Digital Commons Network^™

Genome-Wide Compensatory Changes Accompany Drug Selected Mutations In The Plasmodium Falciparum Crt Gene, Hongying Jiang, Jigar J. Patel, Ming Yi, Jianbing Mu, Jinhui Ding, Robert Stephens, Roland Cooper, Michael T. Ferdig, Xin-Zhuan Su

Collected Faculty Scholarship

Mutations in PfCRT (Plasmodium falciparum chloroquine-resistant transporter), particularly the substitution at amino acid position 76, confer chloroquine (CQ) resistance in P. falciparum. Point mutations in the homolog of the mammalian multidrug resistance gene (pfmdr1) can also modulate the levels of CQ response. Moreover, parasites with the same pfcrt and pfmdr1 alleles exhibit a wide range of drug sensitivity, suggesting that additional genes contribute to levels of CQ resistance (CQR). Reemergence of CQ sensitive parasites after cessation of CQ use indicates that changes in PfCRT are deleterious to the parasite. Some CQR parasites, however, persist in the field and grow well …

Dismukes Earns Endowed Chair Name For Infectious Diseases, Staff

Browse All News

No abstract provided.

Assessment Of Risk Associated With The Minnesota Proposed Plan For Split-State Status For Mycobacterium Bovis (Bovine Tuberculosis)

Michigan Bovine Tuberculosis Bibliography and Database

In July 2005, a Minnesota beef herd tested positive for Mycobacterium bovis (M. bovis) and was officially declared infected with bovine tuberculosis (TB). This was the first infected herd identified since Minnesota’s Accredited Free (AF) status was obtained in 1976. Subsequent testing identified infection in white-tailed deer and several cattle herds adjacent to this index herd. In February 2008, Minnesota declared its 11th infected cattle herd, resulting in the downgrade of the entire State’s TB status to Modified Accredited (MA).
In an effort to minimize the impact of MA status to the State and producers, Minnesota initiated the …

The Response Of Hn4 Cells To Porphyromonas Gingivalis Dna, Cheyanne Warren

Theses and Dissertations

Periodontal disease is one of the most common human diseases. Bacteria trigger the onset and progression of the disease and among them Porphyromonas gingivalis has been demonstrated to be a major etiologic agent. Although the interaction of the bacterium with the host is of major importance for the understanding of the disease mechanisms, both the host as well as the pathogen components involved in the interaction remain poorly understood. One of the bacterial components capable of eliciting a host response is unmethylated CpG DNA motifs found in bacteria. Thus, the first aim was to determine the response of oral epithelial …

Daily Eastern News: June 19, 2008, Eastern Illinois University

June

No abstract provided.

A Reverse Transcriptase-Pcr Assay For Detecting Filarial Infective Larvae In Mosquitoes, Sandra J. Laney, Caitlin J. Buttaro, Sabato Visconti, Nils Pilotte, Reda M.R. Ramzy, Gary J. Weil, Steven A. Williams

Biological Sciences: Faculty Publications

Background: Existing molecular assays for filarial parasite DNA in mosquitoes cannot distinguish between infected mosquitoes that contain any stage of the parasite and infective mosquitoes that harbor third stage larvae (L3) capable of establishing new infections in humans. We now report development of a molecular L3-detection assay for Brugia malayi in vectors based on RT-PCR detection of an L3-activated gene transcript.

Methodology/Principal Findings: Candidate genes identified by bioinformatics analysis of EST datasets across the B. malayilife cycle were initially screened by PCR using cDNA libraries as templates. Stage-specificity was confirmed using RNA isolated from infected mosquitoes. Mosquitoes were collected daily …

Assistant Secretary For International Affairs Clay Lowery Testimony Before The House Committee On Financial Services, Clay Lowery

Documents

Assistant Secretary for International Affairs Clay Lowery discuss the Administration's request for authorization to participate in the 15th replenishment (IDA15) of the International Development Association(IDA).

