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The Nobel Effect, Roger P. Alford

Journal Articles

For the first time in scholarly literature, this article traces the history of modern international law from the perspective of the constructivist theory of international relations. Constructivism is one of the leadings schools of thought in international relations today. This theory posits that state preferences emerge from social construction and that state interests are evolving rather than fixed. Constructivism further argues that international norms have a life cycle composed of three stages: norm emergence, norm acceptance (or "norm cascades"), and norm internalization. As such, constructivism treats international law as a dynamic process in which "norm entrepreneurs" interact with state actors …

Bulletin Of The University Of San Diego Graduate Division 2009-2011, University Of San Diego

Graduate Course Catalogs (1971-)

233 pages : illustrations, photographs ; 27.5 cm

Socially Engaged Buddhist Nuns: Activism In Taiwan And North America, Karma Lekshe Tsomo Phd

Theology and Religious Studies: Faculty Scholarship

The last decades of the twentieth century have been a time of new visibility and social activism for Buddhists in Taiwan and around the world. This paper compares the social engagement of nuns in the Chinese Buddhist tradition in Taiwan and North America. I would like to argue that whereas nuns in Taiwan have developed a variety of approaches to social involvement, their counterparts in the Chinese diaspora in North America have had to face a set of challenges specific to overseas Chinese communities in addition to Chinese Buddhist tradition. The article concludes with reflections on the prospects for nuns' …

Being Buddhist, Karma Lekshe Tsomo Phd

Theology and Religious Studies: Faculty Scholarship

When I first encountered the Buddhist teachings, they vastly expanded my evolving ideas about life and helped me to recognize the limitations of my own perceptions. As a child, I suspected that perception was an individual process and that misunderstandings between people were based on different perspectives. Human beings' backgrounds and experiences seemed so diverse; it came as no surprise that they saw the world differently. Buddhist views on perception not only confirmed my suspicions, but also explained in depth the processes involved in human cognition and the ways in which our personal biases and preferences colour our images of …

2009 Usd Fact Book, University Of San Diego

USD Fact Books (1985- )

No abstract provided.

Usd President's Report 2009, University Of San Diego

President's Reports (1985- )

Letter from the President, 2010 Desk Calendar, Our Catholic Character, The Underlying Framework, Embracing Academic Freedom, Beyond the Classroom, A Resonant Philosophy, Beauty, Goodness and Truth, In Search of Meaning, Renewal and Reflection, To Serve With Compassion, An International Effort, Working t Peace, The Gift of Diversity, Financial Operations, University Leadership

Evaluation Of Mixed-Effects Modeling Techniques For The Analysis Of Longitudinal Data Collected From Pk-Pd And Efficacy Clinical Trials, Rajesh Narwal

Open Access Dissertations

Linear and non-linear mixed effects modeling techniques are of great importance for the analysis of repeated measure data collected from various pharmacokinetic (PK)-pharmacodynamic (PD) and efficacy clinical trial during drug development. Monte-Carlo simulations were used to evaluate and compare the properties of mixed-model for repeated measure (MMRM) to fixed-effects ANOVA. The methods were compared using three different response profiles, four types of correlation structures (unstructured, compound symmetry, autoregressive and Toeplitz) and three types of missing mechanisms (MCAR (missing completely at random), MAR (missing at random) and MNAR (missing not at random). The MMRM methods adequately controlled type-I error and provided …

Sex For Dinner, Death For Breakfast: James Bond And The Body, Brian A. Dixon

Open Access Dissertations

This study is concerned with the literature, films, artwork, and advertising associated with Ian Fleming's James Bond 007 and examines various representations of the human body that play an integral role in his adventures. For Fleming, the body is simultaneously a site of secrecy, revelation, contact, and exposition presaging the future of politics, culture, sexuality, and consumption. The various accoutrements that are common to the 007 adventures--including elaborate references to fashion, food and drink, sex, and methods of execution--accentuate and attune this focus. An examination of these elements and their bodily referents serves to reveal the extent to which these …

Milking The Umbilical Cord At Term Cesarean Section: Effect On Hemoglobin Levels In The First 48 Hours Of Life, Debra A. Erickson-Owens

Open Access Dissertations

New evidence suggests immediate clamping of the umbilical cord may contribute to anemia of infancy. It can deprive a full-term infant of 25% of its blood volume, representing up to 50 mg/kg of iron. Poor iron stores can affect the developing brain. Immediate clamping is routine at cesarean section but lacks scientific evidence. Delayed clamping for two minutes can reduce anemia but is not always feasible at cesarean section. Cord milking may offer an alternative at cesarean section for the prevention of anemia. This pilot study, a partially-blinded randomized controlled trial, compared immediate clamping and cord milking in full-term infants …

