Digital Commons Network^™

The Relationship Between Employment And Alcohol Consumption Among College Students, Justin Michael Sprung

Honors Program Theses

This study examines the relationship between employment and alcohol consumption among college students in order to determine whether one variable influences the other. A survey was utilized to investigate this relationship. A total of 687 students from the University of Northern Iowa, 226 males and 461 femal.es, participated in the study. The results indicated no significant relationship between student employment and alcohol consumption. However, it was found that alcohol consumption was significantly related to residency and gender. The findings of this study suggest that factors other than employment may play a more important role in determining the level of alcohol …

Reading Is For Girls: Examining Gender Differences In Reading Attitudes, Molly Jo Mcallister

Honors Program Theses

Recent research across the nation suggests that boys across the country view reading more negatively than girls. To investigate these trends on a more local level, a reading attitudes survey was conducted at two Eastern Iowa high schools to determine whether boys in this area do in fact view reading more pessimistically than girls. This survey was performed in ninth grade English classrooms at the two schools asking students to respond to various belief statements about reading. Students then rated their own feelings on a scale from "strongly disagree" to "strongly agree," and designated whether they were male or female …

Telos: An Interactive Platform For Broadcast Management, Andrew L. Knight

Honors Program Theses

The following thesis project is an attempt to consolidate a number of media management tools under a single interface, allowing for a streamlined, yet powerful, approach to the organization and distribution of multimedia content. The Total Electronic Listing Operations Suite, or Telos, is the main component of the thesis and the result of over a year of research and development. The two adjunct components are this review article (a commentary on the process, design, and implementation of the software), and the product overview, available at http://www.uni.edu/unitv/guide.html

Managing Risk In Life Insurance With Your Genetic Information: The Issues, The Options, And The Speed Of Progress, Michelle Gogerty

Honors Program Theses

legislation is already in place to restrict the use of genetic information in the health insurance industry (Genetics and Public Policy Center 2008) and several states have similar laws restricting its use in the life insurance industry as well (National Conference of State legislatures 2008}. It is only a matter of time before national legislation applicable to life insurance is enacted on the matter and I expect it to come within the next five years. Unless both insurers and consumers actively protect their rights to privacy, equality, and profitability, the result of that legislation may be very harmful to one …

Spatial, Geologic, And Land Use Characteristics Of Sinkholes In A Karst Landscape: Waverly, Iowa, Adam Richard Campbell

Honors Program Theses

The city of Waverly and its surrounding area in the Waverly Quadrangle has the fortune of having a large supply of groundwater that is easily accessible. However, the karst landscape that comprises much of the quadrangle has made the groundwater supply vulnerable to degradation from point and non-point contamination. Thus, it is crucial to explore the properties of sinkholes in the region to determine their threat to groundwater. To determine this threat, it is necessary to examine the characteristics of where and under what circumstances sinkholes develop. The Waverly Quadrangle is located entirely within the Iowan Surface. The bedrock in …

What's Up With Fiddler Crabs: Does Larval Dispersal Render Genetic Similarity In The Disjunct Distribution Of Uca Minax (Uca: Ocypodidae)?, Alexa Warwick

Honors Program Theses

The red-jointed fiddler crab, Uca minax, has a disjunct distribution along the Atlantic and Gulf coasts in North America. Previous studies have not found any significant discrepancies in morphology, physiology, or allozymes between the two groups of U.minax. The primary objective of this study was to use DNA sequence data to test whether genetic variation is consistent with patterns of morphological, physiological, and allozyme variation of the disjunct populations. We collected mitochondrial cytochrome oxidase subunit I and nuclear internal transcribed spacer sequences from approximately 100 individuals distributed across the range. Phylogenetic analyses of the haplotypes revealed no genetic differentiation …

Legal Aspects Of Prior Informed Consent On Access To Genetic Resources, Kuei-Jung Ni

Vanderbilt Journal of Transnational Law

Since the Convention on Biological Diversity (CBD) has been in force, national implementation of the access to and benefit-sharing (ABS) requirement on genetic resources has been flourishing. A requirement of prior informed consent (PIC) by the people controlling access to genetic resources constitutes a major instrument to deter illegal bioprospecting and to ensure fair access to genetic resources.

