Digital Commons Network^™

Visions And Values: Ethical Reflections In A Jamesian Key, David E. Leary

Psychology Faculty Publications

The purpose of this article is to provide a quick survey of William James's views on the plurality of visions that humans have regarding reality, as a background for more extensive discussions of his views on the plurality of values that orient human thoughts, feelings, and behaviors, as well as his views on the enactment of those values through active resistance to the ways things are and the risk-taking involved in striving to improve the human condition. Consonant with pluralism itself, I intend this discussion to open up rather than close off further considerations of James's views on ethics.

Table Of Contents, Scott St. Amand

Richmond Public Interest Law Review

The Richmond Journal of Law and the Public Interest is pleased to present our annual fall issue. This issue focuses on the widespread implications of criminal law and procedure and the way it is both affected by and affects our society and its mores. The issue is divided into two parts: three articles written by independent authors, and two comments by University of Richmond Students.

Injury-In-Fact, Justice-In-Fiction: Toward A More Realistic Definition Of Injury In The Context Of Unenforced Criminal Laws, Jason R. Lafond

Richmond Public Interest Law Review

This article argues that the "prosecution or the credible threat of prosecution" standard endorsed by the Supreme Court of the United States to analyze standing in challenges to criminal laws is too narrow. Part I seeks to counter the notion of unenforced criminal laws as "dead words" and "harmless empty shadows" by reviewing recent research from multiple disciplines, including psychology, sociology, and economics, which shows that unenforced laws have as strong an effect on individuals and society as prosecution or the threat of prosecution. Part II traces the history and rationale of the notion of standing and the requirement of …

"You Think He Got Shot - Did You Maybe Shoot Him By Accident?": Linguistic Manipulation Of The Communicatively Immature During Police Interrogations, Kathryn C. Donoghue

Richmond Public Interest Law Review

It is undeniable that "punishment of the innocent makes a mockery of the law." Police who linguistically coerce false confessions from communicatively immature suspects mock the criminal justice system by evading accountability and convicting the vulnerable. This paper documents how common linguistic strategies directed at certain vulnerable groups have the potential to elicit false confessions. Part II reviews linguistic strategies routinely employed by trained interrogators. Part III then explores how mentally challenged and juvenile suspects, otherwise known as communicatively immature groups, are more susceptible to deceptive linguistic strategies. Part IV discusses how interrogators learn to extract confessions, while Part V …

Assessing The New Criteria For Newborn Screening, Jeffrey R. Botkin

Health Matrix: The Journal of Law-Medicine

No abstract provided.

Assisted Outpatient Treatment In Ohio: Is Jason's Law Life-Saving Legislation Or A Rash Response?, Steven Strang

Health Matrix: The Journal of Law-Medicine

No abstract provided.

Keeping Doctors Out Of The Interrogation Room: A New Ethical Obligation That Requires The Backing Of The Law, Ayham Bahnassi

Health Matrix: The Journal of Law-Medicine

No abstract provided.

Inmate Access To Elective Abortion: Social Policy, Medicine And The Law, Angela Thomas

Health Matrix: The Journal of Law-Medicine

No abstract provided.

Activity Loss Is Associated With Cognitive Decline In Age-Related Macular Degeneration., Barry W. Rovner, Robin J. Casten, Benjamin E. Leiby, William S. Tasman

Department of Psychiatry and Human Behavior Faculty Papers

BACKGROUND/METHODS: The objective of this study was to determine whether relinquishing cognitive, physical, and social activities is associated with an increased risk of cognitive decline in patients with age-related macular degeneration (AMD). We conducted a 3-year longitudinal study of 206 nondemented patients with AMD.

