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Serum Adenosine Deaminase Activity In Domestic Animals: Reference Values, Nuri̇ Altuğ, Nazmi̇ Yüksek, Zahi̇d Ağaoğlu, İhsan Keleş

Turkish Journal of Veterinary & Animal Sciences

This study was aimed to determine normal serum adenosine deaminase (ADA) activity in domestic animals in both sexes and that were considered healthy on the basis of clinical and laboratory examinations. In this study, 262 non-pregnant animals of both sexes, belonging to 5 species [cattle (n = 50), sheep (n = 65), goat (n = 52), dog (n = 55), and cat (n = 40)] were used. Serum total ADA and ADA1 isoenzyme activities were found to be 6.34 ± 0.31 IU/l and 6.34 ± 0.31 IU/l in cattle, 7.57 ± 0.30 IU/l and 7.31 ± 0.47 IU/l in sheep, …

Encephalitic Sarcocystosis And Its Prophylactic Treatment In Sheep, Özlem Özmen, Şi̇ma Şahi̇nduran, Mehmet Haligür, Bayram Ali̇ Yukari, Gerry M. Dorrestein

Turkish Journal of Veterinary & Animal Sciences

The aim of this study was to examine the clinical and pathological findings in sheep naturally infected with severe encephalitic sarcocystosis and to evaluate the prophylactic effect of amprolium on the disease. From a flock of approximately 350 animals, 10 sheep were referred to the Veterinary Faculty Clinic with neurological symptoms that developed during the previous 2 weeks. These 10 sheep were clinically and pathologically examined, and the remaining animals in the flock without neurological symptoms were treated. All 10 animals were hypothermic, weak, and unable to stand. Complete blood count and serum biochemical analysis revealed mild leukocytosis, hypoglycemia, hyponatremia, …

Medical And Surgical Treatment Of Chylothorax In A Dog With Right-Sided Heart Failure, Hakan Salci, Zeki̇ Yilmaz, A. Sami̇ Bayram, Ebru Yalçin, Meti̇n Kaya

Turkish Journal of Veterinary & Animal Sciences

Chylothorax due to right-sided heart failure was diagnosed in a 3.5-year-old, male Rottweiler, based on the clinical, radiological, and echocardiographic examinations, and serum biochemical test results (pleural fluid cytology and triglyceride levels of the serum and pleural fluid). En bloc ligation of thoracic duct along with its branches and pleural abrasion were performed after the failure of the initial medical management including pleural drainage via tube thoracostomy, and enalapril, furosemide, and low-fat diet (Prescription Diet Canine r/d, Hill´s Pet Product, Topeka, Kansas, USA). Combination medical and surgical therapy resulted in an excellent postoperative outcome. Six months after surgery the dog …

Multicentric Intrahepatic Biliary Cystadenoma In A Dog, Ahmet Akkoç, İ. Taci̇ Cangül, M. Özgür Özyi̇ği̇t

Turkish Journal of Veterinary & Animal Sciences

This report describes a case of multicentric intrahepatic biliary cystadenoma observed in a 13-year-old, male, Irish setter dog. The dog had a history of chronic inappetence, weight loss, intermittent icterus, and diarrhoea. In the ultrasonographic examination of the abdominal organs, 5 spherical masses were found in various liver lobes. The largest mass was 12 cm in diameter and was located on the quadrate lobe. It had spongy consistency and had several cystic structures, 3 mm-2.5 cm in diameter, on the cut surface. While this mass bulged through the normal outline of the liver, smaller masses were engraved within the liver …

The Enduring Connections Between Law And Culture: Reviewing Lawrence Rosen, Law As Culture, And Oscar Chase, Law, Culture, And Ritual, Paul Schiff Berman

GW Law Faculty Publications & Other Works

In an era of globalization, "culture" is sometimes treated as a dirty word. For those who see the world as increasingly "flat," culture can seem to be merely a retrograde imposition of local prerogative that stands in the way of progress. Likewise, those who seek greater harmonization of human rights norms, commercial trade rules, or other legal standards may view culture as simply a monkey wrench in the machinery of global consensus and cooperation. In such debates, culture is often conceptualized as fundamentally pre-modern, something "they" cling to, but that "we" have long since jettisoned.

