Digital Commons Network^™

Muscleworms, Parelaphostrongylus Andersoni (Nematoda: Protostrongylidae), Discovered In Columbia White-Tailed Deer From Oregon And Washington: Implications For Biogeography And Host Associations, Ingrid M. Asmundsson, Jack A. Mortenson, Eric P. Hoberg

Harold W. Manter Laboratory of Parasitology: Faculty Publications

Parelaphostrongylus andersoni is considered a characteristic nematode infecting white-tailed deer (Odocoileus virginianus). Host and geographic distribution for this parasite, however, remain poorly defined in the region of western North America. Fecal samples collected from Columbia white-tailed deer (O. v. leucurus) in a restricted range endemic to Oregon and Washington, USA, were examined for dorsal-spined larvae characteristic of many protostrongylid nematodes. Multilocus DNA sequence data (internal transcribed spacer 2 and cytochrome c oxidase subunit 1) established the identity and a new record for P. andersoni in a subspecies of white-tailed deer previously unrecognized as hosts. Populations of …

A Macroevolutionary Mosaic: Episodic Host-Switching, Geographical Colonization And Diversification In Complex Host–Parasite Systems [Special Paper], Eric P. Hoberg, Daniel R. Brooks

Harold W. Manter Laboratory of Parasitology: Faculty Publications

Aim: To integrate ecological fitting, the oscillation hypothesis and the taxon pulse hypothesis into a coherent null model for the evolution of complex host–parasite associations.

Location: Global.

Methods: This paper reviews and synthesizes literature that focuses on phylogenetic analyses and reciprocal mapping of a model system of hosts and their parasites to determine patterns of host–parasite associations and geographical distributions through time.

Results: Host-switching and geographical dispersal of parasites are common phenomena, occurring on many temporal and spatial scales. Diversification involving both co-evolution and colonization explains complex host–parasite associations. Across the expanse of Earth history, the major radiations in host– …

Equilibrium Sampling Used To Monitor Malodors In A Swine Waste Lagoon, Rezaul Mahmood

School of Natural Resources: Faculty Publications

No abstract provided.

The Application Of Fast-Nmr For The Identification Of Novel Drug Discovery Targets, Robert Powers, Kelly A. Mercier, Jennifer C. Copeland

Robert Powers Publications

The continued success of genome sequencing projects has resulted in a wealth of information, but 40-50% of identified genes correspond to hypothetical proteins or proteins of unknown function. The Functional Annotation Screening Technology by NMR (FAST-NMR) screen was developed to assign a biological function for these unannotated proteins with a structure solved by the Protein Structure Initiative. FAST-NMR is based on the premise that a biological function can be described by a similarity in binding sites and ligand interactions with proteins of known function. The resulting co-structure and functional assignment may provide a starting point for …

Wind Through The Buffalo Grass: A Lakota Story Cycle, Paul A. Johnsgard

Paul Johnsgard Collection

Wind Through the Buffalo Grass: A Lakota Story Cycle is a narrative history of the Pine Ridge Lakota tribe of South Dakota, following its history from 1850 to the present day through actual historical events and through the stories of four fictional Lakota children, each related by descent and separated from one another by two generations.

The ecology of the Pine Ridge region, especially its mammalian and avian wildlife, is woven into the stories of the children. Illustrated by the author, the book includes drawings of Pine Ridge wildlife, regional maps, and Native American pictorial art. Appendices include a listing …

Evidence That The Nijmegen Breakage Syndrome Protein, An Early Sensor Of Double-Strand Dna Breaks (Dsb), Is Involved In Hiv-1 Post-Integration Repair By Recruiting The Ataxia Telangiectasia-Mutated Kinase In A Process Similar To, But Distinct From, Cellular Dsb Repair., Johanna A Smith, Feng-Xiang Wang, Hui Zhang, Kou-Juey Wu, Kevin Jon Williams, René Daniel

Kimmel Cancer Center Faculty Papers

Retroviral transduction involves integrase-dependent linkage of viral and host DNA that leaves an intermediate that requires post-integration repair (PIR). We and others proposed that PIR hijacks the host cell double-strand DNA break (DSB) repair pathways. Nevertheless, the geometry of retroviral DNA integration differs considerably from that of DSB repair and so the precise role of host-cell mechanisms in PIR remains unclear. In the current study, we found that the Nijmegen breakage syndrome 1 protein (NBS1), an early sensor of DSBs, associates with HIV-1 DNA, recruits the ataxia telangiectasia-mutated (ATM) kinase, promotes stable retroviral transduction, mediates efficient integration of viral DNA …

