Open Access. Powered by Scholars. Published by Universities.®

Digital Commons Network™

Open Access. Powered by Scholars. Published by Universities.®

2007

Discipline
Institution
Keyword
Publication
Publication Type
File Type

Articles 541 - 570 of 12248

Full-Text Articles in Entire DC Network

African American Caregivers Of Children Affected By Hiv/Aids, Doris Cooper Wilbon Dec 2007

African American Caregivers Of Children Affected By Hiv/Aids, Doris Cooper Wilbon

College of Graduate Studies: Theses & Dissertations

The Human Immunodeficiency Disease (HIV) and Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome (AIDS) have reached an epidemic proportion in many African American communities. There is a significant amount of stigma and denial associated with HIV/AIDS in these communities, leaving people with minimal knowledge about this disease. Caretakers such as grandparents, other relatives, and foster parents take on the role of surrogate parents to these children who have lost one or both of their parents to HIV/AIDS. When family members, especially women, die from this disease leaving their offspring behind these children often experience various emotional and behavioral problems. A few of the children …

Go to article

Trailer Park Royalty: Southern Child Beauty Pageants, Girlhood And Power, Elisabeth Blumer Thompson Dec 2007

Trailer Park Royalty: Southern Child Beauty Pageants, Girlhood And Power, Elisabeth Blumer Thompson

College of Graduate Studies: Theses & Dissertations

Child beauty pageants are a phenomenon in rural communities throughout Georgia. My belief is that most of those who compete in these pageants are from the lower socio-economic bracket, participating for a multitude of reasons. A bricolage of post-structural feminism, critical ethnography, critical hermeneutics and cultural studies lenses will analyze how the performances of participants and the power exercised by the beauty pageant culture work to formulate girls' identities. Analysis will also include how power operates to perpetuate this subculture and its right to dictate norms for beauty and acceptance and will be situated in the culture of girlhood. Examination …

Go to article

The Role Of Tourist Behavior In Shaping Tourism Patterns, Salim Hamid Salem Dec 2007

The Role Of Tourist Behavior In Shaping Tourism Patterns, Salim Hamid Salem

Journal of Economics and Administrative Sciences

Tourism has emerged as a fundamental pillar of modern civilization due to its significant positive impacts and its pivotal role in bolstering national economies, reducing unemployment rates, and stimulating international trade. It is virtually inconceivable to envision a developed nation devoid of a robust hospitality and tourism infrastructure capable of providing diverse goods and services that satisfy the multifaceted needs, desires, and tastes of tourists through facilities that reflect various tourism patterns. Consequently, many countries prioritize specific tourism sectors based on their unique environmental, natural, or historical attractions. This underscores that the tourism industry is in a state of continuous …

Go to article

Comparison Of Some Parametric And Non-Parametric Methods For Randomized Block Design For Repeated Measurements, Dhafer Hussein Rashid, Saja Mohammad Hussein Dec 2007

Comparison Of Some Parametric And Non-Parametric Methods For Randomized Block Design For Repeated Measurements, Dhafer Hussein Rashid, Saja Mohammad Hussein

Journal of Economics and Administrative Sciences

The repeated measurement design is called a complete randomized block design for repeated measurement when the subject is given the all different treatments , in this case the subject is considered as a block . Many of nonparametric methods were considered like Friedman test (1937) and Koch test(1969) and Kepner&Robinson test(1988) when the assumption of normal distribution of the data is not satisfied .as well as F test when the assumptions of the analysis of variance is satisfied ,where the observations within blocks are assumed to be equally correlated . The purpose of this paper is to summarize the result …

Go to article

Trust, Conflict, And Cooperative Behavior: The Role Of Reciprocal Relationships Within Organizations, Saad Ali Al-Anzi Dec 2007

Trust, Conflict, And Cooperative Behavior: The Role Of Reciprocal Relationships Within Organizations, Saad Ali Al-Anzi

