Digital Commons Network^™

Volatiles Emitted From Eight Wound-Isolated Bacteria Differentially Attract Gravid Screwworms (Diptera: Calliphoridae) To Oviposit, M. F. Chaudhury, Steven R. Skoda, A. Sagel, J. B. Welch

United States Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service / University of Nebraska-Lincoln: Faculty Publications

Bovine blood inoculated with bacteria isolated from screwworm [Cochliomyia hominivorax (Coquerel) (Diptera: Calliphoridae)]-infested animal wounds was tested as an attractant for oviposition for gravid screwworms. Eight species of gram-negative coliform (Enterobacteriaceae) bacteria mixed with bovine blood singly or all species combined and incubated for various times produced volatiles that attracted gravid flies in a cage bioassay in varying numbers. In 15-min duration tests, volatiles from five species of bacteria (Klebsiella oxytoca, Proteus mirabilis, Proteus vulgaris, Providencia rettgeri, and Providencia stuartii) attracted more females than volatiles of the three species (Enterobacter cloacae, Enterobacter …

2010 Across-Breed Epd Table, Larry Kuehn, Mark Thallman

United States Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service / University of Nebraska-Lincoln: Faculty Publications

The table of adjustment factors to be used to estimate across-breed expected progeny differences (AB-EPDs) for eighteen breeds was presented at the Beef Improvement Federation Annual Meeting in Columbia, MO, on June 30 (see Table 1). Across-breed adjustment factors have been calculated for growth traits and maternal milk since 1993. Adjustment factors for carcass traits have been calculated since 2008; to be included, breeds must have carcass data in the U.S. Meat Animal Research Center (USMARC) database and report their carcass EPDs on an actual carcass basis using an age-adjusted endpoint. Bulls of different breeds can be compared on the …

Effects Of Prescribed Fire And Herbicide Application On Cattle Grazing And Herbage Production From Yellow Bluestem Pastures, S. A. Gunter, R. L. Gillen

United States Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service / University of Nebraska-Lincoln: Faculty Publications

Forage management practices influence the quantity and quality of forage available to grazing cattle. The objectives of this experiment were to determine the effects of prescribed fire or herbicides on the density of forbs, the production and nutritive value of the herbage, and the performance of beef steers grazing Yellow bluestem [Bothriochloa ischaemum (L.) Keng var. ischaemum (Hack.) Celarier and Harlan] pastures. The experiment was conducted in northwestern Oklahoma from 1998 through 2000, and the untreated pastures (control) were not burned or sprayed. The prescribed-fire treatment (PFT) occurred annually between March 27 and April 10. The herbicide treatment (HT) consisted …

Expression And Self-Assembly Of Virus-Like Particles From Two Genotypes Of Marine Vesiviruses And Development Of An Elisa For The Detection Of Antibodies, Shasta D. Mcclenahan, Karin Bok, Stanislav V. Sosnovtsev, John D. Neill, Kathy A. Burek, Kimberlee B. Beckmen, Alvin W. Smith, Kim Y. Green, Carlos H. Romero

United States Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service / University of Nebraska-Lincoln: Faculty Publications

Sequences encoding the major and minor capsid proteins (VP1 and VP2) from two marine vesivirus isolates (Steller sea lion viruses V810 and V1415) were engineered for expression of virus-like particles (VLPs) in the baculovirus system. The resulting VLPs were morphologically similar to native vesivirus virions. Purified VLPs were probed in immunoblots with pooled antisera specific for nine San Miguel sea lion virus (SMSV) types, and a predominant protein of approximately 60 kDa was detected. An enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) for the detection of antibodies was developed in which the VLPs served as antigen. The VLPs were adsorbed to the …

Optimized Construction Of Microsatellite-Enriched Libraries, Natascha Techen, R. S. Arias, Neil C. Glynn, Zhiqiang Pan, Ikhlas A. Khan, Brian E. Scheffler

United States Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service / University of Nebraska-Lincoln: Faculty Publications