Two recent books - Law …

Biochemical Changes Of Antioxidant Enzymes In Common Carp (Cyprinus Carpio L.) After Heavy Metal Exposure, Rajamanickam Vinodhini, Muthuswamy Narayanan

Turkish Journal of Veterinary & Animal Sciences

Accidental industrial spills may lead to a high concentration of toxic metals in the aquatic environment, as well as affecting freshwater ecosystems with acute and chronic toxicity. Of all aquatic species, fish are particularly sensitive to waterborne contamination and are recognized as bioindicators for water quality monitoring. The objective of the present study was to evaluate the biochemical changes of the enzymatic defense systems in fresh water fish, the common carp (Cyprinus carpio L.), when they are exposed to a heavy metal contaminated aquatic system. The fish were systematically exposed to heavy metal solutions such as cadmium, lead, nickel, and …

Serum Zinc Concentrations In Dogs With Microsporum Canis Dermatophytosis: A Pilot Study, Kerem Ural, Mehmet Çağri Karakurum, Özkan Duru, Cenker Çağri Cingi, Ali̇ Evren Haydardedeoğlu

Turkish Journal of Veterinary & Animal Sciences

Zinc deficiency may result in alopecia, erythema, crusting, scaling, parakeratosis, inflammation of the skin, and impaired wound healing. Zinc deficiency also may impair the immune response against microorganisms and lead to fungal infections such as trichophytosis. The present study included male and female dogs (n = 7) of various breeds, ages, and diagnosed with Microsporum canis dermatophytosis and 4 healthy dogs used as the control group. The influence of dermatophytosis on serum zinc concentrations in dogs was investigated. Wood's lamp examination, fungal cultures, and additionally biopsy specimen were used to confirm the diagnosis and rule out other causes of the …

Postnatal Expression Pattern Of Ppar\Gamma Gene In Pigs, Junfang Jiang, Yongqing Jiang, Zhigang Zhu, Zirong Xu

Turkish Journal of Veterinary & Animal Sciences

PPAR\gamma is a member of the peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor subfamily of nuclear hormone receptors. PPAR\gamma has been showed to be a key regulator of adipocyte differentiation and lipid metabolism. The pattern of PPAR\gamma gene expression in different growth stages and its relation with adipose deposition in pigs is studied. Fifteen female Duroc×Landrace×Yorkshire pigs in 5 groups with 3 pigs in each grup, at live weight of 1, 30, 50, 70, and 90 kg were used to study the developmental gene expression of PPAR\gamma in subcutaneous adipose tissue by means of semi-quantitative RT-PCR. The results showed the PPAR\gamma mRNA levels of …

Effects Of Feeding Frequency On Nutrient Digestibility And Growth Performance Of Rainbow Trout (Oncorhynchus Mykiss) Fed A High Lipid Diet, Serap Ustaoğlu Tiril, Fi̇kret Alagi̇l

Turkish Journal of Veterinary & Animal Sciences

The effect of feeding frequency on nutrient digestibility and growth performance was investigated in rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) fed a high lipid diet. The experimental diet contained 25.2% crude lipid and 40.7% crude protein. Two feeding frequencies were tested: 2 meals per day (Group I) and 6 meals per day (Group II). Fish were fed a restricted daily ration (1.5% of body weight) divided into equal meals. t the end of the experiment, the weight gain in Group I and II was 84.6% and 90.1%, respectively. There was no statistically significant difference between groups. The crude lipid and protein digestibility …

