Digital Commons Network^™

Village Health Workers Improve Child Health: The Jamkhed, India Experience, A. Crandall, J. S. Job, P. N. Singh, S. R. Arole, R. S. R. Arole

International Journal of Global Health and Health Disparities

OBJECTIVE: To assess the effect of the three-decade old Comprehensive Rural Health Project (CRHP) on morbidity, mortality, immunization rates, and health care utilization among children under 5 years of age in Jamkhed, Central India. METHODS: We conducted a cross-sectional survey of a stratified, cluster sample of 879 children (under-fives) in 15 Jamkhed villages served by CRHP. CRHP has a three-tiered primary health care model that comprises a tertiary care facility, a mobile health program supporting 30 subcenters, and community-based health workers.

FINDINGS: We found a prevalence of diarrhea [6.4%, 95% CI: 4.0%-8.8%], measles [2.3%, 95% CI: 0%-5.6%], tuberculosis [0.3%, 95% …

Uab Magazine - Fall 2007, University Of Alabama At Birmingham

UAB Magazine

No abstract provided.

The Use Of Drug Testing To Police Sex And Gender In The Olympic Games, Haley K. Olsen-Acre

Michigan Journal of Gender & Law

Part I of this Article discusses the history and development of sex testing and drug testing and argues that the two are both historically and ideologically linked. Part II examines the current Code in detail and argues that the Code's focus on hormone-based controls acts to police sex and gender in Olympic athletes, thereby extending historical sex testing practices to a new era. This Article ultimately concludes that without recognizing and addressing the need for further research into the role of "sex" hormones in the body and the interplay of social context and biological circumstances, the IOC cannot maintain an …

Chevron's Demise: A Survey Of Chevron From Infancy To Senescence, Linda Jellum

Articles

No abstract provided.

The Status Of Childhood Lead Poisoning And Prevention In Nevada, Usa, Anne Rothweiler, Elena E. Cabb, Shawn Gerstenberger

Environmental & Global Health Faculty Research

One of the first steps in addressing the problem of childhood lead poisoning is to identify the possible sources of exposure in specific communities and target high-risk populations with appropriate interventions. Due to several factors, such as lack of funding and lack of blood lead reporting, little information exists regarding the occurrence of childhood lead poisoning and the prevalence of potential exposure sources in the state of Nevada. Following the recent establishment of a Nevada-based Lead Poisoning Program, we compiled the most current information available on Nevadans, and use this knowledge to suggest future research objectives and outreach activities for …

A Statistical Approach To Understanding Microcosm Methods For Microbially Mediated Dechlorination Of Trichloroethene In Bedrock Aquifers, Stephen J. Druschel

Doctoral Dissertations

Microcosms were evaluated using statistical methods to advance the measurement and characterization abilities for in situ reductive dechlorination of trichloroethene (TCE) in fractured rock aquifers. Microcosms constructed with unincubated crushed rock in groundwater provided the best microcosm model of in situ TCE degradation, when prepared and incubated to simulate the in situ environment. Microcosms constructed with only groundwater were effective at modeling the TCE degradation only when the microcosms were amended with (total) organic carbon (TOC). Incubation of crushed rock core within the residual TCE plume caused a substantial decline in TCE degradation for biotic intrinsic microcosms, suggesting an effect …

Glycoprotein Hormone Receptors In Sea Lamprey (Petromyzon Marinus): Identification, Characterization And Implications For The Evolution Of The Vertebrate Hypothalamic-Pituitary-Gonadal/Thyroid Axes, Mihael Freamat

Doctoral Dissertations

The vertebrate hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal (HPG) and hypothalamic-pituitary-thyroid (HPT) endocrine axes involve specific interaction between pituitary glycoprotein hormones GpH (lutropin LH, follitropin FSH, thyrotropin TSH) and glycoprotein hormone receptors GpH-R (LH-R, FSH-R and TSH-R respectively).

