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2009

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No Teacher Left Behind: The Influence Of Teachers With Disabilities In The K-8 Classrooms. A Review Of The Literature, Amanda Hauk Jul 2009

No Teacher Left Behind: The Influence Of Teachers With Disabilities In The K-8 Classrooms. A Review Of The Literature, Amanda Hauk

Special Education Masters Program Theses

This review of the literature examines the profound influence teachers with disabilities can have in our classrooms. Teachers with disabilities act as valuable and realistic role models for all students and bring unique qualities to the classroom, including a passion for inclusive education and creative methods of instruction. However, prejudicial barriers to success often restrict these exceptional teachers from access to our classrooms, undermining the inclusion movement present in most special education programs and schools today. When these teachers are denied employment, students with disabilities suffer in and out of the classroom from a lack of identity construction, reduced self-esteem, …

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Teaching Children With Reactive Attachment Disorder: A Review Of The Literature, Shawn Travis Arnold Jul 2009

Teaching Children With Reactive Attachment Disorder: A Review Of The Literature, Shawn Travis Arnold

Special Education Masters Program Theses

Reactive Attachment Disorder (RAD) has been examined by the psychological community for many years, but only in recent years has it entered the realm of education and recognizing students with RAD has occurred. Disagreements continue to take place over what types of assessments or interventions may work for children with RAD. Often children with RAD are not diagnosis [sic] because the symptoms reflect other dysfunctional behaviors and teachers reject these students as unwilling to accept instruction. This paper is a literature review of professional articles available with bearing on teaching children with RAD. In addition, this article presents behaviors of …

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The Effects Of Obesity And Surgically-Induced Weight Loss On Exercise Ventilation: Influence Of Central Adiposity And Serum Leptin, Jeffrey Herrick Jul 2009

The Effects Of Obesity And Surgically-Induced Weight Loss On Exercise Ventilation: Influence Of Central Adiposity And Serum Leptin, Jeffrey Herrick

Theses and Dissertations

Truncal adiposity impairs ventilation in obese adults by altering normal ventilatory mechanics. Leptin, an inflammatory adipocytokine, is elevated in obesity and has been shown to alter ventilatory responses to exercise. Leptin’s bioavailability appears to be regulated by its soluble receptor (LRe), which is reduced in obesity. Roux-en-Y gastric bypass surgery (RYGBS) is a weight loss intervention that reduces total fat mass and improves several obesity related co-morbidities including pulmonary dysfunction. The purpose of this study was to first evaluate the differences between ventilatory responses to carbon dioxide (VE/VCO2 slope) during progressive treadmill walking in morbidly obese and normal weight females. …

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Range Expansion Of The Collared Peccary In New Mexico: Potential For Interactions Between Historically Separate Subspecies, Louis J. Lamit, Marguerite N. Hendrie Jul 2009

Range Expansion Of The Collared Peccary In New Mexico: Potential For Interactions Between Historically Separate Subspecies, Louis J. Lamit, Marguerite N. Hendrie

Western North American Naturalist

The collared peccary (Tayassu tajacu) is undergoing range expansion in the southwestern United States. Here we report sightings of the collared peccary from locations outside the known ranges of either of the subspecies, T. t. sonoriensis and T. t. angulatus, in south central New Mexico. Sightings include multiple individuals of different ages. This indicates that the collared peccary is expanding into previously unoccupied areas between the documented ranges of the 2 subspecies. We suggest that the possibility of gene flow between the 2 historically separate subspecies may have important evolutionary consequences.

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Capture Locations Of Two Endangered Rodents During A 1902 Exploration Of The Sacramento Mountains, New Mexico, Jennifer K. Frey, Robert D. Fisher, Suzanne C. Peurach Jul 2009

Capture Locations Of Two Endangered Rodents During A 1902 Exploration Of The Sacramento Mountains, New Mexico, Jennifer K. Frey, Robert D. Fisher, Suzanne C. Peurach

Western North American Naturalist

We investigated localities from which Eutamias atristriatus Bailey, 1913 (= Tamias minimus atristriatus) and Zapus luteus Miller, 1911 (= Zapus hudsonius luteus) were collected during a 1902 survey in the Sacramento Mountains, New Mexico, by the United States Biological Survey. The locality from which the holotype of Eutamias atristriatus was collected is restricted to James Canyon rather than the Rio Peñasco. Locality records indicate that the historical distribution of Zapus hudsonius luteus and its obligate wetland habitat were broader than currently realized.