Deciphering Climatic History From Lake Sediments, Sherilyn C. Fritz

Department of Earth and Atmospheric Sciences: Faculty Publications

Reconstructing climate from lake sediments can be challenging, because the response of lakes and various components of lake systems are mediated by non-climatic factors, such as geomorphic and hydrologic stetting. As a result, the magnitude of lake response to climatic forcing may be non-linear. In addition, changes in the lake system associated with the aging process or non-climatic influences may alter the response to a given climate perturbation. These non-linear and nonstationary characteristics can produce spatial heterogeneity in the pattern and timing of inferred change. One approach for generating regionally robust climatic interpretations from lakes is to increase coordinated efforts …

Holocene Multidecadal- To Millennial-Scale Hydrologic Variability On The South American Altiplano, Erick Ekdahl, Sherilyn C. Fritz, Paul A. Baker, Catherine Rigsby, Kirstin Coley

Department of Earth and Atmospheric Sciences: Faculty Publications

Precipitation on the South American Altiplano varies at a range of temporal scales. A long-term secular increase in moisture availability from the early/mid Holocene to the present, driven by increasing summer insolation resulting from precessional changes in the Earth’s orbit, has been documented in earlier studies. However, higher frequency Holocene variability is not yet understood. Here we present high-resolution diatom assemblage data from two small Altiplano lakes, Lago Lagunillas and Lago Umayo, indicating changes in effective moisture in the southern tropical Andes at decadal, centennial and millennial timescales throughout the mid to late Holocene. A strong millennial-scale component, similar in …

Reef Foraminifera As Bioindicators Of Coral Reef Health: Low Isles Reef, Northern Great Barrier Reef, Australia, Jonathan D. Schueth, Tracy D. Frank

Department of Earth and Atmospheric Sciences: Faculty Publications

Declining water quality associated with changes in land use over the past century is considered a significant environmental threat to the health of coral platforms of the Great Barrier Reef, Australia, in particular for those situated in nearshore areas of the wet tropics. Of these reefs, perhaps the most well known is Low Isles Reef, which has been studied since 1928. Decline in scleractinian coral cover and increased abundances of soft-bodied corals and macroalgae since the 1950’s have led researchers to speculate that the reef is being affected by increased nutrient and sediment fluxes from nearby rivers. The Foraminifera in …

Stratigraphic Imprint Of The Late Paleozoic Ice Age In Eastern Australia: A Record Of Alternating Glacial And Nonglacial Climate Regime, Christopher R. Fielding, Tracy D. Frank, Lauren P. Birgenheier, Michael C. Rygel, Andrew T. Jones, John Roberts

Department of Earth and Atmospheric Sciences: Faculty Publications

Stratigraphic and sedimentological data from New South Wales and Queensland, eastern Australia, indicate that the Late Paleozoic Ice Age comprised at least eight discrete glacial intervals (each 1–8 Ma in duration, here termed “glaciations”), separated by nonglacial intervals of comparable duration. These events spanned an interval from mid-Carboniferous (c. 327 Ma) to the early Late Permian (c. 260 Ma), and illustrate a pattern of increasing climatic austerity and increasingly widespread glacial ice from initial onset until an acme in the late Early Permian, followed by an opposite trend towards the final demise of glaciation in the Late Permian. The alternating …

Hybrid Zones, Genetic Isolation, And Systematics Of Pocket Gophers (Genus Geomys) In Nebraska., Hugh H. Genoways, Meredith J. Hamilton, Darin M. Bell, Ryan R. Chambers, Robert T. Bradley

University of Nebraska State Museum: Mammalogy Papers

Pocket gophers of the genus Geomys are common inhabitants of many habitats throughout most of the state of Nebraska. Because the taxonomic history of Geomys has undergone numerous changes through the years, these pocket gophers have been the subjects of ongoing taxonomic and distributional studies and in more recent years genetic studies to understand relationships among populations. In order to gain deeper insight into the relationships among these taxa of Geomys, we intensively collected specimens from areas where chromosomal races were thought to form contact zones. Results from examination of genetic (chromosomes, mitochondrial cytochrome-b gene sequences, and nuclear interphotoreceptor …

