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Activity And Interactions Of Liposomal Antibiotics In Presence Of Polyanions And Sputum Of Patients With Cystic Fibrosis, Misagh Alipour, Zacharias E. Suntres, Majed Halwani, Ali Azghani, Abdelwahab Omri

Biology Faculty Publications and Presentations

Background: To compare the effectiveness of liposomal tobramycin or polymyxin B against Pseudomonas aeruginosa in the Cystic Fibrosis (CF) sputum and its inhibition by common polyanionic components such as DNA, F-actin, lipopolysaccharides (LPS), and lipoteichoic acid (LTA). Methodology: Liposomal formulations were prepared from a mixture of 1,2-Dimyristoyl-sn-Glycero-3-Phosphocholine (DMPC) or 1,2-Dipalmitoyl-sn-Glycero-3-Phosphocholine (DPPC) and Cholesterol (Chol), respectively. Stability of the formulations in different biological milieus and antibacterial activities compared to conventional forms in the presence of the aforementioned inhibitory factors or CF sputum were evaluated. Results: The formulations were stable in all conditions tested with no significant differences compared to the controls. …

Water Intake And Adherence To Clear Fluid Goals In Children Receiving Treatment For Encopresis, Elizabeth Shannon Kuhl

Master's Theses and Doctoral Dissertations

A six-session group intervention for treatment of retentive encopresis designed by Stark and colleagues yields high adherence for fiber (Stark et al., 1990a; Stark et al., 1997), but not fluid (Kuhl et al., 2009), recommendations. Children may also rely heavily on drinking juice to meet their clear fluid targets (Kuhl et al., 2009). This study examined the effectiveness of an enhanced intervention (EI) in improving children’s fluid goal adherence and modifying their daily fluid intake to include more water and less juice.

Data for 19 children who completed treatment previously served as the Non-Enhanced Intervention (NEI), and 18 children completed …

Assessing Undergraduate Student Involvement: A Closer Look At The African American Pattern, Adam M. Jordan

Theses and Dissertations

The purpose of this study was to investigate the involvement patterns of selected African American undergraduate students and explore the reasoning as to why they choose to participate in certain groups and abstain from others. Data were collected through a three part survey with 60 Likert-type items used, and through a series of interviews. The population used was a convenience sample of 178 students at Rowan University's main campus in Glassboro, NJ. Eight students of that sample were purposely selected to participate in interviews. Data analysis of the surveys showed positive relationships between students who worked with classmates outside of …

Spfc Research Conference Guide 2009, Seattle Pacific University

School of Psychology, Family, and Community Research Conference

Full 2009 conference guide with descriptions of each poster or paper presented by students in Seattle Pacific University's School of Psychology, Family, and Community's annual research conference.

Best Management Practices For Corn Production In South Dakota: Recordkeeping, James A. Wilson, Kurtis D. Reitsma, David E. Clay

SDSU Extension Circulars

Recordkeeping is an important component of all crop production systems. The time that is spent maintaining careful records can help to improve the production, profit, and overall efficiency of the production enterprise. Records provide information needed to identify successes and failures.

Mustang Daily, May 27, 2009

Cal Poly Student Newspaper

Student newspaper of California Polytechnic State University, San Luis Obispo, CA.

Characterization Of The Type Vi Secretion Systems Of P. Syringae Pathovars Phaseolicola And Syringae

Theses

Pseudomonas syringae is a bacterial plant pathogen that infects a large variety of agricultural crops. Bacteria colonize leaf surfaces and enter plant mesophyll tissue through wounds or stomata. Once inside, P. syringae can alter plant cell signaling pathways and suppress plant defense responses enabling it to grow in the intercellular space in the mesophyll. P. syringae possesses at least two types of virulence factors that suppress plant defense responses: i) small phytotoxin molecules, and ii) effector proteins that are translocated through specialized secretion systems. Gram-negative bacteria possess at least six types of secretion systems. The P. syringae type II and …

Father-Daughter Attachment And Sexual Behavior In African-American Daughters, Karen Hill-Holliday

