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Attributes Of Meaningful Learning Experiences In An Outdoor Education Program, Stacy T. Taniguchi, Patti A. Freeman, A. Legrand Richards

Faculty Publications

This phenomenological study sought to identify the attributes of meaningful learning experiences as found in an outdoor education program. Thirteen students in the Wilderness Writing Program at Brigham Young University were the sample of this study. Their participation in outdoor recreational activities and their reflections about their experiences were analyzed. Through written journal entries, group discussions, observations, and writing assignments, a qualitative analysis identified attributes that occurred in their meaningful learning experiences. Meaningful learning was defined as a realization of a person's weaknesses, strengths, and potentials. This realization came through experiences with attributes of a degree of perceived risk, which …

Richmond Law Magazine: Winter 2007

Richmond Law Magazine

Features:

Creative Balance: Intellectual Property and Free Expression

Hanging a Shingle in Cairo: Practice Among the Pyramids Brings Rewards, Challenges

From the Streets to a GED: Law Students Volunteer for Offender GED Program

Modeling The Dynamics Of Tritrophic Population Interactions, Andrew Paul Gutierrez, Johann Baumgärtner

All Peer-Reviewed Publications

Introduction Increasingly, population modeling and systems analysis are being used to examine the complex issues that are at the heart of CP/IPM (crop production and integrated pest management) and biological control. The design of economically sound and sustainable crop management strategies requires a thorough understanding of the whole production system including arthropod pests, pathogens, and weeds. More than three decades ago, Huffaker and Croft (1976) stressed the need to rely on systems analysis and interdisciplinary collaboration to accomplish this task. Soon the question arose as to how mathematical techniques employed in the analysis of physical systems could be adapted to …

Susceptibility Of Non-Target Aquatic Macro-Invertebrates And Vertebrates To Piper Guineense (Piperaceae) And Spilanthes Mauritiana (Asteraceae) Powder In Kilifi District, Kenya, Spala Oduor Ohaga, I. O. Ndiege, S. S. Kubasu, J. C. Beier, C. M. Mbogo

All Peer-Reviewed Publications

Powders of Piper guineense and Spilanthes mauritiana, potential mosquito larvicides, were assessed to determine their impact on non-target aquatic macro-invertebrates and vertebrates. Field tests were conducted in Kilifi District Kenya on field populations of damselfly nymph (Gomphilidae), dragonfly nymph (Coenagrionidae), macro-dytiscids, micro-dytiscids (Dystiscidae), notonectids (Notonectidae), freshwater shrimps (Palaemonidae), tadpoles (Ranidae) and tilapia fish (Cichhdae). Artifical habitats were sampled and populations determined before and after application of the plant powder. Four doses (8.571, 5.714, 2.875 and 1.429 g L-1), were used in the trials and mortalities monitored after 24, 48 and 72 h. After 24 h, at 1.429 g L -1 …

Environmental Abundance Of Anopheles (Diptera: Culicidae) Larval Habitats On Land Cover Change Sites In Karima Village, Mwea Rice Scheme, Kenya, Benjamin G. Jacob, Ephantus Muturi, Patrick Halbig, Joseph Mwangangi, R. K. Wanjogu, Enock Mpanga, Jose Funes, Josephat Shililu, John Githure, James L. Regens, Robert J. Novak

All Peer-Reviewed Publications

A study was carried out at Karima Village in the Mwea Rice Irrigation Scheme in Kenya to assess the impact of rice husbandry and associated land cover change for mosquito larval abundance. A multi-temporal, land use land cover (LULC) classification dataset incorporating distributions of Anopheles arabiensis aquatic larval habitats was produced in ERDAS Imagine version 8.7 using combined images from IKONOS at 4m spatial resolution from 2005 and Landsat Thematic Mapper (TM)™ classification data at 30-meters spatial resolution from 1988 for Karima. Of 207 larval habitats sampled, most were either canals (53.4%) or paddies (45.9%), and only one habitat was …

Larval Habitat Dynamics And Diversity Of Culex Mosquitoes In Rice Agro-Ecosystem In Mwea, Kenya, Ephantus J. Muturi, Josephat I. Shililu, Weidong Gu, Benjamin G. Jacob, John I. Githure, Robert J. Novak