This Article aims to analyze the continuing global lawmaking on PIC and to conduct a comparative study on how genetically rich nations implement the PIC requirement with a view to examining whether the genuine mandate of the CBD has been fulfilled.

This …

Advertising Obesity: Can The U.S. Follow The Lead Of The Uk In Limiting Television Marketing Of Unhealthy Foods To Children?, David Darwin

Vanderbilt Journal of Transnational Law

Childhood obesity has tripled in the U.S. since the 1970s, and television advertisement of unhealthy foods has been linked to the unhealthy eating habits of children. The United Kingdom, facing a similar problem, promulgated regulations in 2007 banning the advertisement of foods high in fat, sodium, and sugar during programming directed at children below age 16.

In the U.S., industry representatives, public policy advocates, and government officials are debating whether to rely on self-regulation efforts or to implement government-established guidelines. Industry representatives argue that government guidelines would do little to solve the childhood obesity problem and that the UK regulations …

Beyond Economics: The U.S. Recognition Of International Financial Reporting Standards As An International Subdelegation Of The Sec's Rulemaking Authority, Jacob L. Barney

Vanderbilt Journal of Transnational Law

A final rule promulgated by the Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) in 2008 allowing foreign private securities issuers to prepare SEC-required financial disclosures under international financial reporting standards (IFRS) as promulgated by the International Accounting Standards Board (LASB) is a highly significant event for U.S. and global capital markets. However, surprisingly few questions have been asked regarding the SEC's legal authority to take such an unprecedented step.

This Note assesses the recent SEC action with regard to IASB from two perspectives--traditional administrative law, with particular emphasis on delegations by government entities to private parties, and international law, with particular emphasis …

Strengthening International Regulation Through Transnational New Governance: Overcoming The Orchestration Deficit, Kenneth W. Abbott, Duncan Snidal

Vanderbilt Journal of Transnational Law

A new kind of international regulatory system is spontaneously arising out of the failure of international "Old Governance" (i.e., treaties and intergovernmental organizations) to adequately regulate international business. Nongovernmental organizations, business firms, and other actors, singly and in novel combinations, are creating innovative institutions to apply transnational norms to business. These institutions are predominantly private and operate through voluntary standards. The Authors depict the diversity of these new regulatory institutions on the "Governance Triangle," according to the roles of different actors in their operations. To analyze this complex system, we adapt the domestic "New Governance" model of regulation to the …

Investing In Culture: Underwater Cultural Heritage And International Investment Law, Valentina S. Vadi

Vanderbilt Journal of Transnational Law

Underwater cultural heritage (UCH), which includes evidence of past cultures preserved in shipwrecks, enables the relevant epistemic communities to open a window to the unknown past and enrich their understanding of history. Recent technologies have allowed the recovery of more and more shipwrecks by private actors who often retrieve materials from shipwrecks to sell them. Not all salvors conduct proper scientific inquiry, conserve artifacts, and publish the results of the research; more often, much of the salvaged material is sold and its cultural capital dispersed. Because states rarely have adequate funds to recover ancient shipwrecks and manage this material, however, …

Honesty Is The Best Policy: A Case For The Limitation Of Deceptive Police Interrogation Practices In The United States, Irina Khasin

Vanderbilt Journal of Transnational Law

In the United States, police officers regularly employ deceptive interrogation tactics to extract confession evidence from suspects. Despite widespread recognition of the harm caused by police deception, courts in the United States have consistently condoned the practice, refusing to exclude confessions obtained through manipulative and deceitful means. The British Parliament has recognized that deceptive police practices yield false confessions and, thus, wrongful convictions. The Police and Criminal Evidence Act of 1984 addresses this concern by establishing clear rules for the police to follow and by empowering courts to enforce those rules. In evaluating the need for reform in American police …

Sanctions, Countermeasures, And The Iranian Nuclear Issue, N. J. Calamita

Vanderbilt Journal of Transnational Law

The international community's response to Iran's nuclear development program highlights the sometimes complex legal relationship between the UN system of collective security and the rights of states to take unilateral countermeasures under the law of state responsibility. It also raises a number of important questions about (a) the discretion afforded to states in the interpretation and implementation of Security Council resolutions, (b) the availability of countermeasures for the violation of multilateral obligations, and (c) the exclusivity of the Chapter VII framework for collective security.

