Digital Commons Network^™

Sub-Bottom Profiling Using Time-Frequency Analysis, William Sanders, Dale Bibee, Edit J. Kaminsky

Electrical Engineering Faculty Publications

No abstract provided.

A Calamity In The Neighborhood: Women's Participation In The Rwandan Genocide, Reva N. Adler, Cyanne E. Loyle, Judith Globerman

Genocide Studies and Prevention: An International Journal

Although public-health-based violence-prevention trials have been successful in a variety of high-risk settings, no study has addressed the prevention of genocide, a form of population-based catastrophic violence. In addition, little is known about women who participate in genocide, including women’s motivations for active participation in hands-on battery, assault, or murder. In order to explain why women assaulted or murdered targeted victims during the 1994 Rwandan Genocide, we interviewed ten Rwandan female genocide perpetrators living in prisons and communities in six Rwandan provinces in 2005. Respondents’ narratives reveal two distinct pictures of life in Rwanda, separated by an abrupt transition: Life …

Inter-Ethnic Marriages, The Survival Of Women, And The Logics Of Genocide In Rwanda, Anuradha Chakravarty

Genocide Studies and Prevention: An International Journal

This article focuses on the gendered dimensions of the genocide in Rwanda. It seeks to explain why Tutsi women married to Hutu men appeared to have better chances of survival than Tutsi women married to Tutsi men or even Hutu women married to Tutsi men. Based on data from a field site in southwest Rwanda, the findings and insights offered here draw on the gendered, racial, and operational dynamics of the genocide as it unfolded between April and July 1994.

The Uk Government And The 1994 Genocide In Rwanda, Linda Melvern

Genocide Studies and Prevention: An International Journal

‘‘I can think of no more irresponsible act of a British government in modern times . . .’’ —Geoffrey Robertson, QC1 The genocide that took place in Rwanda in 1994 will remain, for our generation, the enduring failure to intervene in the face of massive human-rights abuse. The genocide lasted for three months, and during that time an estimated one million people were killed. The killing was organized in advance; it was the direct result of a deliberate government policy and was carried out according to an explicit strategy.

The Order Of Genocide : The Dynamics Of Genocide In Rwanda, Scott Straus

Genocide Studies and Prevention: An International Journal

To begin, I’d like to describe the origins of the research project that ultimately became The Order of Genocide. I first traveled to Rwanda as a journalist in the mid-1990s, and, during my travels there and in what was then Zaire, I became deeply interested in the dynamics that ultimately led to the 1994 genocide. From my perspective as a journalist traveling in the region, the genocide was an absolutely seminal event, but one that was poorly understood. Eventually I returned to the United States and began a PhD program in political science at the University of California, Berkeley, where …

A New Model For Studying Mass Murder: The Order Of Genocide By Scott Straus, Lee Ann Fuji

Genocide Studies and Prevention: An International Journal

Scott Straus’s The Order of Genocide stands as a groundbreaking work. It asks and answers some of the most troubling questions about the genocide—how and why it occurred and how and why so many ordinary men and women participated in it. Straus brings extraordinary assets to this ambitious project, including his background as a journalist working in the region (before obtaining his PhD), scholarly expertise in genocide and African politics, and an acute sensitivity to method and evidence. The result is a book that adds a great deal of knowledge to our understanding of the Rwandan case and of genocide …

Author Biographies

Genocide Studies and Prevention: An International Journal

No abstract provided.

Wireless Power Transmission To A Buried Sensor In Concrete, Khan M.Z. Shams, Mohammod Ali

Faculty Publications

The feasibility of sending wireless power to a buried sensor antenna within concrete was studied. a receive patch rectenna with 75.8% conversion efficiency was designed for operation at 5.7 GHz. The received DC power at the rectenna was measured within dry and wet concrete samples with various cover thicknesses and air-gaps. For the rectenna buried within 30 mm of the concrete, the received DC power was 10.37 mW, which was, about 70% of the received DC power in free-space.

