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2007

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Different Learned Coordinate Frames For Planning Trajectories And Final Positions In Reaching, Claude Ghez, Robert A. Scheidt, Hank Heijink Dec 2007

Different Learned Coordinate Frames For Planning Trajectories And Final Positions In Reaching, Claude Ghez, Robert A. Scheidt, Hank Heijink

Biomedical Engineering Faculty Research and Publications

We previously reported that the kinematics of reaching movements reflect the superimposition of two separate control mechanisms specifying the hand's spatial trajectory and its final equilibrium position. We now asked whether the brain maintains separate representations of the spatial goals for planning hand trajectory and final position. One group of subjects learned a 30° visuomotor rotation about the hand's starting point while performing a movement reversal task (“slicing”) in which they reversed direction at one target and terminated movement at another. This task required accuracy in acquiring a target mid-movement. A second group adapted while moving to—and stabilizing at—a single …

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All For One, But Not One For All: The Knowledge/Power Struggle And Its Effect On Teacher Autonomy, Amy Phelps Fouse Dec 2007

All For One, But Not One For All: The Knowledge/Power Struggle And Its Effect On Teacher Autonomy, Amy Phelps Fouse

College of Graduate Studies: Theses & Dissertations

Addressing current issues in English Language-Arts education, this study analyzes teacher perception of the paradoxical relationship between the Georgia Performance Standards and high-stakes testing accountability measures. This study examines teacher response to the implementation of Georgia Performance Standards and the oppression of federal accountability measures. This study also investigates whether Georgia Performance Standards can, in fact, promote equity through a multicultural and democratic pedagogy. This study further investigates whether or not standardized assessment serves to squelch equity and enforce power structures of bureaucracy through superseding the state curriculum in English-Language Arts. A mixed methods study was created to measure differences …

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Understanding The Influences On The Homework Experiences Of Low-Socioeconomic, African American, Kindergarten Students, Sheryl Florantine Venable Dec 2007

Understanding The Influences On The Homework Experiences Of Low-Socioeconomic, African American, Kindergarten Students, Sheryl Florantine Venable

College of Graduate Studies: Theses & Dissertations

Mixed views exist on the benefits of homework for elementary students. The focus of this interpretive case study was to understand the influences on the homework experiences of 10 low-socioeconomic, African American kindergarten students. The general research question framed by Bandura's (1986) social cognitive theory was stated as followed: How do the students' personal processes, the parents' home and the teachers school classroom environments, and the students' school academic behaviors interact to influence the homework experiences of low-socioeconomic, African-American kindergarten students? The data were analyzed using the constant comparative method. Interviews and records of homework and quiz grades revealed that …

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African American Caregivers Of Children Affected By Hiv/Aids, Doris Cooper Wilbon Dec 2007

African American Caregivers Of Children Affected By Hiv/Aids, Doris Cooper Wilbon

College of Graduate Studies: Theses & Dissertations

The Human Immunodeficiency Disease (HIV) and Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome (AIDS) have reached an epidemic proportion in many African American communities. There is a significant amount of stigma and denial associated with HIV/AIDS in these communities, leaving people with minimal knowledge about this disease. Caretakers such as grandparents, other relatives, and foster parents take on the role of surrogate parents to these children who have lost one or both of their parents to HIV/AIDS. When family members, especially women, die from this disease leaving their offspring behind these children often experience various emotional and behavioral problems. A few of the children …

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Phylogenetic Relationships Within Coleeae (Bignoniaceae Juss.), Andreina Carvajal Dec 2007

Phylogenetic Relationships Within Coleeae (Bignoniaceae Juss.), Andreina Carvajal

College of Graduate Studies: Theses & Dissertations

On Madagascar, Bignoniaceae is represented by tribes Coleeae (4 genera/58 species) and Tecomeae (4 genera/15 species). Species of Coleeae occur in assemblages of sympatric, locally endemic species. The purpose of this study was to explore the phylogenetic relationships within Coleeae. In order to do so, techniques such as PCR by using universal primers for waxy nuclear gene, agarose electrophoresis, cloning and sequencing were performed. A total of 26 taxa were successfully amplified. Sequences were analyzed using three different phylogenetic programs (Maximum parsimony, maximum likelihood and Bayesian analysis) resulting in various phylogenetic trees. Main conclusions drawn from this work are: 1. …

