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2008

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The Game Of Wardens And Poachers, Craig J. Forsyth Dec 2008

The Game Of Wardens And Poachers, Craig J. Forsyth

Journal of Rural Social Sciences

This paper is a descriptive analysis of the main aspect of the job of game wardens, the apprehension of poachers. Based on data from interviews with 62 game wardens the author describes the actions of game wardens in attempting to enforce wildlife conservation laws. Extensive quotations from interviews with game wardens are presented. The analysis is focused around their responses to guiding questions regarding the probability of apprehension of poachers. These include: (1) poaching alone, (2) very experienced at poaching, (3) nevertalks about their poaching activities, (4) the use of informants, (5) remaining mobile, (6) being familiar with the geographic …

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Theoretical Predictors Of Delinquency In And Out Of School Among A Sample Of Rural Public School Youth, Preston Elrod, Irina R. Soderstrom, David C. May Dec 2008

Theoretical Predictors Of Delinquency In And Out Of School Among A Sample Of Rural Public School Youth, Preston Elrod, Irina R. Soderstrom, David C. May

Journal of Rural Social Sciences

This paper compares predictors of in-school and out-of-school delinquency and is based on data collected from 2,011 subjects at two elementary, one middle, and one high school in a rural school district. Predictors were derived from a variety of theoretical perspectives including social organization and social control; interactionist theory; differential association and social learning; strain, culture conflict, and critical theory. In addition, several demographic variables were included in the analysis. Regression results revealed that negative peer influence, victimization experience, attachment to school, gender, general strain, alienation, and the student’s self-reported response to a weapon at school were significant predictors of …

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Scots-Irish Women And The Southern Culture Of Violence: The Influence Of Scots-Irish Females On High Rates Of Southern Violence, Emily R. Berthelot, Troy Blanchard, Timothy C. Brown Dec 2008

Scots-Irish Women And The Southern Culture Of Violence: The Influence Of Scots-Irish Females On High Rates Of Southern Violence, Emily R. Berthelot, Troy Blanchard, Timothy C. Brown

Journal of Rural Social Sciences

Prior research has documented a higher rate of violent crime within the South relative to other U.S. regions. Some scholars argue that higher rates of violence in the South are due to the lasting effect of the unique culture of the Scots-Irish immigrants that came into the U.S. in the mid-1700's. Though there is a large body of literature examining the link between culture and violence in the South, an implicit assumption of this line of study is that the cultural effect occurs largely within the white male population in rural Southern areas. No study, to our knowledge, has extended …

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Effects Of Rotational Grazing On Rodents And Raptors In A Coastal Grassland, Matthew D. Johnson, Christa M. Horn Dec 2008

Effects Of Rotational Grazing On Rodents And Raptors In A Coastal Grassland, Matthew D. Johnson, Christa M. Horn

Western North American Naturalist

We conducted a 4-year experiment to assess the impacts of rotational cattle grazing on rodents and raptors in a mesic coastal grassland in northwestern California. Live-trapping indicated that rodent abundance declined by 69% on the grazed area and increased by 14% on the ungrazed area. Raptor use of the grazed area declined by 15% and increased on the ungrazed area by 63%. Measures of giving-up density indicated that rodents perceived a 25% higher predation risk on grazed area than on ungrazed area, but raptor hunting surveys indicated that risk of depredation from raptors was 2.5 times lower in the grazed …

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Optimal Temperatures For Growth And Upper Thermal Tolerance Of Juvenile Northern Leatherside Chub, Eric J. Billman, Eric J. Wagner, Ronney E. Arndt, Erin Vandyke Dec 2008

Optimal Temperatures For Growth And Upper Thermal Tolerance Of Juvenile Northern Leatherside Chub, Eric J. Billman, Eric J. Wagner, Ronney E. Arndt, Erin Vandyke

