was 38%. The most prevalent serogroups were S. enteritidis, S. typhi, S. pullorum, and S. typhimurium. All the Salmonella isolates showed resistance to ampicillin, and sensitivity to tetracycline, streptomycin, cefotaxime, ceftazidime, gentamicin, tobramycin, ciprofloxacin, ofloxacin, and chloramphenicol. The findings highlighted the magnitude of Salmonella contamination in chicken meat sold in the city, and the antibiotic resistance of Salmonella …

Bilateral Abscesses Of The Maxillary Carnassial Teeth In A Female Pekinese, Abutorab Tabatabaei Naeini, Alireza Raayat Jahromi, Samira Mehrshad

Turkish Journal of Veterinary & Animal Sciences

Tooth infections are typically seen in older dogs as a result of poor oral hygiene (periodontal disease) or traumatic tooth fractures (endodontic and periapical disease). An 8-year-old female Pekinese was presented due to bilateral draining tracts located just under its eyes, and a history of healing and recurrence of the lesions after about 3 weeks of systemic antibiotic therapy. Dental radiography revealed bilateral carnassial tooth root abscesses. Both teeth were extracted under general anesthesia. With proper postoperative care the abscesses healed with no further complications.

Hydrosalpinx And Hydrobursitis In Infertile Goats, Kaiser Dawood

Turkish Journal of Veterinary & Animal Sciences

Five adult female goats were brought to our veterinary hospital with infertility. Ultrasonography showed what seemed to be hydrometra or cystic lesion in the genital region of 18-month-old twin local breed female goats. After slaughter of the does and excision of the genital tract, a macroscopic examination revealed bilateral hydrosalpinx and extreme dilation of the ovarian bursa with complete capsulation of the active ovary in the cystic ovarian bursa on each side. Amber to dark brown fluid fully filled the oviduct and the cystic structure of the ovarian bursa. Microscopically, the ovarian bursa showed an obvious chronic inflammation and an …

Testing Lesniaski’S Revised Brief Test, M. Sara Lowe, Sean M. Stone

Library Staff Publications and Research

In 2004, Lesniaski revised White’s Brief Test methodology for smaller academic libraries that lack sufficient subject specialist librarians to perform the brief tests as originally proposed byWhite. As a part of regular collection development, Cowles Library implemented Lesniaski’s Brief Tests on the print monograph collection. While primarily a review of Lesniaski’s methodology, this article also discusses how the Brief Tests were used for improved collection evaluation and maintenance.

The Advent Of Gene Patenting: Putting The Great Debate In Perspective, Brian Zadorozny

SMU Science and Technology Law Review

No abstract provided.

United States V. Valdivieso Rodriguez: The Trend Of Telemedicine, Meera Shenoy

SMU Science and Technology Law Review

No abstract provided.

Sonolytic Degradation Of Parathion And The Formation Of Byproducts, Juan Juan Yao, Nai Yun Gao, Yang Deng, Yan Ma, Hai Jun Li, Bin Xu, Lei Li

Department of Earth and Environmental Studies Faculty Scholarship and Creative Works

Ultrasonic degradation of parathion has been investigated in this study. At a neutral condition, 99.7% of 2.9 μM parathion could be decomposed within 30 min under 600 kHz ultrasonic irradiation at ultrasonic intensity of 0.69 W/cm2. The degradation rate increased proportionally with the increasing ultrasonic intensity from 0.10 to 0.69 W/cm2. The parathion degradation was enhanced in the presence of dissolved oxygen due to formation of more {radical dot}OH, but was inhibited in the presence of nitrogen gas owning to the free radical scavenging effect in vapor phase within the cavitational bubbles. CO32 -, HCO3-, and Cl- exhibited the inhibiting …