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Lessons From A Rural Georgia School On Developing Successful Professional Learning Communities, Roderick Donnel Sams Dec 2007

Lessons From A Rural Georgia School On Developing Successful Professional Learning Communities, Roderick Donnel Sams

College of Graduate Studies: Theses & Dissertations

The literature on educational leadership and school change recognizes clearly the influence of the principal on whether or not change will occur in the school. It seems clear that transforming the school organization into a professional learning community can be done only with the sanction of the principal and active nurturing of the professional development of the staff in order to progress as a learning community. Thus, a look at the elementary principal of a school whose staff is a professional learning community seems a good starting point for describing what these learning communities look like and how they operate …

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Leadership Behaviors That Contribute To Teacher Morale, Vickie Tantee Randolph-Robinson Dec 2007

Leadership Behaviors That Contribute To Teacher Morale, Vickie Tantee Randolph-Robinson

College of Graduate Studies: Theses & Dissertations

In this era of increased accountability and increased pressure to improve our public schools, elementary school leaders, working to meet the provisions of the No Child Left Behind Act (NCLB) of 2001, are focusing on developing effective leadership behaviors as they face the complex challenges of meeting organizational goals within their elementary schools and maintaining or increasing staff satisfaction. Leadership behavior has long been of interest in industry, business, military, and the government; on the whole, research shows that focusing on social factors such as morale, group interaction, and supportive relationships has a strong effect on productivity and success. The …

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The Characteristics Of Effective Mentoring Programs For At Risk Students As Perceived By Selected Georgia Principals, Tujuana Carlene Bush Dec 2007

The Characteristics Of Effective Mentoring Programs For At Risk Students As Perceived By Selected Georgia Principals, Tujuana Carlene Bush

College of Graduate Studies: Theses & Dissertations

The purpose of this study was to identify the characteristics of successful mentoring programs principals perceived most effective with at risk students. The research conducted intends to be a resource of organized support systems for students considered at risk for academic failure. As an educator, the researcher understands the value of mentoring programs and the support that mentors offer. Mentors create opportunities for students to build self esteem, connectedness, and make healthy decisions through guidance given by one on one or small group interactions. Employing a research instrument composed of ten questions designed to elicit responses relating to two research …

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Examining The Implementation Of School-Wide Positive Discipline Intervention And Its Impact On Teacher Beliefs, Values And Practices, Isreal J. Collins Dec 2007

Examining The Implementation Of School-Wide Positive Discipline Intervention And Its Impact On Teacher Beliefs, Values And Practices, Isreal J. Collins

College of Graduate Studies: Theses & Dissertations

The frequent occurrence of negative student behaviors such as bulling, verbal abuse, and disrespect remain a key concern for teacher. Teachers report instances of simple disrespect, noncompliance, poor peer interactions, cursing, making fun of one another, grabbing, pushing and being of-task as common occurrences in their classrooms. Teachers are expected and required to manage student behavior through the implementation of a well designed classroom management plan. Student disruptions through negative behavior require constant alteration of their management plan, reducing instructional time, and leaving teachers with high levels of personal frustration and stress. School districts around the country have begun to …

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What Works: Principal Leadership Behaviors That Positively Impact Student Achievement In Elementary Schools, Jason R. Moffitt Dec 2007

What Works: Principal Leadership Behaviors That Positively Impact Student Achievement In Elementary Schools, Jason R. Moffitt

College of Graduate Studies: Theses & Dissertations

Effective leadership behaviors are imperative in contributing to student achievement and the overall culture of a school. School leaders must mold the culture of the school in order to create an environment which is conducive to learning. Studies on school leadership and student achievement have highlighted the evidence of school leadership behaviors which contribute to student achievement. The purpose of this investigation studied the extent of school leadership behaviors and or characteristics that contribute to student achievement. This study was designed to identify the relationship between the behaviors of the school leader and student achievement. The study determined if teachers …

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Analysis Of Compelling And Constraining Forces Experienced By Georgia High School Principals Implementing Smaller Learning Communities, Martin Gregory Waters Dec 2007