Speciation Within Bonneted Bats (Genus Eumops): The Complexity Of Morphological, Mitochondrial, And Nuclear Data Sets In Systematics, Molly M. Mcdonough, Loren K. Ammerman, Robert M. Timm, Hugh H. Genoways, Peter A. Larsen, Robert J. Baker

University of Nebraska State Museum: Mammalogy Papers

We phylogenetically analyze 705 base pairs of the cytochrome-b gene and 351 amplified fragment length polymorphism (AFLP) bands from populations of the karyotypically variable Wagner’s bonneted bat, Eumops glaucinus, and the Florida bonneted bat, Eumops floridanus (Chiroptera: Molossidae). Three karyotypes have been documented across the range of E. glaucinus, and we report that the karyotype from Cuba is morphologically similar to that from Jamaica. A 4th karyotype is present in specimens from western Ecuador. Three distinct lineages are present in both the cytochrome-b and AFLP trees. One lineage is restricted to western Ecuador and exhibits cytochrome-b …

Expression Of Epoxygenases Belonging To Cyp2 Family In Rat Myocardial Ischemia/Reperfusion Injury In Vivo, Ying Ao, Ren-Xiu Peng, Jing Yang, Bing-Hua Wang, John R. Falck, Hong Dan, Ying-Hui Liu

Saudi Medical Journal

OBJECTIVE: To elucidate the expression of epoxygenases belonging to cytochrome P-450 mono-oxygenases (CYP2) family in rat ischemic myocardium at varying reperfusion periods, and the effect of epoxygenase inhibition on the post-ischemic heart. METHODS: The current study was conducted in the Department of Pharmacology, Medical College of Wuhan University, China, between September 2004 and June 2005. Rats were subjected to 40 minutes of myocardial ischemia, followed by 0, 15, 60, and 180 minutes of reperfusion. Superoxide generation was assayed by confocal microscopy, CYP2B1/2, 2C6, 2E1, 2J3 gene expressions were determined by reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction. Fourteen, 15-dihydroxyeicosatrienoic acid (DHET) concentration …

Determination Of The Effects Of Extremely Low Frequency Electromagnetic Fields On The Percentages Of Peripheral Blood Leukocytes And Histology Of Lymphoid Organs Of The Mouse, Aynur E. Cicekcibasi, Ilhami Celik, Ahmet Salbacak, Yasemin Ozkan, Nilsel Okudan, Mustafa Buyukmumcu

Saudi Medical Journal

OBJECTIVE: To determine the effects of very weak, extremely low frequency (50 Hz) electromagnetic field (ELF-EMF) on the relative spleen weight, lymphoid organ histology, peripheral blood leukocyte and alpha-naphthyl acetate esterase positive (ANAE- positive) lymphocyte percentages of the mouse. METHODS: The study was carried out in Scientific Research and Application Center of Selcuk University, Konya, Turkey in 2005. A total of 120 Swiss albino mice were divided into 6 groups (20 in each group). The experimental animals were exposed to 1, 2, 3, 4 and 5 uT flux intensities (rms) of EMF at 50 Hz for 40 days. RESULTS: In …

Thrombophilia In Young Patients With Acute Myocardial Infarction, Murat Celik, Abdullah Altintas, Yusuf Celik, Aziz Karabulut, Orhan Ayyildiz

Saudi Medical Journal

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the association of thrombophilia and coronary artery disease (CAD) in patients with myocardial infarction (MI). METHODS: Under the age of 45 years, 129 patients with MI and 107 control subjects were included into the study. Traditional risk factors of CAD and protein C, S, antithrombin III deficiencies, factor V Leiden (FV Leiden), prothrombin G20210A and methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase (MTHFR) C677T mutations were investigated. RESULTS: There were statistically significant differences in terms of obesity, smoking, triglyceride, total cholesterol, high-density lipoprotein, high-density lipoprotein, and very-low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, family history, hypertension, diabetes, and left ventricular hypertrophy between patients and controls. None …