The construction of microsatellite-enriched libraries is an indispensable tool to search for molecular markers as complete genome sequences are still not available for the majority of species of interest. Numerous protocols are available in the literature for the construction of these libraries; however, sometimes their low efficiency or lack of optimization in the protocols can restrict their efficacy. We have designed and tested various adapters and ligation methods; we also tested oligo-repeat combinations and hybridization temperatures, and created libraries with this new protocol for four organisms: Ipomoea batatas (L.) Lam, Chionanthus retusus Lindley & Paxton, Rotylenchulus reniformis Linford & Olivera …

Potential For Stable Flies And House Flies (Diptera: Muscidae) To Transmit Rift Valley Fever Virus1, Michael J. Turell, David J. Dohm, Christopher J. Geden, Jerome A. Hogsette, Kenneth Linthicum

United States Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service / University of Nebraska-Lincoln: Faculty Publications

Rift Valley fever (RVF), a disease of ruminants and humans, has been responsible for large outbreaks in Africa that have resulted in hundreds of thousands of human infections and major economic disruption due to loss of livestock and to trade restrictions. As indicated by the rapid spread of West Nile viral activity across North America since its discovery in 1999 and the rapid and widespread movement of chikungunya virus from Africa throughout the Indian Ocean Islands to Asia and Europe, an introduced exotic arbovirus can be rapidly and widely established across wide geographical regions. Although RVF virus (RVFV) is normally …

Efficacy Of Commercial Mosquito Traps In Capturing Phlebotomine Sand Flies (Diptera: Psychodidae) In Egypt, D. F. Hoel, D. L. Kline, Jerome Hogsette, Ulrich R. Bernier, S. S. El-Hossary, H. A. Hanafi, N. Watany, E. Y. Fawaz, B. D. Furman, P. J. Obenauer, D. E. Szumlas

United States Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service / University of Nebraska-Lincoln: Faculty Publications

Four types of commercial mosquito control traps, the Mosquito Magnet Pro (MMP), the Sentinel 360 (S360), the BG-Sentinel (BGS), and the Mega-Catch Ultra (MCU), were compared with a standard Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) light trap for efficacy in collecting phlebotomine sand flies (Diptera: Psychodidae) in a small farming village in the Nile River Valley 10 km north of Aswan, Egypt. Each trap was baited with either carbon dioxide (CO₂) from combustion of butane gas (MMP), dry ice (CDC and BGS traps), light (MCU and S360), or dry ice and light (CDC). Traps were rotated through …

A Quantitative Phosphorus Loss Assessment Tool For Agricultural Fields, Michael J. White, Daniel E. Storm, Philip R. Busteed, Michael D. Smolen, Hailin Zhang, Garey A. Fox

United States Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service / University of Nebraska-Lincoln: Faculty Publications

In the United States, government sponsored conservation programs are under increasing pressure to quantify the environmental benefits of practices they subsidize. To meet this objective, conservation planners need tools to accurately predict phosphorus (P) loss from agricultural lands. Existing P export coefficient based tools are easy to use, but do not adequately account for local conditions. Hydrologic and water quality models are more accurate, but are prohibitively complex for conservation planners to use. Pasture Phosphorus Management (PPM) was developed as a user-friendly P and sediment loss prediction tool based on the Soil and Water Assessment Tool (SWAT), a popular comprehensive …

Runoff Losses Of N And P After Low Phosphorus Swine Slurry Application To No-Tillage Sorghum, Brian J. Wienhold, John E. Gilley

United States Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service / University of Nebraska-Lincoln: Faculty Publications

Swine (Sus scrofa) manure can serve as a fertilizer source for crop production, but it typically contains more P relative to N than the crop requires, creating the potential for P losses in runoff. A 3-year study was conducted to compare runoff losses of NO₃-N, NH₄-N, total N, dissolved P, and total P under natural rainfall conditions from no-tillage sorghum plots [Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench] receiving inorganic fertilizer, manure from swine fed low-phytate corn (Zea mays L.) diet, or manure from swine fed a traditional corn diet. Runoff (26.5 mm in 1999, …