East Meets West: Chinese Reception And Translation Of Virginia Woolf, Guanglan Jin

Open Access Dissertations

This dissertation traces the evolution of the Chinese reception of Virginia Woolf through historical contextualization and explores the cultural conflicts in the Chinese interpretation and translation of Woolf with special emphasis on her feminism from a cross-cultural perspective. It also examines Woolf s and Ling Shuhua's critique of the tyrannies in the private world in their autobiographical works. The two stages of the Chinese reception of Woolf parallel those of the western one. The first stage from the early 1930s to the late 1940s may be characterized by so-called "interaction" between the Bloomsbury and Crescent Moon groups. It includes the …

Nurse Job Stress, Burnout, Practice Environment And Maternal Satisfaction In The Neonatal Intensive Care Unit, Katheleen Hawes

Open Access Dissertations

The environment of the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit is stressful for nurses, infants and families. Nurse job stress is related to burnout, workforce absenteeism, retention and turnover. The current national shortage magnifies the need to understand this critical care work environment in order to: retain and recruit nurses, improve job satisfaction, and improve patient outcomes. The study's purpose was to examine the relationships among the factors of nursing practice: professional practice environment, stress, and burnout; and maternal satisfaction in a 60 bed bay-style level III NICU. The conceptual framework was role stress. Role ambiguity and role conflict, forms of role …

Conservation Genetics Of Association Of Zoos And Aquariums And Wild Matshie's Tree Kangaroo (Dendrolagus Matschiei) From Huon Peninsula, Papua New Guinea, Thomas Joseph Mcgreevy Jr.

Open Access Dissertations

The Association of Zoos and Aquariums (AZA) Matschie's tree kangaroo (Dendrolagus matschiei) population is at a critical point for assessing long-term viability; they have endured a founder effect and have low mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) diversity. The mean kinship (MK) strategy is used to preserve their genetic diversity by minimizing the overall kinship of the population; however, the MK strategy has not been evaluated in an AZA population. Wild D. matschiei is listed as endangered and genetically unique populations may warrant management as separate conservation units. My objectives were to: (i) develop molecular markers to facilitate genetic analyses, (ii) assist AZA …

Fertilizing The Land, Lagoons, And Sea: A First Look At Human Impacts On The Nile Delta Fishery, Egypt, Autumn Jean Oczkowski

Open Access Dissertations

The primary focus of this dissertation is to look more closely at the influence of anthropogenic nutrients on the recovery of Egypt's Nile Delta fishery since the mid-1980's. Up to half of Egypt's fish production has come from four large coastal lagoons, which receive large amounts of nitrogen (N) and phosphorous (P) rich agricultural drainage. In Chapter 1, I provide some of the first evidence supporting a previously theoretical model that links increasing nutrient concentrations to fishery yields. Using data compiled from the literature, fish landings in the four lagoons increased with increased nutrients up to a peak at approximately …

Economics Of Bluefin Tuna Aquaculture In The United States, Gina Louise Shamshak

Open Access Dissertations

This research presents a bioeconomic framework for assessing the economics of offshore bluefin tuna aquaculture production by developing a dynamic stochastic adaptive bioeconomic model of such an offshore enterprise. The bioeconomic model incorporates the biological constraints of the species, the interaction of relevant economic parameters and constraints, and stochastic sources of risk to solve for the profit maximizing behavior of a farmed bluefin tuna producer. The model identifies the optimal harvest schedule for an offshore bluefin tuna farming facility that maximizes the net present value of the operation under a variety of economic, biological and regulatory conditions. This model is …

The Effects Of Wife-Abuser Socio-Economic Level, Type Of Abuse, And Rater Gender, On Attribution Of Blame For Wife Abuse, Hayley Y. Golden

Open Access Dissertations

This study examined how wife abuse is constructed within the non-professional population, with an emphasis on the role of gender, as reflected in men's and women's differing attributions of blame for wife abuse to several possible causes (perpetrator, victim, situation, and societal attitudes). Fictional vignettes featuring married couples were used to vary two other potential influences on allocation of blame: socioeconomic status (SES) and physical vs. emotional abuse type. Four blame attribution scales in the Domestic Violence Blame Scale (DVBS) (Petretic-Jackson, Sandberg, & Jackson, 1994) served as dependent variables, with two levels of SES and abuse type portrayed in four …