Evaluating The Trace Elements In Preoperative And Postoperative Duration Of Hydatid Surgery, Gurhan Sakman, Cem K. Parsak, Ismail S. Koltas, Gulsah Seydaoglu, Husnu Sonmez, Ismail Hanta

Saudi Medical Journal

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the preoperative and postoperative values of serum levels of zinc, magnesium, and copper in patients with cystic echinococcosis (CE). METHODS: This study was conducted on patients with CE between 2000-2005 at the Faculty of Medicine, University of Cukurova, Adana, Turkey. Serum levels of zinc, copper, and magnesium of 85 patients with CE were measured both before and one year after the operation. Patients with liver CE (85 patients, 48 males) and healthy adults (40 adults, 17 males) as the control group were enrolled in the study. RESULTS: When compared with the control group, the mean serum levels …

Comparison Of The Clinical And Pathological Features Between Patients With Recurrent Metastatic Breast Carcinoma And Patients With Initially Metastatic Breast Carcinoma, Birsen K. Saydam, Gamze Goksel, Esra Korkmaz, Murat Kapkac, Necmettin Ozdemir, Canfeza Sezgin, Ruchan Uslu

Saudi Medical Journal

OBJECTIVE: To compare initial metastatic breast carcinoma (MBC) with recurrent MBC and assess their biologic phenotypes and clinical behaviors. METHODS: A comparison of clinical and biological characteristics and median overall survival times were assessed in the 251 patients with MBC at the Division of Medical Oncology, Ege University School of Medicine, and the Division of Radiation Oncology, Tepecik Government Hospital, Izmir, Turkey between 1995 and 2004. Hormone receptors, c-erbB-2, Ki-67, and p53 expressions were performed by immunohistochemistry. RESULTS: Out of 251 MBC patients, 206 patients had recurrent MBC, and 45 had initial MBC. Regarding survival, there was no difference between …

Glutathione And Malondialdehyde Levels In Patients With Hydatid Cyst, Metin Atambay, Ulku Karaman, Tugba R. Kiran, Cemil Colak, Aysun B. Karabulut, Tuncay Celik, Nilgun Daldal

Saudi Medical Journal

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the levels of glutathione (GSH), and malondialdehide (MDA) in the sera of patients diagnosed with cyst hydatid. METHODS: Forty-six hydatid cyst patients who were indirect hemaglutination (IHA) and indirect fluorescence antibody (IFA) test positive constituted our study group in 2007. Patients diagnosed with hydatid cyst in the Inonu University School of Medicine, Department of Parasitology were re-called for the study. Forty healthy subjects who were negative for hydatid cyst by IHA and IFA methods, and who did not have any parasites on stool inspection formed the control group. The MDA level was analyzed in the sera by …

Characterization Of Rotavirus Strains Detected Among Children And Adults With Acute Gastroenteritis In Gizan, Saudi Arabia, Ali M. Kheyami, Mohammed Y. Areeshi, Winifred Dove, Osamu Nakagomi, Nigel A. Cunliffe, C. Anthony Hart

Saudi Medical Journal

OBJECTIVE: To assess the circulating rotavirus strains among hospitalized children and adults in Gizan City. METHODS: This cross-sectional study was based in 5 hospitals in the Gizan area. Stool samples were collected between November 2004 and March 2005, from sequential patients with acute, dehydrating diarrhea. Rotavirus antigen was detected in stool by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. The diversity of rotavirus strains was investigated using electropherotying and reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction amplification of the VP7 and VP4 genes (G and P genotyping). RESULTS: Rotavirus was detected in 54 of 454 (12%) subjects. The ages of those infected with rotavirus ranged from 15 …

The Prevalence Of Malnutrition Among High And Low Altitude Preschool Children Of Southwestern Saudi Arabia, Fahaid H. Al-Hashem

Saudi Medical Journal

OBJECTIVE: To assess the current status of protein energy malnutrition (PEM) in the high and low altitude preschool children aged 12-71 months. METHODS: A cross-sectional study conducted during the year of 2003 and involved 572 and 469 preschool children of Southwestern Saudi Arabia born and living permanently at high and low altitude areas. Anthropometric measurements were carried out to assess the prevalence of PEM using 3 indicators such as underweight, wasting and stunting following World Health Organization standards. Prevalence differences were examined by age, gender, altitude, and parental socioeconomic status. RESULTS: The prevalence of the 3 types of PEM was …

Acceptance Of C-Flex Therapy In Patients With Obstructive Sleep Apnea Who Refused Auto-Continuous Positive Airway Pressure, Suhaila Al-Jawder, Ahmed Bahammam

Saudi Medical Journal

No abstract provided.