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Camel Spider (Solifugae) Use Of Prairie Dog Colonies, B. D. Duval, W. G. Whitford Jul 2009

Camel Spider (Solifugae) Use Of Prairie Dog Colonies, B. D. Duval, W. G. Whitford

Western North American Naturalist

Solifugids (camel spiders) are widespread throughout arid regions of western North America and are thought to be important in structuring desert arthropod communities. Despite the ubiquity of camel spiders, little is known about their ecology. Black-tailed prairie dogs (Cynomys ludovicianus) are also widespread in western North America and are important ecosystem engineers, but they have been reduced in extent because of human activity. Here we report significantly greater numbers of camel spiders on black-tailed prairie dog colonies in southern New Mexico. The difference in vegetation structure created by prairie dog activity is likely the reason for the increased …

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Stalking The Big Bird: A Tale Of Turkeys, Biologists, And Bureaucrats By Harley Shaw, Jared B. Lee, Jerald B. Johnson Jul 2009

Stalking The Big Bird: A Tale Of Turkeys, Biologists, And Bureaucrats By Harley Shaw, Jared B. Lee, Jerald B. Johnson

Western North American Naturalist

No abstract provided.

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Front Matter, Vol. 69 No. 2 Jul 2009

Front Matter, Vol. 69 No. 2

Western North American Naturalist

No abstract provided.

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Reliability Of Sixteen Balance Tests In Individuals With Down Syndrome, Romina Villamonte Jul 2009

Reliability Of Sixteen Balance Tests In Individuals With Down Syndrome, Romina Villamonte

Theses and Dissertations

The purpose of this study was to determine the reliability of sixteen balance tests in individuals with Down syndrome (DS). The following tests were performed on 21 participants with DS, aged 5-31 years of age; standing test on firm and soft surfaces with the eyes opened and closed, a balance subset of the Bruininks-Oseretsky test, full turn, timed-up-and-go test, forward reach, and sit-to-stand. Each participant completed all 16 assessments twice on one day and then again on a subsequent day for a total of four trials. Seven tests had reliability coefficients greater than 0.55; one-leg stand on floor (0.76), on …

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A Methodology For Designing Product Components With Built-In Barriers To Reverse Engineering, Stephen P. Harston Jul 2009

A Methodology For Designing Product Components With Built-In Barriers To Reverse Engineering, Stephen P. Harston

Theses and Dissertations

Reverse engineering, defined as extracting information about a product from the product itself, is a common industry practice for gaining insight into innovative products. Both the original designer and those reverse engineering the original design can benefit from estimating the time and barrier to reverse engineer a product. This thesis presents a set of metrics and parameters that can be used to calculate the barrier to reverse engineer any product as well as the time required to do so. To the original designer, these numerical representations of the barrier and time can be used to strategically identify and improve product …

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Function Of The Notch/Delta Pathway In Ophthalmic Trigeminal Placode Development, Matthew K. Ball Jul 2009

Function Of The Notch/Delta Pathway In Ophthalmic Trigeminal Placode Development, Matthew K. Ball

Theses and Dissertations

The ophthalmic trigeminal placode (opV) is the birth place of one cell type of sensory neurons contributing to the trigeminal ganglion. Signals from the neural tube induce placodal identity within the surface ectoderm. Specified opV placode cells then up-regulate neuron differentiation markers and migrate to the ganglion. Several molecular pathways have been shown to act in opV placode cell development. Despite this, signals that specify individual neurons from within the opV placode remain unknown. However, it is known that components of the Notch signaling pathway are expressed in the opV placode. I tested the role of Notch signaling in opV …

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Subseafloor Sedimentary Life In The South Pacific Gyre, Steven D'Hondt, Arthur J. Spivack, Robert Pockalny, Timothy G. Ferdelman, Jan P. Fischer, Jens Kallmeyer, Lewis J. Abrams, David C. Smith, Dennis Graham, Franciszek Hasiuk, Heather Schrum, Andrea M. Stancin Jul 2009