Western North American Naturalist

We examined optimal temperatures for growth and the upper thermal tolerance of juvenile northern leatherside chub (Lepidomeda copei). We conducted 2 experiments using the acclimated chronic-exposure method to estimate optimal temperature for growth of age-0 northern leatherside chub (range 12.8–28.3 °C). Upper thermal tolerance was estimated using the critical thermal maximum (CTM) and upper incipient lethal temperature (UILT) methods for fish acclimated at 15, 18, 23, and 28 °C. We also measured stream temperatures in Yellow Creek, Summit County, Utah, during July–August 2006 to compare our results to actual summer stream temperatures. Survival in growth tests was not …

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Reproduction By June Sucker In A Refuge Population: Successful Spawning In A Lake Habitat, Eric J. Billman Dec 2008

Reproduction By June Sucker In A Refuge Population: Successful Spawning In A Lake Habitat, Eric J. Billman

Western North American Naturalist

The June sucker (Chasmistes liorus) is an endangered lake sucker endemic to Utah Lake, Utah. As part of recovery actions, June suckers were introduced into Red Butte Reservoir, Utah, as a wild grow-out site. Since their introduction, June suckers have successfully reproduced in Red Butte Reservoir, producing a large population in this refuge. I used passive egg collectors (egg traps and nets) and observational surveys to determine the location of spawning sites within the reservoir, and larval light trapping to determine successful recruitment (i.e., egg survival through larval swim-up) at these sites. Eggs were collected between 18 June …

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Water Stress And Hybridization Between Quercus Gambelii And Quercus Grisea, Nathan G. Swenson, Jeanne M. Fair, Jeff Heikoop Dec 2008

Water Stress And Hybridization Between Quercus Gambelii And Quercus Grisea, Nathan G. Swenson, Jeanne M. Fair, Jeff Heikoop

Western North American Naturalist

The historical and environmental forces involved in determining the geographic location of plant hybrid zones have long been of interest. Often hybrid zones appear to be intimately tied to the environment, yet because many abiotic factors covary it is often difficult to understand which are truly the most important in maintaining the position and structure of a hybrid zone. This study uses empirical data and modeling analyses to examine whether abiotic factors are responsible for the location and structure of an oak (Quercus) hybrid zone and, if so, which factors are the most important. Specifically, leaf trait measurements …

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Diet And Sexual Dimorphism Of The Desert Iguana, Dipsosaurus Dorsalis, From Sonora, Mexico, Christopher J. Dibble, Geoffrey R. Smith, Julio A. Lemos-Espinal Dec 2008

Diet And Sexual Dimorphism Of The Desert Iguana, Dipsosaurus Dorsalis, From Sonora, Mexico, Christopher J. Dibble, Geoffrey R. Smith, Julio A. Lemos-Espinal

Western North American Naturalist

We examined the diet and sexual dimorphism of the desert iguana, Dipsosaurus dorsalis, from Sonora, Mexico. The diet consisted primarily of vegetation, with insect material contributing little to the overall volume of the diet. Plant matter was restricted to leaves and seeds. Animal prey consisted mostly of ants, termites, and beetles. Males and females did not differ significantly in snout–vent length, head length, or head width. These results confirm that in general D. dorsalis is herbivorous and not sexually dimorphic through much of its range.


Examinamos la dieta y dimorfismo sexual de la Iguana del Desierto, Dipsosaurus dorsalis, en Sonora, …

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Gizzard Shad (Dorosoma Cepedianum) Expansion And Reproduction In The Upper Colorado River Basin, Sam T. Finney, Mark H. Fuller Dec 2008

Gizzard Shad (Dorosoma Cepedianum) Expansion And Reproduction In The Upper Colorado River Basin, Sam T. Finney, Mark H. Fuller

Western North American Naturalist

Gizzard shad (Dorosoma cepedianum) were introduced into the Colorado River Basin circa 1996 via an unintentional contaminated stocking. Gizzard shad were collected throughout much of the Upper Colorado River Basin in 2005, 2006, and 2007. These collections document a rapid range expansion of this introduced species and a threat to intact fisheries.

