Digital Commons Network^™

Carbon Neutrality At Colby College, Jamie K. O’Connell

Honors Theses

Carbon neutral is a term used to describe any organization, entity, or process that has a net greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions level of zero (Dautremont-Smith et al. 2007a). Since carbon neutrality only requires a net greenhouse gas emissions level of zero, organizations do not need to eliminate all carbon pollution to become carbon neutral. Net emissions differ from gross emissions in that gross emissions are the sum of all emissions released by the individual or entity, whereas net emissions are equivalent to the gross emissions minus any carbon offsets. A carbon offset is any activity that reduces carbon emissions so …

The Selective Synthesis Of Oxacalix[6]Arenes And The Exploration Of Azacalix[N]Arenes, W. Christian Crannell

Honors Theses

Calix[n]arenes, cyclIc molecules composed of "n" benzene rings meta-linked by a methylene to form a macrocycle, are very prevalent jn the literature and enjoy a wide range of applications. However, the oxygen bridged and nitrogen bridged systems, oxacalllx[n)arenes and azacalix[n]arenes, respectively, are far less common because they are synthetically challenging. Furthermore, the selective synthesis of oxacalix[6]arene systems has not previously been well documented, but the systems can now be accessed in a facile approach disclosed here. The insight and knowledge gained from the synthesis of oxacalix{6]arenes has provided a foray into the synthesis of azacalix[nlarenes.

Effects Of The Anticancer Agent Cloretazine On Human Apurinic Endonuclease-1 Activity, Jennifer L. Bushee

Honors Theses

The carbamolyating activity of Cloretazine, a novel anticancer prodrug, modifies protein function and acts synergistically with the choroethyalting species, which a1kylales DNA. The reactive subspecies responsible for carbamolylating activity is methyl isocyanate, which reacts with sulfhydryl groups and amines. DNA repair enzymes have been identified as potential targets for the modification by methyl isocyanate; in particular, base excision repair enzymes. Enzymes in DNA base excision repair include DNA polymerase beta (Pol ?) and apurinic/apyrimidic endonucease-l (APE/Ref-1). APE/Ref-1 hydrolyzes the 5' -phosphodiester DNA backbone from an abasic DNA template, where the base was excised by a DNA glycosylase. The entire nucleotide …

Closing Argument: Addressing Damages In Aviation Wrongful Death Cases, Kevin W. Murphy

Journal of Air Law and Commerce

No abstract provided.

Optimized Wlan Mac Protocol For Multimedia Applications, Hushairi Zen, Daryoush Habibi, Alexander Rassau, Iftekhar Ahmad

Research outputs pre 2011

In this paper we propose an optimized WLAN MAC protocol for multimedia applications. The proposed MAC protocol consist of 3 main optimizing architectures, traffic segregation, specific service interval (SI) for voice and video traffic and smaller contention window (CW). Traffic segregation segregates real-time traffic from best-effort traffic while specific service interval provides voice and video traffic with the SI based on its mean arrival rate. In the contention time frame, the CW is made smaller to reduce delay and increase throughput. Ns2 is used as a simulating tool to compare the results of our proposed protocol with the legacy 802.11 …

Engaging Academically At Risk Primary School Students In An Ict Mediated After-School Program, Lee Yong Tay, Cher Ping Lim

Research outputs pre 2011

This case study documents how a group of 14 academically at risk Primary 5 students (11 year olds) were engaged in academic related tasks in an after school program mediated by a 3-D Multi-User Virtual Environment (MUVE). Although there was no significant difference in the students' academic performance, they were found to be more engaged in the learning tasks and had acquired a range of information and communication technology (ICT) skills. At the start of the program students attended irregularly, but this improved gradually over the weeks, and other Primary 5 students were attracted to enrol in the program. …

Tunable True-Time Delay Unit Based On Opto-Vlsi Processing, Feng Xiao, Budi Juswardy, Kamal Alameh

Research outputs pre 2011

A novel tunable true-time delay unit is proposed and demonstrated. The unit is based on the use of an Opto-VLSI processor that dynamically selects a single waveband or multiple wavebands from an RF-modulated broadband optical signal and routes them to a high-dispersion fiber for arbitrary time delay synthesis. Experimental results demonstrate continuously tunable time delay of up to 4 ns.