Theses and Dissertations

Although a relationship has been found in some studies between paternal attachment and female sexual behavior, knowledge of this relationship in African Americans has been limited. The purpose of this research was to determine if there was a relationship between father-daughter attachment, parent teen sexual risk communication and early sexual activity, condom use, history of sexually transmitted infection, global/sexual self-esteem and teen pregnancy in African-American females. An anonymous consent and survey was administered online to N=113 African American college women (age 18-21) attending a southeastern university. Measurements included the Parent Attachment Questionnaire (Father), Rosenberg’s Self-Esteem, Sexual Self-Esteem Inventory (short scale), …

Volume 46, Number 40: May 27, 2009, University Of North Dakota

University Letter Archive

No abstract provided.

Adenylyl Cyclases 1 And 8 Initiate A Presynaptic Homeostatic Response To Ethanol Treatment, Alana C. Conti, James W. Maas Jr., Krista L. Moulder, Xiaoping Jiang, Bhumy A. Dave, Steven Mennerick, Louis J. Muglia

Neurosurgery Faculty Publications

Background: Although ethanol exerts widespread action in the brain, only recently has progress been made in understanding the specific events occurring at the synapse during ethanol exposure. Mice deficient in the calciumstimulated adenylyl cyclases, AC1 and AC8 (DKO), demonstrate increased sedation duration and impaired phosphorylation by protein kinase A (PKA) following acute ethanol treatment. While not direct targets for ethanol, we hypothesize that these cyclases initiate a homeostatic presynaptic response by PKA to reactivate neurons from ethanol-mediated inhibition. Methodology/Principal Findings: Here, we have used phosphoproteomic techniques and identified several presynaptic proteins that are phosphorylated in the brains of wild type …

The Alestle - Vol. 61 No. 64 - 05/27/2009, Southern Illinois University Edwardsville

The Alestle

Vol. 61 No. 64

Characterization Of Agricultural Runoff Associated With Proagritm Treatment Of Poultry Litter Added To Soils, Chrissy Harris

Student Theses and Dissertations

One of the greatest problems facing crop producers, who utilize poultry litter as a fertilizer for their fields, is phosphorus (P) runoff. Although phosphorus is a necessary element for optimal crop production, it can also have an adverse reaction when introduced into the aquatic environment. This problem is thought to have been helped by a new litter treatment product, ProAgriTM that became available for use in the poultry houses, which allegedly binds up the excess P. The purpose of this study was to examine the effect of the ProAgriTM on water quality of runoff. Four different treatments which included a …

Moose Student Receives Um Scholarship, University Of Montana--Missoula. Office Of University Relations

University of Montana News Releases, 1928, 1956-present

No abstract provided.

Acceptability Of Parent-Child Interaction Therapy, Jacqueline Mezza Titus

Master's Theses and Doctoral Dissertations

The behaviors associated with Oppositional Defiant Disorder and other disruptive behavior disorders constitute the most common reason for referral of young children to mental health services (Schuhmann, Durning, Eyberg, & Boggs, 1996). Parent-Child Interaction Therapy is an empirically supported treatment for such disorders. However, families are frequently unable to maximize their use of such treatments. Barriers to treatment participation prevent families from entering or staying in treatment. While most of the treatment effectiveness research has been conducted with Caucasian families, African American families and Caucasian families experience these barriers to different degrees, resulting in varying treatment adherence and unclear treatment …

Council For Iwu Women Inspiring Students, Graduates, Rachel Hatch

News and Events (Discontinued Series)

No abstract provided.

Portland Students Receives Um Scholarships, University Of Montana--Missoula. Office Of University Relations

University of Montana News Releases, 1928, 1956-present

No abstract provided.

Erdc-Crrel And Unh Form Partnership In Education, Erika Mantz, Marie Darling

Media Relations

No abstract provided.

The Murray Ledger And Times, May 26, 2009, The Murray Ledger And Times

The Murray Ledger & Times

No abstract provided.