Evaluation Of Three Experimental Bovine Viral Diarrhea Virus Killed Vaccines Adjuvanted With Combinations Of Quil A Cholesterol And Dimethyldioctadecylammonium (Dda) Bromide, Julia F. Ridpath, Paul Dominowski, Ramasany Mannan, Robert Yancey Jr., James A. Jackson, Lucas Taylor, Sangita Mediratta, Robert Eversole, Charles D. Mackenzie, John D. Neill

United States Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service / University of Nebraska-Lincoln: Faculty Publications

Bovine viral diarrhea virus (BVDV) infections cause respiratory, reproductive, and enteric disease in cattle. Vaccination raises herd resistance and limits the spread of BVDV among cattle. Both killed and modified live vaccines against BVDV are available. While modified live vaccines elicit an immune response with a broader range and a longer duration of immunity, killed vaccines are considered to be safer. One way to improve the performance of killed vaccines is to develop new adjuvants. The goal of this research was evaluate new adjuvants, consisting of combinations of Quil A cholesterol and dimethyldioctadecylammonium (DDA) bromide, for use in killed vaccines. …

Comparison Of Broiler Litter And Commercial Fertilizer At Equivalent N Rates On Soil Properties, Ardeshir Adeli, Haile Tewolde, Karamat Sistani, Dennis Rowe

United States Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service / University of Nebraska-Lincoln: Faculty Publications

A 3-year study was conducted to determine the effects of broiler litter relative to inorganic fertilizer on soil nutrient content and quality in an upland Loring silt loam soil. Treatments included annual broiler litter rates of 0, 2.2, 4.5, 5.6, 6.7, 10.1, and 13.4 Mg ha⁻¹ y⁻¹ and commercial fertilizer rates of 34, 68, 90, 112, 134, and 168 kg nitrogen (N) ha⁻¹ y⁻¹. Broiler litter application linearly increased soil total carbon (C), microbial biomass C, extractable soil phosphorus (P), potassium (K), soil cation exchange capacity (CEC), and the stability of soil aggregate. At the …

Overseeding Unimproved Warm-Season Pasture With Cool- And Warm-Season Legumes To Enhance Forage Productivity, P. W. Bartholomew, R. D. Williams

United States Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service / University of Nebraska-Lincoln: Faculty Publications

Overseeding forage legumes into existing warm-season pasture may help to reduce cool-season forage deficit on small and resource-limited small farms in the southern Great Plains of the United States. Unimproved warm-season grass pastures were overseeded with Korean lespedeza (Lespedeza stipulacea Maxim) were not overseeded with summer legume. These same plots were subsequently overseeded with hairy vetch (Vicia villosa Roth), crownvetch (Coronilla varia L.), black medic (Medicago lupulina L.) or ladino white clover (Trifolium repens L.) or, not overseeded with cool-season legume. Including lespedeza in a forage mixture increased total forage yield by an average of …

System Development For High Frequency Ultrasound-Guided Fluorescence Quantification Of Skin Layers, Josiah D. Gruber, Akshat Paliwal, Venkataramanan Krishnaswamy, Hamid Ghadyani

Dartmouth Scholarship

No abstract provided.

Ethnographic Reflection On Group Formation In Blizzard's "World Of Warcraft", John Christopher Spottke

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Cyberanthropology or the anthropology of cyber space/culture is an emerging subfield of cultural anthropology that deals with the varied integration of human beings and technology. This specialized area of study focuses on topics ranging from new technologies used in ethnographic research to information and communication technologies utilized by specific societal groups. Communication technology encompasses the World Wide Web, email, and online multiperson interactive spaces such as chatrooms and video games. In this work, I ethnographically investigate human social interactions in the online gaming realm of World of Warcraft. On the whole, the expanding numbers of virtual communities in existence today …