Effects Of Oocyte Source On The Developmental Competence Of In Vitro Matured Goat Oocytes Fertilized By The Intracytoplasmic Sperm Injection Technique, Abu Nasar Md. Aminoor Rahman, Ramli Bin Abdullah, Wan Embong Wan-Khadijah

Turkish Journal of Veterinary & Animal Sciences

This study evaluated the effects of oocyte source on in vitro maturation (IVM) and embryo developmental competence in goats by the intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI) technique. Oocytes were obtained either by laparoscopic ovum pick-up (LOPU) or by slicing of abattoir ovaries. The donor does used for LOPU were superstimulated and their estrus was synchronized. Recovered oocytes from both sources were cultured in microdrops of IVM medium in the presence of CO2 (5%) at 38.5 °C in a CO2 incubator for 27 h. The ICSI was performed with immobilized sperm on the lid of a culture dish (35 mm) under an …

Fatty Acid Profiles Of Microdiets For Marine Fish In Turkey, Mustafa Yildiz

Turkish Journal of Veterinary & Animal Sciences

Lipid contents and fatty acid profiles in the commercial microdiets for farming marine fish species were determined. Twenty microdiet samples were taken from marine fish farms on the Aegean region of Turkey throughout 2006-2007. Of the 20 microdiet samples, 5 were produced in Turkey and 15 were imported. The fatty acid analysis of the microdiets was made by gas-liquid chromatography using helium as the carrier gas. The lipid levels of the microdiets produced in Turkey by different companies ranged from 9.5 ± 0.05% to 11.6 ± 0.14% (P < 0.05). In contrast, the lipid levels of imported microdiets were between 10.6 ± 0.20% and 17.2 ± 0.14% (P < 0.05). n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (n-3 PUFA) levels in the microdiets ranged from 7.1 ± 0.03% to 24.8 ± 0.03% of total fatty acids (P < 0.05). Similarly, n-3 highly unsaturated fatty acid (n-3 HUFA) levels in the microdiets ranged from 6.1 ± 0.01% to 22.8 ± 0.02% of total fatty acids (P < 0.05). n-3 highly unsaturated fatty acids (n-3 HUFA) levels in the microdiets were found between 0.6 ± 0.00% and 3.6 ± 0.01% of dry weight of diets (P < 0.05). Docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) levels of these microdiets were between 0.3 ± 0.00% and 2.0 ± 0.03% of the dry weight of diets (P < 0.05). Eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) levels in the dry weight of diets were between 0.3 ± 0.01% and 2.2 ± 0.01% (P < 0.05). Arachidonic acid (ArA) levels in the microdiets were also found between 0.3 ± 0.01% and 0.9 ± 0.01% of total fatty acids (P < 0.05). The value of DHA/EPA ratios in the microdiets ranged from 0.5 ± 0.01 to 2.0 ± 0.01 (P > 0.05). The results showed that the total lipid or n-3 and n-6 …

Surgical Correction Of Small Colon Faecalith In A Dare-Shuri Foal, Behrooz Nikahval, Nasser Vesal, Mohsen Ghane

Turkish Journal of Veterinary & Animal Sciences

A 6-month-old male Dare-Shuri foal was admitted for acute abdominal pain unresponsive to medical treatment. The foal was anxious and exhibiting signs of abdominal pain. The foal had not defecated in the previous 5 days and severe abdominal distension was present. Based on clinical signs and the results of the diagnostic work-up, gastrointestinal obstruction was suspected. Midline exploratory celiotomy revealed a faecalith in the small colon. A longitudinal incision was made through the antimesenteric border of the involved intestine and an approximately 350 g mass mostly composed of dried roughage was removed. The day after surgery, intestinal sounds were detectable; …

Study On Eimeria And Cryptosporidium Infections In Sheep And Goats At Elfora Export Abattoir, Debre-Zeit, Ethiopia, Dinka Ayana, Getachew Tilahun, Abebe Wossene