GpHs and GpH-Rs originate in a common ancestral ligand/receptor pair. Their duplications were followed by divergent evolution resulting in the emergence of a novel, pituitary/peripheral gland control level. It is estimated that this occurred more than 500 million years ago (mya), before or concomitant with the divergence of the jawed vertebrates (Gnathostomes) lineage from their jawless (Agnathan) ancestors. This coincides with the estimated time of divergence of …

Spatial Aspects Of Infant Mortality And Informal Workers: The Case Of Ceara State -Brazil, Ricardo Soares

Doctoral Dissertations

High levels of infant mortality and high participation of informal workers in the labor market are living conditions faced by many developing countries. In Ceara State - Brazil, their trends during the last three decades have followed opposite directions. Whereas infant mortality has decreased substantially since the 1980s, suggesting that the country is on the right path to development, the labor market has presented increasing levels of informality, which challenges traditional theories of development. The essays of this thesis aim to investigate some aspects of these two phenomena. In particular, the first essay offers an approach to analyze if the …

Learning What Works: Demonstrating Practice Effectiveness With Children And Families Through Retrospective Investigation, Daria V. Hanssen, Irwin Epstein

Journal of Family Strengths

Intensive family preservation services (IFPS), designed to stabilize at-risk families and avert out-of-home care, have been the focus of many randomized, experimental studies. Employing a retrospective “clinical data-mining” (CDM) methodology (Epstein, 2001), this study makes use of available information extracted from client records in one IFPS agency over the course of two years. The primary goal of this descriptive and associational study was to gain a clearer understanding of IFPS service delivery and effectiveness. Interventions provided to families are delineated and assessed for their impact on improved family functioning, their impact on the reduction of family violence, as well as …

Why "Managing" Biodiversity Will Fail: An Alternative Approach To Sustainable Exploitation For International Law, Kyle Ash

Animal Law Review

The role of humans in mass extinctions necessitates an assessment of the collective human psychology responsible for the degradation of Earth’s life support systems. In this paper, the Author will cite instruments and discourse relevant to international environmental law to illustrate how an antiquated conception of biological hierarchies is condoned whenever other species are mentioned. As reflected in the law, humans do not just believe we are existentially unconnected with the rest of life, but that we have more right to live on the planet. This, ironically, allows us to rationalize activities that destroy the planet, even for ourselves. Nature …

Emerging Near-Real Time Forage Monitoring Technology With Application To Large Herbivore Management In Mongolia, Dennis P. Sheehy, Jerry W. Stuth, Douglas E. Johnson, Jay Angerer, Douglas Tolleson

Erforschung biologischer Ressourcen der Mongolei / Exploration into the Biological Resources of Mongolia, ISSN 0440-1298

Large herbivore livestock and wildlife in Mongolia depend almost entirely for substance on forage standing crop produced each year on natural pastureland. Consequently, both livestock and wildlife are continuously subject to environmental risk, especially drought and severe winter storms, while livestock are also subject to financial risk. As consumption-based livestock production changes to commercialized livestock production, steps taken by the livestock herder to avert both environmental and financial risk to livestock can increase environmental risk to large wild herbivores. A realistic and workable pastureland and risk management system will be critical for conservation of large herbivore habitat. New technologies are …

Feeding Ecology Of Asiatic Wild Ass Equus Hemionus, Jochen Lengger, Frieda Tataruch, Christian Walzer

Erforschung biologischer Ressourcen der Mongolei / Exploration into the Biological Resources of Mongolia, ISSN 0440-1298

The Mongolian wild ass or khulan (Equus hemionus) is a potential competitor for forage to reintroduced Przewalski’s horses. To evaluate the major foraging plants of khulan we chose the alkane method that was first described by Mayes in 1984. Different plant species contain varying amounts and proportions of n-alkanes. This fact allows the determination of diet composition by comparing the plant alkane to the fecal alkane pattern. The major advantage is that the method is non-invasive and has been shown to be a reliable method in captive trials. Fecal and plant samples were collected simultaneously and preserved by …

