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2007

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Antibacterial Activity Of Apis Mellifera L. Propolis Collected In Three Regions Of Kenya, Elliud M. Muli, J. M. Maingi Jan 2007

Antibacterial Activity Of Apis Mellifera L. Propolis Collected In Three Regions Of Kenya, Elliud M. Muli, J. M. Maingi

All Peer-Reviewed Publications

The present study aimed at investigating the susceptibility of the microorganisms Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Salmonella typhi, Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, and Bacillus subtilis to ethanolic extracts of propolis (EEP) from three regions of Kenya (Taita, Tana and Samburu). Propolis was extracted using four different concentrations of ethanol: pure, 70%, 50%, and 30%. Ethanol (70%) and Streptomycin were used as controls. The agar diffusion method using filter paper disks was employed. Antibacterial activity was determined as an equivalent of the inhibition zones diameters (in millimeters) after incubation at 37°C for 24h. Significant differences in the antibacterial activities of propolis were observed among …

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The Use Of Context-Free Grammars In Isolated Word Recognition, Chaiyaporn Chirathamjaree Jan 2007

The Use Of Context-Free Grammars In Isolated Word Recognition, Chaiyaporn Chirathamjaree

Research outputs pre 2011

A method using nonrecursive context-free grammars is presented for the recognition of isolated words. Some form of 'training' is required to combat problems of variations in speech. In the training mode, one grammar for each word in the vocabulary is constructed directly from a set of sample strings of 'features' represented by symbols. In the recognition mode, an incoming string is analyzed to determine which grammar, if any, could have generated it. The word corresponding to such grammar is then said to have been recognized.

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Using A Cultural Lens To Interpret The Success And Failure Of Regional Internet Community Portals In Promoting E-Commerce Adoption By Smes, Denise Gengatharen, Craig Standing Jan 2007

Using A Cultural Lens To Interpret The Success And Failure Of Regional Internet Community Portals In Promoting E-Commerce Adoption By Smes, Denise Gengatharen, Craig Standing

Research outputs pre 2011

In Western Australia (WA), efforts to increase SME e-commerce adoption have been integrated with some governmentlunded collaboratively-owned regional Internet community portals. This paper examines three such cases, two in regional WA and one in the metropolitan area, to determine the impact of cultural factors on the success of these portals. Results indicate that the collectivist culture of the communities in the two regional areas played an important role in initially sustaining the portals. Subsequently, legitimacy and mimetic pressure also contributed to SME involvement in these portals resulting in an overall increase in awareness by this sector of the benefits and …

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Use Of The Wfg Toolkit And Pisa For Comparison Of Moeas, Lucas Bradstreet, Luigi Barone, Lyndon While, Simon Huband, Philip Hingston Jan 2007

Use Of The Wfg Toolkit And Pisa For Comparison Of Moeas, Lucas Bradstreet, Luigi Barone, Lyndon While, Simon Huband, Philip Hingston

Research outputs pre 2011

Understanding the behaviour of different optimisation algorithms is important in order to apply the best algorithm to a particular problem. The WFG toolkit was designed to aid this task for multi-objective evolutionary algorithms (MOEAs), offering an easily modifiable framework that allows practitioners the ability to test different features by "plugging" in different forms of transformations. In doing so, the WFG toolkit provides a set of problems that exhibit a variety of different characteristics. This paper presents a comparison between two state of the art MOEAs (NSGA-II and SPEA2) that exemplifies the unique capabilities of the WFG toolkit. By altering the …

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Hiv/Aids And Development In The Pacific, Trevor Cullen Jan 2007

Hiv/Aids And Development In The Pacific, Trevor Cullen

Research outputs pre 2011

No abstract provided.