RESULTS: Twenty-three subjects (14.4%) declined cognitively. Age, sex, education, decline in visual acuity, and number of dropped activities were associated with cognitive decline; each additional dropped activity increased the risk by 58%. Subjects who relinquished three activities were 3.87 times (95% confidence interval, 1.95-7.76) more likely to become demented than subjects who relinquished no activities; those …

From Swarms To Summer Camps : A Theoretical Deconstruction Of Cohesion Among Groups Of Latency Aged Boys, Prairie Youn-Yuen Chiu

Theses, Dissertations, and Projects

This thesis is an interdisciplinary theoretical deconstruction of cohesion among groups of latency aged boys. Process research on the development of cohesion among informally organized groups of latency aged boys is lacking. Also, much of cohesion research is adult-oriented, rather than child-oriented. This project seeks to elucidate some of the hows of cohesion among this population by applying a biological theory examining cohesion among aggregates of animals to a social psychological theory considering cohesion among latency aged boys. It is the author's hope that such an approach will yield valuable insights into the mechanisms of cohesion and its facilitation, while …

2009 Lynn University Men's Baseball Media Guide, Lynn University Athletics

Athletics Media Guides

The 2009 Lynn University Baseball Media Guide is a product of the Lynn University Sports Information Office.

Draconian Or Just? Adopting The Italian Model Of Imposing Administrative Fines On The Purchasers Of Counterfeit Goods, Amanda Silverman

Cardozo Journal of International and Comparative Law

The note examines the effectiveness of penalizing consumers for purchasing counterfeit goods, focusing on Italy's approach and its implications for the U.S. It argues that such penalties can deter demand and reduce counterfeiting, aligning with the propertization of trademarks. The analysis highlights enforcement challenges, including proving consumer intent, and suggests using objective criteria like price and seller credibility. The note proposes adopting Italy's model in the U.S. to protect intellectual property and consumer trust, despite potential privacy concerns and enforcement difficulties.

Admissions Brochure 2009-2010, William & Mary Law School

Admissions Brochures

No abstract provided.

Arizona Pathways To Life Success For University Students (Aplus): Cultivating Positive Financial Attitudes And Behaviors For Healthy Adulthood, Soyeon Shim, Joyce Serido, Jing Jian Xiao

Human Development and Family Science Faculty Publications

Many college graduates will enter young adulthood poised for success. Some may stumble at first, and still others will fall. What sets them on different pathways?

To answer this question, we’ve started a landmark longitudinal research study to look at the connections between financial success and well-being in a diverse group of first-year college students: Arizona Pathways to Life Success for University Students (APLUS).

APLUS examines the factors that help shape students’ financial attitudes and behaviors and, in turn, how those attitudes and behaviors affect their current and future success in life.

Using data from 2,000+ students, this report summarizes …

Affective Reactivity Of Speech Disturbances In Schizotypy, Kyle Stuart Minor

LSU Master's Theses

Speech disturbances (SD) are a stable, pernicious symptom of schizophrenia that increase when negative emotion and/or arousal are elicited. While considerable research has examined SD in patients with schizophrenia, much less is known about individuals at risk for the disorder, who demonstrate schizophrenia-like, or schizotypic, traits. The present study examined SD and speech reactivity to stress, termed affective reactivity (AR), produced during a laboratory procedure in separate groups of controls and individuals with psychometrically identified schizotypy. This project had two primary aims: 1) to examine SD severity across schizotypy symptoms and 2) to examine how SD varies as a function …

Towards Pragmatic Competence In Communicative Teaching: The Question Of Experience Vs. Instruction In The L2 Classroom, Sarah J. Vitale

LSU Master's Theses

Traditionally, pragmatic aspects of the Spanish language are overlooked in the communicative classroom. Pragmatic competence is important because it may ultimately determine whether a successful communicative interaction takes place. Successful communication in language learning must not only address linguistic forms but also acknowledge language as a reflection of the socio-cultural norms of the L2 community. The research questions of this thesis explore the aspects of experience and instruction and their degree of influence as they relate to the development of pragmatic competence. This thesis reports on the results of a pedagogically-based, empirical study in which the researcher investigated the extent …

Comparing Social Skills In Children With Autistic Disorder And Pervasive Developmental Disorder Not Otherwise Specified, Mary Elizabeth Shoemaker

LSU Master's Theses

Although in recent years there has been a large amount of research on Autism Spectrum Disorders (ASD) in general, relatively few studies have focused on Pervasive Developmental Disorder Not Otherwise Specified (PDD-NOS) as a distinct category. As a deficit in social skills is said to be the primary defining feature of ASD, continued research on assessment and treatment of social skills deficits in ASD is warranted. The present study aims to examine the differences in social skills between children diagnosed with Autistic disorder and PDD-NOS using the Matson Evaluation of Social Skills for Youngsters (MESSY). This study extends a previous …