This Article argues that, while the Security Council's Iran sanctions resolutions do not grant discretionary authority …

Computing Travel Time When The Exact Address Is Unknown: A Comparison Of Point And Polygon Zip Code Approximation Methods, Ethan M. Berke, Xun Shi

Dartmouth Scholarship

Travel time is an important metric of geographic access to health care. We compared strategies of estimating travel times when only subject ZIP code data were available.Using simulated data from New Hampshire and Arizona, we estimated travel times to nearest cancer centers by using: 1) geometric centroid of ZIP code polygons as origins, 2) population centroids as origin, 3) service area rings around each cancer center, assigning subjects to rings by assuming they are evenly distributed within their ZIP code, 4) service area rings around each center, assuming the subjects follow the population distribution within the ZIP code. We used …

Comparison Of Cotton Damage From Tarnished Plant Bug (Hemiptera: Miridae) And Southern Green Stink Bug (Hemiptera: Pentatomidae) Adults And Nymphs, F. R. Musser, K. S. Knighten, J. T. Reed

Midsouth Entomologist

Tarnished plant bugs (Hemiptera: Miridae) and southern green stink bugs (Hemiptera: Pentatomidae) infest cotton and cause similar symptoms. To increase our understanding of the feeding preferences of these insects so that thresholds and management strategies for these species can be improved, southern green stink bug and tarnished plant bug adults and nymphs were caged on cotton plants containing both squares and bolls. At harvest, bolls were analyzed for lint yield and quality in relation to their position on the plant when infested. The five nodes immediately below the infested flower node (small bolls when infested) had fewer undamaged bolls on …

Examination Of The Internal Morphology Of The Ixodid Tick, Amblyomma Maculatum Koch, (Acari: Ixodidae); A “How-To” Pictorial Dissection Guide, K. T. Edward, J. Goddard, A. S. Varela-Stokes

Midsouth Entomologist

There is inadequate documentation of how to dissect ticks, a process required for many tick and disease studies. While the literature may contain numerous line drawings and instructions describing the process, none is adequate for the novice tick dissector. We present a “how-to” description and pictorial essay outlining our approach to tick dissection. The ticks used in this study were adult male and female Gulf Coast ticks, Amblyomma maculatum Koch, though the methods described herein could be applied to any species. None of the A. maculatum specimens we dissected adequately demonstrated ovaries, so we used one female A. americanum L.tick …

The Discovery And Pursuit Of American Boutonneuse Fever: A New Spotted Fever Group Rickettsiosis', J. Goddard, A. Varela-Stokes

Midsouth Entomologist

There is a new tick-borne disease similar to Rocky Mountain spotted fever (RMSF) that was recently described from the southern United States. Cases of the disease are a subset of reported RMSF cases and therefore constitute a “disease within a disease.” The causative agent of this RMSF-like disease, however, is Rickettsia parkeri as opposed to R. rickettsii, the pathogen causing RMSF. Both organisms are in the spotted fever group (SFG) of rickettsiae, cross-react in laboratory tests used to diagnose RMSF, and therefore are difficult to differentiate serologically. The new malady has been tentatively named “American Boutonneuse Fever” (ABF) based on …

Front Matter

Michigan Journal of Public Health

No abstract provided.

The Beginning Of Public Health In Michigan Michigan State Board Of Health Reports, 1873-1900, G. Elaine Beane, Robert E. Mosher

Michigan Journal of Public Health

No abstract provided.

Changes In Immunization Practices, Knowledge And Beliefs Of Michigan Obstetrician-Gynecologists Since 2000, Meaghan A. Leddy, Bernard Gonik, Stanley A. Gall, Britta A. Anderson, Jay Schulkin

Michigan Journal of Public Health

No abstract provided.

Front Matter

Michigan Journal of Public Health

No abstract provided.

Table Of Contents

Michigan Journal of Public Health

No abstract provided.

H1n1 And Michigan, Violanda Grigorescu

Michigan Journal of Public Health

No abstract provided.