Taxonomy Versus Phylogeny Phylogeography Of Marsh Rabbits Without Hopping To Conclusions, Rosanna M. Tursi

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Subspecific taxonomic designations solely based on morphological characters can often lead to erroneous assumptions about the evolutionary history of populations. This study sought to investigate evolutionary questions and conservation implications associated with morphological subspecific designations of island populations. To this end, I focused my attention on the Lower Keys of Florida, a unique chain of islands with well-known geologic history and rich in endemic, endangered subspecies. I employed genetic analyses to evaluate historical variation and contemporary restriction of gene flow between the endangered Lower Keys marsh rabbit (Sylvilagus palustris hefneri) and its sister mainland taxa. A Bayesian phylogeny using 1063 …

The Cellular And Genetic Mechanisms Underlying Morphological Diversity Of Insects, Nataliya Turchyn

Wayne State University Dissertations

The vast diversity of insect appendages provides an excellent model for examining the cellular and molecular basis of phenotypic changes in nature. One of the hallmarks of evolution of insect appendages is the differential enlargement of hind (T3) legs compared to their fore (T1) and mid (T2) counterparts. While basic information regarding the genetic mechanisms that regulate the size of the T3 legs became available in the past several years, virtually nothing is known about cellular mechanisms involved. To address this issue, we measured the relative mitotic activity (RMA) in Acheta domesticus (house cricket) and Oncopeltus fasciatus (milkweed bug), two …

Characterization Of Arsd: An Arsenic Chaperone For The Arsab As(Iii)-Translocating Atpase, Jianbo Yang

Wayne State University Dissertations

Arsenic is a metalloid toxicant that is widely distributed throughout the earth's crust and causes a variety of health and environment problems. As an adaptation to arsenic-contaminated environments, organisms have developed resistance systems. In bacteria and archaea various ars operons encode ArsAB ATPases that pump the trivalent metalloids As(III) or Sb(III) out of cells. In these operons, an arsD gene is almost always adjacent to the arsA gene, suggesting a related function. ArsA is the catalytic subunit of the pump that hydrolyzes ATP in the presence of arsenite or antimonite. ArsB is a membrane protein which containing arsenite-conducting pathway. ArsA …

Dynamic Multivariate Simplex Splines For Volume Representation And Modeling, Yunhao Tan

Wayne State University Dissertations

Volume representation and modeling of heterogeneous objects acquired from real world are very challenging research tasks and playing fundamental roles in many potential applications, e.g., volume reconstruction, volume simulation and volume registration. In order to accurately and efficiently represent and model the real-world objects, this dissertation proposes an integrated computational framework based on dynamic multivariate simplex splines (DMSS) that can greatly improve the accuracy and efficacy of modeling and simulation of heterogenous objects. The framework can not only reconstruct with high accuracy geometric, material, and other quantities associated with heterogeneous real-world models, but also simulate the complicated dynamics precisely by …

Defensins In Ocular Immunity, Minhao Wu

Wayne State University Dissertations

Corneal infection with P. aeruginosa results in corneal perforation in susceptible

B6, but not resistant BALB/c mice. This study explored their role mBD 1-4 in corneal

infection, and their potential synergy. Immunostaining and real-time RT-PCR data

demonstrated that their expression was either constitutive (mBD1 and mBD2) or

inducible (mBD3 and mBD4) in normal BALB/c and B6 corneas, and disparately

regulated in BALB/c vs B6 corneas after infection. Knock down studies using siRNA

treatment indicated that mBD2 and mBD3, but neither mBD1 nor mBD4, is required in

ocular defense. Moreover, in vivo studies demonstrated individual and combined effects

of mBD2 and …

The Impact Of Mitochondria On Preimplantation Development In The Rhesus Macaque, Tiffini Charieace Gibson