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New Distributional Records Of The Red Squirrel (Tamiasciurus Hudsonicus) In Western New Mexico And Evidence For Its Extirpation From The Zuni Mountains, Jennifer K. Frey Dec 2008

New Distributional Records Of The Red Squirrel (Tamiasciurus Hudsonicus) In Western New Mexico And Evidence For Its Extirpation From The Zuni Mountains, Jennifer K. Frey

Western North American Naturalist

In the American Southwest, the red squirrel (Tamiasciurus hudsonicus) occurs as disjunct populations in coniferous forests on mountaintops. There is a paucity of information concerning the species' distribution and habitat in western New Mexico. I report new records that document and verify the occurrence of red squirrels in additional montane areas in west central New Mexico, including the Mangas Mountains, Canovas Rim, Turner Mountain, Tularosa Mountains, Elk Mountains, Bearwallow Mountain, and Pinos Altos Mountains. I also report observations of red squirrels from an atypical habitat—low-elevation riparian forests. These new records suggest that the geographic distribution of the species …

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Unnatural Landscapes: Tracking Invasive Species By Ceiridwen Terrill, Howard O. Clark Jr. Dec 2008

Unnatural Landscapes: Tracking Invasive Species By Ceiridwen Terrill, Howard O. Clark Jr.

Western North American Naturalist

No abstract provided.

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Penghitungan Value At Risk Portofolio Optimum Saham Perusahaan Berbasis Syariah Dengan Pendekatan Ewma, Agung D. Buchdadi Dec 2008

Penghitungan Value At Risk Portofolio Optimum Saham Perusahaan Berbasis Syariah Dengan Pendekatan Ewma, Agung D. Buchdadi

Jurnal Akuntansi dan Keuangan Indonesia

The objective of this research is to examine maximum losses when investor invests on syariah based stock. Markowitz model is used for constructing the optimal portfolio. Value at Risk Model is also used for calculating the expected losses. The research indicates that volatility seems to cluster in a predictable fashion. Therefore the research forecasts variances used exponentially weighted moving average (EWMA) model. This research also aims to evaluate whether the EWMA model can predict variances reasonably well. The data used in this research are syariah based stock which had been included in Jakarta Islamic Index (JII) during the year 2005—2006. …

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Pengaruh Karakteristik Perusahaan Terhadap Pengungkapan Corporate Social Responsibility (Csr) Dan Dampaknya Terhadap Reaksi Investor, Rita Yuliana, Bambang Purnomosidhi, Eko Ganis Sukoharsono Dec 2008

Pengaruh Karakteristik Perusahaan Terhadap Pengungkapan Corporate Social Responsibility (Csr) Dan Dampaknya Terhadap Reaksi Investor, Rita Yuliana, Bambang Purnomosidhi, Eko Ganis Sukoharsono

Jurnal Akuntansi dan Keuangan Indonesia

Recently, Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) idiom can be easily found in many accounting literatures. It refers to the idea that the firm could not be separated with its environment. CSR is the responsibility o f business organization to involve in protecting environment and social welfare. In fact, many firm s in Indonesia have already applied the disclosure o f CSR, even ju st in a simple ways. The objective o f this research are: (1) to identify the corporate/ firm characteristics including corporate/ firm size, profitability, size o f the board o f commissioners, and public ownership influences to the …

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Reinvigorating Tax Expenditure Analysis And Its International Dimension, J. Clifton Fleming Jr., Robert J. Peroni Dec 2008

Reinvigorating Tax Expenditure Analysis And Its International Dimension, J. Clifton Fleming Jr., Robert J. Peroni

Faculty Scholarship

Tax expenditure analysis (TEA) was rigorously criticized from its inception and continues to draw negative reviews. Notwithstanding this criticism, the Congressional Budget and Impoundment Control Act of 1974 requires the President's annual budget submission to contain a list of tax expenditures, and Congress's Joint Committee on Taxation has produced its own tax expenditure list each year since 1972. Although TEA has not restrained or reversed the growth of tax expenditures, TEA continues to play a major role in tax policy debates to the chagrin of its detractors. The persistence of TEA in a hostile environment suggests that it has meaningful …