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It Sharps: Issues Relating To Securely Disposing Of Hard Disks From Medical Information Systems, Craig Valli Jan 2007

It Sharps: Issues Relating To Securely Disposing Of Hard Disks From Medical Information Systems, Craig Valli

Research outputs pre 2011

Organisations worldwide are failing to adequately erase data from hard disks before disposing of them. Recent studies have uncovered significant and highly confidential data from computer hard disks for sale in the second hand market using minimal foresic recovery techniques. Increasingly medical businesses are being required to use IT based systems to deliver or receive services. Also medical records are becoming electronic in nature and have significant secondary storage requirements. Given the increased use of IT in medical practice this paper examines the issues uncovered in the studies into recovery of remnant data from hard disks. The paper also explores …

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Triangulation Based Static Wide Angle Laser Scanning For Obstacle Detection, Kaveh Sahba, Kamal Alameh, Clifton Smith Jan 2007

Triangulation Based Static Wide Angle Laser Scanning For Obstacle Detection, Kaveh Sahba, Kamal Alameh, Clifton Smith

Research outputs pre 2011

This paper demonstrates discrete laser spot projection over a wide angle using a novel cylindrical quasi-cavity waveguide, with no moving parts. Furthermore, the distance to each spot is calculated using active laser triangulation. The triangulation arrangement and the trajectory of principal rays are modelled using a system of linear equations based on optical geometry. Linear algebra is used to derive the unique baseline and outgoing angle of every projected beam. The system is calibrated by finding optimal values for uncertain instrumental parameters using constrained non-linear optimization. Distances calculated indoors result in accuracies of over 93%

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Primary Connections: Reforming Science Teaching In Australian Primary Schools, Mark Hackling, Shelley Peers, Vaughan Prain Jan 2007

Primary Connections: Reforming Science Teaching In Australian Primary Schools, Mark Hackling, Shelley Peers, Vaughan Prain

Research outputs pre 2011

Concerns about the status and quality of science teaching in Australian primary schools led the Australian Academy of Science to develop Primary Connections over 2004-8 with funding from DEST and the support of states and territories. Primary Connections is a teacher professional learning program supported with curriculum resources that aims to enhance learning outcomes in science and the literacies of science by supporting both inservice and preservice primary teachers to teach science effectively. Primary Connections is a systematic, widespread and innovative reform that complements programs within states and territories. The program is based on an innovative teaching and learning approach …

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Explaining The Lack Of Strategic Planning In Smes: The Importance Of Owner Motivation, Calvin Wang, Elizabeth Walker, Janice Redmond Jan 2007

Explaining The Lack Of Strategic Planning In Smes: The Importance Of Owner Motivation, Calvin Wang, Elizabeth Walker, Janice Redmond

Research outputs pre 2011

Considerable evidence shows that strategic planning leads to increased firm performance. Yet, the majority of SMEs do not plan and the reasons why are not well understood. This article questions the common approach to understanding this problem based on identifying business barriers to planning. For the majority of SME owner operators, business performance often ranks far behind intangible goals such as autonomy, personal satisfaction and lifestyle. Strategic planning may therefore have little value to owner-operators driven by such motivators. This article presents an alternative perspective to the issue by arguing that owner aspirations are integral to whether or not SMEs …

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Experimental Demonstration Of A Tunable Laser Using An Soa And An Opto-Vlsi Processor, Muhsen Aljada, Rong Zheng, Kamal Alameh, Yong Lee Jan 2007

Experimental Demonstration Of A Tunable Laser Using An Soa And An Opto-Vlsi Processor, Muhsen Aljada, Rong Zheng, Kamal Alameh, Yong Lee

Research outputs pre 2011

In this paper we propose and experimentally demonstrate a tunable laser structure cascading a semiconductor optical amplifier (SOA) that generates broadband amplified spontaneous emission and a reflective Opto-VLSI processor that dynamically reflects arbitrarily wavelengths and injects them back into the SOA, thus synthesizing an output signal of variable wavelength. The wavelength tunablility is performed using digital phase holograms uploaded on the Opto-VLSI processor. Experimental results demonstrate a tuning range from 1524nm to 1534nm, and show that the proposed tunable laser structure has a stable performance.