Subseafloor Sedimentary Life In The South Pacific Gyre, Steven D'Hondt, Arthur J. Spivack, Robert Pockalny, Timothy G. Ferdelman, Jan P. Fischer, Jens Kallmeyer, Lewis J. Abrams, David C. Smith, Dennis Graham, Franciszek Hasiuk, Heather Schrum, Andrea M. Stancin

Graduate School of Oceanography Faculty Publications

The low-productivity South Pacific Gyre (SPG) is Earth's largest oceanic province. Its sediment accumulates extraordinarily slowly (0.1–1 m per million years). This sediment contains a living community that is characterized by very low biomass and very low metabolic activity. At every depth in cored SPG sediment, mean cell abundances are 3 to 4 orders of magnitude lower than at the same depths in all previously explored subseafloor communities. The net rate of respiration by the subseafloor sedimentary community at each SPG site is 1 to 3 orders of magnitude lower than the rates at previously explored sites. Because of the …

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In Vivo Colocalisation Of Oskar Mrna And Trans-Acting Proteins Revealed By Quantitative Imaging Of The Drosophila Oocyte, Musa M. Mhlanga, Diana P. Bratu, Auguste Genovesio, Agata Rybarska, Nicolas Chenouard, Ulf Nehrbass, Jean-Christophe Olivo-Marin Jul 2009

In Vivo Colocalisation Of Oskar Mrna And Trans-Acting Proteins Revealed By Quantitative Imaging Of The Drosophila Oocyte, Musa M. Mhlanga, Diana P. Bratu, Auguste Genovesio, Agata Rybarska, Nicolas Chenouard, Ulf Nehrbass, Jean-Christophe Olivo-Marin

Publications and Research

Efficient mRNA transport in eukaryotes requires highly orchestrated relationships between nuclear and cytoplasmic proteins. For oskar mRNA, the Drosophila posterior determinant, these spatio-temporal requirements remain opaque during its multi-step transport process. By in vivo covisualization of oskar mRNA with Staufen, its putative trafficking protein, we find oskar mRNA to be present in particles distinct from Staufen for part of its transport. oskar mRNA stably associated with Staufen near the posterior pole. We observe oskar mRNA to oligomerize as hundreds of copies forming large particles which are necessary for its long range transport and localization. We show the formation of these …

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Factors Influencing Selection Of Road Culverts As Winter Roost Sites By Western Burrowing Owls, Damon Williford, Marc C. Woodin, Mary Kay Skoruppa Jul 2009

Factors Influencing Selection Of Road Culverts As Winter Roost Sites By Western Burrowing Owls, Damon Williford, Marc C. Woodin, Mary Kay Skoruppa

Western North American Naturalist

The conversion of coastal prairie to farmland in southern Texas has drastically reduced the number of available animal burrows, thereby forcing western Burrowing Owls (Athene cunicularia hypugaea) wintering in southern Texas to use nontraditional roost sites such as roadside culverts. We studied factors influencing the selection of road culverts as roost sites by Burrowing Owls by comparing characteristics of 34 occupied and 100 unoccupied culverts. All occupied culverts were in agricultural habitat. Culverts with small diameters (≤16 cm) and those with an east–west orientation were occupied by Burrowing Owls in greater proportions than were culverts with larger diameters …

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Selective Herbivory By The Desert Woodrat (Neotoma Lepida) On Joshua Trees (Yucca Brevifolia), Monte P. Sanford, Nancy Huntly Jul 2009

Selective Herbivory By The Desert Woodrat (Neotoma Lepida) On Joshua Trees (Yucca Brevifolia), Monte P. Sanford, Nancy Huntly

Biology Faculty Publications

We studied herbivory by the desert woodrat (Neotoma lepida) on Joshua trees (Yucca brevifolia) in the Mojave Desert to determine whether N. lepida fed selectively based on leaf nitrogen content. We measured leaf nitrogen content and the location and amount of herbivory by woodrats on Y. brevifolia trees in southwestern Utah, USA. Neotoma lepida removed the outer tips of leaves (1/3 to 2/3 of total leaf length) but left leaf bases, which had lower nitrogen content, uneaten. Herbivory by N. lepida also was concentrated on rosettes that were oriented south, and these had significantly higher nitrogen …