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Exercising Passive Personality Jurisdiction Over Combatants: A Theory In Need Of A Political Solution, Eric Talbot Jensen Dec 2008

Exercising Passive Personality Jurisdiction Over Combatants: A Theory In Need Of A Political Solution, Eric Talbot Jensen

Faculty Scholarship

On March 4, 2005, a car carrying Nicola Calipari and Andrea Carpani, members of the Italian Ministry of Intelligence, and Giuliana Sgrena, a journalist who had been taken hostage one month before and who had just been released and was on her way back to Italy, was traveling to the Baghdad Airport. The car was fired on by US forces from a checkpoint, killing Mr. Calipari and wounding Ms. Sgrena and Mr. Carpani. As a result of this tragic event, a joint investigation occurred and but Italy and the United States could not agree on the results. The United States …

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Effects Of The Isps Code On Ship And Port Security - A Swedish Perspective, Peter Hellberg Dec 2008

Effects Of The Isps Code On Ship And Port Security - A Swedish Perspective, Peter Hellberg

World Maritime University Dissertations

No abstract provided.

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A Qualitative Study Of The Interaction Between Maritime Pilots And Vessel Traffic Service Operators, Andreas Bach Dec 2008

A Qualitative Study Of The Interaction Between Maritime Pilots And Vessel Traffic Service Operators, Andreas Bach

World Maritime University Dissertations

No abstract provided.

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Assessment Of Alternative Maritime Power (Cold Ironing) And Its Impact On Port Management And Operations., Richard Fiadomor Dec 2008

Assessment Of Alternative Maritime Power (Cold Ironing) And Its Impact On Port Management And Operations., Richard Fiadomor

World Maritime University Dissertations

No abstract provided.

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Shipping In Antarctica : Can Safety And Environmental Protection Be Addressed Considering The Existing Legal Regimes?, Javier C. Erazo Dec 2008

Shipping In Antarctica : Can Safety And Environmental Protection Be Addressed Considering The Existing Legal Regimes?, Javier C. Erazo

World Maritime University Dissertations

No abstract provided.

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An Analysis Of The Salvage Market In China, Lu Su Dec 2008

An Analysis Of The Salvage Market In China, Lu Su

World Maritime University Dissertations

No abstract provided.

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The Legal Status Of Dokdo Under Article 121 Of The 1982 Unclos : Is Dokdo Entitled To Generate Eez Or Continental Shelf?, Sun Choon. Park Dec 2008

The Legal Status Of Dokdo Under Article 121 Of The 1982 Unclos : Is Dokdo Entitled To Generate Eez Or Continental Shelf?, Sun Choon. Park

World Maritime University Dissertations

No abstract provided.

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Field Identification Of Myotis Yumanensis And Myotis Lucifugus: A Morphological Evaluation, Thomas J. Rodhouse, Shonene A. Scott, Patricia C. Ormsbee, Jan M. Zinck Dec 2008

Field Identification Of Myotis Yumanensis And Myotis Lucifugus: A Morphological Evaluation, Thomas J. Rodhouse, Shonene A. Scott, Patricia C. Ormsbee, Jan M. Zinck

Western North American Naturalist

Myotis lucifugus and Myotis yumanensis are 2 species of bats subject to potentially high rates of misidentification because they are often difficult to differentiate in the hand under field conditions. We tested the utility of a suite of external morphological characteristics frequently cited in regional keys to differentiate the 2 species in the field. Forearm length, dorsal pelage sheen, ear color, and forehead slope were examined from 101 bats captured in central Oregon during 2002–2003. Post hoc genetic analysis was performed on tissue samples collected from the 101 bats to confirm identification. Forearm lengths overlapped considerably between species. Only 18% …