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Design And Characterization Of Cmos/Soi Image Sensors, Igor Brouk, Kamal Alameh, Yael Nemirovsky Jan 2007

Design And Characterization Of Cmos/Soi Image Sensors, Igor Brouk, Kamal Alameh, Yael Nemirovsky

Research outputs pre 2011

The design, operation, and characterization of CMOS imagers implemented using: 1) "regular" CMOS wafers with a 0.5-mum CMOS analog process; 2) "regular" CMOS wafers with a 0.35-mum CMOS analog process; and 3) silicon-on-insulator (SOI) wafers in conjunction with a 0.35-mum CMOS analog process, are discussed in this paper. The performances of the studied imagers are compared in terms of quantum efficiency, dark current, and optical bandwidth. It is found that there is strong dependence of quantum efficiency of the photodiodes on the architecture of the image sensor. The results of this paper are useful for designing and modeling CMOS/SOI image …

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Experimental Demonstration Of A Dynamic 10gbit/S Wdm Header/Label Recognition Structure, Muhsen Aljada, Kamal Alameh, Byeong Ha Lee, Yong Tak Lee, Kiegon Im, Se-Jong Baik Jan 2007

Experimental Demonstration Of A Dynamic 10gbit/S Wdm Header/Label Recognition Structure, Muhsen Aljada, Kamal Alameh, Byeong Ha Lee, Yong Tak Lee, Kiegon Im, Se-Jong Baik

Research outputs pre 2011

In this paper, we experimentally demonstrate a dynamic wavelength-division-multiplexing (WDM) header/label recognition structure that processes on-the-fly WDM patterns. An opto-VLSI processor is used to dynamically generate digital phase holograms that control the wavelength components of the label/header to create digital wavelength profiles. An autocorrelation function of a high-peak is generated when a label bit pattern matches a digital wavelength profile. The main attractive feature of using an opto-VLSI processor is that the lookup table of matching digital wavelength profiles does not need modification when the data bit-rate is upgraded. The dynamic pattern recognition structure is experimentally demonstrated at 10 Gbit/s …

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Passive And Active Optical Bit-Pattern Recognition Structures For Multiwavelength Optical Packet Switching Networks, Muhsen Aljada, Kamal Alameh Jan 2007

Passive And Active Optical Bit-Pattern Recognition Structures For Multiwavelength Optical Packet Switching Networks, Muhsen Aljada, Kamal Alameh

Research outputs pre 2011

Next generation High-Speed optical packet switching networks require components capable of recognising the optical header to enable on-the-fly accurate switching of incoming data packets to their destinations. This paper experimentally demonstrates a comparison between two different optical header recognition structures; A passive structure based on the use of Fiber Bragg Gratings (FBGs), whereas the active structure employs Opto-VLSI processors that synthesise dynamic wavelength profile through digital phase holograms. The structures are experimentally demonstrated at 10Gbps. Performance comparison between the two structures is also discussed. These optical header recognition structures are attractive for multiwavelength optical network and applications.

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Pervasive 2d Barcodes For Camera Phone Applications, Hiroko Kato, Keng T. Tan Jan 2007

Pervasive 2d Barcodes For Camera Phone Applications, Hiroko Kato, Keng T. Tan

Research outputs pre 2011

In a previous study, we evaluated six 2D barcodes using eight criteria for standardization potential: omnidirectional symbol reading, support for low-resolution cameras, reading robustness under different lighting conditions, barcode reading distance, error correction capability, security, support for multiple character sets, and data capacity. We also considered the fidelity of the camera phone's captured image as a metric for gauging reading reliability. Here, we review the six 2D barcodes and then use an additional metric - a first-read rate - to quantitatively verify our earlier results and better gauge reading reliability.

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Information Governance: A Model For Security In Medical Practice, Patricia Williams Jan 2007

Information Governance: A Model For Security In Medical Practice, Patricia Williams

Research outputs pre 2011

Information governance is becoming an important aspect of organisational accountability. In consideration that information is an integral asset of most organisations, the protection of this asset will increasingly rely on organisational capabilities in security. In the medical arena this information is primarily sensitive patient-based information'. Previous research has shown that application of security measures is a low priority for primary care medical practice and that awareness of the risks are seriously underestimated. Consequently, information security governance will be a key issue for medical practice in the future. Information security governance is a relatively new term ,and there is little existing …