Cultural Considerations In Adolescent Suicide Prevention And Psychosocial Treatment, David B. Goldston, Sherry Davis Molock, Les B. Whitbeck, Jessica L. Murakami, Luis H. Zayas, Gordon C. Nagayama Hall

Department of Sociology: Faculty Publications

Ethnic groups differ in rates of suicidal behaviors among youths, the context within which suicidal behavior occurs (e.g., different precipitants, vulnerability and protective factors, and reactions to suicidal behaviors), and patterns of help-seeking. In this article, the authors discuss the cultural context of suicidal behavior among African American, American Indian and Alaska Native, Asian American and Pacific Islander, and Latino adolescents, and the implications of these contexts for suicide prevention and treatment. Several cross-cutting issues are discussed, including acculturative stress and protective factors within cultures; the roles of religion and spirituality and the family in culturally sensitive interventions; different manifestations …

Discourse In Inquiry Science Classrooms (Diisc): Reference Manual, Dale R. Baker, Rachelle Beard, Nievita Bueno-Watts, Elizabeth B. Lewis, Gokhan Özdemir, Giota Perkins, Sissy Wong, Senay Yaşar-Purzer

Department of Teaching, Learning, and Teacher Education: Faculty Publications

One of the greatest challenges facing scholars and funding agencies interested in reform is determining the impact of classroom practice on student achievement. The degree to which this effect can be determined is contingent upon instruments that measure teachers’ ability to enact specific instructional strategies. Frequently, a general instrument will not do because it was not designed to measure the unique focus of a professional development program or a set of variables of interest to researchers.

Consequently, specific instruments should be developed to allow researchers to measure fidelity of classroom implementation. Fidelity of implementation is always the first step in …

Nitrated Alpha-Synuclein-Activated Microglial Profiling For Parkinson’S Disease, Ashley D. Reynolds, Jason G. Glanzer, Irena Kadiu, Mary Ricardo-Dukelow, Anathbandhu Chaudhuri, Pawel Ciborowski, Ronald Cerny, Benjamin Gelman, Mark P. Thomas, R. Lee Mosley, Howard E. Gendelman

Ronald Cerny Publications

(PD). This can occur, in part, by modulation of glial function following activation by soluble or insoluble modified alphasynuclein (α-syn), a chief component of Lewy bodies that is released from affected dopaminergic neurons. α-Syn is nitrated during oxidative stress responses and in its aggregated form, induces inflammatory microglial functions. Elucidation of these microglial function changes in PD could lead to new insights into disease mechanisms. To this end, PD-associated inflammation was modeled by stimulation of microglia with aggregated and nitrated α-syn. These activated microglia were ameboid in morphology and elicited dopaminergic neurotoxicity. A profile of nitrated, aggregated α-syn-stimulated microglia was …

Phosphorylation Of Muc1 By Met Modulates Interaction With P53 And Mmp1 Expression, Pankaj K. Singh, Michelle E. Behrens, John P. Eggers, Ronald Cerny, Jennifer M. Bailey, Kandavel Shanmugam, Sandra J. Gendler, Eric P. Bennett, Michael A. Hollingsworth

Ronald Cerny Publications

MUC1, a transmembrane mucin, is a key modulator of several signaling pathways that affect oncogenesis, motility, and cell morphology. The interaction of MUC1 cytoplasmic tail (MUC1CT) with signal transducers and its nuclear translocation and subsequent biological responses are believed to be regulated by phosphorylation status, but the precise mechanisms by which this occurs remain poorly defined. We detected a novel association between the Met receptor tyrosine kinase and the MUC1CT. Met catalyzed phosphorylation of tyrosine at YHPM in the MUC1CT. Stimulation of S2-013.MUC1F pancreatic cancer cells with hepatocyte growth factor facilitated nuclear localization of MUC1CT, as determined by real time …