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Short-Term Effects Of Wildfire On Montane Stream Ecosystems In The Southern Rocky Mountains: One And Two Years Post-Burn, Sharon J. Hall, Danica Lombardozzi Dec 2008

Short-Term Effects Of Wildfire On Montane Stream Ecosystems In The Southern Rocky Mountains: One And Two Years Post-Burn, Sharon J. Hall, Danica Lombardozzi

Western North American Naturalist

The frequency and intensity of wildfire in the western United States has increased over the last century, creating a heterogeneous mosaic of landscapes in various stages of recovery. The 2002 Hayman Fire was one of the largest wildfires in Colorado history and was unprecedented for its speed and intensity, with over 50%–70% of the burn area classified as moderate to high severity where much of the canopy crown was consumed. We evaluated the short-term impact of the Hayman Fire on ecological properties in montane stream ecosystems in the summers of 2003 and 2004, one and two years post-fire. Fire significantly …

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Distribution And Status Of The Yellow-Faced Pocket Gopher In Kansas, Justin D. Hoffman, Jerry R. Choate Dec 2008

Distribution And Status Of The Yellow-Faced Pocket Gopher In Kansas, Justin D. Hoffman, Jerry R. Choate

Western North American Naturalist

Previous research suggests that the yellow-faced pocket gopher (Cratogeomys castanops) occupies a restricted range in western Kansas that is surrounded by the range of the plains pocket gopher (Geomys bursarius), which is regarded as a superior competitor. To determine whether the plains pocket gopher has encroached on the range of the yellow-faced pocket gopher in the past 35 years and to better understand the geographic relationships of these species, we trapped pocket gophers in western Kansas and collected soil texture and land cover data. We used ArcView 3.2 to map the distributions of these species in …

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Distribution, Abundance, And Genetic Population Structure Of Wood River Sculpin, Cottus Leiopomus, Kevin A. Meyer, Daniel J. Schill, Matthew R. Campbell, Christine C. Kozfkay Dec 2008

Distribution, Abundance, And Genetic Population Structure Of Wood River Sculpin, Cottus Leiopomus, Kevin A. Meyer, Daniel J. Schill, Matthew R. Campbell, Christine C. Kozfkay

Western North American Naturalist

The Wood River sculpin Cottus leiopomus is endemic to the Wood River Basin in central Idaho and is a nongame species of concern because of its limited distribution. However, status and genetic population structure, 2 factors often central to the conservation and management of species of concern, have not been assessed for this species. We used backpack electrofishers to survey streams that were small enough (i.e., <10 m wide) to collect quantitative distribution and abundance data for Wood River sculpin, and we used mitochondrial DNA control region sequencing to investigate the distribution of genetic variation across the species' range. Of the 102 study sites surveyed, 20 sites (20%) had Wood River sculpin present, including 50%, 15%, and 0% of the sites predicted a priori to contain, possibly contain, or not contain the sculpin, respectively. Native redband trout Oncorhynchus mykiss gairdneri were present at 21 study sites, including 18 of the 20 sites that contained Wood River …

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Sex Ratios Of The White-Tailed Antelope Ground Squirrel (Ammospermophilus Leucurus), Indian Wells Valley, San Bernardino County, California, Charles J. Randel Iii, Howard O. Clark Jr. Dec 2008

Sex Ratios Of The White-Tailed Antelope Ground Squirrel (Ammospermophilus Leucurus), Indian Wells Valley, San Bernardino County, California, Charles J. Randel Iii, Howard O. Clark Jr.

Western North American Naturalist

We studied the white-tailed antelope ground squirrel during spring and summer 2006 to determine young-of-the-year and adult sex ratios in the Indian Wells Valley, San Bernardino County, California. We calculated a young-of-the-year sex ratio of 1.45:1 (female to male), whereas the adult sex ratio was approximately 1:1. Our young-of-the-year sex ratio was greater than the 1.1:1 (female to male) natal sex ratio previously reported. Differences between young-of-the-year and adult sex ratios may represent low female young-of-the-year survivorship in the Indian Wells Valley.

