Digital Commons Network^™

Distinct Functions Of Autoreactive Memory And Effector Cd4+ T Cells In Experimental Autoimmune Encephalomyelitis, Wassim Elyaman, Pia Kivisäkk, Jay Reddy, Tanuja Chitnis, Khadir Raddassi, Jaime Imitola, Elizabeth Bradshaw, Vijay K. Kuchroo, Hideo Yagita, Mohamed H. Sayegh, Samia J. Khoury

Jay Reddy Publications

The persistence of human autoimmune diseases is thought to be mediated predominantly by memory T cells. We investigated the phenotype and migration of memory versus effector T cells in vivo in experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE). We found that memory CD4⁺ T cells up-regulated the activation marker CD44 as well as CXCR3 and ICOS, proliferated more and produced more interferon-γ and less interleukin-17 compared to effector T cells. Moreover, adoptive transfer of memory T cells into T cell receptor (TCR)αβ^-/- recipients induced more severe disease than did effector CD4⁺ T cells with marked central nervous system inflammation and …

Office Of Research -- Annual Report 2007-2008

Office of Research and Economic Development: Publications

Table of Contents
ANNUAL REPORT 2007–2008 1
A Time to Think Boldly 1
Lake Mud Holds Climate Secrets 2
Of Grass and Sand – Lessons in Resilience 4
Web Tools Aid Drought Decisions 6
Partnering on Climate Research 7
New Home Furthers Virology Collaboration 8
Innovation Campus in the Works 10
Projects Aim to Ease Research Space Shortage 11
Quilt Center Expanding Its Reach in New Building 12
Genetics Project Melds Biology, Nanotechnology 14
Strengthening Plant Science Research 15
Tiny Tools, Big Potential 16
Omaha and Ponca Dictionary Going Digital 18
Historian Influencing Digital Research 19
Building Longer-Lasting Bridges 20 …

Summer 2008, Nsu Oceanographic Center

Currents

No abstract provided.

Disclosing Gay-Related Stress: Psychological And Physical Health Effects And Mechanisms Underlying Improvement, John Edward Pachankis

Stony Brook Theses and Dissertations Collection, 2006-2020 (closed to submissions)

[to be added]

Construction And Characterization Of Codon-Pair Bias Customized Poliovirus, John Robert Coleman

Stony Brook Theses and Dissertations Collection, 2006-2020 (closed to submissions)

[to be added]

Characterization Of Rv3545c From Mycobacterium Tuberculosis And Labeling Wild-Type Cholesterol Oxidase With 2h, 13c, And 15n For Structural Characterization, Yoo-Jin Ghang

Stony Brook Theses and Dissertations Collection, 2006-2020 (closed to submissions)

[to be added]

Slow Onset Inhibition Of Kasa By Thiolactomycin: Mechanistic Insights And Lead Optimization For Anti-Bacterial Drug Discovery, Carl A. Machutta

Stony Brook Theses and Dissertations Collection, 2006-2020 (closed to submissions)

[to be added]

Substrate Recognition By Bacterial Enoyl Reductases From Escherichia Coli And Mycobacterium Tuberculosis, Xujie Zhang

Stony Brook Theses and Dissertations Collection, 2006-2020 (closed to submissions)

[to be added]

Usf Women's Club Yearbook, 2008–2009, Usf Women's Club

USF Women’s Club Collection

Yearbook of the USF Women's Club. Inside is a list of past presidents, officers, committee chairmen, and members for 2008–2009. The booklet also includes a tribute to Grace Allen, interest groups, calendar of events, and a copy of the constitution and by-laws from the handbook.

Happiness And Punishment, John Bronsteen, Christopher Buccafusco, Jonathan Masur

Coase-Sandor Institute for Law & Economics Research Paper Series

No abstract provided.