Critical Involvement Of The Atm-Dependent Dna Damage Response In The Apoptotic Demise Of Hiv-1-Elicited Syncytia, Jean-Luc Perfettini, Roberta Nardacci, Mehdi Bourouba, Frederic Subra, Laurent Gros, Claire Séror, Gwenola Manic, Filippo Rosselli, Alessandra Amendola, Peggy Masdehors, Luciana Chessa, Giuseppe Novelli, David M. Ojcius, Jan Konrad Siwicki, Magdalena Chechlinska, Christian Auclair, Jose R. Regueiro, Hughes De Thé, Marie-Lise Gougeon, Mauro Piacentini, Guido Kroemer

All Dugoni School of Dentistry Faculty Articles

DNA damage can activate the oncosuppressor protein ataxia telangiectasia mutated (ATM), which phosphorylates the histone H2AX within characteristic DNA damage foci. Here, we show that ATM undergoes an activating phosphorylation in syncytia elicited by the envelope glycoprotein complex (Env) of human immunodeficiency virus-1 (HIV-1) in vitro. This was accompanied by aggregation of ATM in discrete nuclear foci that also contained phospho-histone H2AX. DNA damage foci containing phosphorylated ATM and H2AX were detectable in syncytia present in the brain or lymph nodes from patients with HIV-1 infection, as well as in a fraction of blood leukocytes, correlating with viral status. Knockdown …

Human Immunosuppressive Protein, Paul R. Sanberg, Robert W. Engelman, William R. Gower

USF Patents

A method for purifying an immunosuppressant protein (HISP) has the steps of obtaining supernatant from hNT cells; exposing the supernatant to preparative polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis to produce 20 isoelectric fractions, including active isoelectric fraction #10; placing the active isoelectric fraction on a Blue Sepharose column to bind albumin; and collecting the free fraction containing the concentrated, isolated HISP. Also disclosed is a method of treating inflammation, using an effective amount of an HISP. The HISP is anionic, has a molecular weight of 40-100 kDa, an isoelectric point of about 4.8 and is obtained from the supernatant of hNT cells, but …

Neurological And Behavioral Abnormalities, Ventricular Dilatation, Altered Cellular Functions, Inflammation, And Neuronal Injury In Brains Of Mice Due To Common, Persistent, Parasitic Infection, Gretchen Hermes, James W. Ajioka, Krystyna A. Kelly, Ernest Mui, Fiona Roberts, Kristen Kasza, Thomas Mayr, Michael J. Kirisits, Robert Wollman, David J.P Ferguson, Craig W. Roberts, Jong-Hee Hwang, Toria Trendler, Richard P. Kennan, Yasuhiro Suzuki, Catherine Reardon, William F. Hickey, Lieping Chen, Rima Mcleod

Dartmouth Scholarship

Background:

Worldwide, approximately two billion people are chronically infected with Toxoplasma gondii with largely unknown consequences.

Methods:

To better understand long-term effects and pathogenesis of this common, persistent brain infection, mice were infected at a time in human years equivalent to early to mid adulthood and studied 5–12 months later. Appearance, behavior, neurologic function and brain MRIs were studied. Additional analyses of pathogenesis included: correlation of brain weight and neurologic findings; histopathology focusing on brain regions; full genome microarrays; immunohistochemistry characterizing inflammatory cells; determination of presence of tachyzoites and bradyzoites; electron microscopy; and study of markers of inflammation in serum. …

Animal Health Matters, David H. Zeman

Animal Health MATTERS Newsletter

Head/Director's Message [Page] 1- Partnerships Matter Diagnostic News [Page] 1- Bovine Lead Poisoning: May and June are Peak Months for Diagnosis [Page] 3- Holiday Hours [Page] 3- Water Suitability for Livestock [Page] 4- Why can’t you just run it anyway? Research News [Page] 4- Research Spotlight: Dr. Chris Chase Extension News [Page] 5- State Veterinary Loan Repayment Programs –a Regional Review [Page] 6- Pieces and Parts Student News [Page] 7- SDSU Pre-Veterinary Students Admitted to Veterinary Colleges for Fall 2008 [Page] 7- 2008 – 2009 Vet Science Scholarship Award Recipients [Page] 7- Calendar of Events

Long-Term Persistence Of Mumps Antibody After Receipt Of 2 Measles-Mumps-Rubella (Mmr) Vaccinations And Antibody Response After A Third Mmr Vaccination Among A University Population, Anand Date, Moe H. Kyaw, Alison M. Rue, Julie Klahn, Leann Obrecht, Terry Krohn, Josh Rowland, Steve Ruben, Thomas J. Safranek, William J. Bellini, Gustavo H. Dayan

Nebraska Center for Virology: Faculty Publications

Background. High attack rates among vaccinated young adults reported during the 2006 mumps outbreak in the United States heightened concerns regarding mumps vaccine failure.