Analysis Of Compelling And Constraining Forces Experienced By Georgia High School Principals Implementing Smaller Learning Communities, Martin Gregory Waters

College of Graduate Studies: Theses & Dissertations

The research on smaller learning communities is extensive, and the benefits are documented, compelling, and persuasive. While the practice can become the engine for higher achievement, stakeholders must adjust to a new paradigm of school operations. In many cases, prior procedures and traditions must be abandoned to achieve academic, social, and school environmental goals. Several unknown factors exist in Georgia's high schools as administrators attempt to find programs and procedures to meet the needs of rapidly growing and diverse student populations. First, little is known about the experiences of Georgia high school principals implementing smaller learning communities, nor the forces …

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Examination Of Teacher Workplace Satisfaction And Student Achievement, Angela Scott Patrick Dec 2007

Examination Of Teacher Workplace Satisfaction And Student Achievement, Angela Scott Patrick

College of Graduate Studies: Theses & Dissertations

Research has been conducted to study teacher workplace satisfaction. The following factors were identified as integral to teacher workplace satisfaction: administrative support; student behaviors; workplace atmosphere; autonomy and efficacy. Findings within the extant literature indicated that student achievement is a factor in teachers' satisfaction with their work. Specifically, educators have repeatedly expressed a need to impact student achievement and have noted satisfaction or dissatisfaction in relation to their perception of their influence or lack therefore. The purpose of this study was to examine the relationship between teacher workplace satisfaction and student achievement with the intent of making recommendations regarding maximization …

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Administration Of Higher Education Extended Campus Locations With A Distance Learning Component: An Analysis Of Best Leadership Practices At Columbia College, Don Stephen Stumpf Dec 2007

Administration Of Higher Education Extended Campus Locations With A Distance Learning Component: An Analysis Of Best Leadership Practices At Columbia College, Don Stephen Stumpf

College of Graduate Studies: Theses & Dissertations

The purpose of this study was to analyze the leadership practices of extended campus directors in the context of the administration of distance learning programs. The leadership practices of the 30 extended campus directors working for Columbia College of Missouri, at various locations around the country were measured using the Leadership Practices Inventory - Self (LPI - Self). This survey instrument was distributed using a secure email account established for the purposes of this study. The researcher analyzed the quantitative data collected from the study using the one-sample z-test to complete a comparison of the leadership practices of the directors …

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Glycosaminoglycan Stabilization In Bovine Pericardium, Lauren Browne Dec 2007

Glycosaminoglycan Stabilization In Bovine Pericardium, Lauren Browne

All Theses

Glutaraldehyde crosslinked bovine pericardium has been used for fabrication of bioprosthetic heart valves as well as cardiac patches for soft tissue repair. However, calcification and limited mechanical stability result in shortened life for the prostheses. Previous research has shown that glutaraldehyde crosslinking does not stabilize glycosaminoglycans (GAGs) and that GAGs are lost from porcine bioprosthetic heart valves[1]. Bovine pericardial tissue is composed of an amorphous network of collagen and elastin fibers, proteoglycans, and GAGs. The GAGs of bovine pericardium include dermatan sulfate, chondroitin sulfate, and hyaluronan [2].
It is hypothesized that Glut does not stabilize GAGs in pericardium and loss …

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Parental Education Levels And Their Effect On First Year Retention And Grade Point Ratio, Jon Christiansen Dec 2007

Parental Education Levels And Their Effect On First Year Retention And Grade Point Ratio, Jon Christiansen

All Theses

Background/Problem: Education is an important factor in economic success. This research explores how relevant parental education is to their children's education by studying first year college retention as well as first year cumulative grade point ratio. Purpose: By what probability is retention increased on average if a mother or father becomes a high school graduate or a college graduate? Also, by what amount is grade point ratio affected if a mother or father becomes a high school graduate or a college graduate? Design and Methods: A random sample of 844 students who filled out the FAFSA at a southern public …

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An Experiment In Joint Product Price Optimization: Price Elasticities And Substitution Decisions Of The Hungry Barfly, Jeffrey Coursen Dec 2007