Single And Double Reduction Of C60 In 2:1 Γ-Cyclodextrin/[60]Fullerene Inclusion Complexes By Cyclodextrin Radicals, Annamaria Quaranta, Yongmin Zhang, Yali Wang, Ruth Edge, Suppiah Navaratnam, Edward J. Land, René V. Bensasson

Department of Chemistry: Faculty Publications

Spectroscopic and chemical properties of γ-CD^• radicals, resulting from the abstraction by HO^• radicals of hydrogen atoms, have been investigated using pulse radiolysis. The reactions of γ-CD^• radicals with C₆₀ in 2:1 γ-CD/C₆₀ inclusion complexes have been studied in aqueous solutions. It has been demonstrated that the γ-CD_ radicals are reducing species producing C₆₀^•— monoanion radicals, as well as doubly reduced C₆₀^2— , well characterized by their absorption spectra in the near IR. The oxidation potential of γ-CD^• radical is estimated to be more negative …

Influence Of Heterocyclic And Oxime-Containing Farnesol Analogs On Quorum Sensing And Pathogenicity In Candida Albicans, Roman Shchepin, Dhammika H.M.L.P. Navarathna, Raluca Dumitru, Shane Lippold, Kenneth W. Nickerson, Patrick Dussault

Patrick Dussault Publications

A series of synthetic molecules combining a geranyl backbone with a heterocyclic or oxime head group are quorum-sensing molecules that block the yeast to mycelium transition in the dimorphic fungus Candida albicans. A number of the analogs have an IC₅₀ ≤ 10 μM, a level of potency essentially identical to the natural quorum sensing signal, the sesquiterpene farnesol. Two of the most potent analogs, neither toxic toward healthy mice, display remarkably different effects when co-administered with C. albicans. While neither offers protection from candidiasis, one analog mimics farnesol in acting as a virulence factor, whereas the other …

Fumonisin Level In Corn-Based Food And Feed From Linxian County, A High-Risk Area For Esophageal Cancer In China, Jiansheng Wang, Ying Zhou, Wanbo Liu, Xiangcheng Zhu, Liangcheng Du, Qiaomei Wang

Liangcheng Du Publications

The level of mycotoxin fumonisins in corn-based food and feed collected from Linxian County, a high-risk area for esophageal cancer in China, has been analyzed using high-performance liquid chromatographic coupled with evaporative laser scattering detector (HPLC-ELSD). A total of 104 corn kernel samples were obtained from local households, granaries, wholesale markets (central markets), and retail markets (stores and supermarkets). Fumonisin B1 (FB1) was detected in the samples from households, granaries, central markets, and stores, with a positive rate of 61.5%, 50%, 33.3%, and 17%, respectively. No fumonisin was detected in samples from the supermarket. The highest FB1 levels (0.30–3.20 μg/ …

Estimating Protein-Ligand Binding Affinity Using High- Throughput Screening By Nmr, Matthew D. Shortridge Phd, David S. Hage, Gerard S. Harbison, Robert Powers

David Hage Publications

Many of today’s drug discovery programs utilize high-throughput screening methods that rely on quick evaluations of protein activity to rank potential chemical leads. By monitoring biologically relevant protein-ligand interactions, NMR can provide a means to validate these discovery leads and to optimize the drug discovery process. NMR-based screens typically use a change in chemical shift or linewidth to detect a protein-ligand interaction. However, the relatively low throughput of current NMR screens and their high demand on sample requirements generally makes it impractical to collect complete binding curves to measure the affinity for each compound in a large and diverse chemical …

Mechanisms Of Hemoglobin Adaptation To High Altitude Hypoxia, Jay F. Storz, Hideaki Moriyama

Hideaki Moriyama Publications

Evidence from a number of vertebrate taxa suggests that modifications of hemoglobin (Hb) function may often play a key role in mediating an adaptive response to high altitude hypoxia. The respiratory functions of Hb are a product of the protein’s intrinsic O₂-binding affinity and its interactions with allosteric effectors such as protons, chloride ions, CO₂, and organic phosphates. Here we review several case studies involving high altitude vertebrates where it has been possible to identify specific mechanisms of Hb adaptation to hypoxia. In addition to comparative studies of Hbs from diverse animal species, functional studies of …