Insight Into The Carboxyl Transferase Domain Mechanism Of Pyruvate Carboxylase From Rhizobium Etli, Tonya N. Zeczycki, Martin St. Maurice, Sarawut Jitrapakdee, John C. Wallace, Paul V. Attwood, W Wallace Cleland

Biological Sciences Faculty Research and Publications

The effects of mutations in the active site of the carboxyl transferase domain of Rhizobium etli pyruvate carboxylase have been determined for the forward reaction to form oxaloacetate, the reverse reaction to form MgATP, the oxamate-induced decarboxylation of oxaloacetate, the phosphorylation of MgADP by carbamoyl phosphate, and the bicarbonate-dependent ATPase reaction. Additional studies with these mutants examined the effect of pyruvate and oxamate on the reactions of the biotin carboxylase domain. From these mutagenic studies, putative roles for catalytically relevant active site residues were assigned and a more accurate description of the mechanism of the carboxyl transferase domain is presented. …

Microarray-Based Cancer Prediction Using Soft Computing Approach., Xiaosheng Wang, Osamu Gotoh

Journal Articles: Genetics, Cell Biology & Anatomy

One of the difficulties in using gene expression profiles to predict cancer is how to effectively select a few informative genes to construct accurate prediction models from thousands or ten thousands of genes. We screen highly discriminative genes and gene pairs to create simple prediction models involved in single genes or gene pairs on the basis of soft computing approach and rough set theory. Accurate cancerous prediction is obtained when we apply the simple prediction models for four cancerous gene expression datasets: CNS tumor, colon tumor, lung cancer and DLBCL. Some genes closely correlated with the pathogenesis of specific or …

Similar Patterns Of Linkage Disequilibrium And Nucleotide Diversity In Native And Introduced Populations Of The Pea Aphid, Acyrthosiphon Pisum, Jennifer A. Brisson, Sergey V. Nuzhdin, David L. Stern

School of Biological Sciences: Faculty Publications

Background: The pea aphid, Acyrthosiphon pisum, is an emerging genomic model system for studies of polyphenisms, bacterial symbioses, host-plant specialization, and the vectoring of plant viruses. Here we provide estimates of nucleotide diversity and linkage disequilibrium (LD) in native (European) and introduced (United States) populations of the pea aphid. Because introductions can cause population bottlenecks, we hypothesized that U.S. populations harbor lower levels of nucleotide diversity and higher levels of LD than native populations. Results: We sampled four non-coding loci from 24 unique aphid clones from the U. S. (12 from New York and 12 from California) and 24 …

“Design And Synthesis Of Molecular Probes For The Study Of 5-Ht2a And H1 Receptors”, Jitesh Shah

Theses and Dissertations

The serotonin (5-HT) receptors, with seven subtypes and at least fifteen distinct members, mediate a wide range of physiological functions both in the central nervous system and in the periphery. All members of the 5-HT family except the 5-HT3 subtype belong to the family of aminergic G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs). Over the years, various molecules have been reported which act selectively at 5-HT2 receptors. However, there are no ligands that exhibit complete selectivity for one subpopulation of 5-HT2 receptors. Insight into how drugs bind to 5-HT2 receptors could contribute significantly to the development of subtype-selective agents with enhanced therapeutic effects. …

Best Management Practices For Corn Production In South Dakota: Corn Grain Harvest, Daniel S. Humberg, Richard E. Nicolai, Kurtis D. Reitsma

SDSU Extension Circulars

Corn (grain) harvest can begin when grain moisture drops below 30%. However, most producers will allow corn to dry in the field until grain moisture is between 18 to 25%. Harvesting corn when grain moisture levels are high can result in excessive drying costs, kernel damage, and harvest loss from improper threshing. Allowing corn to stay in the field too long can result in excess harvest loss from stalk lodging, ear drop, or kernel shattering. An optimal harvest depends not only on the condition of the crop but also on the proper maintenance and adjustment of harvest and grain handling …

Development Of Ppar-Γ Receptor Agonists As Therapeutic Agents For Diabetes, Ashwini Goswami