Journal of Economics and Administrative Sciences

This study investigates the complex interplay between trust, conflict, and cooperative behavior within organizational settings, emphasizing the pivotal role of reciprocal relationships. By examining how interpersonal and systemic trust act as catalysts for collaboration, the research highlights that mutual reliance and positive reciprocity significantly mitigate the dysfunctional effects of workplace conflict. The paper argues that when employees perceive a high level of reciprocity, they are more likely to engage in cooperative behaviors, even in the presence of task-related disagreements, as the underlying trust provides a safety net that prevents conflict from escalating into personal animosity. Through an analysis of organizational …

Go to article

Factors Influencing Theft In Organizations, Saad Ali Al-Anzi, Dashwar Jalal Al-Atrushi Dec 2007

Factors Influencing Theft In Organizations, Saad Ali Al-Anzi, Dashwar Jalal Al-Atrushi

Journal of Economics and Administrative Sciences

Employee Stealing or internal theft is considered from the passive practices that can’t be denied or be hidden, In spite of the hospital privacy as a serving organization that works 24\7 and deleing with human lives, they weren’t infallible from that kind of practice. To prevent or reduce this practice, it was important to search for the organizational and behavioral factors influencing internal thefts. The study problem briefly is to reach the most organizational and behavioral factors influencing internal theft, in governmental hospitals in Baghdad Rusafa Health district, this was done by analyzing (20) administrative cases, of thefts occurred in …

Go to article

A Contemporary Challenge To State Sovereignty: Gangs And Other Illicit Transnational Criminal Organizations (Tcos) In Central America, El Salvador, Mexico, Jamaica, And Brazil, Max G. Manwaring Dr. Dec 2007

A Contemporary Challenge To State Sovereignty: Gangs And Other Illicit Transnational Criminal Organizations (Tcos) In Central America, El Salvador, Mexico, Jamaica, And Brazil, Max G. Manwaring Dr.

Books, Monographs & Collaborative Studies

Another kind of war within the context of a “clash of civilizations” is being waged in various parts of the Americas, Africa, Asia, Europe, the Middle East, and elsewhere around the world today. Some of the main protagonists are those who have come to be designated as first-second-, and third-generation street gangs, as well as their various possible allies such as traditional Transnational Criminal Organizations. In this new type of war, national security and sovereignty of affected countries is being impinged every day, and gangs’ illicit commercial motives are, in fact, becoming an ominous political agenda.

Go to article

The Carbon-Neutral Individual, Michael P. Vandenbergh, Anne C. Steinemann Dec 2007

The Carbon-Neutral Individual, Michael P. Vandenbergh, Anne C. Steinemann

Vanderbilt Law School Faculty Publications

Reducing the risk of catastrophic climate change will require leveling off greenhouse gas emissions over the short term and reducing emissions by an estimated 60-80% over the long term. To achieve these reductions, we argue that policymakers and regulators should focus not only on factories and other industrial sources of emissions but also on individuals. We construct a model that demonstrates that individuals contribute roughly one-third of carbon dioxide emissions in the United States. This one-third share accounts for roughly 8% of the world's total, more than the total emissions of any other country except China, and more than several …

Go to article

Michigan Elementary School Facility Quality And Its Impact On Student Achievement, Brett A. Geier Dec 2007

Michigan Elementary School Facility Quality And Its Impact On Student Achievement, Brett A. Geier

Dissertations

Studies on school facility quality and its impact on student achievement have been conducted throughout the nation with varying results. Some studies conclude a significant relationship exists between facility condition and student achievement, while others refute this potential phenomenon. Much of the research concludes that not enough analyses have been conducted to make appropriate generalizations. This research study focused on the condition ofelementary schools in Michigan and utilized the Michigan Educational Assessment Program (M.E.A.P.) examinations in reading and mathematics at the third, fourth and fifth grade levels as the dependent variable to assess the relationship between building condition and student …