The Osi Network Management Model - Capacity And Performance Management, Chompu Nuangjamnong, Stanislaw P. Maj, David Veal

Research outputs pre 2011

With the rapid growth of large enterprise networks, capacity and performance management issues are becoming increasingly important to both business organizations and the telecommunication industry. Capacity and performance management techniques and methods provide guidance on how to plan, justify and manage network resources. Inappropriate planning for capacity and performance may lead to wasted resources resulting in unnecessary cost, or lack of resources resulting in poor network performance or even the unavailability of IT services. Moreover, it is not uncommon for networks to be equipped with devices from different vendors which potentially add to complexity. Resource management may be assisted by …

Creating A Web-Based Knowledge-Building Team: Design Of Tasks, Scaffolds And Social Affordances, Catherine Mcloughlin, Joseph Luca

Research outputs pre 2011

In a blended learning environment, where students undertake professional skills development in the workplace, a flexible environment is designed in order to support problem solving in project management. The design of the environment, informed by socio-cultural theory, was intended to support knowledge building among students, and in particular to support exchange of ideas, peer review and commentary on solutions presented to problems, and a reflective space for exchange of ideas. The online environment incorporates a number of functional affordances that scaffold knowledge exchange, collaborative tasks and peer commentary. The design features of the online site are described and a proposed …

The Use Of Neural Networks In The Prediction Of The Stock Exchange Of Thailand (Set) Index, Suchira Chaigusin, Chaiyaporn Chirathamjaree, Judith Clayden

Research outputs pre 2011

Prediction of stock prices is an issue of interest to financial markets. Many prediction techniques have been reported in stock forecasting. Neural networks are viewed as one of the more suitable techniques. In this study, an experiment on the forecasting of the Stock Exchange of Thailand (SET) was conducted by using feedforward backpropagation neural networks. In the experiment, many combinations of parameters were investigated to identify the right set of parameters for the neural network models in the forecasting of SET. Several global and local factors influencing the Thai stock market were used in developing the models, including the Dow …

Opto-Vlsi-Based Reconfigurable Microwave Photonic Transversal Filter With Positive And Negative Coefficients, Feng Xiao, Budi Juswardy, Kamal Alameh

Research outputs pre 2011

A novel reconfigurable microwave photonic filter structure with positive and negative coefficients is proposed and demonstrated. The filter structure comprises two arrayed waveguide gratings, a custom-made fiber array, high-dispersion fibres, and a reconfigurable opto-VLSI processor. Positive and negative filter weights can flexibly be synthesised to realise arbitrary transfer functions. Experimental results are presented, which demonstrate the principle of the proposed filter structure.

Towards Automated Test Sequence Generation, Usman Farooq, Chiou Peng Lam, Huaizhong Li

Research outputs pre 2011

The article presents a novel control-flow based test sequence generation technique using UML 2.0 activity diagram, which is a behavioral type of UML diagram. Like other model-based techniques, this technique can be used in the earlier phases of the development process owing to the availability of the design models of the system. The activity diagram model is seamlessly converted into a colored Petri net. We proposed a technique that enables the automatic generation of test sequences according to a given coverage criteria from the execution of the colored Petri nets model. Two types of structural coverage criteria for AD based …

Question Forms In Spoken Malaysian English / Indira A/P V.P. Govindan., Indira V. P. Govindan

Student Works (2000-2009)

No abstract provided.

Language Choice Among Dayak Bidayuh Undergraduates / Caesar Delwis @ Dealwis., Caesar Dealwis

Student Works (2000-2009)

No abstract provided.

Managing Departmental Knowledge Through An Open Source E-Portal / Gan See Leng, See Leng Gan

Student Works (2000-2009)

The purpose of this research is to analyze whether an open source knowledge management e-portal can be used to manage, share, retain and capture the organization or departmental knowledge which could be lost due to retirement, resignation of employees or improper management of knowledge. There is no specific definition of what organization or departmental knowledge is but generally it can be described as the knowledge sourced from the organization or department which are held by its employees or are recorded in some materials such as books, documents, logs and etc. Many organizations do not know what their organization or departmental …

E-Learning Using The Study Companion Approach For Secondary School Mathematics (Esca-Math) / Nur Azizan @ Nur Azyan Yusof, Yusof Nur Azizan @ Nur Azyan

Student Works (2000-2009)

In schools educational system, the advancing technologies in e-learning should not focus on the transition from conventional classroom teaching to self-pursue e-learning system, but instead how these technologies can be used to support the learning process. However, without careful considerations, students fail to acknowledge and benefit from the support systems and causes low level of satisfaction towards using them. The main objective of this study is to investigate and suggest solutions to the problems that resulted in low to moderate percentage of satisfaction in the usage of Internet and e-learning system towards educational pursuit among students. The results of the …

Barriers To Parental Involvement In The Seneca Valley School District, Jeffrey Fuller

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

The involvement of parents in the educational programs of their children has been shown to have a significant impact on both student achievement and the family. While both educators and parents are accountable for the development of the partnership between the home and the school, teachers and school administrators have the greatest responsibility for opening the lines of communication and making schools and classrooms welcoming. By identifying and overcoming those factors that parents perceive to be barriers to their involvement in their child's educational program, educators will have a significant positive impact on the future success of the children in …

Use Of Cooperative Learning And Computer Assisted Instruction To Investigate Mathematics Achievement Scores, Student's Attitude Toward Cooperative Learning And Confidence In Subject Matter, Kathy R. Griffin

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

This study investigated mathematics achievement scores between students working in cooperative learning groups using computer assisted instruction (CAI), and students working alone using CAI in a post-secondary developmental mathematics class. Fifty-one students enrolled in a basic mathematics course participated in the study. Two classes were assigned to work alone using CAI, and two classes were assigned to work in cooperative pairs using CAI. This study was a pre-post-test design, and was administered to all participants to determine their mathematics achievement scores.