The Colby Echo (2007-11-01), Colby College

The Colby Echo

Published by the students of Colby College since 1877, The Colby Echo is the weekly, editorially independent student-run newspaper of Colby College in Waterville, Maine. Published monthly, 1877-1886; semi-monthly, 1886-1897; and weekly, during the academic year, 1898-present.

Regional Threats And Security Strategy: The Troubling Case Of Today's Middle East, James A. Russell Mr.

Books, Monographs & Collaborative Studies

The United States needs to undertake a strategic regional net assessment that examines the following issues as it seeks to construct a regional security strategy to protect its interests and mitigate wider threats to international security. That net assessment should include reviewing the role of security guarantees in promoting regional stability, an acknowledgement of the contradictory nature of the inter- and intra state threats and tensions, and the negative impact that the U.S. obsession with force protection is having on its ability to effectively implement strategy on the ground.

On The Uses Of Cultural Knowledge, Sheila Miyoshi Jager Dr.

Books, Monographs & Collaborative Studies

The author explores the role that cultural knowledge must play in thinking about a new strategy for counterinsurgency. Although the importance of cultural awareness and understanding of adversary societies has been widely recognized as essential to operations and tactics on the battlefield, its significance has been largely ignored in formulating the broader strategic goals of counterinsurgency. The author highlights the importance of culture, and cultural awareness, in formulating a broad strategy for counterinsurgency which also has wide-ranging implication for U.S. foreign policy.

Africom's Dilemma: The "Global War On Terrorism" "Capacity Building," Humanitarianism, And The Future Of U.S. Security Policy In Africa, Robert G. Berschinski Mr.

Books, Monographs & Collaborative Studies

Africa is a continent of growing economic, social, political, and geostrategic importance. The establishment of a new Combatant Command for Africa–AFRICOM–marks an important milestone in the evolution of relations between the United States and the governments of Africa. Through AFRICOM, the U.S. Department of Defense will consolidate the efforts of three existing command headquarters as it seeks a more stable environment for political and economic growth in Africa. In line with this goal, AFRICOM is pioneering a bold new method of military engagement focused on war prevention, interagency cooperation, and development rather than on traditional war fighting. The author contends …

East Asian Security: Two Views, Gilbert Rozman Dr., Chu Shulong Dr.

Books, Monographs & Collaborative Studies

A new framework for Northeast Asian security must cope with the legacy of six decades of frequent changes in the region’s great power relations. In order to realize the goals of the Joint Agreement in the Six-Party Talks, multilateralism is becoming more important. U.S. leadership faces challenges from: the Sino-U.S. rivalry that is better managed because of cooperation over North Korea; the Russo-U.S. rivalry that has intensified, although there is potential to stabilize it in this region; Sino-Russian partnership, which has drawn closer in response to the nuclear crisis but could be tested by progress that would reveal conflicting national …

Race: A Robust Adaptive Caching Strategy For Buffer Cache, Yifeng Zhu, Hong Jiang

School of Computing: Faculty Publications

While many block replacement algorithms for buffer caches have been proposed to address the well-known drawbacks of the LRU algorithm, they are not robust and cannot maintain an consistent performance improvement over all workloads. This paper proposes a novel and simple replacement scheme, called RACE (Robust Adaptive buffer Cache management schemE), which differentiates the locality of I/O streams by actively detecting access patterns inherently exhibited in two correlated spaces: the discrete block space of program contexts from which I/O requests are issued and the continuous block space within files to which I/O requests are addressed. This scheme combines global I/O …

Sedimentology And Stratigraphic Architecture Of The Late Permian Betts Creek Beds, Queensland, Australia, Jonathan P. Allen, Christopher R. Fielding

Department of Earth and Atmospheric Sciences: Faculty Publications

The Late Permian Betts Creek Beds form a succession of coal-bearing alluvial-coastal plain sediments in a basin marginal setting within the northeastern Galilee Basin, Queensland, Australia. The unit is ~ 50–60 m in thick­ness at Porcupine Creek National Park where outcrop is laterally continuous for several kilometers. Eight fa­cies have been identified within the formation and can be grouped into 2 facies associations: (A) channel depos­its and (B) floodbasin deposits. The channel association consists of conglomerate (A1) and trough cross-bedded multistorey sandstone facies (A2), both interpreted as deposits of low-sinuosity river systems, tidally influenced fluvial channels (A3), interbedded sandstone and …