Go to article

The Common Law Genius Of The Warren Court, David A. Strauss Dec 2007

The Common Law Genius Of The Warren Court, David A. Strauss

William & Mary Law Review

The Warren Court's most important decisions-on school segregation, reapportionment, free speech, and criminal procedure are firmly entrenched in the law. But the idea persists, even among those who are sympathetic to the results that the Warren Court reached, that what the Warren Court was doing was somehow not really law: that the Warren Court "made it up," and that the important Warren Court decisions cannot be justified by reference to conventional legal materials. It is true that the Warren Court's most important decisions cannot be easily justified on the basis of the text of the Constitution or the original understandings. …

Go to article

The Classic, Winter 2007-2008, Public Relations Dec 2007

The Classic, Winter 2007-2008, Public Relations

The Classic, 2000-2009

A Leader Remembered; Inbox; No Easy Answers; Faith and Friendship; On Board; Writing Hope; Blue-Ribbon Collaboration; 'Tis the Season for Giving; So Long, Farewell; One Man's Art; Food for the World; Missions-Minded; Faith and Family: A Q&A with the children of Northwestern's Parents of the Year; Fall Sports; Face Value: Karen Barker; Of Course: Sick Feelings; Looking Back: The Christmas Gift; Pop Quiz; Photo Essay: Way to Celebrate!; Distinguished: Three alumni honored at Homecoming: Marty Guthmiller '82, Don Van Etten '54, Dave Hulsart '91; New Horizon: Students learn about sustainable community development in post-communist Romania; In the Line of Fire: …

Go to article

The Effect Of A Required Character Education And Class-Wide Peer Tutoring Program On 5th-Grade Students’ Reading And Writing Performance, Anthony P. Dancer Dec 2007

The Effect Of A Required Character Education And Class-Wide Peer Tutoring Program On 5th-Grade Students’ Reading And Writing Performance, Anthony P. Dancer

Student Work

The purpose of the study was to determine the effect of a required school year long Character Education and Class-Wide Peer Tutoring program (CE+CWPT) for students who scored at or below proficiency in one, two, or three of their reading fluency, reading comprehension, or writing assessments at the beginning of their 5th-grade school year. The study analyzed performance on criterion referenced tests, performance on norm-referenced tests, behavioral referrals, and attendance to determine what relationship, if any, exists between levels of achievement amongst students participating in a required CE+CWPT program. Following a year of program participation, 5th-grade students with one or …

Go to article

The Effect Of A Required Character Education And Class-Wide Peer Tutoring Program On 5th-Grade Students' Reading And Writing Performance, Anthony P. Dancer Dec 2007

The Effect Of A Required Character Education And Class-Wide Peer Tutoring Program On 5th-Grade Students' Reading And Writing Performance, Anthony P. Dancer

Student Work

The purpose of the study was to determine the effect of a required school year long Character Education and Class-Wide Peer Tutoring program (CE+CWPT) for students who scored at or below proficiency in one, two, or three of their reading fluency, reading comprehension, or writing assessments at the beginning of their 5th-grade school year. The study analyzed performance on criterion referenced tests, performance on norm-referenced tests, behavioral referrals, and attendance to determine what relationship, if any, exists between levels of achievement amongst students participating in a required CE+CWPT program. Following a year of program participation, 5th-grade students with one or …

Go to article

Law's War With Conscience: The Psychological Limits Of Enforcement, Eric Fleisig-Greene Dec 2007

Law's War With Conscience: The Psychological Limits Of Enforcement, Eric Fleisig-Greene

BYU Law Review

No abstract provided.

Go to article

Table Of Contents Dec 2007

Table Of Contents

BYU Law Review

No abstract provided.

Go to article

December 2007 Commencement Program, Bowling Green State University Dec 2007

December 2007 Commencement Program, Bowling Green State University

Commencement Programs

No abstract provided.