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Pengaruh Persuasi Atas Preferensi Klien Dan Pengalaman Audit Terhadap Pertimbangan Auditor Dalam Mengevaluasi Bukti Audit, Enggar Diah Puspa Arum Dec 2008

Pengaruh Persuasi Atas Preferensi Klien Dan Pengalaman Audit Terhadap Pertimbangan Auditor Dalam Mengevaluasi Bukti Audit, Enggar Diah Puspa Arum

Jurnal Akuntansi dan Keuangan Indonesia

The purpose o f this research is to analyze whether the persuasiveness o f client preferences and audit experiences have effect toward the auditors judgem ent in evaluating audit evidences both partially and simultaneously Survey in this study is applied on 62 auditors who work at public accounting firm s in Bandung by using a multiple linier regression analysis. The result indicates that the persuasiveness o f client preferences and audit experiences have a significant positive effect to the auditor s judgem ent in evaluating audit evidences both partially and simultaneously. The future research is suggested to examine other variables, …

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Pengaruh Reputasi Manajemen Puncak Dan Dewan Komisaris Terhadap Penilaian Investor Pada Perusahaan Yang Melakukan Ipo, Rias Aini Sumiyana Dec 2008

Pengaruh Reputasi Manajemen Puncak Dan Dewan Komisaris Terhadap Penilaian Investor Pada Perusahaan Yang Melakukan Ipo, Rias Aini Sumiyana

Jurnal Akuntansi dan Keuangan Indonesia

This research empirically examines the influence of reputation of top management and board ofcommissioner (BOC) on firm value. Top management has a primary role as a strategic decision maker in a firm. Its actions and characteristics specifically influence the organization ’s outcomes. The main duty of BOC is to ensure that managerial decisions are consistent with shareholders goals. One indicator of top management and BOC ’s competency and skill is reputation. The purpose of the study is to investigate the influence of reputation of top management and BOC on firm value at the Initial Public Offering (IPO). Its effect is …

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Pengaruh Struktur Audit, Konflik Peran, Dan Ketidakjelasan Peran Terhadap Kinerja Auditor, Zaenal Fanani, Rheni Afriana Hanif, Bambang Subroto Dec 2008

Pengaruh Struktur Audit, Konflik Peran, Dan Ketidakjelasan Peran Terhadap Kinerja Auditor, Zaenal Fanani, Rheni Afriana Hanif, Bambang Subroto

Jurnal Akuntansi dan Keuangan Indonesia

This research was aimed to examine and to obtain empirical evidence on audit structure, role conflict, and unclarity role toward auditor performance. This research was done in East Java. Retrieval o f sample was done by using proportionate stratified random sampling based on two strata (partner and audit staff). Data collecting was carried out with questionnaire submitted directly and by airmail. Number o f questionnaires distributed was 120 copies, but only 49 questionnaires returned (40,83%). Results show that audit structure and role conflict have significant effect on auditor performance, but unclarity role does not have significant effect on auditor performance.

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Determinan Tingkat Hutang Serta Hubungan Tingkat Hutang Terhadap Nilai Perusahaan: Perspektif Pecking Order Theory, Mirna Amirya, Sari Atmini Dec 2008

Determinan Tingkat Hutang Serta Hubungan Tingkat Hutang Terhadap Nilai Perusahaan: Perspektif Pecking Order Theory, Mirna Amirya, Sari Atmini

Jurnal Akuntansi dan Keuangan Indonesia

Based on Pecking Order Theory, the objective of this study is to examine the effect of dividend policy, profitability, sales growth, and total assets growth towards financial leverage and the effect of financial leverage as an intervening variable towards firm value. The sampling method is purposive sampling method and there are 33 firms that fulfil the criteria. Data are analyzed using path analysis method. The results show that dividend policy and profitability have negative influence on financial leverage, while total assets growth has positive influence on financial leverage. Financial leverage has negative relation on firm value.

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