An Experiment In Joint Product Price Optimization: Price Elasticities And Substitution Decisions Of The Hungry Barfly, Jeffrey Coursen

All Theses

The subject of optimal pricing is consistently on the forefront of debate among firms in all market situations. Optimal pricing is further complicated when there are common resource inputs associated with the production of a multitude of different products. Economic theory has suggestions for pricing optimally in a variety of market conditions, from perfect competition, to perfect monopoly. This paper presents an experiment where a firm is attempting to optimally price multiple products with common cost inputs subject to monopolistic market conditions. The result supports the hypothesis of substitution amongst the product line relative to prices, as well as presents …

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Performance Based Contracting And Improving The Current Contracting Process, Troy Berkland Dec 2007

Performance Based Contracting And Improving The Current Contracting Process, Troy Berkland

All Theses

The primary objective of the research described in this report was to suggest improvements to the maintenance contracting process currently utilized by the South Carolina Department of Transportation (SCDOT). A secondary research objective was to examine to what extent SCDOT could migrate more toward performance based, as opposed to method based, highway maintenance specifications.
A comprehensive literature review indicated some states had successfully implemented performance based specifications for a wide range of maintenance activities whereas others had not. Some states have adopted performance based specifications as part of a comprehensive asset management program whereby the contractor typically performs all routine …

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Records And States; Memory Explored Through Process And Narrative, Rachael Madeline Dec 2007

Records And States; Memory Explored Through Process And Narrative, Rachael Madeline

All Theses

ABSTRACT
These series of prints, Records and States, demonstrate an investigation into memory through process and narrative. Each body of work serves as a documentation of memory, operating through differing visual vocabularies. The content and process relies on remembering and repeating a matrix to express the traces of memory. Records are a body of information based on past events, compiled and preserved to represent the passage of time through the use of text and numerical symbols. This is a literal and metaphorical association; the process is a time consuming and meditative endeavor whose visual results represent the construction and breakdown …

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Evaluation Of Heavy-Duty Engine Exhaust Hydrocarbon And Non-Methane Hydrocarbon Analysis Methods, Abishek Muralidharan Dec 2007

Evaluation Of Heavy-Duty Engine Exhaust Hydrocarbon And Non-Methane Hydrocarbon Analysis Methods, Abishek Muralidharan

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

The harmful environmental and health effects of automobile exhaust constituents have necessitated their regulation in many countries. The constituents of concern from diesel fueled engines are oxides of nitrogen (NOx), hydrocarbons (HC), carbon monoxide (CO) and particulate matter. Hydrocarbons combine with the oxides of nitrogen in a photochemical reaction, aided by sunlight, to form ozone which is a major constituent of smog. However methane does not aid in smog formation and is excluded from the present United States on-road hydrocarbon regulation.;Flame ionization detectors (FID) are the preferred detectors for hydrocarbon measurement from compression ignition internal combustion engines. Regulatory requirement for …

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Use Of Native Seed Mixtures To Improve Erosion Control And Wildlife Habitat On Log Landings Following Timber Harvest In The Upper Elk Watershed Of West Virginia, Lisa R. Tager Dec 2007

Use Of Native Seed Mixtures To Improve Erosion Control And Wildlife Habitat On Log Landings Following Timber Harvest In The Upper Elk Watershed Of West Virginia, Lisa R. Tager

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

Foresters in West Virginia follow BMP guidelines by reseeding retired log landings with inexpensive grasses that quickly provide erosion control. However, these grasses typically are not native nor do they provide high quality forage for wildlife. I developed 3 native seed mixtures for log landing reclamation that would maintain sediment control, as well as enhance wildlife habitat. These mixtures included an erosion control mixture, a wildlife mixture, and a wildflower mixture. I assessed sediment control, biomass production, vegetation structure, forage quality, and small mammal usage of my native mixtures and a commonly used, nonnative traditional mixture in 2005 and 2006. …

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Three-Dimensional, High Resolution, Computerized Ionospheric Tomographic Imaging And Computational Modeling Of An Artificial Ionospheric Cavity, Craig A. Selcher Dec 2007

Three-Dimensional, High Resolution, Computerized Ionospheric Tomographic Imaging And Computational Modeling Of An Artificial Ionospheric Cavity, Craig A. Selcher