Methods. Serum specimens from university students and staff were tested for mumps immunoglobulin (Ig) G by enzyme immunoassay (EIA). A subset of participants vaccinated for ≤5 years and ≥15 years were tested by neutralizing antibody (NA) assay. Persons seronegative by EIA were offered a third dose of measles-mumps-rubella vaccine (MMR3), and serum specimens were obtained 7–10 days and 2–3 months after its administration.

Results. Overall, 94% (95% confidence interval [CI], 91%–96%) of the 440 participants were …

Role Played By Serum, A Biological Cue, In The Adherence Of Enterococcus Faecalis To Extracellular Matrix Proteins, Collagen, Fibrinogen, And Fibronectin, Sreedhar R Nallapareddy, Barbara E Murray

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

BACKGROUND: Most previous studies have found that Enterococcus faecalis isolates do not show significant adherence to fibronectin and fibrinogen.

METHODS: The influence of various conditions on E. faecalis adherence to extracellular matrix (ECM) proteins was evaluated using a radiolabeled-cell adherence assay.

RESULTS: Among the conditions studied, growth in 40% horse serum (a biological cue with potential clinical relevance) elicited adherence of all 46 E. faecalis strains tested to fibronectin and fibrinogen but not to elastin; adherence levels were independent of strain source, and adherence was eliminated by treating cells with trypsin. As previously reported, serum also elicited adherence to collagen. …

Bringing Down The Barriers Of Maggot Debridement Therapy, Kristine L. Gillard

Theses and Graduate Projects

The purpose of this paper is to describe the rationale for Maggot Debridement Therapy (MDT) and the development of a practice model. Chronic wounds are a growing problem in health care. Debridement of a wound is an essential component of wound healing as the presence of devitalized tissue can impede the healing process. Even with today's high-tech medicine there are still times we need to resort back to the basic and simple principles from nature that may help combat medical problems. The use of maggot larvae for wound debridement has made resurgence into wound management in the last 15 years. …

Bed Assignment: A Nurse's Call, Sandra L. Prince

Theses and Graduate Projects

The purpose of this Integrated Thesis Project is to develop a nursing unit based bed assignment procedural guideline. Currently general care patients admitted to the hospital are assigned to a bed through a centralized bed assignment process that does not involve nursing input. The nursing unit based bed assignment process is developed using the assumption that nurses will select the right bed for the right patient the first time with consideration given to patient's individual needs and staffing on the unit. A nursing unit based bed assignment process is anticipated to increase satisfaction for patient, family and nurse. Jean Watson's …

Zoonotic Disease Emergence : A Study Of Host-Pathogen-Ecosystem Dynamics, Laurie Jeanne Dizney

Dissertations and Theses

A growing body of work demonstrates that loss of biodiversity negatively impacts ecosystem functions. One function, or service, that biodiverse ecosystems provide is suppression of zoonotic diseases, which are defined as diseases carried by wildlife hosts that can spill over into human populations. Ebola, SARS, West Nile virus, Hantavirus, Avian Influenza and Lyme disease are just a few of the recently emerging zoonotic diseases. Disease suppression has been shown for Lyme disease by the dilution effect, whereby increasing species diversity decreases disease prevalence in the host populations. But does a dilution effect apply to other disease systems? To test this …

Giving Voice To Lived Experience Of Children Affected By Hiv/Aids In Namibia, Annie Retter

Theses and Graduate Projects

Namibia is one of the top five countries where HIV/AIDS is at epidemic proportions and thousands of Namibian children have become innocent victims of the disease. Research on children's lived experience of HIV/AIDS in Namibia is needed in nursing literature. The purpose of this project is to answer the question: What is it like to grow up in a society where AIDS is the leading cause of death and HIV infection rates are at epidemic proportions? Madeleine Leininger's Culture Care Theory will guide the research. An ethnonursing methodology that incorporates hermeneutic phenomenology will be used to answer the research question …

Volume 45, Number 43: June 11, 2008, University Of North Dakota

University Letter Archive

No abstract provided.