Wayne State University Dissertations

Assisted Reproduction Technologies (ART) have been used to treat infertility since 1790. In the centuries following, dramatic advances have been made in the field of infertility research through the employment of a variety of species. Despite these advances, determination of oocyte and embryo quality remains largely subjective. Ascertainment of methods to measure oocyte and embryo quality to improve selection in ART clinics and increase pregnancy success rates is imperative. These methods are only possible with a more comprehensive understanding of the cellular and molecular properties of oocytes and preimplantation embryos. A key component of all cells, including oocytes and embryos, …

Unraveling The Molecular Mechanisms Of Insect Diversity, Steven Michael Hrycaj

Wayne State University Dissertations

ABSTRACT

UNRAVELING THE MOLECULAR MECHANISMS OF INSECT DIVERSITY

by

STEVEN MICHAEL HRYCAJ

April 2010

Advisor: Dr. Aleksandar Popadic´

Major: Biological Sciences

Degree: Doctor of Philosophy

While it has long been recognized that the arthropods represent the most diverse animal phylum, the molecular bases defining these large-scale differences in body plans and appendages are only now becoming clear. Specifically, the recent merger between the fields of evolutionary and developmental biology ("evo-devo") have provided several examples illustrating that this extraordinary diversification may be due to evolved variation(s) in the developmental networks that control the formation of these structures. In addition, the delineation …

Distributed Cinema: Interactive, Networked Spectatorship In The Age Of Digital Media, Erik Wayne Marshall

Wayne State University Dissertations

Digital media has changed much of how people watch, consume and interact with digital media. The loss of indexicality, or the potential infidelity between an image and its source, contributes to a distrust of images. The ubiquity of interactive media changes aesthetics of images, as viewers begin to expect interactivity. Networked media changes not only the ways in which viewers access media, but also how they communicate with each other about this media. The Tulse Luper Suitcases encapsulates all of these phenomena.

The Effects Of Instructor-Learner Interactions On Learner Satisfaction In Online Masters Courses, Angelene Carol Mclaren

Wayne State University Dissertations

THE EFFECTS OF INSTRUCTOR-LEARNER INTERACTIONS ON LEARNER

SATISFACTION IN ONLINE MASTERS COURSES

by

ANGELENE C. MCLAREN

May 2010

Advisor: Dr. Monica Tracey

Major: Instructional Technology

Degree: Doctor of Philosophy

The purpose of this research study was to investigate the extent instructor-learner interaction types affected learner satisfaction in online, semester-long Masters courses. This research study lent itself to several questions: To what extent do instructor-learner interaction types affect learner satisfaction in online Masters courses; To what extent does instructional immediacy affect learner satisfaction in online Masters courses; To what extent does instructor availability affect learner satisfaction in online Masters courses; To …

Communicative Competence In Persons With Aphasia: The Impact Of Executive Function, Judy Marie Mikola

Wayne State University Dissertations

The purpose of this study was to examine the relationship between executive function and performance on selected linguistic tasks in persons with aphasia secondary to left frontal lesions.

A group of 15 persons with aphasia (PWA) completed three communication board tasks of varying levels of complexity and structure. The subject's functional use of the picture/word communication board was tested during a Story Retelling task. In addition, the PWA's executive function skills were examined using six nonverbal tests. The PWA group performance scores were compared to that of the neurologically healthy control group.

Results demonstrated that the control group performed significantly …

Factors Affecting Predation On Wood Turtle (Glyptemys Insculpta) Nests In The Upper Peninsula Of Michigan, Jenny Lynn Rutherford

All NMU Master's Theses

No abstract provided.

Spiritual And Material Crosses In The Works Of John Donne, Angela Aliff

All NMU Master's Theses

No abstract provided.

Grizzly Heaven, Robert R. Cole

All NMU Master's Theses

No abstract provided.

Characterization Of The R&R Consensus Region Using In Silico Molecular Modeling, Nethaniah Dorh

All NMU Master's Theses

No abstract provided.

Shades Of Clear, Daniel A. Gocella

All NMU Master's Theses

No abstract provided.

The Post-Freudian Casebook Neuronovel, Krysthol Kauffman

All NMU Master's Theses

No abstract provided.