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Phytogeography And Floristics Of Pinyon-Juniper Woodlands In Northern Arizona, Kyle Christie Jul 2009

Phytogeography And Floristics Of Pinyon-Juniper Woodlands In Northern Arizona, Kyle Christie

Western North American Naturalist

This study assesses the floristic diversity and affinities of pinyon-juniper (PJ) woodlands in northern Arizona at 2 different scales: regionally within the context of North American floristic patterns and locally within the 2500-m elevation gradient of the San Francisco Volcanic Field (SFVF). An analysis based upon 245 North American floras indicates that the PJ woodlands of the SFVF share strong affinities with the adjacent Colorado Plateau and Apachian floristic elements but also show high floristic similarity to the Great Plains. Data suggest that mid-elevation woodlands of the Colorado Plateau share floristic affinities with the Great Plains that are as strong …

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Selective Herbivory By The Desert Woodrat (Neotoma Lepida) On Joshua Trees (Yucca Brevifolia), Monte P. Sanford, Nancy Huntly Jul 2009

Selective Herbivory By The Desert Woodrat (Neotoma Lepida) On Joshua Trees (Yucca Brevifolia), Monte P. Sanford, Nancy Huntly

Western North American Naturalist

We studied herbivory by the desert woodrat (Neotoma lepida) on Joshua trees (Yucca brevifolia) in the Mojave Desert to determine whether N. lepida fed selectively based on leaf nitrogen content. We measured leaf nitrogen content and the location and amount of herbivory by woodrats on Y. brevifolia trees in southwestern Utah, USA. Neotoma lepida removed the outer tips of leaves (1/3 to 2/3 of total leaf length) but left leaf bases, which had lower nitrogen content, uneaten. Herbivory by N. lepida also was concentrated on rosettes that were oriented south, and these had significantly higher nitrogen …

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Distribution Of The Eastern Woodrat (Neotoma Floridana Campestris) In Southern Nebraska, Kole A. Kugler, Keith Geluso Jul 2009

Distribution Of The Eastern Woodrat (Neotoma Floridana Campestris) In Southern Nebraska, Kole A. Kugler, Keith Geluso

Western North American Naturalist

The eastern woodrat (Neotoma floridana) occurs throughout eastern and central parts of the United States. In Nebraska, 3 of 9 subspecies inhabit the state, including N. f. campestris, N. f. attwateri, and N. f. baileyi. We determined distributional limits of N. f. campestris along 2 river systems in southern Nebraska. As observed with other mammalian species in the Great Plains, we suspected that the distribution of woodrats likely had expanded, reflecting continued regulation of rivers and the concomitant increase in forests along them. We documented N. f. campestris at 7 sites in 5 counties, including a recent …

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Bats Along The Republican River And Its Tributaries In Southwestern Nebraska: Distribution, Abundance, And Reproduction, Matthew R. Serbousek, Keith Geluso Jul 2009

Bats Along The Republican River And Its Tributaries In Southwestern Nebraska: Distribution, Abundance, And Reproduction, Matthew R. Serbousek, Keith Geluso

Western North American Naturalist

Thirteen species of bats occur in Nebraska, but limited information is available on those inhabiting southwestern parts of the state. We investigated the distribution, abundance, and reproductive activity of bats in 5 counties in extreme southwestern Nebraska (Chase, Hays, Dundy, Hitchcock, and Red Willow). From April 2007 to April 2008, we deployed mist nets on 15 occasions at 8 localities over the Republican River and its tributaries. We captured 100 individuals representing 5 species, including the evening bat (Nycticeius humeralis), eastern red bat (Lasiurus borealis), hoary bat (Lasiurus cinereus), big brown bat (Eptesicus …

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Predator-Specific Mortality Of Pronghorn On Yellowstone's Northern Range, Kerey K. Barnowe-Meyer, P. J. White, Troy L. Davis, John A. Byers Jul 2009

Predator-Specific Mortality Of Pronghorn On Yellowstone's Northern Range, Kerey K. Barnowe-Meyer, P. J. White, Troy L. Davis, John A. Byers