Emergence Of Carbapenem Resistant Gram Negative And Vancomycin Resistant Gram Positive Organisms In Bacteremic Isolates Of Febrile Neutropenic Patients: A Descriptive Study., Seema Irfan, Faiza Idrees, Vikram Mehraj, Faizah Habib, Salman Adil, Rumina Hasan

Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine

Background:This study was conducted to evaluate drug resistance amongst bacteremic isolates of febrile neutropenic Patients with particular emphasis on emergence of carbapenem resistant Gram negative bacteria and vancomycin resistant Enterococcus species.

Methods:

A descriptive study was performed by reviewing the blood culture reports from febrile neutropenic Patients during the two study periods i.e., 1999-00 and 2001-06. Blood cultures were performed using BACTEC 9240 automated system. Isolates were identified and antibiotic sensitivities were done using standard microbiological procedures.

Results:

Seven twenty six febrile neutropenic Patients were admitted during the study period. A total of 5840 blood cultures were received, off …

Vaccine Technology Ii: Conference Program, Barry C. Buckland, John G. Auniņš, Paula Marques Alves, Kathrin U. Jansen

Vaccine Technology II

No abstract provided.

Emerging Diseases, Zoonoses And Vaccines To Control Them, Paul-Pierre Pastoret

Vaccine Technology II

No abstract provided.

Vaccine Technology Ii: Abstracts Of Oral Presentations, The Editors

Vaccine Technology II

No abstract provided.

Bolden V. Magee Womens Hosp

2008 Decisions

USDC for the Western District of Pennsylvania

Volume 45, Number 41: June 04, 2008, University Of North Dakota

University Letter Archive

No abstract provided.

A Spatial Analysis Of Colorectal Cancer In Miami-Dade County, Monique Hernandez

Open Access Dissertations

This dissertation explores the spatial patterns and place-based characteristics of colorectal cancer (CRC) late stage incidence and CRC-specific mortality in Miami-Dade County. Because CRC is the second leading cause of death among all cancers and is almost 90 percent preventable through medical screenings, investigations of CRC disparities across groups and communities are extremely relevant in the fight against cancer. This paper analyzes the geographic distribution of CRC cases in Miami-Dade County between two periods, 1988-1992 and 1998-2002 to: a) identify significant "hot spots" or clusters of disease; b) investigate associations of CRC patterns with neighborhood level characteristics such as socio-economic …

Manchester's Primary Care Safety Net "Intact But Endangered": A Call To Action, Manchester Sustainable Access Project, A Strategic Planning Initiative Of The Healthy Manchester Leadership Council, Dorothy A. Bazos, Ph.D., Community Development Director, Community Health Institute, Bow, N.H. 03304; Anna Thomas, Mph, Deputy Director, City Of Manchester Department Of Health, Manchester, N.H. 03101

Manchester Research Group

Report examining the Manchester, N.H. primary health care delivery system and economic barriers faced by the population served.

The Beginning Of The End For Chimpanzee Experiments?, Andrew Knight

Experimentation Collection

The advanced sensory, psychological and social abilities of chimpanzees confer upon them a profound ability to suffer when born into unnatural captive environments, or captured from the wild – as many older research chimpanzees once were – and when subsequently subjected to confinement, social disruption, and involuntary participation in potentially harmful biomedical research. Justifications for such research depend primarily on the important contributions advocates claim it has made toward medical advancements. However, a recent large-scale systematic review indicates that invasive chimpanzee experiments rarely provide benefits in excess of their profound animal welfare, bioethical and financial costs. The approval of large …

Contract And Grant Awards Fiscal Year 2008, Office Of The Vice President For Research

Office of the Vice President for Research

I invite you to read this report Contract & Grant Awards, fiscal year 2008, which lists contract and grant UC&GV awards received by the University of New Mexico (UNM) during the period from July 1, 2007 - June 30, 2008 (FY08). These awards represent new funds that were acquired during FY08 by the main campus, branch campuses, education centers, and the Health Sciences Center (HSC). The HSC includes the School of Medicine, the College of Nursing, and the College of Pharmacy. The awards received for FY08 total $303.4M, of which $169.3M is attributed to the main campus and $134.1M to …

Unh Law Alumni Magazine, Summer 2008, University Of New Hampshire School Of Law

UNH Law Alumni Magazine

No abstract provided.

Idcr: Infectious Diseases In Corrections Report, Vol. 9 No. 23, Infectious Diseases In Corrections

Infectious Diseases in Corrections Report (IDCR)

No abstract provided.