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Wavelength-Encoded Ocdma System Using Opto-Vlsi Processors, Muhsen Aljada, Kamal Alameh Jan 2007

Wavelength-Encoded Ocdma System Using Opto-Vlsi Processors, Muhsen Aljada, Kamal Alameh

Research outputs pre 2011

We propose and experimentally demonstrate a 2.5 Gbits/sper user wavelength-encoded optical code-division multiple-access encoder-decoder structure based on opto-VLSI processing. Each encoder and decoder is constructed using a single 1D opto-very-large-scale-integrated (VLSI) processor in conjunction with a fiber Bragg grating (FBG) array of different Bragg wavelengths. The FBG array spectrally and temporally slices the broadband input pulse into several components and the opto-VLSI processor generates codewords using digital phase holograms. System performance is measured in terms of the autocorrelation and cross-correlation functions as well as the eye diagram.

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State Model Diagrams As A Pedagogical Tool - An International Evaluation, Stanislaw Maj, David Veal Jan 2007

State Model Diagrams As A Pedagogical Tool - An International Evaluation, Stanislaw Maj, David Veal

Research outputs pre 2011

State model diagrams (SMDs) have been successfully used as the pedagogical foundation of network technology curriculum. SMDs selectively integrate relevant output from network devices by means of tables. SMDs are modular and hierarchical, thereby providing top-down decomposition by means of levelling, allowing a complex network to be partitioned or structured into independent units of an amenable size so that the entire system can be more easily understood. An overview of the entire network or increasing levels of detail may be obtained while maintaining links and interfaces between the different levels. Furthermore, SMDs allow technical detail to be introduced in an …

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A Monetary Union In East Asia: What Does The Common Cycles Approach Tell?, K Sato, David E. Allen, Zhaoyong Zhang Jan 2007

A Monetary Union In East Asia: What Does The Common Cycles Approach Tell?, K Sato, David E. Allen, Zhaoyong Zhang

Research outputs pre 2011

There is controversy about whether a monetary union is feasible in the East Asian region. Amongst the criteria for establishing a monetary union, most of the existing studies focus on the symmetric issue of fundamental shocks and the extent of correlations by applying the Blanchard and Quah (1989) structural vector autoregression (VAR) technique, which includes the firstdifferenced variables in the model and examines only bilateral relationships. When forming a monetary union, the member countries need to renounce their monetary policy autonomy. If shocks to respective economies are symmetric, the cost of relinquishing the discretionary monetary policy is likely to be …

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Always The Optimist?, Eric Kordt, Craig Standing Jan 2007

Always The Optimist?, Eric Kordt, Craig Standing

Research outputs pre 2011

The purpose of this research is to determine the attributional style (optimistic or pessimistic) of Information Technology support workers and executive managers using attribution theory, This research suggests that support workers are likely to exhibit an optimistic attributional style whilst executive managers are likely to exhibit a pessimistic attributional style, The differences in attributional style reflected in aspects such as the strength to participate (support workers) or avoid (executive managers) projects destined for failure, The research suggests that managers can positively influence the causal dimensions of attributional style by increasing support worker involvement, supporting executive managers, empowering employees and supporting …

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Delivering The Business Value Of Information Technology: Evaluation Practices Of Construction Sme's, P Love, Craig Standing Jan 2007

Delivering The Business Value Of Information Technology: Evaluation Practices Of Construction Sme's, P Love, Craig Standing

Research outputs pre 2011

With cal/sfrom the govemmentfor the construction industry to improve its peiformance and openly embrace information technology (IT), this research sought to examine the practices that organisations use to evaluate and justify their investments in IT. It was considered that this would enable those areas for improving the evaluation process to be identified and the business value of IT was maximised. A questionnaire survey was used to obtain information about the evaluation practices of 126 construction organisations. The analysis of their responses identified three key findings. First, different organisation types significantly differ in the amount they investment in IT and firm …

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Retrospective Analysis Of Epiphyte Assemblages In Relation To Seagrass Loss In A Eutrophic Coastal Embayment, Ml Cambridge, Jr How, Paul Lavery, Ma Vanderklift Jan 2007