Regulation Of The Bioavailability Of Thioredoxin In The Lens By A Specific Thioredoxin-Binding Protein (Tbp-2), Namal P.M. Liyanage, M. Rohan Fernando, Marjorie F. Lou

School of Veterinary and Biomedical Sciences: Faculty Publications

Thioredoxin (TRx) is known to control redox homeostasis in cells. In recent years, a specific TRx binding protein called thioredoxin binding protein-2 (TBP-2) was found in other cell types and it appeared to negatively regulate TRx bioavailability and thereby control TRx biological function. In view of the sensitivity of lens transparency to redox status, proper regulation of TRx bioavailability is of the utmost importance. This study was conducted to examine the presence and function of TBP-2 in human lens epithelial cells (HLE B3). We cloned human lens TBP-2 from a human cDNA library (GenBank accession number AY 594328) and showed …

Digest Of The Philadelphia College Of Osteopathic Medicine (Fall 2008), Philadelphia College Of Osteopathic Medicine

Digest

The Fall 2008 issue of the Digest of the Philadelphia College of Osteopathic Medicine includes the following articles:

• Opening Remarks
• PCOM Updates and Kudos
• Development News
• Global Warming’s Health Crisis
• Weather Disasters
• Emerging Infectious Diseases
• What Can Be Done?
• Water-Borne Diseases
• Heat Related Illnesses
• Heat Intensifies Air Pollution
• What Can Health Professionals Do?
• Extreme Climate Events and Mental Health Disorders
• Common Goals
• Medical Marriages
• Starting Out
• Practicing Together
• Military Match
• A Family Tradition
• Research: Fruit of the Vine May Combat Prostrate Cancer
• Class Notes
• In Memoriam
• My Turn Essay
• PCOM Events

Biological Signatures Of Vaccine Responses, Lorena Nunez

Honors Scholar Theses

The set of host- and pathogen-specific molecular features of a disease comprise its “signature”. We hypothesize that biological signatures enables distinctions between vaccinated vs. infected individuals. In our research, using porcine samples, protocols were developed that could also be used to identify biological signatures of human disease. Different classes of molecular features will be tested during this project, including indicators of basic immune capacity, which are being studied at this instance.

These indicators of basic immune response such as porcine cytokines and antibodies were validated using Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). This is an established method that detects antigens by their …

Predictive Model Of Blood Transfusion During Cabg Surgery In Pakistan, Sana Shoukat, Saqib A Gowani, Farhad Khimani, Faraz A Khan, Mohammad Zaman, Hasanat Sharif

Section of Cardiothoracic Surgery

OBJECTIVE: To determine predictors of need for transfusion of blood and blood products and create a clinical predictive model to reduce indiscriminate use of blood products during surgery.

METHOD: We conducted a retrospective chart review of 485 patients who underwent coronary artery bypass surgery from January 2004 to December 2004 at a Tertiary Care Hospital in Karachi, Pakistan. Independent predictors associated with transfusion were identified and a clinical prediction model developed.

RESULTS: The transfusion rate was 37.1%. A predictive model was created based on the presence of pulmonary disease, diabetes mellitus, low ejection fraction and recent/ongoing myocardial infarction.

CONCLUSION: The …

The Theory And Practice Of Drug Courts: Wolves In Sheep Clothing?, Kristen E. Devall

Dissertations

This dissertation is a case study of an adult drug court in a medium-size Midwestern city. The primary impetus behind the creation of the drug court model was the partial recognition that the "get tough" approach to crime and the "war on drugs" was ineffective in "solving the United States' drug problem. Drug courts represent an integration of a public-health approach and a public-safety strategy of fighting crime and administering "justice." The bulk of the extant research regarding drug courts addresses one central question: "Do drug courts work?" Researchers and evaluators alike have attempted to answer this question over the …

Problematic Application Of Florida Administrative Law To Police Power Public Health Actions, Richard P. Mcnelis

Louisiana Law Review

No abstract provided.

Happiness And Punishment, John Bronsteen, Christopher Buccafusco, Jonathan Masur

Public Law and Legal Theory Working Papers

No abstract provided.