Assessment Of Non-Metric Skull Characters And Age Determination In The Asiatic Wild Ass Equus Hemionus: A Methodological Approach, Hermann Ansorge, Annegret Stubbe, Nyamsuren Batsaikhan, Ravčigijn Samjaa, Michael Stubbe

Erforschung biologischer Ressourcen der Mongolei / Exploration into the Biological Resources of Mongolia, ISSN 0440-1298

The report presents the first information on the use of non-metric skull characters and age determination by tooth section for Asiatic wild asses. It was initiated by a collection of more than 400 skulls of the Asiatic wild ass from the Bordzongijn-Gobi 2002-2004. The methodological overview gives a first research prospect in Asiatic Wild Ass concerning the use of non-metric skull characters as a morphological tool for assessing genetic variability, determining epigenetic divergences and evaluating fluctuating asymmetry. The time course of tooth eruption and replacement in the Asiatic wild ass is described with regard to its use for age determination. …

Semi-Wild Population Of Kulans In The Bukhara Breeding Centre And Their Co-Habitation With Przewalski’S Horses, Karim Bahloul, Olga B. Pereladova, Natalia V. Soldatova, Ekaterina V. Sidorenko, Antoine J. Sempere

Erforschung biologischer Ressourcen der Mongolei / Exploration into the Biological Resources of Mongolia, ISSN 0440-1298

Asiatic wild asses and Przewalski's horses initially inhabited steppe, semi-desert and desert areas, but Przewalski's horses became extinct in the wild, and kulans are under threat of disappearance. The Bukhara Breeding Centre (Uzbekistan) was created in 1976 for conservation and reintroduction of wild ungulate species. In 1977-1978, five kulans (two males and three females) from Barsa-Kelmes Island on the Aral lake were introduced to the reserve. The group increased to 25-30 animals in 1995-1998, when five Przewalski's horses from Moscow and St. Petersburg zoos were introduced to the same territory. We analyzed the home ranges, preferred habitats and social interactions …

Review Of Plant Breeding: The Arnel R. Hallauer International Symposium., Jianming Yu

Great Plains Research: A Journal of Natural and Social Sciences (through 2013)

This book is a compilation of papers presented at The Arnel R. Hallauer international Symposium on Plant Breeding in Mexico City on August 17-22, 2003. As the title indicates, the symposium was held to honor Dr. Arnel Hallauer, a great plant breeder, scientist, and teacher. The book discusses the past and present status of plant breeding worldwide and presents various perspectives about the future of this life-altering discipline. In 27 chapters, it documents the history, accomplishments, and challenges of plant breeding as a discipline as well as its methods in many different crop species.

Prairie Sandreed Response To Preceding-Year Defoliation And Precipitation Regime, Patrick E. Reece, Justin W. Morris, Walter H. Schacht, Ann E. Koehler, Jerry D. Vole Sky, Lowell E. Moser

Great Plains Research: A Journal of Natural and Social Sciences (through 2013)

Knowledge of how current-year grazing and drought stress affect subsequent-year herbage production is needed to enhance the management of semiarid Sandhills prairies. This study quantifies subsequent- year effects of defoliation and precipitation on prairie sandreed (Calamovilfa longijolia), a high-seral, warm-season tallgrass, and total graminoid herbage production in the Nebraska Sandhills. Mainplots (9.0 m2) received either ambient precipitation (noncovered) or precipitation was excluded during April-May, June-July, or August-September, resulting in 66% to 135% of the long-term average (434 mm) precipitation. All species in 1.0 m2 defoliated subplots were clipped in early July at the stubble height required for 30%, …

The Abcs Of Fractal Thinking In Higher Education, Edward Nuhfer

To Improve the Academy: A Journal of Educational Development

All learning establishes and often stabilizes neural networks in the brain. These carry both cognitive and affective attributes and have fractal form. Fractal networks produce many actions and products that exhibit fractal qualities. Awareness of such qualities provides a unifying key to understanding and applying educational knowledge. It represents a marked shift in perception that differs from thinking customarily employed in considering information as a specialist. This alternate perspective helps professionals in higher education draw on diverse information from specialty research and apply it more effectively.