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

Tomographic techniques use line integral measurements to reconstruct local values of the measured parameter. These techniques have been applied to the ionosphere by using radio transmissions to measure the integral of electron density between a satellite and a chain of ground-based receiving stations. The resultant reconstructions form a two-dimensional map of the electron density in the plane of the satellite/receiver chain. Insufficient quantity of receivers and not having a complete range of accessible look angles with the available receivers are responsible for the non-uniqueness in the reconstructions. The limited look angle problem can be alleviated by making use of alternative …

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Expression Profiling Of Oocyte Specific Genes, Transcription Factors And Micrornas During Early Embryonic Development In Rainbow Trout (Onchorhyncus Mykiss), Raghuveer K. Ramachandra Dec 2007

Expression Profiling Of Oocyte Specific Genes, Transcription Factors And Micrornas During Early Embryonic Development In Rainbow Trout (Onchorhyncus Mykiss), Raghuveer K. Ramachandra

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

Genes specifically expressed in oocytes are important for the development of oocytes and early embryos. By analyzing ESTs from a rainbow trout oocyte cDNA library, we identified a novel EST sequence that does not show homology to any sequences in the GenBank. Analysis of tissue distribution by RT-PCR revealed that this gene was only expressed in unfertilized oocytes. Sequencing of the EST clone identified a cDNA of 3163 bp. Northern blot analysis showed the novel gene has a single transcript of 3.4 kb. Additional 5' sequence was obtained by 5' RACE, extending the novel cDNA to 3333 bp. Analysis of …

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Three Essays On Corporate Liquidity, Financial Distress And Equity Returns, Fang Wang Dec 2007

Three Essays On Corporate Liquidity, Financial Distress And Equity Returns, Fang Wang

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

The three essays in this dissertation study the impact of corporate liquidity on a firm's value, how corporate liquidity affects the probability of financial distress and equity returns, and whether corporate liquidity represents an idiosyncratic risk, or serves as a priced risk factor.;The first essay examines the relationship between corporate liquidity and equity returns for individual firms. It is found that firms holding more liquid assets have significantly higher equity returns. This positive relationship between corporate liquidity and equity returns is more pronounced among firms with financial constraints. In addition, firms expecting volatile cash flows stock more cash for precautionary …

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Multivariable Robust Control Of A Simulated Hybrid Solid Oxide Fuel Cell Gas Turbine Plant, Alex Tsai Dec 2007

Multivariable Robust Control Of A Simulated Hybrid Solid Oxide Fuel Cell Gas Turbine Plant, Alex Tsai

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

This work presents a systematic approach to the multivariable robust control of a hybrid fuel cell gas turbine plant. The hybrid configuration under investigation built by the National Energy Technology Laboratory comprises a physical simulation of a 300kW fuel cell coupled to a 120kW auxiliary power unit single spool gas turbine. The public facility provides for the testing and simulation of different fuel cell models that in turn help identify the key difficulties encountered in the transient operation of such systems. An empirical model of the built facility comprising a simulated fuel cell cathode volume and balance of plant components …

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A Quality Approach And Broader Indicators For Evaluating The Quality Of The Educational Process: An Applied Study At The University Of Baghdad, Saad Ali Al-Anzi, Sana Abdul Saeed Abadi Dec 2007

A Quality Approach And Broader Indicators For Evaluating The Quality Of The Educational Process: An Applied Study At The University Of Baghdad, Saad Ali Al-Anzi, Sana Abdul Saeed Abadi

Journal of Economics and Administrative Sciences

The research employs a dual approach—case study and applied study—to achieve its objectives. The proposed system was implemented at the University of Baghdad as a representative sample of national universities. This involved conducting a series of interviews with officials responsible for performance evaluation at the Scientific Supervision and Evaluation Apparatus (Performance Evaluation Department) within the Ministry of Higher Education and Scientific Research. Additionally, continuous consultations were held with faculty members across various colleges to understand operational details and gather necessary data. The research reached several theoretical and practical conclusions, most notably: Holistic Evaluation: Quality evaluation is neither mere praise nor …