Theses and Dissertations

The peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors (PPARs) are the transcriptional regulators of glucose, lipids and cholesterol metabolisms. It has been established that PPAR-γ is the receptor for thiazolidinediones (TZDs) class of type II anti-diabetic drugs. These compounds act as agonists of PPAR-γ. They may delay the development of type II diabetes in individuals at high risk of developing the condition, and have been shown to have potentially beneficial effects on cardiovascular risk factors. PPAR-γ receptor activation by TZDs improves insulin sensitivity by promoting fatty acid uptake into adipose tissue, increasing production of adiponectin (responsible for glucose regulation and fatty acid metabolism) and …

Deafdigest: Gold Edition, May 24, 2009, Barry Strassler

DeafDigest Gold 2009

No abstract provided.

27th Annual African American Commencement, 2009, San Jose State University, Associated Students

African American Commencement

27th Annual African American Commencement

"Amazement Awaits." The 2009 African American Commencement ceremony was held on Sunday, May 24, 2009 in the Morris Dailey Auditorium at San Jose State University.

Design And Synthesis Of Nanomaterials For Surface-Enhanced Raman Scattering, Fuel Cell Technology, And Photonics, Pedro Camargo

All Theses and Dissertations (ETDs)

In the first part of my dissertation, I developed two approaches for selectively probing the SERS activities of individual hot spots, i.e., experimentally detect the SERS signals only for the molecules that are trapped within the hot-spot region in individual Ag nanoparticle dimers. Then, I performed a systematic investigation on the SERS activity of individual dimers composed of two closed spaced Ag nanoparticles. By utilizing Ag nanoparticles displaying a variety of well-defined shapes, sizes and orientations to construct the dimers, I were able to precisely correlate the detected SERS signals to the specific geometry of individual hot spots. In the …

Uropathogenic E. Coli Employ A Conserved Intracellular Infection Pathway That Can Be Inhibited By Novel Anti-Virulence Therapeutics, Corinne Cusumano

All Theses and Dissertations (ETDs)

Urinary tract infections: UTIs) affect 13 million women annually in the United States and are predominately caused by uropathogenic Escherichia coli: UPEC). In a murine cystitis model, UPEC utilize a multistep pathogenic pathway in which they invade and form intracellular bacterial communities: IBCs) within bladder facet cells. Type 1 pili expressing the adhesin, FimH, are necessary for UPEC binding and invasion of urothelial cells and formation of IBCs. UPEC ultimately disperse from the IBC, many with filamentous morphology, and infect other host urothelial cells. Using a panel of UPEC clinical isolates, this work evaluates the conservation of the IBC pathway …

Integrated Genomics Of Susceptiblity To Therapy-Related Leukemia, Patrick Cahan

All Theses and Dissertations (ETDs)

Therapy-related acute myeloid leukemia t-AML is a secondary, generally incurable, malignancy attributable to the chemotherapeutic treatment of an initial disease. Although there is a genetic component to susceptibility to therapy-related leukemias in mice, little is understood either about the contributing loci, or the mechanisms by which susceptibility factors mediate their effect. An improved understanding of susceptibility factors and the biological processes in which they act may lead to the development of t-AML prevention strategies. In this thesis work, we identified expression networks that are associated with t-AML susceptibility in mice. These networks are robust in that they emerge from distinct …

Dissecting The Molecular Mechanisms Underlying Synpase Development And Neuronal Functions In Caenorhabditis Elegans, Shuo Luo

All Theses and Dissertations (ETDs)

The development and function of the nervous system is under delicate regulation of diverse tissue-derived signals in multi-cellular organisms. In Dr. Nonet's lab, I am using the model organism Caenorhabditis elegans to ask two basic questions: 1) How do different tissues in an organism coordinate to regulate neural functions and behaviors? 2) What controls the development of synapse, the basic unit of the nervous system? These questions divide my dissertation into three parts, with the first two parts related to the first question and the third part to the second question. In the first part of this dissertation, I present …