Benthic Macrofauna In Narragansett Bay, Rhode Island: An Examination Of Factors Causing Variability In Community Structure, Christopher John Calabretta

Open Access Dissertations

Benthic macrofaunal communities in the upper Narragansett Bay, Rhode Island have been sampled annually since 2000 as part of the Narragansett Bay Benthic Study (NBBS). This work explored the natural and anthropogenic drivers underlying spatial and temporal variability in benthic community structure. Spatial variability in the structure of Narragansett Bay's benthic macrofaunal communities was related to the degree of exposure to anthropogenic stress. Results suggested a progression in the structure of benthic assemblages from early successional stages in the areas of Mt. Hope Bay and Conimicut Point, to an intermediate stage at the mouth of Greenwich Bay and culminating with …

Resistance To Northern Root-Knot Nematode (Meloidygyne Hapla Chitwood) In Lettuce (Lactuca Sativa L.), Parminderjit Kaur

Open Access Dissertations

The present study was undertaken to identify lettuce gel' plasm having resistance to M. hapla. Approximately 500 Lactuca accessions were evaluated in the greenhouse for resistance to M. hapla. Six week old seedlings were inoculated with M. hapla at 5,000 eggs per plant. Twelve weeks after inoculation data were recorded on root galling and fresh root weight. The accessions with a root galling score of two or less were considered resistant to M. hapla and were screened in a second trial. Two L. sativa accessions (PI 508476 and PI 419140) and three wild Lactuca accessions, L. saligna PI 281876, L. …

A Validation Study Of The Misbehaviors Questionnaire, Racheal Taki Reavy

Open Access Dissertations

This study examined the validity of the Misbehaviors Questionnaire (MBQ), a revision of the Self Report Delinquency scale, which aims to diagnose conduct disorder (CD) and to serve as a valid measure for assessing misbehaviors. The MBQ further assesses whether each misbehavior involved the use of alcohol or marijuana, allowing for comparisons of substance-related clusters of misbehaviors. Participants were 190 incarcerated adolescents (85.8% male; average age 17 years) at a juvenile correctional facility in the Northeast. While incarcerated, they were asked about substance use and misbehaviors in the three months prior to incarceration, as well as parental, peer, and demographic …

Studying The Development Of Word Recognition Using A Pseudoword Task, Christine E. Sipala

Open Access Dissertations

Fluent reading hinges on automatic word recognition, yet little research has investigated the acquisition process with repeated exposure to novel words. In this study, elementary students in grades three to six were asked to read two-syllable pseudowords five times each (in varied sequences) during two sessions (n = 49). The goal was to study changes in speed of recognition across multiple exposures for pseudowords that were read accurately all ten times. The sample of students was divided into four groups based on scores on a standardized measure of word identification. Results indicate that although the most advanced readers in the …

Adolescent Gender Differences In Risk Of Alcohol Use, Jessica E. Nargiso

Open Access Dissertations

A significant amount of research has examined the complex set of ecological factors that are associated with alcohol use and abuse during adolescence. Much of this research has focused exclusively on males or failed to report differences by gender. Shifting trends towards earlier age of onset and earlier development of problems among girls highlights the need to explore these factors in both adolescent males and females. Three hundred and seventy middle school students completed self-report assessments of several ecological domains of risk (e.g., peer, family management, community) at two different time points (beginning of sixth grade, end of seventh grade). …

Exploration Of The Quality Of Three Measures For Assessing State Anxiety In Hospitalized Cardiac Patients, Kari A. Radford

Open Access Dissertations

For many years it has been documented that cardiac patients in the acute care setting experience episodic elevations in anxiety which often have a significant, negative physiological impact. The purpose of this exploratory study was to test three state anxiety short-form scales (NEWTEN - a newly created scale, Anxiety Scale - AS, and SAI-6 - short form of Spielberger's State Anxiety Inventory-SAI) for measuring state anxiety in hospitalized cardiac patients. Criteria-related validity was used to correlate each state anxiety scale with Spielberger's SAI, which is considered the gold standard and has yielded high levels of validity and reliability. The study …

Therapeutic Treatments For Children With Recurrent Abdominal Pain: A Multiple Baseline Pilot Study, Christine Barrett Sieberg

Open Access Dissertations

Chronic pain in children is a significant problem affecting about 15-20% of children (Goodman & McGrath, 1991), yet it is a neglected area in pediatric research and clinical service. Recurrent Abdominal Pain (RAP) is an example of chronic pain in children and one of the most common complaints of childhood and is associated with many adverse outcomes. Research has also identified parental anxiety and depression as potent risk factors for RAP (Garber et al., 1990). Despite the high prevalence rates of RAP, only 12 intervention studies from 1974-2006 have been conducted in this area (Spirito & Kazak, 2006). The primary …