Turkish Journal of Veterinary & Animal Sciences

A cross sectional study on Eimeria and Cryptosporidium infections in small ruminants at ELFORA export abattoir was conducted from October 2005 to February 2006. In this study, attempts were made to determine the prevalence and intensity of Eimeria and Cryptosporidium infections in sheep and goats. Moreover, potential risk factors associated with the infections and the species of Eimeria and Cryptosporidium incriminated in the infections were identified. A total of 384 fecal samples were collected and examined by flotation technique using Sheather's sugar solution to detect the oocysts of Eimeria and Cryptosporiudium species. For Cryptosporidium infection, fecal samples were also examined …

Effects Of Addition Of Vitamin B_{12} To The Extender On Post-Thaw Motility, Acrosome Morphology, And Plasma Membrane Integrity In Bull Semen, Jian Hong Hu, Qing Wang Li, Yu-Lin Chen, Zhong Liang Jiang, Yong Hong Jia, Li Qiang Wang, Bo Bo Ou

Turkish Journal of Veterinary & Animal Sciences

To investigate the effects of supplementation of vitamin B_{12} on bovine sperm post-thaw quality, vitamin B_{12} was added at the concentrations of 1.25, 2.50, 3.75, and 5.00 mg/mL to bovine semen cryoprotective medium. The results indicated that the motility and VSL, VCL, STR, and VAP values of sperm supplemented with 2.50 mg/mL vitamin B_{12} were significantly higher than those of other concentrations (P < 0.05). No significant difference was observed for LIN and ALH values and the percentage of grade a spermatozoa between the extenders containing 2.50 mg/mL and 3.75 mg/mL vitamin B_{12} (P > 0.05). The percentages of acrosome-intact and plasma membrane-intact spermatozoa were significantly improved (P < 0.05) by supplementing with 2.50 mg/mL vitamin B_{12}. With all parameters measured, the concentration of 2.50 mg/mL vitamin B_{12} showed the best results on the quality of bovine semen in freezing-thawing. In conclusion, the addition of 2.50 mg/mL vitamin B_{12} to the extender improved the bovine frozen semen quality.

A Comparison Of The Clinical Effects Associated With Xylazine, Ketamine, And A Xylazine-Ketamine Cocktail In Pigeons (Columba Livia), Uzma Farid Durrani, Muhammad Ashraf, Muhammad A. Khan

Turkish Journal of Veterinary & Animal Sciences

A study was conducted to compare the clinical effects of xylazine, ketamine, and a cocktail of them in pigeons (Columbia livia). For this study 15 adult and healthy pigeons were divided into 3 equal groups: A - xylazine (16 mg/kg), B - ketamine (60 mg/kg) and C - xylazine-ketamine cocktail (8 mg/kg + 30 mg/kg, respectively). All treatments were administered intramuscularly. Onset of action was smooth with a mean time of onset of 13.4 ± 2.78 min, 11 ± 1.49 min, and 1.6 ± 0.51 min, respectively. In group A and B light sedation and a light plane of anaesthesia …

Laparoscopic Sterilization Vs. Open Method Sterilization In Dogs: A Comparison Of Two Techniques, Anburaja Mahalingam, Naveen Kumar, Swapan K. Maiti, Ashok K. Sharma, Umesh Dimri, Meena Kataria

Turkish Journal of Veterinary & Animal Sciences

Ten clinically healthy, adult male dogs randomly equally divided into 2 groups (I and II) were subjected to laparoscopic sterilization and open method castration under xylazine-ketamine anesthesia. In group I laparoscopic vasectomy by cauterization and cutting of the vas deferens was performed and in group II conventional open castration by the pre-scrotal approach was done. Insufflation of the abdominal cavity was achieved with CO_2 (2 L/min) at 10 mmHg pressure gradient. Two ports were needed to carry out the operation. Clinical observations revealed no significant changes. Differential leukocyte count (DLC) revealed significant neutrophilia and comparative lymphopenia on the 3rd postoperative …