Forum: Diverse Voices And Alternative Rationalities: Forum Introduction, Kathleen J. Krone

Department of Communication Studies: Faculty Publications

As I thought of what I might say to introduce a Forum calling for diverse voices and alternative rationalities in organizational communication research, I found myself reflecting on my own experience as an organizational communication scholar. For the past 20-some years, I have worked as a faculty member in five very different communication departments in five different colleges, in five different universities in the Southwest and Midwest United States. Based on what feels like a rather broad range of experience (at least here in the United States), it is hard sometimes to understand myself as part of a field with …

Differences In Virulence Among Escherichia Coli O157:H7 Strains Isolated From Humans During Disease Outbreaks And From Healthy Cattle, Diane R. Baker, Rodney A. Moxley, Mike B. Steele, Jeffrey T. Lejeune, Jane Christopher-Hennings, Ding-Geng Chen, Philip R. Hardwidge, David H. Francis

School of Veterinary and Biomedical Sciences: Faculty Publications

Escherichia coli O157:H7 causes life-threatening outbreaks of diarrhea, hemorrhagic colitis, and hemolyticuremic syndrome in humans and significant economic loss in agriculture and could be a potential agent of bioterrorism. Although the prevalence of E. coli O157:H7 in cattle and other species with which humans have frequent contact is high, human infections are relatively uncommon, despite a low infectious dose. A plausible explanation for the low disease incidence is the possibility that not all strains are virulent in humans. If there are substantial differences in virulence among strains in nature, then human disease may select for high virulence. We used a …

Bias Voltage Dependence Of Tunneling Anisotropic Magnetoresistance In Magnetic Tunnel Junctions With Mgo And Al2O3 Tunnel Barriers, Li Gao, Xin Jiang, See-Hun Yang, John D. Burton, Evgeny Y. Tsymbal, Stuart S. P. Parkin

Evgeny Tsymbal Publications

Tunneling anisotropic magnetoresistance (TAMR) is observed in tunnel junctions with transition metal electrodes as the moments are rotated from in-plane to out-of-plane in sufficiently large magnetic fields that the moments are nearly parallel to one another. A complex angular dependence of the tunneling resistance is found with twofold and fourfold components that vary strongly with bias voltage. Distinctly different TAMR behaviors are obtained for devices formed with highly textured crystalline MgO(001) and amorphous Al₂O₃ tunnel barriers. A tight-binding model shows that a fourfold angular dependence can be explained by the presence of an interface resonant state that …

Forage Potential Of Temperate Legumes With Perennial Grasses In The Southern Plains, John A. Guretzky, Twain Butler, Matt Mattox

Department of Agronomy and Horticulture: Faculty Publications

INTRODUCTION

Rising costs of N fertilizer coupled with evidence of improved forage production and quality has increased interest among beef cattle producers in legume-grass mixtures for pasture. Our objectives were to evaluate forage yields of temperate legumes seeded with perennial grasses in the Southern Plains. Replicated field trials were established in 2006 at Burneyville, OK; Vashti, TX; and Stephenville, TX, to evaluate potential legume dry matter (DM) yields under different soil and rainfall regimes.

MATERIALS AND METHODS

Burneyville. Legumes were broadcast-seeded and lightly raked by hand within individual 3 x 5 m plots in an existing stand of eastern gamagrass …

Transfected Cell Arrays For The High-Throughput Analysis Of Transcription Factor Activity, Abigail D. Bellis, Angela K. Pannier, Lonnie D Shea

Department of Agricultural and Biological Systems Engineering: Presentations and White Papers

Transfected cell arrays offer a high-throughput method that allows for the parallel analysis of multiple pathways or genes within a physiological context. We have developed a transfected cell array that employs a dual-plasmid system that gives the ability to normalize for spot-to-spot variation in transfection efficiency. Each spot within the array contains a constitutively active normalization plasmid encoding for renilla luciferase as well as a functional plasmid that contains transcription factor specific binding elements driving the expression of firefly luciferase. Dual bioluminescent imaging provides highly sensitive analysis while limiting post-transfectional processing. Adequate transfection poses a significant challenge in extending this …

Manure Testing: What To Request?, Charles A. Shapiro, Charles S. Wortmann

Department of Agricultural and Biological Systems Engineering: Faculty Publications

Manure testing is necessary to make optimum use of manure while protecting water resources. This publication is a guide to providing information on a Manure Sample Sub­mission Form for reliable interpretation of results.