All Peer-Reviewed Publications

Introduction of irrigation projects in developing nations has often been blamed for aggravating the problem of mosquito-borne diseases by creating ideal larval habitats for vector mosquitoes. However, whereas several studies have demonstrated the relationship between malaria vectors and irrigation, little work has been done on culicine mosquitoes despite their potential in transmission of filariasis and arboviruses and their significant biting nuisance in these areas. This study examined the diversity of Culex mosquito fauna and their larval habitats at two sites (Murinduko and Kiamachiri) in Mwea, Kenya over a 12-month period. The habitat types present at each site within a 200-meter …

Potential Of A Brazilian Population Of The Predatory Mite Phytoseiulus Longipes As A Biological Control Agent Of Tetranychus Evansi (Acari: Phytoseiidae, Tetranychidae), I. P. Furtado, G. J.De Moraes, S. Kreiter, M. S. Tixier, M. Knapp

All Peer-Reviewed Publications

Tetranychus evansi Baker and Pritchard, is a key pest of tomato in Africa. Surveys have been conducted in the last few years to search for predators associated with this pest in Brazil for introduction into Africa. Biological parameters of Phytoseiulus longipes Evans, one of the predators found in those surveys, were evaluated when it was exposed to different food items, including T. evansi, in laboratory tests. The predator had about the same oviposition rate on T. evansi and on Tetranychus urticae Koch; it did not oviposite when fed on pollen of Ricinus communis L. or Typha sp. When given the …

Nutrient Contents Of Pride Of Barbados (Caesalpinia Pulcherrima Linn.) Seeds, A. A. Yusuf, B. M. Mofio, A. B. Ahmed

All Peer-Reviewed Publications

Physical parameters and nutrient contents of the whole seeds and seed nuts of Caesalpinia pulcherrima L. were determined using gravimetric, Spectrophotometric and titrimetric method of analyses. Organic matter was high in both whole seeds and seed nuts 93.78-95.50 %, followed by dry matter 90.95-92.70 %. Crude protein was between 42.97-48.08%, carbohydrate was found to be 18.30-39.10%, crude fibre was between 5.98-9.06 %, crude lipid 5.65-6.0 %, and moisture content was between 7.30-9.05 % in whole seeds and seed nuts respectively. Abundance of mineral elements in whole seeds and seed nuts of C. pulcherrima were found to be in the order: …

Antibacterial Activity Of Apis Mellifera L. Propolis Collected In Three Regions Of Kenya, Elliud M. Muli, J. M. Maingi

All Peer-Reviewed Publications

The present study aimed at investigating the susceptibility of the microorganisms Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Salmonella typhi, Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, and Bacillus subtilis to ethanolic extracts of propolis (EEP) from three regions of Kenya (Taita, Tana and Samburu). Propolis was extracted using four different concentrations of ethanol: pure, 70%, 50%, and 30%. Ethanol (70%) and Streptomycin were used as controls. The agar diffusion method using filter paper disks was employed. Antibacterial activity was determined as an equivalent of the inhibition zones diameters (in millimeters) after incubation at 37°C for 24h. Significant differences in the antibacterial activities of propolis were observed among …

Retrospective Analysis Of Epiphyte Assemblages In Relation To Seagrass Loss In A Eutrophic Coastal Embayment, Ml Cambridge, Jr How, Paul Lavery, Ma Vanderklift

Research outputs pre 2011

This is a retrospective study of shifts in species composition of epiphytic macroalgae that occurred during a period of seagrass loss in Cockburn Sound, Western Australia. Detailed analysis of data on relative abundances of 108 epiphytic taxa collected over 2 yr from 27 widely dispersed sites around Cockburn Sound showed differences in epiphyte composition between sites with loss of seagrasses (Loss sites) and those with no loss in the the long-term (No Loss sites). Future seagrass losses, however, were not predicted by shifts in species composition. Most species were rare and varied with season of sampling. Hence, varying assemblages of …

Effect Of Leaf Movement On Epiphytic Algal Biomass Of Seagrass Leaves, Paul Lavery, Tara Reid, Glenn Hyndes, Beverley Van Elven

Research outputs pre 2011

We tested the hypothesis that the movement of seagrass leaves affects the accumulation and composition of algal epiphytes by comparing the standing crop and composition on tethered (T) and untethered (UT) artificial seagrass units (ASUs) over 4 and 8 wk. We also tested whether any effect of leaf movement on standing crop was dependent on the degree of water movement by repeating the experiment over 8 wk at sheltered and exposed sites. To eliminate the possibility of inter-regional differences between exposed and sheltered sites and to test for interactive effects of light availability and leaf movement on epiphyte biomass, we …