Structural Aberration In Ha Associated With Adaptation Of Human Influenza A H3n2 Virus In Embryonated Chicken Eggs, Viroj Wiwanitkit

Turkish Journal of Veterinary & Animal Sciences

Molecular changes associated with adaptation of human influenza A virus in embryonated chicken eggs are reported: 4 amino acid substitutions occurred in HA (G186V, S219F, V226I, V309I). These substitutions allowed binding to SAalpha2,3Gal- and SAalpha2,6Gal-containing receptors, conferred SAalpha2,3Gal specificity, and preserved antigenicity. Here, the author reports the result of protein secondary structure predictions of the adaption from its primary sequence using the NNPREDICT server. Comparing the classical HA of H3N2, the adaptation has additional helices and strands and these identified structural changes should be the explanation for the reported binding and antigenicity changes.

Ileal Leiomyoma In A Captive Zebra (Equus Burchelli), Rahşan Yilmaz, Ahmet Akkoç, M. Özgür Özyi̇ği̇t

Turkish Journal of Veterinary & Animal Sciences

In the present study, an ileal leiomyoma encountered in a captive zebra (Equus burchelli) was reported. A 29-year-old, female zebra was found dead in the Bursa zoo. According to the referring veterinarian the most prominent clinical signs were intermittent colic (responsive to analgesics) and constipation. At post mortem examination, abdomen was severely distended. A firm, multilobular, well vascularized and encapsulated tumoural mass, 12 cm in diameter, embedded into the proximal part of the ileum wall, and protruded from the serosal surface was found. The cut section of the mass had whorled appearance, pale yellow to white in colour, and had …

Cover And Contents

Turkish Journal of Veterinary & Animal Sciences

No abstract provided.

The Sheaf Catalogs Of George John Spencer, Larissa C. Brookes

Master's Theses

No abstract provided.

Regeneration Of Damaged Growth Plate Using Igf-I Plasmid-Releasing Porous Plga Scaffolds, Nirmal Ravi

University of Kentucky Doctoral Dissertations

Growth plate injuries account for 15-30% of long bone fractures in children. About 10% of these result in significant growth disturbances due to formation of a boney bar. If not treated correctly, this can lead to life-lasting consequences of limb length inequalities and angular deformities. Current treatments for growth plate injuries include removal of boney bar and insertion of fat, silicone, bone cement, etc.. This treatment y is inadequate, leaving almost half of these patients with continued deformities. This dissertation reports characterization of a DNA–containing porous poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA) scaffold system, chondrogenesis using insulin-like growth factor I (IGF-I) plasmid-releasing scaffolds …

The Interplay Between The Expression And Functions Of Wnt13 Isoforms During Apoptosis In Bovine Aortic Endothelial Cells, Tao Tang

University of Kentucky Doctoral Dissertations

Wnt proteins are crucial for development/homeostasis by controlling cell fate including apoptosis (Moon RT et al. 1997). Three humanWnt13 isoforms were identified: the secreted Wnt13A, mitochondrial Wnt13B, and nuclear Wnt13C forms; and nuclear Wnt13 had an increased sensitivity to LPS/TNF-induced apoptosis in primary endothelial cells (EC); both Wnt13B and C mRNA contain two start codons (AUG+1 and +74), but the same protein encoded from AUG+74 by Wnt13C was expressed lower than Wnt13B (Struewing IT et al.2006). We hypothesize that during EC apoptosis, the nuclear Wnt13C expression is regulated translationally; nuclear Wnt13 favors apoptosis through regulating the activity/expression of apoptosis-related factors; …

Role Of Thyroid Hormone In The Intestinal Development Of Eleutherodactylus Coqui, Srikanth Singamsetty