The Association Of Maternal Intention To Breastfeed, Early Skin-To-Skin Mother/Infant Contact, And Exclusive Breastfeeding During The Maternity Hospital Stay, Leslie Mary Bramson

Loma Linda University Electronic Theses, Dissertations & Projects

Breastfeeding is the optimal method to nourish and nurture an infant. Exclusive breastfeeding rates in the United States have reached the goal of Healthy People 2010 that 75% of mother's breastfeed in the immediate postpartum period. Yet, less than 35% of San Bernardino county mothers and 47.7% of Riverside county mothers are exclusively breastfeeding during their maternity hospital stays, with as many as 50% of the infants being weaned from the breast in the first 14 days of life.

This prospective study examined archived data collected by Perinatal Services Network (PSN) of Loma Linda University Medical Center/Children's Hospital for the …

Conditions On Entry Of Foreign-Flag Vessels Into Us Ports To Promote Maritime Security, William D. Baumgartner, John T. Oliver

International Law Studies

No abstract provided.

Trend In The Presentation Of Cervical Cancer In Nigeria, Ajenifuja K. Olusegun, Uche Onwudiegwu, Solomon Ogunniyi, Olabisi Loto, Adepiti A. Clement, Onile O. Godwin

Saudi Medical Journal

No abstract provided.

Prophylactic Effects Of Echinacea Purpurea Polysaccharide Against Lethal Ocular Herpes Simplex Virus Type I, Amir Ghaemi, Hoorieh Soleimanjahi, Pooria Gill, Ehsan Arefian, Sara Soudi, Zuhair M. Hassan

Saudi Medical Journal

No abstract provided.

Diagnostic Value Of Anti-Cyclic Citrullinated Peptide Antibodies In Rheumatoid Arthritis, Mani Mofidi, Afshin Moghadam

Saudi Medical Journal

No abstract provided.

Pasteurellosis Transmission Risks Between Domestic And Wild Sheep, Michael W. Miller, Donald P. Knowles, Marie S. Bulgin, Billy R. Clay, Walter E. Cook, Subramaniam Srikumaran, A. David Scarfe, Dale Layfield

United States Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service / University of Nebraska-Lincoln: Faculty Publications

Disease has contributed significantly to the decline of bighorn sheep (Ovis Canadensis) populations throughout much of western North America, decreasing many native herds to less than 10% of their historical size and imperiling some populations and subspecies (Valdez and Krausman 1999). According to historical accounts (e.g., Grinnell 1928; Honess and Frost 1942; Shillinger 1937; Warren 1910), epidemics in some locations coincided with the advent of domestic livestock grazing in bighorn ranges, suggesting that novel pathogens may have been introduced into some bighorn populations beginning in the 1800s.
Native North American wild sheep species—bighorn sheep and thinhorn (Dall’s and …

The Systematic Position Of Lauroiinae Skrjabin And Schikhobalova, 1951 (Nemata: Heterakoidea: Aspidoderidae), As Revealed By The Analysis Of Traits Used In Its Diagnosis, F. Agustin Jimenez-Ruiz, Scott Lyell Gardner, Dely Noronha, Roberto Magalhães Pinto

Harold W. Manter Laboratory of Parasitology: Faculty Publications

During our work on biodiversity of parasites of mammals of the Neotropics we collected numerous nematodes assignable to species of the family Aspidoderidae (Nemata: Heterakoidea). These nematodes occur as parasites of the cecum and large intestine of marsupials, rodents and xenarthrans (armadillos) only in the New World. As aspidoderid nematodes have been little studied beyond their alpha taxonomy, it is the purpose of the present paper to apply phylogenetic systematic methods to more completely understand the evolutionary relationships of the included species. Members of the aspidoderid subfamily Lauroiinae have had very little work applied to their systematic relationships and no …

Species Of Coccidia (Apicomplexa: Eimeriidae) In Shrews From Alaska, U.S.A., And Northeastern Siberia, Russia, With Description Of Two New Species, A. J. Lynch, Donald W. Duszynski