Effects Of Experimental Reduction Of Light Availability On The Seagrass Amphibolis Griffithii, P Mackey, Cj Collier, Paul Lavery

Research outputs pre 2011

The response of the meadow-forming seagrass Amphibolis griffithii (Black) den Hartog to light reduction was examined over a 3 mo period and a subsequent 1 mo recovery period. Morphological and physiological variables were measured in meadows subjected to an average reduction in photosynthetic photon flux density (PPFD) of 88% relative to unshaded controls. Leaf biomass, leaf cluster density and the number of leaves per cluster all declined in shaded plots, and after 3 mo were about 30, 50 and 60% of the controls, respectively. Leaf extension was one-third that of the control plots. Epiphyte biomass in shaded plots was 44% …

Morphological, Growth And Meadow Characteristics Of The Seagrass Posidonia Sinuosa Along A Depth-Related Gradient Of Light Availability, Cj Collier, Paul Lavery, Rj Masini, Pj Ralph

Research outputs pre 2011

Morphological and growth characteristics of the meadow-forming seagrass Posidonia sinuosa (Cambridge et Kuo), were measured along a depth-related gradient of light to infer its response to long-term differences in light availability. Morphometric measurements were carried out at 6 depths between 1.6 and 9.0 m in summer and winter at Cockburn Sound and summer only at Warnbro Sound in south-western Australia. The minimum light requirement for P. sinuosa of 8.5% sub-surface light was among the lower range reported for seagrasses. Its slow growth rate (0.5–1.5 mgdry shoot–1 d–1), relative to similarly sized species, may contribute to the low light requirements of …

Design-Based Research And Doctoral Students: Guidelines For Preparing A Dissertation Proposal, J Herrington, S Mckenney, T Reeves, Ron Oliver

Research outputs pre 2011

At first glance, design-based research may appear to be such a long-term and intensive approach to educational inquiry that doctoral students, most of whom expect to complete their Ph.D. degree in 4-5 years, should not attempt to adopt this approach for their doctoral dissertations. In this paper, we argue that design-based research is feasible for doctoral students, and that candidates should be encouraged to engage in it. More specifically, we describe the components of a dissertation proposal or prospectus that utilizes design-based research methods in the context of educational technology research.

Hybrid Training With Binary Search Protocol For Wireless Sensor Networks, Ruzana Ishak, Qingwen Xu, Stephan Olariu, Shaharuddin Salleh

Computer Science Faculty Publications

Locationing problem in Wireless Sensor Networks(WSN) can be viewed as a general distributed sensor problem. It is with sensors that can discover other nodes or estimate ranges between nodes. that serve as position references. In this paper. we show that sensors acquire coarse-grain location awareness by the training protocol. The training protocol which hybrids the synchronization and training procedure. In this protocol, synchronization and training are combined into one scheme. The sink node sends two beacons in each slot instead of one. In the training, sensor searching for its location using a binary search scheme. Our simulation results shown less …

Heat Shock Protein 90: A Potential Therapeutic Target In Leukemic Progenitor And Stem Cells Harboring Mutant Bcr-Abl Resistant To Kinase Inhibitors, C Peng, Dongguang Li, L Shaoguang

Research outputs pre 2011

Development of drug resistance has become a major obstacle for tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) in the treatment of Philadelphia chromosome-positive (Ph+) chronic myelogenous leukemia (CML) and other cancers. The BCR-ABL-T315I mutant does not respond to clinically available TKIs, although some newly developed anti-BCR-ABL-T315I TKIs are now being tested in patients. TKIs transiently inhibit kinase activity of BCR-ABL, but do not reduce the level of the BCR-ABL protein. Elimination of mutant BCR-ABL protein would provide a new therapeutic strategy for treating Ph+ leukemia. We recently showed that inhibition of heat shock protein 90 (Hsp90) by a novel Hsp90 inhibitor, IPI-504, causes …

Axon And Dendrite Geography Predict The Specificity Of Synaptic Connections In A Functioning Spinal Cord Network, Wc Li, T Cooke, B Sautois, Et Al