Retrospective Analysis Of Epiphyte Assemblages In Relation To Seagrass Loss In A Eutrophic Coastal Embayment, Ml Cambridge, Jr How, Paul Lavery, Ma Vanderklift

Research outputs pre 2011

This is a retrospective study of shifts in species composition of epiphytic macroalgae that occurred during a period of seagrass loss in Cockburn Sound, Western Australia. Detailed analysis of data on relative abundances of 108 epiphytic taxa collected over 2 yr from 27 widely dispersed sites around Cockburn Sound showed differences in epiphyte composition between sites with loss of seagrasses (Loss sites) and those with no loss in the the long-term (No Loss sites). Future seagrass losses, however, were not predicted by shifts in species composition. Most species were rare and varied with season of sampling. Hence, varying assemblages of …

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Effect Of Leaf Movement On Epiphytic Algal Biomass Of Seagrass Leaves, Paul Lavery, Tara Reid, Glenn Hyndes, Beverley Van Elven Jan 2007

Effect Of Leaf Movement On Epiphytic Algal Biomass Of Seagrass Leaves, Paul Lavery, Tara Reid, Glenn Hyndes, Beverley Van Elven

Research outputs pre 2011

We tested the hypothesis that the movement of seagrass leaves affects the accumulation and composition of algal epiphytes by comparing the standing crop and composition on tethered (T) and untethered (UT) artificial seagrass units (ASUs) over 4 and 8 wk. We also tested whether any effect of leaf movement on standing crop was dependent on the degree of water movement by repeating the experiment over 8 wk at sheltered and exposed sites. To eliminate the possibility of inter-regional differences between exposed and sheltered sites and to test for interactive effects of light availability and leaf movement on epiphyte biomass, we …

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The Performance Of Seasoned Equity Issues In A Risk-Adjusted Environment, David E. Allen, V Soucik Jan 2007

The Performance Of Seasoned Equity Issues In A Risk-Adjusted Environment, David E. Allen, V Soucik

Research outputs pre 2011

We show that firms issuing seasoned equity possess unique risk characteristics as captured by beta. We use a benchmark to control for this risk and then measure the extent of risk-adjusted underperformance using a longer time-frame than the five-year period used in most studies. We examine the impact of various factors on post-issue performance as well as initial issue underpricing. Why do companies making seasoned equity offerings (SEOs) significantly under perform in the post-issue period? Loughran and Ritter (1997) suggested transitory over-pricing prior to issue, or agency and information costs, Healy and Palepu (1990) and Masulis and Korwar (1986). Rangan …

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Thoughts On Var And Cvar, David E. Allen, Robert J. Powell Jan 2007

Thoughts On Var And Cvar, David E. Allen, Robert J. Powell

Research outputs pre 2011

Value at Risk (VaR) is an important issue for banks since its adoption as a primary risk metric in the Basel Accords and the requirement that it is calculated on a daily basis. VaR calculates maximum expected losses over a given time period at a given tolerance level. Conditional Value at Risk (CVaR) measures extreme risk. It calculates the risk beyond VaR. Relative industry risk measurement is also very important to Banks in their management of risk, such as for setting risk concentration limits and developing investment and credit policy. This paper examines market Value at Risk (VaR) and Conditional …

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Effects Of Experimental Reduction Of Light Availability On The Seagrass Amphibolis Griffithii, P Mackey, Cj Collier, Paul Lavery Jan 2007

Effects Of Experimental Reduction Of Light Availability On The Seagrass Amphibolis Griffithii, P Mackey, Cj Collier, Paul Lavery

Research outputs pre 2011

The response of the meadow-forming seagrass Amphibolis griffithii (Black) den Hartog to light reduction was examined over a 3 mo period and a subsequent 1 mo recovery period. Morphological and physiological variables were measured in meadows subjected to an average reduction in photosynthetic photon flux density (PPFD) of 88% relative to unshaded controls. Leaf biomass, leaf cluster density and the number of leaves per cluster all declined in shaded plots, and after 3 mo were about 30, 50 and 60% of the controls, respectively. Leaf extension was one-third that of the control plots. Epiphyte biomass in shaded plots was 44% …