Harold W. Manter Laboratory of Parasitology: Faculty Publications

Fecal samples (n = 636) from 10 species of shrews collected in Alaska (n = 540) and northeastern Siberia (n = 96) were examined for the presence of coccidia (Apicomplexa: Eimeriidae). Five distinct oocyst morphotypes were observed. Three types were consistent with oocysts of previously recognized coccidia species from other shrew hosts. These were Eimeria inyoni, E. vagrantis, and Isospora brevicauda, originally described from the inyo shrew (Sorex tenellus), dusky shrew (S. monticolus), and northern short-tailed shrew (Blarina brevicauda), respectively. We found 5 new host records for E. …

Differential Selective Pressures Acting On The Influenza A Genome: A Comparative Study, Melissa Wilbert

Theses

The molecular evolution of the Influenza A virus is a complex process. While it is recognized that recombination events are a driving force behind the everchanging virulence of influenza, evidence has also been presented in support of Darwinian evolution. Often, codon positions considered in analyses of selective pressures are found in epitopes and sites where mutations confer resistance to antiviral medications. Here, an attempt is made to distinguish between divergent selective pressures acting on geographically distinct datasets. The goal of this study was to use this information to identify sites within the hemagglutinin, neuraminidase, and matrix proteins of influenza A …

Influence Of Host Interleukin-10 Polymorphisms On Development Of Traveler's Diarrhea Due To Heat-Labile Enterotoxin-Producing Escherichia Coli In Travelers From The United States Who Are Visiting Mexico, Jose Flores, Herbert L Dupont, Stephanie A Lee, Jaime Belkind-Gerson, Mercedes Paredes, Jamal A Mohamed, Lisa Y Armitige, Dong-Chuan Guo, Pablo C Okhuysen

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Up to 60% of U.S. visitors to Mexico develop traveler's diarrhea (TD), mostly due to enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli (ETEC) strains that produce heat-labile (LT) and/or heat-stable (ST) enterotoxins. Distinct single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) within the interleukin-10 (IL-10) promoter have been associated with high, intermediate, or low production of IL-10. We conducted a prospective study to investigate the association of SNPs in the IL-10 promoter and the occurrence of TD in ETEC LT-exposed travelers. Sera from U.S. travelers to Mexico collected on arrival and departure were studied for ETEC LT seroconversion by using cholera toxin as the antigen. Pyrosequencing was performed to …

Neutralization Of Botulinum Neurotoxin By A Human Monoclonal Antibody Specific For The Catalytic Light Chain., Sharad P Adekar, Tsuyoshi Takahashi, R Mark Jones, Fetweh H Al-Saleem, Denise M Ancharski, Michael J Root, B P Kapadnis, Lance L Simpson, Scott K Dessain

Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Faculty Papers

BACKGROUND: Botulinum neurotoxins (BoNT) are a family of category A select bioterror agents and the most potent biological toxins known. Cloned antibody therapeutics hold considerable promise as BoNT therapeutics, but the therapeutic utility of antibodies that bind the BoNT light chain domain (LC), a metalloprotease that functions in the cytosol of cholinergic neurons, has not been thoroughly explored.

METHODS AND FINDINGS: We used an optimized hybridoma method to clone a fully human antibody specific for the LC of serotype A BoNT (BoNT/A). The 4LCA antibody demonstrated potent in vivo neutralization when administered alone and collaborated with an antibody specific for …

Physicians, Climate Change And Human Health, Lamk Al-Lamki

Sultan Qaboos University Medical Journal

No abstract provided.

Changes In Childhood Malnutrition And Mortality After Institution Of A Community Health Worker Program In Four Rural Guatemalan Villages, Sarah Leonard, Steven Hartman, Angelo Tomedi

Undergraduate Medical Student Research

While community health workers (CHWs) are being implemented in several developing countries, there has been little work done to evaluate their effectiveness in reducing childhood malnutrition among participating communities. Our study evaluates the effectiveness of CHWs in three Guatemalan villages by comparing anthropomorphic measures and mortality rates of children under five before and after the implementation of a CHW program. While one community showed no significant change in malnutrition rates in terms of height-for-age calculations, two other communities showed improved malnutrition rates in terms of height-for-age. Weight-for-age comparisons were not statistically significant, and while childhood mortality remained unchanged in one …