Making Pregnancy Work: Overcoming The Pregnancy Discrimination Act's Capacity-Based Model, Joanna L. Grossman, Gillian Thomas

Faculty Journal Articles and Book Chapters

This article considers the gaps and obstacles in current law faced by the pregnant woman whose job duties may conflict with pregnancy's physical effects. While there is no inherent conflict between pregnancy and work, women in physically strenuous or hazardous occupations, from nursing to law enforcement, routinely confront situations in which they are physically unable to perform aspects of their job or, though physically able, they seek to avoid certain tasks or situations because of the potential risks to maternal or fetal health. The Pregnancy Discrimination Act of 1978 (PDA) broadly protects against "pregnancy discrimination," but it provides absolute rights …

Functional Silane Based Co-Polymers For Biofunctionalization Studies, Chemical Sensing And Separations, Swapna Addagulla

Open Access Dissertations

The focus of the research reported in this dissertation has focused on two areas: (1) Synthesis of silane-containing polymers and (2) the application of these polymers to surface modification of substrates such as PDMS (for microfluidic applications), glass, quartz, silicon wafers and various nanoparticles (magnetic iron oxide, silica) for use in chemical and biological sensing and separation applications as well as in biofunctionalization of magnetic nanoparticles.

Chapter 1 of this dissertation described the preparation of a library of silane containing co- and terpolymer prepared with various substituted maleimides along with their characterization by FTIR, UV-Visible, ¹H- and ¹³C-NMR, …

The Baby Doe Rules And Texas’S 'Futility Law' In The Nicu, Thomas Wm. Mayo

Faculty Journal Articles and Book Chapters

The applicability in the NICU of the futility provision of Texas's Advance Directives Act and its relationship to the Baby Doe rules are reasonably straightforward. Nonetheless, many comments have been written about Texas's so-called “futility law,” some of them complimentary and others, not so much. The most serious critiques of the Texas futility provision, however, are based upon assumptions that result from a fundamental misreading of the law. After a brief discussion of the futility provision and its principal features, this Essay examines the misunderstandings that plague many critiques of the law and then offers a list of proposed amendments …

The U.S. Discovery-Eu Privacy Directive Conflict: Constructing A Three-Tiered Compliance Strategy, Carla L. Reyes

Faculty Journal Articles and Book Chapters

This note examines the conflicts of laws issue faced by trans-border civil litigants attempting to comply with both the U.S. Federal Rules of Civil Procedure and the requirements of the EU Privacy Directive. This note first sifts through the quagmire of regulations, and then attempts to help trans-border litigants view the U.S. discovery-EU data protection conflict through a transnational legal lens, and concludes by constructing a three-tiered strategy for compliance that respects U.S., EU and international law.

Building A Framework To Address Failure Of Complex Global Financial Institutions, Douglas W. Arner, Joseph J. Norton

Faculty Journal Articles and Book Chapters

The systemic phase of the current global financial crisis was triggered by the failure of large complex global financial institutions (LCGFIs). In this context, as recognised by the Group of 20, one of the greatest failures of both international and domestic legal and regulatory systems has been the lack of appropriate arrangements, including adequate insolvency arrangements, to address such failures when they occur. Following a discussion of the difficulties of dealing with the failure of large complex global financial conglomerates, the article discusses advocates a framework based upon prevention of failure as the first element and mechanisms to address failure …

The Relationship Between Assistive Technology State Standards For Teachers, Assistive Technology Implementation, And Student Performance In The Context Of Evidence-Based Practice, Elizabeth Minchin Dalton

Open Access Dissertations

Purpose: Consideration of assistive technology (AT) for special education students has been federally mandated since 1997. Since the 2002 No Child Left Behind Act (NCLB), rigorous evidence-based educational practices are also mandated. While national technology standards for teachers in general education exist to guide educational technology (ET), it is not clear if AT standards exist for U.S. teachers, or on what evidence standards are based. The purposes of this study, therefore , were to 1) describe three state-level regulatory elements related to AT: i) presence of formally adopted AT standards , ii) level of scientific evidence supporting those standards and …

Shelter From The Storm: An Analysis Of U.S. Refugee Law As Applied To Tibetans Formerly Residing In India, Eileen Kaufman

Scholarly Works

No abstract provided.

Supporting Attorney’S Personal Skills, Marjorie A. Silver

Scholarly Works

No abstract provided.