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Morphological, Growth And Meadow Characteristics Of The Seagrass Posidonia Sinuosa Along A Depth-Related Gradient Of Light Availability, Cj Collier, Paul Lavery, Rj Masini, Pj Ralph Jan 2007

Morphological, Growth And Meadow Characteristics Of The Seagrass Posidonia Sinuosa Along A Depth-Related Gradient Of Light Availability, Cj Collier, Paul Lavery, Rj Masini, Pj Ralph

Research outputs pre 2011

Morphological and growth characteristics of the meadow-forming seagrass Posidonia sinuosa (Cambridge et Kuo), were measured along a depth-related gradient of light to infer its response to long-term differences in light availability. Morphometric measurements were carried out at 6 depths between 1.6 and 9.0 m in summer and winter at Cockburn Sound and summer only at Warnbro Sound in south-western Australia. The minimum light requirement for P. sinuosa of 8.5% sub-surface light was among the lower range reported for seagrasses. Its slow growth rate (0.5–1.5 mgdry shoot–1 d–1), relative to similarly sized species, may contribute to the low light requirements of …

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Changes In Power Assessed By The Wingate Anaerobic Test Following Downhill Running, Carmel Nottle, Kazunori Nosaka Jan 2007

Changes In Power Assessed By The Wingate Anaerobic Test Following Downhill Running, Carmel Nottle, Kazunori Nosaka

Research outputs pre 2011

No abstract provided.

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A Self-Assessment Tool To Help Learners Develop Teamwork Skills, Mark Mcmahon, Joseph Luca, Christina John Jan 2007

A Self-Assessment Tool To Help Learners Develop Teamwork Skills, Mark Mcmahon, Joseph Luca, Christina John

Research outputs pre 2011

Teamwork skills and the ability to effectively collaborate with peers continue to be hailed as essential skills by employers and higher education funding authorities, and many employers require new graduates to demonstrate these skills as part of the selection criteria. How then can we prepare graduates for this employment market that actively assesses teamwork and other generic skills such as communication, problem solving and leadership skills? This paper outlines the self-assessment component of an on-line learning tool designed to help students develop understandings of themselves and their skill levels. These results are used to help select team roles and provide …

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Design-Based Research And Doctoral Students: Guidelines For Preparing A Dissertation Proposal, J Herrington, S Mckenney, T Reeves, Ron Oliver Jan 2007

Design-Based Research And Doctoral Students: Guidelines For Preparing A Dissertation Proposal, J Herrington, S Mckenney, T Reeves, Ron Oliver

Research outputs pre 2011

At first glance, design-based research may appear to be such a long-term and intensive approach to educational inquiry that doctoral students, most of whom expect to complete their Ph.D. degree in 4-5 years, should not attempt to adopt this approach for their doctoral dissertations. In this paper, we argue that design-based research is feasible for doctoral students, and that candidates should be encouraged to engage in it. More specifically, we describe the components of a dissertation proposal or prospectus that utilizes design-based research methods in the context of educational technology research.

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Optimal Layout Of Multicast Groups Using Network Embedded Multicast Security In Ad Hoc Sensor Networks, Richard R. Brooks, Brijesh Pillai, Michele C. Weigle, Matthew Pirretti Jan 2007

Optimal Layout Of Multicast Groups Using Network Embedded Multicast Security In Ad Hoc Sensor Networks, Richard R. Brooks, Brijesh Pillai, Michele C. Weigle, Matthew Pirretti

Computer Science Faculty Publications

This paper considers the security of sensor network applications. Our approach creates multicast regions that use symmetric key cryptography for communications. Each multicast region contains a single keyserver that is used to perform key management and maintain the integrity of a multicast region. Communications between two multicast regions is performed by nodes that belong to both regions. To ease the network management burden, it is desirable for the networks to self-organize into regions and dynamically select their keyservers. This paper shows how to determine the number of keyservers (k) to use and the size in the number of hops (h) …

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