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Thyroid hormone (TH) is required for the metamorphosis of the long, coiled tadpole gut in Xenopus laevis into a shorter mature adult gut. Eleutherodactylus coqui, a direct developing frog, lacks a tadpole. Its embryonic gut is a miniature adult form with a mass of yolky endodermal cells attached to the small intestine to provide nutrition. The requirement of TH for the gut development in E. coqui was tested in this study. Inhibition of TH synthesis with methimazole arrested gut development in its embryonic form. T3, the active form of TH, induced gut development. Embryos treated with methimazole failed to utilize …

A Comparative Study Of Larval Gene Expression Between A Paedomorphic And Metamorphic Species Of Ambystomatid Salamander, Meredith A. Boley

University of Kentucky Master's Theses

Ambystoma tigrinum undergoes an obligatory metamorphosis while A. mexicanum fails to metamorphose and exhibits paedomorphosis. While it is clear that salamander paedomorphosis is associated with genetic changes that delay developmental timing, it is not clear when and how these changes manifest during development. It is possible that paedomorphic and metamorphic larvae show equivalent patterns of developmental until late in the larval period, when brain regions become competent to stimulate the release of metamorphic hormones. To test this hypothesis, I compared gene expression patterns between the brains of A. mexicanum and A. t. tigrinum larvae. In support of the developmental equivalence …

The Role And Function Of Literacy In Two Homeschooling Families, Kevin Rua

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Homeschooling is an increasingly popular practice, and this raises questions about how it is carried out. One important area for investigation is the literacy practices of homeschooling. Literacy is often seen as a necessary component of formal schooling. This project investigated the role and function of literacy in two homeschooling families. Specifically the research was designed to answer the following questions:

*How is homeschooling both similar to and different from formal schooling?

*What are the literacy practices of homeschooling? What tools are used in these practices? What knowledge and skills are used in these practices? What are the goals of …

Pop-Up Advertising - Grey Areas In The Context Of Copyright Law, Vikrant Narayan Vasudeva

SMU Science and Technology Law Review

No abstract provided.

The Virtual Photography Paradox: How Courts Could Analyze Copyright Of Virtual Photography Of User Generated Content Using Software, Real World, Or Toy Copyright Analyses, Thomas Jr. Pichta

SMU Science and Technology Law Review

No abstract provided.

Public Water Fluoridation, Jessica Fohey

Honors Program Theses

This thesis project addresses the issue of public water fluoridation. There is a debate within the United States as to whether or not public water systems should be fluoridated. Because of the large scale potential health impact, it is critical to determine whether or not this practice is in the best interest of the public. This paper provides an extensive review of scientific literature on the effectiveness, safety, and cost effectiveness of public water fluoridation. Following the review of scientific literature, I will present an overview of pseudo-scientific literature which advocates against public water fluoridation that, although often not scientifically …

Low Density Lipoprotein Receptor And Alzheimers Disease, Rangaraj K. Gopalraj

University of Kentucky Doctoral Dissertations

Since apoE allele status is the predominant Alzheimers disease (AD) genetic risk factor, functional single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in brain apoE receptors represent excellent candidates for association with AD. Therefore, three low density lipoprotein receptor (LDLR) SNPs were evaluated by TaqMan allelic discrimination assays for association with AD and I found that certain haplotypes alter the odds of AD. A SNP within LDLR exon 12, rs688, was identified in silico as neutralizing a putative exon splicing enhancer (ESE). Since LDLR is a major apoE receptor in the brain, I hypothesized that rs688 modulates LDLR splicing in neural tissues and associates …

The Momentum Of Posthumous Conception: A Model Act, Raymond C. O'Brien

Scholarly Articles

This Article addresses the scenario of when, through advanced medical technology, a procedure is performed resulting in the birth of a child more than three hundred days-a time suggested by some statutes-after the death of the gamete provider. The embryo may result from in vitro fertilization or from a woman being artificially inseminated with the sperm of a deceased male gamete provider. And of course the woman could have predeceased too and left a viable ova, that was then fertilized with the sperm of a living or a deceased male to create an embryo, which was then placed into a …