Western North American Naturalist

Yellowstone National Park supports a small population (<300) of pronghorn (Antilocapra americana). Some individuals migrate during summer to areas characterized by reduced visibility, mixed habitat types, and a diverse predator community. Across areas selected by migratory and nonmigratory pronghorn, we documented cause-specific mortality of adults and fawns and assessed relative risk of predation by various predators. Coyotes (Canis latrans) accounted for 56% of adult predation and up to 79% of fawn predation. Cougars (Puma concolor) and wolves (Canis lupus) accounted for additional predation of adults, while cougars, black bears (Ursus americanus), and Golden …

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Postfire Recovery Of Two Shrubs In The Interiors Of Large Burns In The Intermountain West, Usa, Lori L. Ziegenhagen, Richard F. Miller Jul 2009

Postfire Recovery Of Two Shrubs In The Interiors Of Large Burns In The Intermountain West, Usa, Lori L. Ziegenhagen, Richard F. Miller

Western North American Naturalist

Shrub canopy cover can take between 10 and >50 years to recover to predisturbance levels following fire in sagebrush communities. The high degree of unpredictability of shrub recovery following prescribed fires and wildfires makes it difficult to prioritize restoration efforts and develop long-term plans for restoring or maintaining the integrity of sagebrush communities. Our overall goal was to develop a hypothesis based on descriptive data that describes the temporal pattern of recruitment for 2 important shrubs, Artemisia tridentata Nutt. ssp. vaseyana (Rydb.) Beetle and Purshia tridentata (Pursh) DC., in the interiors of large burns where little seed input from surviving …

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Genetics Of Allopatric Populations Of The Montane Vole (Microtus Montanus) And Mogollon Vole (Microtus Mogollonensis) In The American Southwest, Jennifer K. Frey Jul 2009

Genetics Of Allopatric Populations Of The Montane Vole (Microtus Montanus) And Mogollon Vole (Microtus Mogollonensis) In The American Southwest, Jennifer K. Frey

Western North American Naturalist

Variation at 21 allozyme loci and 10 restriction enzymes within the mitochondrial DNA control region was assessed among 3 allopatric populations of montane vole (Microtus montanus) in the American Southwest. Among populations of M. montanus, the population from the White Mountains, Arizona, was most genetically divergent. Genetic and biogeographic evidence supported recognition of the White Mountains population as a distinct subspecies, M. m. arizonensis. Results also supported recognition of the Mogollon vole (Microtus mogollonensis) as distinct from the Mexican vole (Microtus mexicanus).

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Ant Assemblages In Intact Big Sagebrush And Converted Cheatgrass-Dominated Habitats In Tooele County, Utah, Steven M. Ostoja, Eugene W. Schupp, Kelly Sivy Jul 2009

Ant Assemblages In Intact Big Sagebrush And Converted Cheatgrass-Dominated Habitats In Tooele County, Utah, Steven M. Ostoja, Eugene W. Schupp, Kelly Sivy

Western North American Naturalist

Biological invasions are one of the greatest threats to native species in natural ecological systems. One of the most successful invasive species is Bromus tectorum L. (cheatgrass), which is having marked impacts on native plant communities and ecosystem processes. However, we know little about the effects of this invasion on native animal species in the Intermountain West. Because ants have been used to detect ecological change associated with anthropogenic land use, they seem well suited for a preliminary evaluation of the consequences of cheatgrass-driven habitat conversion. In our study, we used pitfall traps to assess ant community assemblages in intact …

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Planted Grasslands And Native Sod Prairie: Equivalent Habitat For Grassland Birds?, Kristel K. Bakker, Kenneth F. Higgins Jul 2009

Planted Grasslands And Native Sod Prairie: Equivalent Habitat For Grassland Birds?, Kristel K. Bakker, Kenneth F. Higgins

Western North American Naturalist

Little is known about how avian relationships to tracts of native sod prairie compare with avian relationships to single and multiple species of cool- and warm-season grassland plantings. We compared grassland bird species richness and density in 5 grassland cover types (n = 97) in the tallgrass prairie region of eastern South Dakota and western Minnesota, 2001–2004. Grassland bird species richness was significantly higher in native sod prairies than it was in all planted cover types except warm-season mixes. Grasslands dominated by exotic species did not support as many grassland bird species or have species densities as high as …

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American Pikas Inhabit Low-Elevation Sites Outside The Species' Previously Described Bioclimatic Envelope, William G. Simpson Jul 2009