School of Engineering, Computing and Mathematics

Background: How specific are the synaptic connections formed as neuronal networks develop and can simple rules account for the formation of functioning circuits? These questions are assessed in the spinal circuits controlling swimming in hatchling frog tadpoles. This is possible because detailed information is now available on the identity and synaptic connections of the main types of neuron. Results: The probabilities of synapses between 7 types of identified spinal neuron were measured directly by making electrical recordings from 500 pairs of neurons. For the same neuron types, the dorso-ventral distributions of axons and dendrites were measured and then used to …

Evolution Of Prehension Ability In An Anthropomorphic Neurorobotic Arm, G Massera

School of Engineering, Computing and Mathematics

In this paper, we show how a simulated anthropomorphic robotic arm controlled by an artificial neural network can develop effective reaching and grasping behaviour through a trial and error process in which the free parameters encode the control rules which regulate the fine-grained interaction between the robot and the environment and variations of the free parameters are retained or discarded on the basis of their effects at the level of the global behaviour exhibited by the robot situated in the environment. The obtained results demonstrate how the proposed methodology allows the robot to produce effective behaviours thanks to its ability …

Biological Status Of Leatherside Chub: A Framework For Conservation Of Western Freshwater Fishes, Mark C. Belk, Jerald B. Johnson

Faculty Publications

Outside of anadromous salmonids and a few endangered species, biology of native freshwater fishes of western North America is poorly known. What do we need to know to effectively manage native species and avoid decline and extinction? A recent analysis of the role of science in the Pacific salmon controversy outlines a clear framework for biological evaluation and management of native species. This framework has three components: (1) determine status of populations based on genetic and ecological variation, (2) identify and quantify threats to populations, and (3) determine actions to alleviate threats and promote conservation of populations. We use our …

Analysis Of Supercritical Stratified Tidal Flow In A Scottish Fjord, Nataliya Stashchuk, Mark Inali, Vasiliy Vlasenko

School of Biological and Marine Sciences

The baroclinic tidal regime of the fjord Loch Etive (Scotland) is studied. Analysis is performed on the basis of both in situ data and numerical simulations, with the use of a fully nonlinear nonhydrostatic fine-resolution model. It was found that the crest of the sill that separates Loch Etive into inner and outer parts is subjected to a supercritical flow regime with maximum Froude numbers in excess of 5. Strong supercritical conditions lead to the formation of flow separation just above the sill's crest. As is inherent to jet-type fjordic systems, this, in turn, leads to a weak nonlinear baroclinic …

Planktic Foraminifera From The Proposed Gssp For The Oxfordian Stage: Redcliff Point, Near Weymouth, M.B. Hart, T. Aze, W. Hudson, C.W. Smart

School of Geography, Earth and Environmental Sciences

In the course of the stratigraphical and palaeontological investigations for the Global Stratotype Section and Point (GSSP) for the base of the Oxfordian Stage at Recicliff (near Weymouth) an assemblage of planktic foraminifera has been described. Planktic foraminifera are exceptionally rare in the Jurassic of the United Kingdom and only a few records have been reported in the last few years. At Redcliff, the assemblage is preserved as pyrite steinkerns, but the fauna contains a number of morphotypes which match onto known species from this interval (Globuligerina oxfordiana, Compactogerina stellapolaris) while others have no described species to which they can …

Predictive Oncology: A Review Of Multidisciplinary, Multiscale In Silico Modeling Linking Phenotype, Morphology And Growth, Sandeep Sanga, Hermann B. Frieboes, Xiaoming Zheng, Robert Gatenby, Elaine L. Bearer, Vittorio Cristini

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Empirical evidence and theoretical studies suggest that the phenotype, i.e., cellular- and molecular-scale dynamics, including proliferation rate and adhesiveness due to microenvironmental factors and gene expression that govern tumor growth and invasiveness, also determine gross tumor-scale morphology. It has been difficult to quantify the relative effect of these links on disease progression and prognosis using conventional clinical and experimental methods and observables. As a result, successful individualized treatment of highly malignant and invasive cancers, such as glioblastoma, via surgical resection and chemotherapy cannot be offered and outcomes are generally poor. What is needed is a deterministic, quantifiable method to enable …

Computer Simulation Of Glioma Growth And Morphology, Hermann B. Frieboes, John S Lowengrub, S Wise, X Zheng, Paul Macklin, Elaine L. Bearer, Vittorio Cristini