Go to article

Two Decades After Mcmartin: A Follow-Up Of 22 Convicted Day Care Employees, Mary Deyoung Dec 2007

Two Decades After Mcmartin: A Follow-Up Of 22 Convicted Day Care Employees, Mary Deyoung

The Journal of Sociology & Social Welfare

It has been more that two decades since the notorious McMartin Preschool case created a day care ritual abuse master-narrative that recruited many social workers into becoming involved in case-finding, investigations, interviewing and advocacy. The purpose of this article is threefold: it introduces a sample of 22 day care employees who were convicted in day care ritual abuse cases; it updates their current legal status; and it discusses the relevance of these cases to social workers who currently are being recruited by today's new master narratives about extrafamilial sexual threats to children, whether from neighborhood pedophiles, child pornographers, parish priests …

Go to article

A Qualitative Study Of Letters To President Kennedy From Persons With Mental Illness And Their Families: Using The Research Poem In Policy Oriented Research, Rich Furman, Allison Shukraft Dec 2007

A Qualitative Study Of Letters To President Kennedy From Persons With Mental Illness And Their Families: Using The Research Poem In Policy Oriented Research, Rich Furman, Allison Shukraft

The Journal of Sociology & Social Welfare

Using the research poem as a tool of data representation, this paper presentsfindingsfrom an analysis of letters sent to President John F. Kennedy regarding the formulation of mental health policy during the early 1960s. The article presents the experiences of consumers of mental health services and their families-shapers and receivers of mentalhealthprovisionsth atareinfrequentlygivenv oice. Traditional thematic analysis was conducted, and data subsequently were represented in three poetic forms:free verse, the pantoum, and the tanka.

Go to article

Social Functioning: A Sociological Common Base For Social Work Practice, Thomas J. Blakely, Gregory M. Dziadosz Dec 2007

Social Functioning: A Sociological Common Base For Social Work Practice, Thomas J. Blakely, Gregory M. Dziadosz

The Journal of Sociology & Social Welfare

This article describes the experience of a social work mental health agency with Social Role Theory (SRT), that is an organizing concept for the delivery of its assessment and treatment program. SRT has been called the process variable of the program, meaning how services are delivered. Social functioning, a concept taken from SRT, is a treatment outcome. The overall purposes of the article are to describe the contribution of sociology to social work practice, and to advance the argument that social functioning is a common base for social work practice generally.

Go to article

Role Of Medial Prefrontal Cortical Group Ii Metabotropic Glutamate Receptor In The Development Of Cocaine Sensitization, Xiaohu Xie Dec 2007

Role Of Medial Prefrontal Cortical Group Ii Metabotropic Glutamate Receptor In The Development Of Cocaine Sensitization, Xiaohu Xie

Theses and Dissertations (ETD)

The current studies examined the role of medial prefrontal cortical (mPFC) group II metabotropic glutamate receptors (mGluR2/3) in the development of cocaine sensitization. Initial studies demonstrated that intra-mPFC injection of the mGluR2/3 receptor agonist, APDC, dose-dependently reduced acute behavioral response to cocaine (0.015-15 nmol/side with significant effects starting at 1.5nmol/side). The effects of APDC were prevented by intra-mPFC co-injections of an mGluR2/3 antagonist, LY341495 (1.5 nmol/side). Repeated intra-mPFC APDC (1.5 nmol/side) injections also prevented the initiation of behavioral and neurochemical sensitization, which is defined as enhanced nucleus accumbens (NAc) dopamine response to cocaine. Once sensitization was …

Go to article

Impairments In Inhibition Or Cognitive Control In Psychological Disorders, Paula T. Hertel Dec 2007

Impairments In Inhibition Or Cognitive Control In Psychological Disorders, Paula T. Hertel

Psychology Faculty Research

Contributions to this special issue of Applied & Preventive Psychology richly elucidate connections between a variety of psychological disorders and performance in a number of tasks that are used to reason about inhibitory deficits. This commentary calls attention to the different uses of the concept of inhibition - vernacular, neural, operational, and theoretical - and suggests that the term cognitive control avoids claims about dampened memory representations that are difficult to support. Central findings from the reviews are summarized; evidence concerning suppression-induced forgetting is featured and directions to foster application are discussed.