A survey using a 5 point Likert Scale further examined if using cooperative learning and CAI would change students' …

The Problem Of Substantial Generation In Aristotle's Physical Writings, Michael Ivins

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

This dissertation explores the relation between Aristotle's account of the generation of substances and his attempt to lay the foundations for his natural philosophy. The central question concerns the injunction posed by the Eleatic philosophers to the study of nature on the basis of the principle "ex nihilo nihil" which they formulated into argument against the intelligibility of nature. Aristotle's Physics begins with a sustained attempt to defeat the Eleatic prohibition by demonstrating that change in general can be understood once a few principles are established. My reading of the arguments that constitute Aristotle's refutation of the Eleatics and the …

Influence Of A Collaborative Norming Process On Teacher Perceptions Of Middle Level Team Structure And Development, Brian Miller

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

The teaming concept has served as a cornerstone of middle level philosophy and education since the middle school movement began in the 1960s. The literature on teaming is quite extensive and the interpretations of that research often differ among schools. For the purpose of this study, teaming is defined as a small group of teachers with different content responsibilities who work with the same group of students in a school-within-a-school structure. Described as a signature practice in the middle school movement, teaming provides an organizational framework that allows schools to design and deliver effective learning to every student (Crow and …

The Adaptive Cross Approximation Algorithm Applied To Electromagnetic Scattering By Bodies Of Revolution, Brent D. Rogus

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Finding solutions to Maxwell's Equations is the key to modeling all electromagnetic phenomenon. One approach to solving Maxwell's Equations is to use an integral equation approach. The integral equations can then be solved numerically by approaches like the method of moments or the Nystrom method. These approaches yield a dense system of linear equations. The coefficient matrix must be computed and stored, which requires a great deal of computational resources. The adaptive cross approximation (ACA) algorithm is a method which can be used to efficiently compute and store these matricies. This thesis will apply the ACA to a special class …

Electron Field-Emission From Carbon Nanotubes For Nanomachining Applications, Jaime A. Sanchez

University of Kentucky Doctoral Dissertations

The ability to pattern in the nanoscale to drill holes, to draw lines, to make circles, or more complicated shapes that span a few atoms in width is the main driver behind current efforts in the rapidly growing area of nanomanufacturing. In applications ranging from the microprocessor industry to biomedical science, there is a constant need to develop new tools and processes that enable the shrinking of devices. For this and more applications, nanomanufacturing using electron beams offers a window of opportunity as a top-down approach since electrons, unlike light, have a wavelength that is in the order of the …

The Mobility Of Fecal Indicator Microorganisms Within A Karst Groundwater Basin In The Inner Bluegrass Region, Kentucky, James Wade Ward

University of Kentucky Doctoral Dissertations

This project implemented novel approaches to assess the source, age, concentration and mobility of fecal indicator microorganisms within a karst groundwater system. Research was conducted in the well-characterized Blue Hole Spring karst groundwater basin in Versailles, Woodford County, Kentucky. At this site the AC/TC ratio and fecal coliform (FC) bacteria counts were used to delineate sources of fecal inputs and determine relative age of the fecal matter. An aging experiment using indicator bacteria (total coliform (TC) and atypical colonies (AC)), which approximated subsurface conditions, indicated that changes in the AC/TC ratio are likely to be retarded during bacterial transport through …

Precision Measurements Of The Neutron Electric Form Factor At High Momentum Transfers, Ameya Suresh Kolarkar

University of Kentucky Doctoral Dissertations

The neutron, although electrically neutral, is composed of elementary charged particles and as a result, possesses a charge distribution within. The charge distribution can be studied by measuring a quantity called the neutron electric form factor, Gⁿ_E. Experiment E02-013 at Jefferson Lab’s Hall A measured Gⁿ_E at high four-momentum transfer values of Q2 = 1.2, 1.7, 2.5 and 3.4 (GeV/c)² in double polarized semi-exclusive ³He(e, e'n) scattering in quasi-elestic kinematics by measuring the transverse asymmetry A_T of the cross section.