The Effect Of Stimulus Choice On A Discrimination Task: Pictures Vs. Objects, Kristen Abbondante

LSU Master's Theses

The effect of the type of stimuli, pictures vs. objects, on discrimination behavior, specifically noun discrimination, was examined with a single-subject multi-element design. A multiple probe across behaviors was used for two participants. The type of stimulus, picture or object, was the alternating treatment. Two autistic children were trained in six noun discrimination tasks utilizing a discrete trial training model counterbalancing the type of stimuli across participants. Generalization of object to pictures and pictures to objects was also examined. Results showed that type of stimuli, picture or object, did not affect treatment. Generalization data was idiosyncratic.

Nano-Mechanics Of Cartilage Glycosaminoglycans Using Molecular Dynamics Methods, Kevin Neil Hendrickson

Master's Theses

Articular Cartilage (AC) is the main load carrying material in synovial joints {Hamerman, 1962} and degeneration of AC can cause pain in the form of arthritis. Current work is centered on the method of replacing damaged cartilage inside the body (in vivo) with tissue engineered outside the body (ex vivo) {Temenoff, 2000}. In order to engineer tissue ex vivo similar to the native tissue in structure and function there must be a comprehensive understanding of the mechanical properties of AC. This work focuses on the study of glycosaminoglycans (GAGs), a molecule known to be primarily responsible for the compressive stiffness …

Gendered "Relations" In Haverhill, Massachusetts, 1719-1742, Douglas L. Winiarski

Religious Studies Faculty Publications

The two autobiographical narratives- so similar in content, structure, and physical appearance-raise intriguing questions regarding the degree to which Puritan gender norms shaped the religious experiences of laymen and laywomen in early New England. Historians remain divided in their analyses of this issue. Two decades ago Charles Cohen posited a spiritual equality in Reformed theology that rendered "androgynous" the language that laymen and laywomen deployed in the oral church admission testimonies recorded by Cambridge, Massachusetts, minister Thomas Shepard during the seventeenth century. Elizabeth Reis recently challenged Cohen's argument by highlighting the "subtle but significant ways" in which women internalized Puritan …

What Makes A “Good” Statistics Student And A “Good” Statistics Teacher In Service Courses?, Sue Gordon, Peter Petocz, Anna Reid

The Mathematics Enthusiast

Statistics is taught within a diverse array of disciplines and degree programs at university. In recent research we investigated international educators’ ideas about teaching and learning ‘service’ statistics. This paper investigates what these educators think are important attributes, knowledge and skills for learners and teachers of statistics. Results show that educators are in agreement about qualities of ‘good’ statistics students, such as curiosity and critical thinking. An emerging issue was the role mathematics plays in learning statistics as a service subject with some academics postulating mathematics as the basis of statistical learning, others proposing it has limited or little importance …

Undergraduate Student Difficulties With Independent And Mutually Exclusive Events Concepts, Adriana D'Amelio

The Mathematics Enthusiast

The concepts of disjunctive events and independent events are didactical ideas that are used widely in the classroom. Previous observations of attitudes in assessments given to students at university level who attended the introductory Statistics course helped to detect the confusion between disjunctive and independent events, and indicate the spontaneous ideas that students tend to elaborate about both concepts in different situations in which these appear. However the didactical relation between these ideas and their formal definitions is not known in detail. In this work, we analyze students’ misconceptions, their persistence, and the process by which the student confronts his …

Learning, Participation And Local School Mathematics Practice, Cristina Frade, Konstantinos Tatsis

The Mathematics Enthusiast

This paper reports on a study whose aim was to examine students’ learning in terms of participation in collective mathematical discussions. Our basic theoretical assumptions are based on a combination of situated learning perspectives and a framework that links social and psychological approaches of mathematical activity and learning. The research was carried out in a Year-8 classroom (students were aged 12 to 13), and the mathematical subject under investigation was area measurement. Data are presented to illustrate possible correspondences between ‘signs’ of learning and ‘local’ changes of participation. We conclude by discussing some pedagogical implications resulting from the study.