Go to article

Defending Truth: Legal And Psychological Aspects Of Holocaust Denial, Kenneth Lasson Dec 2007

Defending Truth: Legal And Psychological Aspects Of Holocaust Denial, Kenneth Lasson

All Faculty Scholarship

From the still-burning embers of the Holocaust we have come once again to learn the terrible truth, that the power of Evil still lurks among the nations of the world, and cannot be underestimated. Nor can the effect of the spoken and written word, which in modern times must be taken in tandem with the violence of terrorism. Part I describes the background and nature of Holocaust denial, tracing the Nazis' adoption of a plan for the A "Final Solution of the Jewish Problem" through the post-War Nuremberg Trials to the present day. Part II examines the tension between free …

Go to article

Executive Functioning And Memory Performance In Adhd And Asperger's Syndrome, Kristi A. Walen Dec 2007

Executive Functioning And Memory Performance In Adhd And Asperger's Syndrome, Kristi A. Walen

Theses and Dissertations

The diagnosis of ADHD requires the exclusionary criteria for any Pervasive Developmental Disorder (PDD), making it impossible to have comorbid disorders. This study investigated executive function and memory differences between 11 children with Asperger’s syndrome, 13 children with ADHD, and 36 controls, all ranging in age from 7-16 years. Executive function was assessed using Conner’s Continuous Performance Test (CPT), Wisconsin Card Sorting Task (WCST), Tower of London Task (TOL), Trail Making Test, Rey-Osterrieth Complex Figure (ROCF), Grooved Pegboard Test, and the Controlled Oral Word Association Test (COWAT). Memory was assessed using a subtest from the Wide Range Assessment of Memory …

Go to article

Dyadic Relationship Scale: A Measure Of The Impact Of The Provision And Receipt Of Family Care, Margaret Sebern, Carol J. Whitlatch Dec 2007

Dyadic Relationship Scale: A Measure Of The Impact Of The Provision And Receipt Of Family Care, Margaret Sebern, Carol J. Whitlatch

College of Nursing Faculty Research and Publications

Purpose: This study evaluated the psychometric properties of the Dyadic Relationship Scale (DRS), which measures negative and positive dyadic interactions from the perspective of both the patient and the family caregiver. An important aspect of evaluating the DRS was that it be statistically sound and meaningful for both members of the dyad. Design and Methods: The study used a cross-sectional design. Survey packages were mailed to home health care patients and their family caregivers. The unit of analysis was the dyad, and exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses were conducted. We examined the reliability, discriminant, and concurrent validities of the instrument. …

Go to article

Minority Students’ Perspectives On Chemistry In An Alternative High School, Renee Peterson-Beeton Dec 2007

Minority Students’ Perspectives On Chemistry In An Alternative High School, Renee Peterson-Beeton

The Qualitative Report

Latinas/os form the largest minority group in the U.S. and they are growing more rapidly than any other ethnic group in this country. However, the number of Latinas/os in chemistry is not proportional to their population; they are noticeably absent from the physical science fields. Little research has explored the circumstances that Latino students encounter in high school chemistry. In this exploratory study, four Mexican American students and one Native American student were interviewed and observed in a physical science class at an alternative school that enrolled predominantly Latino students. Five underlying themes were found: negative perceptions of science, benefits …

Go to article

The Voice Transcription Technique: Use Of Voice Recognition Software To Transcribe Digital Interview Data In Qualitative Research, Jennifer L. Matheson Dec 2007

The Voice Transcription Technique: Use Of Voice Recognition Software To Transcribe Digital Interview Data In Qualitative Research, Jennifer L. Matheson

The Qualitative Report

Transcribing interview data is a time-consuming task that most qualitative researchers dislike. Transcribing is even more difficult for people with physical limitations because traditional transcribing requires manual dexterity and the ability to sit at a computer for long stretches of time. Researchers have begun to explore using an automated transcription process using digital recordings and voice recognition software (VRS). While VRS has improved in recent years, it is not yet available to the general public in a format that can recognize more than one recorded voice. This article outlines a strategy used to circumvent this problem and improve the speed …