The neutron electric form factor is essential to …

Colloid Mediated Transport Of Heavy Metals In Soils Following Reclamation With And Without Biosolid Application, Jarrod O. Miller

University of Kentucky Doctoral Dissertations

Soils disturbed by strip mining practices may have increased colloid loads moving to groundwater resources, also enhancing the transport of contaminants into our water resources. We hypothesize that contaminant transport within soils following mining is enhanced by colloid mobility. Two sites were chosen for this study, a 30-year old reclaimed strip mine in southwest Virginia and a recently mined area from eastern Kentucky. Intact reclaimed soil monoliths were retrieved from sandstone derived soils in southwestern Virginia. Reclaimed monoliths from eastern Kentucky were recreated in the lab. Intact undisturbed (native) soil monoliths representing the soils before mining were also sampled for …

Ecosystem Restoration In The Ouachita National Forest: Evaluating The Pragmatism Of Pre-European Settlement Benchmarks, John Lawrence Davenport

University of Kentucky Doctoral Dissertations

This paper looks at the intersections of nature and culture through a study of forest ecosystem restoration efforts in the Ouachita National Forest (Arkansas and Oklahoma). Ecosystem restoration goals are often informed by a pre-European settlement (PES) condition, with an implicit (and occasionally explicit) assertion that such conditions are both more natural than and preferable to the contemporary state. In many cases resuming pre-suppression fire regimes remains a key mechanism for achieving this restored condition. This study’s three main objectives include: (1) determining how PES benchmarks arose in restoration thought, (2) examining how the choice to use a PES benchmark …

Design, Synthesis, And Pharmacological Evaluation Of A Series Of Novel, Guanidine And Amidine-Containing Neonicotinoid-Like Analogs Of Nicotine: Subtype-Selective Interactions At Neuronal Nicotinic-Acetylcholine Receptor., Aaron Joseph Haubner

University of Kentucky Doctoral Dissertations

The current project examined the ability of a novel series of guandine and amidine-containing nicotine analogs to interact with several native and recombinantlyexpressed mammalian neuronal nicotinic-acetylcholine receptor (nAChR) subtypes. Rational drug design methods and parallel organic synthesis was used to generate a library of guanidine-containing nicotine (NIC) analogs (AH compounds). A smaller series of amidine-containing nicotine analogs (JC compounds) were also synthesized. In total, >150 compounds were examined. Compounds were first assayed for affinity in a high-throughput [³H]epibatidine radioligand-binding screen. Lead compounds were evaluated in subtype-selective binding experiments to probe for affinity at the α₄β_{2 …}

Studies Of Low-Lying States In 94zr Excited With The Inelastic Neutron Scattering Reaction, Esmat Elhami

University of Kentucky Doctoral Dissertations

The aim of nuclear structure studies is to observe and describe the structures and associated symmetries in nuclei, which in turn help us in understanding the nature of nucleon-nucleon interactions in a nucleus as a many-body quantum system. The protons and neutrons as constituents of a nucleus and their interactions are responsible for nuclear properties. The evolution of nuclear structure as a function of valence nucleon number, i.e., the number of nucleons beyond a magic number, can be inferred from the experimental level scheme and transition rates. In particular, the studies of low-lying, low-spin excited states in stable nuclei provide …

Benzene-1,3-Diamidoethanethiol (Bdeth2) And Its Metal Compounds, Kamruz Md Zaman

University of Kentucky Doctoral Dissertations

There is a global need to find a permanent and readily implemented solution to the problem of heavy metal pollution in aqueous environments. A dithiol compound, benzene-1,3-diamidoethanethiol (BDETH₂), also known as N,N'-bis(2-mercaptoethyl) isophthalamide or N,N'-bis(2-mercaptoethyl)-1,3-benzenedicarboxamide, capable of binding divalent metal ions, has been synthesized and characterized. A broad range of BDET-metal compounds, spanning the periodic chart, has been prepared and characterized by IR, MS, EA, Raman, XAFS and TGA. The characteristics of the BDET-M compounds were determined through secondary reactions. In an effort to derivatize BDET-M compounds through alkylalumination a new cyclic compound, 1,3- bis(4,5-dihydrothiazolo)benzene, has …

Metabolite Analysis Of Clostridium Thermocellum Using Capillary Electrophoresis Based Techniques, Anup P. Thakur

University of Kentucky Doctoral Dissertations

Clostridium thermocellum is a thermophilic bacterium that converts biomass to ethanol directly; however, high sensitivity of this bacterium toward ethanol limits its commercial utility. To elucidate the effect of ethanol on the growth of this bacterium a metabolite analysis of C. thermocellum was performed. The hypothesis of the project was that exogenous ethanol alters the metabolite profile of C. thermocellum. For metabolite analysis, capillary electrophoresis-electrospray ionization-mass spectrometry method (CE-ESI-MS) was developed due to highly polar and charged nature of metabolites. To increase the sensitivity of CE-ESI-MS, several parameters at the ESI interface were optimized. The application of 50% isopropanol …