American Pikas Inhabit Low-Elevation Sites Outside The Species' Previously Described Bioclimatic Envelope, William G. Simpson

Western North American Naturalist

It has been suggested that Nearctic pikas (Ochotona spp.) are good biogeographic indicators of regions containing rocky, mesic, and cool habitat characterized by long winters and short summers. I examined whether populations of pikas inhabiting distinct low-elevation locales (121–255 m) are faithfully restricted to long-winter and short-summer conditions by monitoring the climate associated with American pikas (Ochotona princeps) in the southern part of the Columbia River Gorge, Oregon. Ambient air temperatures and weather conditions in the vicinity of 4 pika-occupied rockslides were monitored with remote temperature loggers and weather stations from June 2000 to June 2001. Temperatures …

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First Documentation Of Salmincola Californiensis In Lake Tahoe, Ca–Nv, Usa, Marcy Kamerath, B. C. Allen, S. Chandra Jul 2009

First Documentation Of Salmincola Californiensis In Lake Tahoe, Ca–Nv, Usa, Marcy Kamerath, B. C. Allen, S. Chandra

Western North American Naturalist

Salmincola californiensis is a parasitic copepod in the Lernaeopodidae family that commonly parasitizes salmonid fishes (Oncorhynchus spp.) by attaching near the fins and on gill filaments. Historically their distribution was limited to streams that emptied into the Pacific Ocean. During the summer of 2006, several rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) captured in Lake Tahoe were infested with S. californiensis. This is the first known record of S. californiensis in Lake Tahoe.

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Captures Of Crawford's Gray Shrews (Notiosorex Crawfordi) Along The Rio Grande In Central New Mexico, Alice Chung-Maccoubrey, Heather L. Bateman, Deborah M. Finch Jul 2009

Captures Of Crawford's Gray Shrews (Notiosorex Crawfordi) Along The Rio Grande In Central New Mexico, Alice Chung-Maccoubrey, Heather L. Bateman, Deborah M. Finch

Western North American Naturalist

We captured >2000 Crawford's gray shrews (Notiosorex crawfordi) in a riparian forest mainly consisting of cottonwoods (Populus deltoides) along the Rio Grande in central New Mexico. Little has been published about abundance and habitat of Crawford's gray shrew throughout its distributional range. During 7 summers, we captured shrews in pitfall traps at 13 study sites in Bernalillo, Valencia, and Socorro counties. Capture rates of shrews were greatest in August and September, and we did not detect a response of shrews to restoration treatments that removed nonnative plants from riparian forests. Results from our study indicate that …

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Note On Mortality Of The Emerging Stonefly Pteronarcys Californica On The Jocko River, Montana, Usa, Isaac P. Rockwell, Robert L. Newell Jul 2009

Note On Mortality Of The Emerging Stonefly Pteronarcys Californica On The Jocko River, Montana, Usa, Isaac P. Rockwell, Robert L. Newell

Western North American Naturalist

Cold air temperatures may have killed several emerging nymphs and adult Pteronarcys californica on the Jocko River, Montana. Some aquatic insect taxa emerge early on the Jocko River, likely due to warm water temperatures in winter and spring. At this location, P. californica emerges approximately 5–7 weeks earlier than it does on many other streams or rivers across the United States. We hypothesize that this earlier emergence may be a mortality factor when cold fronts cause air temperatures to drop below freezing. Other mortality factors are also discussed.

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On Differentiating Myotis Yumanensis And Myotis Lucifugus In The Field: A Reply To Carraway, Thomas J. Rodhouse, Shonene A. Scott, Patricia C. Ormsbee, Jan M. Zinck Jul 2009

On Differentiating Myotis Yumanensis And Myotis Lucifugus In The Field: A Reply To Carraway, Thomas J. Rodhouse, Shonene A. Scott, Patricia C. Ormsbee, Jan M. Zinck

Western North American Naturalist

No abstract provided.

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Ecology And Management Of The North American Moose By Albert W. Franzmann And Charles C. Schwartz, Charles J. Randel Iii Jul 2009

Ecology And Management Of The North American Moose By Albert W. Franzmann And Charles C. Schwartz, Charles J. Randel Iii

Western North American Naturalist

No abstract provided.

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