Go to article

Linguistic Research Strategies Versus Quantitative Research Strategies--Different Roles, Different Results, Joseph Yeager, Linda Sommer Dec 2007

Linguistic Research Strategies Versus Quantitative Research Strategies--Different Roles, Different Results, Joseph Yeager, Linda Sommer

The Qualitative Report

Selecting a statistical framework for a behavioral study has profoundly different results than does a linguistically framed research strategy. The linguistic strategy overcomes many limitations inherent in statistical strategies and offers more meaningful results. Inferential statistical studies often discuss how the findings “explain” the results of the study. Seldom mentioned is the fact that statistical explanations occur in terms of the framework of statistical methodology. Statistical explanations do not explain anything in terms of the actual behavior at issue and do not lead to subsequent interventions about the motivated choices for a target group. Linguistic strategies work especially well if …

Go to article

Making Meaning Of Graduate Students’ And Preservice Teachers’ E-Mail Communication In A Community Of Practice, Janet C. Richards, Susan V. Bennett, Kim T. Shea Dec 2007

Making Meaning Of Graduate Students’ And Preservice Teachers’ E-Mail Communication In A Community Of Practice, Janet C. Richards, Susan V. Bennett, Kim T. Shea

The Qualitative Report

This inquiry examined graduate students ’ and preservice teachers’ e-mail communication as they made decisions about supporting the instructional needs of children at-risk in a community of practice summer literacy camp. The correspondence gradually evolved from impersonal to interpersonal communication over a ten-week time span, and influenced the preservice teachers’ responses. S even themes were identified in the graduate students’ messages that ranged from questioning and complaining to promoting collaboration. The study illuminates the developmental stages of interpersonal relationships and demonstrates the reciprocal nature of interactive dialogue through the medium of e-mail communication. Conclusions are that long-term e-mail exchanges can …

Go to article

Entre La Ra Ź On Y La Pasión: La Intimidad Sexual En Parejas Heterosexuales Ante La Empresa Preventiva Del Vih/Sida, Domingo J. Marqués Reyes, Sheilla Rodríguez Madera, Leida Matías Carrelo Dec 2007

Entre La Ra Ź On Y La Pasión: La Intimidad Sexual En Parejas Heterosexuales Ante La Empresa Preventiva Del Vih/Sida, Domingo J. Marqués Reyes, Sheilla Rodríguez Madera, Leida Matías Carrelo

The Qualitative Report

This article establishes heterosexual relationships as spaces out of control and, from Foucault’s view of power, positions them as answer to the discourses generated by society to control sexuality. This qualitative study included 20 Puerto Rican couples (11 seroconcordant and 9 serodiscordant) with the objective of identifying variables related to relationship satisfaction with sexual intimacy among women living with HIV/AIDS. Results evidence how in many instances sexual relations are, in fact, moments where passion precedes reason. By involving in high risk behavior, they ignore the preventive enterprise, distance themselves from reason and imposing passion. We come to conclusions about social …

Go to article

Pre-Service Teachers’ Perceptions Of Asynchronous Online Discussion On Blackboard, Hsin-Te Yeh, Maria Lahman Dec 2007

Pre-Service Teachers’ Perceptions Of Asynchronous Online Discussion On Blackboard, Hsin-Te Yeh, Maria Lahman

The Qualitative Report

The purpose of this phenomenological study was to understand students’ perceptions of using asynchronous on line discussion as a learning tool. Six pre-service teachers who took a course in educational technology applications for secondary grades at a Rocky Mountain region mid-sized university were selected to be interviewed. Phenomenological data analysis was used to analyze the interview data. The interviewees’ perceptions of the asynchronous on line discussions centered around purposes, group size, tools for learning, advantages/disadvantages, and the instructor’s role. The findings of this study provide instructors with helpful information on how students perceive asynchronous online discussion and also provide instructors …

Go to article

First Prev Next Last