Using Card Matching Games To Reinforce Health Concepts At A Public Health Event, George W. Dombi

Michigan Journal of Public Health

Colorectal cancer is the second most common cancer for males and females combined, after lung cancer. A diet rich in fruits and vegetables may play a role in colorectal cancer prevention. During March 13-18, 2009, the Colorectal Cancer Awareness Network (CRAN) of Southeastern Michigan, in partnership with Get Your Guts in Gear presented CoCo the Colossal Colon®, a 40-foot long, human colon model at the Detroit Science Center. Healthyfood card matching games were played to reinforced the message of fruit and vegetable consumption for good colon health. The goal of this report is to show how to make and use …

An Effective Alcohol Prevention Program In Kent County, Michigan, Donald Tex Bryant

Michigan Journal of Public Health

Over a two year period the “Making Sobriety Attractive” program directed by Alert Labs has significantly decreased the use of alcohol and marijuana at a high school in Kent County, Michigan. The program uses an environmental approach by placing posters with messages that correct students’ misperceptions of alcohol and drug use at their school with the correct data about the actual use of these substances. The figures for the actual use are drawn from an annual survey of the students. As students begin to accept the messages about the actual use of illegal substances, their own use declines as they …

Governing In The Vernacular: Eugen Ehrlich And Late Habsburg Ethnography, Monica E. Eppinger

All Faculty Scholarship

Eugen Ehrlich's vision for a "dynamic conception of law" in 1903 challenges prior focus on doctrine and logic with a demand that legal science direct attention to the "facts of daily life." Ehrlich's program -- his innovative conception of law and calls for a new sociology of law -- has been claimed as inspiration by those intent on modernizing law and state administration and by critics launching attacks on state fetishism. Between these extremes, Ehrlich's understudied ideas about implementing "living law" as a program for governance deserve re-examination.

This Article, situating Ehrlich's work in the social, intellectual, and political milieu …

Nation-Building In The Penumbra: Notes From A Liminal State, Monica E. Eppinger

All Faculty Scholarship

The emergence of post-Socialist legal orders is reshaping some of the familiar terrain of comparative legal studies. This Article, invited as part of an effort to think about the topic of "What the Rest think of the West," reconsiders the vast legal re-codification projects that stand at the center of "nation-building" projects in formerly Socialist states. Such projects, and the rupture from which they emerge, challenge essentialist or static notions of identity and assumptions of where the West is or where the Rest begin. Anthropological concepts of "liminality" and "deixis" assist in understanding Ukrainian legal experts' thinking on legal reforms …

Arrow's Theorem And The Exclusive Shareholder Franchise, Grant M. Hayden, Matthew T. Bodie

All Faculty Scholarship

In this essay, we contest one of the main arguments for restricting corporate board voting to shareholders. In justifying the limitation of the franchise to shareholders, scholars have repeatedly turned to social choice theory—specifically, Arrow’s theorem—to justify the exclusive shareholder franchise. Citing to the theorem, corporate law commentators have argued that lumping different groups of stakeholders together into the electorate would result in a lack of consensus and, ultimately, the lack of coherence that attends intransitive social choices, perhaps even leading the corporation to self-destruct. We contend that this argument is misguided. First, we argue that scholars have greatly overestimated …

Experimenting With Territoriality: Pan-European Music License And The Persistence Of Old Paradigms, Ana Santos Rutschman

All Faculty Scholarship

This article tells the story of what could have been an interesting and important shift in our approach to territoriality in the digitalized world. Europe had the chance to be the cradle of an unprecedented copyright experience – the creation of a quasi pan- continental license in the music field – but it might have lost that opportunity in the midst of non-binding recommendations and resolutions. This article argues this loss is due to the overreaching persistence of old paradigms, namely the principle of territoriality.

American Oresteia: Herbert Wechsler, The Model Penal Code, And The Uses Of Revenge, Anders Walker

All Faculty Scholarship

The American Law Institute recently revised the Model Penal Code's sentencing provisions, calling for a renewed commitment to proportionality based on the gravity of offenses, the "blameworthiness" of offenders, and the "harms done to crime victims." Already, detractors have criticized this move, arguing that it replaces the Code's original commitment to rehabilitation with a more punitive attention to retribution. Yet, missing from such calumny is an awareness of retribution's subtle yet significant role in both the drafting and enactment of the first Model Penal Code (MPC). This article recovers that role by focusing on the retributive views of its first …