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Targeting Of The Price As A Basis For Achieving Target Costing In Economic Units Operating In The Modern Business Environment, Jalilah Idan Hulayhi, Thair Sabri Al Ghabban Dec 2007

Targeting Of The Price As A Basis For Achieving Target Costing In Economic Units Operating In The Modern Business Environment, Jalilah Idan Hulayhi, Thair Sabri Al Ghabban

Journal of Economics and Administrative Sciences

Prices represent the monetary expression of the value of goods and services provided to customers, and the pricing process is a critical operation with a profound impact on the success and sustainability of business organizations, given its influence on profitability and the redistribution of national income allocated for consumption, which enables individuals to allocate their income between essential and luxury goods. Generally, the pricing process serves a variety of objectives that differ across organizations and is influenced by a set of factors requiring strategic responses; traditionally, there are two primary approaches to price determination: the economic approach, which is fundamentally …

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Comparison Of Some Parametric And Non-Parametric Methods For Randomized Block Design For Repeated Measurements, Dhafer Hussein Rashid, Saja Mohammad Hussein Dec 2007

Comparison Of Some Parametric And Non-Parametric Methods For Randomized Block Design For Repeated Measurements, Dhafer Hussein Rashid, Saja Mohammad Hussein

Journal of Economics and Administrative Sciences

The repeated measurement design is called a complete randomized block design for repeated measurement when the subject is given the all different treatments , in this case the subject is considered as a block . Many of nonparametric methods were considered like Friedman test (1937) and Koch test(1969) and Kepner&Robinson test(1988) when the assumption of normal distribution of the data is not satisfied .as well as F test when the assumptions of the analysis of variance is satisfied ,where the observations within blocks are assumed to be equally correlated . The purpose of this paper is to summarize the result …

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Challenges Of Supply Chain Effectiveness: A Focus On Major Global Companies, Saad Ali Al-Anzi Dec 2007

Challenges Of Supply Chain Effectiveness: A Focus On Major Global Companies, Saad Ali Al-Anzi

Journal of Economics and Administrative Sciences

Over the past two decades, there has been a burgeoning interest in Supply Chain Management (SCM) as a profound source of competitiveness and value creation, driven by two pivotal evolutionary waves: the first characterized by a shift toward strategic outsourcing—enabling firms to become leaner by focusing on core competencies—and the second, current wave, which views the management of highly complex value chains as a distinct strategic ability. However, despite its growing significance, SCM has frequently failed to deliver on its promises; for instance, a survey by Booz Allen Hamilton indicated that while the business world invests approximately $20 billion annually …

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Using The Bayesian Approach In Calculating Confidence Intervals, Salim Ismail Algharabi, Sabah Hadi Aboud Dec 2007

Using The Bayesian Approach In Calculating Confidence Intervals, Salim Ismail Algharabi, Sabah Hadi Aboud

Journal of Economics and Administrative Sciences

Most topics in statistical inference focus on the estimation of parameters for probability distributions with known forms, where the observed values of a random variable represent an unknown parameter or a vector of parameters. In non-Bayesian estimation methods, statisticians assume that the parameter is an unknown fixed constant, implying that the information provided by a sample of an appropriate size drawn from the population is sufficient for the estimation process. However, in most practical applications, the parameter is actually a random variable rather than a fixed quantity. Consequently, its estimation requires prior information in the form of a probability distribution, …

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Factors Influencing Theft In Organizations, Saad Ali Al-Anzi, Dashwar Jalal Al-Atrushi Dec 2007

Factors Influencing Theft In Organizations, Saad Ali Al-Anzi, Dashwar Jalal Al-Atrushi

Journal of Economics and Administrative Sciences

Employee Stealing or internal theft is considered from the passive practices that can’t be denied or be hidden, In spite of the hospital privacy as a serving organization that works 24\7 and deleing with human lives, they weren’t infallible from that kind of practice. To prevent or reduce this practice, it was important to search for the organizational and behavioral factors influencing internal thefts. The study problem briefly is to reach the most organizational and behavioral factors influencing internal theft, in governmental hospitals in Baghdad Rusafa Health district, this was done by analyzing (20) administrative cases, of thefts occurred in …

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