The tests most frequently needed to optimize nutrient management are total and ammonium nitrogen (NH₄-N), phosphorus (P₂O₅), potassium (K₂O), pH, soluble salts, sodium, and dry matter content.

Nitrogen. Manure contains both organic and inorganic forms of nitrogen. Ammonium-N is the primary inorganic form in manure and is readily available to crops. Nitrate-N concentration is usually too small to …

Lipidomic Analysis Of Glioblastoma Multiforme Using Mass Spectrometry, Soo Jung Ha, Gordon Showalter, Shanbao Cai, Haiyan Wang, Wei Michael Liu, Aaron Cohen-Gadol, Jann N. Sarkaria, Jenna Rickus, John Springer, Jiri Adamec, Karen E. Pollok, Kari L. Clase

Department of Biochemistry: Faculty Publications

Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) is the most common and malignant form of primary brain tumors. It is highly invasive and current treatment options have not improved the survival rate over the past twenty years. Novel approaches and technologies from systems biology have the potential to identify biomarkers that could serve as new therapeutic targets for GBM. This study employed lipid profiling technology to investigate lipid biomarkers in ectopic and orthotopic human GBM xenograft models. Primary patient cell lines, GBM10 and GBM43, were injected into the flank and the right cerebral hemisphere of NOD/SCID mice. Tumors were harvested from the brain and …

Identifying Mechanistic Models Of Spatial Behavior Using Pattern-Based Modeling: An Example From Lizard Home Ranges, Andrew J. Tyre, Gregory D. Kerr, Brigitte Tenhumberg, C. Michael Bull

School of Biological Sciences: Faculty Publications

Landscape and population level patterns form through the aggregation of responses of individual organisms to heterogeneity. Spatial organization within a population can range from random overlap of individual home ranges, to completely exclusive territories, with most populations falling somewhere between these two extremes. A fundamental question in behavioral ecology concerns the factors that influence the degree of spatial overlap of home ranges, and the processes that determine how likely it is that an individual will access resources over its home range. However, traditional experimental methods are not always practical or possible. Pattern-based modeling is an alternative, non-intrusive technique for explaining …

Harmonic Holography: A New Holographic Principle, Ye Pu, Martin Centurion, Demetri Psaltis

Martin Centurion Publications

The process of second harmonic generation (SHG) has a unique property of forming a sharp optical contrast between noncentrosymmetric crystalline materials and other types of material, which is a highly valuable asset for contrast microscopy. The coherent signal obtained through SHG also allows for the recording of holograms at high spatial and temporal resolution, enabling whole-field four-dimensional microscopy for highly dynamic microsystems and nanosystems. Here we describe a new holographic principle, harmonic holography (H²), which records holograms between independently generated second harmonic signals and reference. We experimentally demonstrate this technique with digital holographic recording of second harmonic signals …

Half Metallic Ferromagnets, Peter A. Dowben

Peter Dowben Publications

Since its introduction by de Groot and colleagues in the early 1980s [1], the concept of half metallic ferromagnetism has attracted great interest. Idealized, half-metals have only one spin channel for conduction: the spin-polarized band structure exhibits metallic behavior for one spin channel, while the other spin band structure exhibits a gap at the Fermi level. Due to the gap for one spin direction, the density of states at the Fermi level has, theoretically, 100 % spin polarization. This gap in the density of states in one spin at the Fermi level, for example ↓ so N↓(E_{F …}

Structure And Thermophysical Properties Of Single-Wall Si Nanotubes, Xinwei Wang, Zhen Huang, Tao Wang, Yuk Wai Tang, Xiao Cheng Zeng