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Despite major advances in the study of glioma, the quantitative links between intra-tumor molecular/cellular properties, clinically observable properties such as morphology, and critical tumor behaviors such as growth and invasiveness remain unclear, hampering more effective coupling of tumor physical characteristics with implications for prognosis and therapy. Although molecular biology, histopathology, and radiological imaging are employed in this endeavor, studies are severely challenged by the multitude of different physical scales involved in tumor growth, i.e., from molecular nanoscale to cell microscale and finally to tissue centimeter scale. Consequently, it is often difficult to determine the underlying dynamics across dimensions. New techniques …

All In The Family: Atypical Hsp70 Chaperones Are Conserved Modulators Of Hsp70 Activity, Lance Shaner, Kevin A Morano

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Divergent relatives of the Hsp70 protein chaperone such as the Hsp110 and Grp170 families have been recognized for some time, yet their biochemical roles remained elusive. Recent work has revealed that these "atypical" Hsp70s exist in stable complexes with classic Hsp70s where they exert a powerful nucleotide-exchange activity that synergizes with Hsp40/DnaJ-type cochaperones to dramatically accelerate Hsp70 nucleotide cycling. This represents a novel evolutionary transition from an independent protein-folding chaperone to what appears to be a dedicated cochaperone. Contributions of the atypical Hsp70s to established cellular roles for Hsp70 now must be deciphered.

Deep-Sea Coral Distribution On Seamounts, Oceanic Islands, And Continental Slopes In The Northeast Atlantic, J Hall-Spencer, A Rogers, J Davies, A Foggo

School of Biological and Marine Sciences

A database of deep-water (> 200 m) antipatharians, scleractinians, and gorgonians has been assembled for the NE Atlantic to determine what their distribution and diversity was before coral habitats became heavily impacted by bottom fishing gear. Benthic sampling expeditions from 1868–1985 have provided 2547 records showing the deepwater distribution of 22 species of antipatharians, 68 species of scleractinians, and 83 species of gorgonians with the majority of records found from seamounts, oceanic islands, and the continental slope of the warm temperate region. Too little is known about the coral biota of boreal and tropical seamounts to assess their levels of …

Physicians And Torture: Lessons From The Nazi Doctors, Michael Grodin, George J. Annas

Faculty Scholarship

How is it possible? What are the personal, professional and political contexts that allow physicians to use their skills to torture and kill rather than heal? What are the psychological characteristics and the social, cultural and political factors that predispose physicians to participate in human rights abuses? What can be done to recognize at-risk situations and attempt to provide corrective or preventive strategies? This article examines case studies from Nazi Germany in an attempt to answer these questions. Subjects discussed include the psychology of the individual perpetrator, dehumanization, numbing, splitting, omnipotence, medicalization, group dynamics, obedience to authority, diffusion of responsibility, …

Alternatives To Prescriptive Regulation Of Workplace Health And Safety, Michael S. Baram

Faculty Scholarship

Many promises to advance occupational safety and health have been made by developed nations. Expressed in the “hard law” of legislation are promises to regulate employers and workplaces, and to hold employers accountable when they do not comply. However, problems arise when regulators try to transform the promises into performance.

Relations Between Personality And Coping: A Meta-Analysis, Jennifer K. Connor-Smith, Celeste Flachsbart

Faculty Publications - Doctor of Psychology (PsyD) Program

Personality may directly facilitate or constrain coping, but relations of personality to coping have been inconsistent across studies, suggesting a need for greater attention to methods and samples. This meta-analysis tested moderators of relations between Big Five personality traits and coping using 2,653 effect sizes drawn from 165 samples and 33,094 participants. Personality was weakly related to broad coping (e.g., Engagement or Disengagement), but all 5 traits predicted specific strategies. Extraversion and Conscientiousness predicted more problem-solving and cognitive restructuring, Neuroticism less. Neuroticism predicted problematic strategies like wishful thinking, withdrawal, and emotion-focused coping but, like Extraversion, also predicted support seeking. Personality …

World Religions And The Vegetarian Diet, Jo Ann Davidson

Perspective Digest

No abstract provided.

Origins And Mariner 10 (Faith & Science Update), John T. Baldwin

Perspective Digest

No abstract provided.