If A.B = 0 Then A = 0 Or B = 0?, Cristina Ochoviet, Asuman Oktaç

The Mathematics Enthusiast

We present a study carried out in Uruguay, with secondary school students and tertiary level mathematics students, concerning the zero-product property. In our research we observed that when early secondary and late secondary school students have to solve equations of the form (ax + b)(cx + d) = 0, they do not always apply the property, even when it is the only available tool and have received specific instruction on its application to the resolution of equations of this type. We also detected an error that students make when they have to verify the solutions of this type of equations. …

The Impact Of Undergraduate Mathematics Courses On College Student’S Geometric Reasoning Stages, Nuh Aydin, Erdogan Halat

The Mathematics Enthusiast

The purpose of this study is to investigate possible effects of different college level mathematics courses on college students’ van Hiele levels of geometric understanding. Particularly, since logical reasoning is an important aspect of geometric understanding, it would be interesting to see whether there are differences in van Hiele levels of students who have taken non-geometry courses that emphasize or focus on logic and proofs (Category I) and those that don’t (Category II). We compared geometric reasoning stages of students from the two categories. One hundred and forty nine college students taking various courses from the two categories have been …

Elementary School Pre-Service Teachers’ Understandings Of Algebraic Generalizations, Jean E. Hallagan, Audrey C. Rule, Lynn F. Carlson

The Mathematics Enthusiast

It is critical for all students to learn algebra, including the ability to generalize, to function in our increasingly complex world. This pretest/intervention/posttest study of preservice elementary teachers (N = 63) in their math methods course assessed their knowledge of writing and applying algebraic generalizations using instructor-made rubrics along with analysis of work samples and reported insights. Initially, although most subjects could solve a specific case, they had considerable difficulty determining an algebraic rule. After a problemsolving- based teaching intervention, students improved in their ability to generalize, however, they encountered more difficulty with determining the algebraic generalization for items arranged …

Fostering Connections Between The Verbal, Algebraic, And Geometric Representations Of Basic Planar Curves For Student’S Success In The Study Of Mathematics, Margo F. Kondratieva, Oana G. Radu

The Mathematics Enthusiast

We discuss the significance of making connections between the verbal, algebraic, and geometric representations of basic mathematical objects for students’ understanding of mathematical instructions. Our survey of 499 students enrolled in a precalculus university course reveals that such connections are not always present, even if the objects themselves are familiar to the students. We stress that the ability of making these connections needs to be specifically addressed in teaching mathematics at various levels. A proper attention to the matter contributes to the formation of students’ mathematical background, which makes a difference for their success in study of calculus, in particular.

Cns Connections, Winter 2009-10, University Of Northern Iowa. College Of Natural Sciences.

CNS Connections

Inside this issue:

-- Message from the Dean
-- CNS explores alternative energy possibilities
-- CNS News in Short
-- Green promises kept at CEEE
-- Applause
-- Transitions
-- Summer camps help middle school students to experience science firsthand
-- CNS students in the news
-- IMSEP awards grants
-- Citizen Science aims to make science accessible
-- CNS team participates in project to explore Earth's interior
-- Faculty research
-- Imagine the impact
-- South campus trail provides portal to nature
-- Internationally distinguished UNI grad establishes teaching and learning award
-- Alumni News
-- CNS advisory board

Is Teleworking For Millennials?, Arlene J. Nicholas, Indira Guzman

Faculty and Staff - Articles & Papers

While research has examined generational attitudes regarding work, there are limited studies on the expectations of the newest workforce, the Millennials (born 1981- 1999). This study looks at the Millennials’ attitudes toward autonomy, work/life balance, perceived computer competence and its relationship with telework preference. Using a survey instrument, a sample representing 195 Millennials and 68 non-Millennials were scrutinized to determine their preferences by group. Partial support was found for the effect of autonomy and work/life balance toward the preference to telework. Millennials do not seem to prefer teleworking. However, differences between males and females depicted greater interest in males.

3 Strikes And You’Re Out: Reasons To Eliminate Sports In School, Craig Vivian

Journal of Inquiry and Action in Education

The overgrowth of sports in our society and has resulted in a host of potential problems for the young people who associate with the sports culture found in schools. Although the positive elements of sports are routinely touted, the negatives are far more insidious to youth. Most of the positive aspects of sports are unproven, overstated, or subverted by the culture of sports as it exists today. The sports culture creates understandings of the world and self that are at odds with the public mission of schools in a democratic society. The essay proposes that sports be taken out of …