Xiao Cheng Zeng Publications

In this work, molecular dynamics (MD) simulation based on the environment-dependent interatomic potential is carried out to explore the structure, atomic energy distribution, and thermophysical properties of single-wall Si nanotubes (SWSNTs). The unique structure of SWSNTs leads to a wider range energy distribution than crystal Si (c-Si), and results in a bond order in the range of 4.8~5. The thermal conductivity of SWSNTs is much smaller than that of bulk Si, and shows significantly slower change with their characteristic size than that of Si films. Out of the three types of SWSNTs studied in this work, pentagonal SWSNTs have the …

Quaternary Glaciation And Hydrologic Variation In The South American Tropics As Reconstructed From The Lake Titicaca Drilling Project, Sherilyn C. Fritz, Paul A. Baker, Geoffrey O. Seltzer, Ashley Ballantyne, Pedro Tapia, Hai Cheng, R. Lawrence Edwards

Department of Earth and Atmospheric Sciences: Faculty Publications

A 136-m-long drill core of sediments was recovered from tropical high-altitude Lake Titicaca, Bolivia-Peru, enabling a reconstruction of past climate that spans four cycles of regional glacial advance and retreat and that is estimated to extend continuously over the last 370,000 yr. Within the errors of the age model, the periods of regional glacial advance and retreat are concordant respectively with global glacial and interglacial stages. Periods of ice advance in the southern tropical Andes generally were periods of positive water balance, as evidenced by deeper and fresher conditions in Lake Titicaca. Conversely, reduced glaciation occurred during periods of negative …

Progress In Immunotherapy Rituximab, Manal M. El-Habbash, Abukris M. Alwindi

Saudi Medical Journal

Rituximab is an anti-CD20 chimeric monoclonal antibody that has shown substantial activity. Since its discovery, rituximab has been used with great success in a variety of hematological malignancies. Its success in the management of aggressive lymphomas led to expansion of its use in other conditions such as stem cell transplantation, post-transplant lymphoproliferative disorder, and other non-malignant conditions where B cell activation is thought to be important, such as idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura and rheumatoid arthritis. The side effects have been remarkably few, particularly, infection is not more common than with chemotherapy alone. This article reviews the structure, mechanism of action, and …

The Effects Of Allopurinol On Rat Liver And Spleen Tissues In A Chronic Hyperammonemia Animal Model, Alpaslan Gokcimen, Ahmet Kocak, Kanat Gulle, Recep Sutcu, Onur Elmas, Sadettin Caliskan, Fehmi Ozguner

Saudi Medical Journal

OBJECTIVE: To investigate whether hyperammonemia can lead to any structural change in liver and spleen tissues or biochemical changes in blood and if allopurinol (ALLO) has a protective effect in hyperammonemia. METHODS: This study was conducted between April and May 2006. Thirty-six females Wistar Albino rats were randomly divided into 3 equal groups: Controls, administered with ammonia (NH3) and administered with NH3 + ALLO groups. Ammonium acetate (2.5 mmole/kg/day) was injected to NH3 group intraperitoneally (IP) for 28 days. The other group received ammonium acetate (2.5 mmole/kg) plus ALLO (50 mg/kg) IP for 28 days. After finishing the study, blood …

The Effect Of Nigella Sativa Oil Against Aspiculuris Tetraptera And Hymenolepis Nana In Naturally Infected Mice., Erol Ayaz, Hasan Yilmaz, Hanefi Ozbek, Zeynep Tas, Ozlem Orunc

Saudi Medical Journal

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the antiparasitic effect of Nigella sativa oil (NSO) on Aspiculuris tetraptera (A. tetraptera) and Hymenolepis nana (H.nana) in mice in January 2005. METHODS: Mice were obtained from the animal house facility of the Faculty of Medicine, Yuzuncu Yil University, Van, Turkey. The natural infections were determined by the cellophane tape method and the centrifugal flotation method of stool samples. The infected mice with A. tetraptera and H.nana were divided into 4 groups; 2 treatment and 2 control groups. Nigella sativa oil was given at the dose of 250 ul/kg body weight orally for 2 consecutive days in …