Childhood Apraxia Of Speech: A Parent's Guide, Alexis Mimikos

Senior Honors Theses and Projects

No abstract provided.

African American Female College And University Presidents: Experiences And Perceptions Of Barriers To The Presidency, Sandra Jackson, Sandra Harris

Journal of Women in Educational Leadership

This study was an investigation of the experiences and perceptions of barriers to the presidency of 43 African American female college and university presidents. Findings suggested that exclusion from informal networks, lack of preparation and lack of career goals were primary barriers. Strategies to overcome these barriers included exceeding job expectations, being visible and developing leadership skills. Mentoring was also suggested as a way to overcome barriers.

The Racialization Of Jimi Hendrix, Marcus K. Adams

Senior Honors Theses and Projects

The period of history immediately following World War Two was a time of intense social change. The end of colonialism, the internal struggles of newly emerging independent nations in Africa, social and political changes across Europe, armed conflict in Southeast Asia, and the civil rights movement in America were just a few. Although many of the above conflicts have been in the making for quite some time, they seemed to unite to form a socio-political cultural revolution known as the 60s, the effects of which continues to this day.

The 1960s was a particularly intense time for race relations in …

Eastern Michigan University Undergraduate Catalog, 2007 - 2009, Office Of The Registrar

Undergraduate Catalogs

No abstract provided.

Comparison Of Quality Of Life In Diabetics Using Insulin Injection Therapy Versus Subcutaneous Insulin Infusion Therapy, Katie Michele Reynolds

Master's Theses and Doctoral Dissertations

The goal of this study was to determine the effectiveness of insulin delivered via multiple injections or by infusion via a pump on the quality of life in adult insulin-dependent diabetics. Four parameters, namely hemoglobin A1C (3 month average blood sugar levels), self-reported healthy eating habits demonstrated by consumption of 3 meals/3 snacks everyday, frequency of exercise of daily 30 min or longer duration and opinion of quality of life, were evaluated in patients receiving either insulin injections or infusion.

Pump users reported enhanced eating and exercise behaviors and feeling in good health, compared with patients receiving injections. In contrast, …

Parent Food Purchases As A Measure Of Exposure And Its Effects On Preschool-Aged Children's Willingness To Identify And Taste Fruit And Vegetables, Deborah Brzys Busick

Master's Theses and Doctoral Dissertations

No abstract provided.

Academic Program Review: Policies, Principles And Procedures, Unm Academic Program Review

UNM Academic Program Review

University principles policies and procedures regarding accreditation.

Index To The Senate Journal State Of Colorado: Sixty-Sixth General Assembly First Regular Session, Colorado General Assembly

Colorado House and Senate Journals

No abstract provided.

Research Summary: Characteristics Of Exemplary Schools For Young Adolescents, P. Gayle Andrews, Micki M. Caskey, Vincent A. Anfara Jr.

Curriculum and Instruction Faculty Publications and Presentations

Two dangers are associated with any list purporting to include the characteristics of exemplary schools for young adolescents. One danger is a perception that the list is exhaustive—that it includes everything that needs to be considered. In reality, a list cannot capture the subtleties and complexities of schooling. A second danger is that each component will be seen as somehow self-contained, something that can be addressed in isolation. Instead, research demonstrates that the characteristics listed above are “an interacting and interdependent group of practices that form a unified whole… [that] must be dealt with holistically, systemically, to ensure success” (Jackson …

Estimating Nutrient Uptake By Mature Tree Roots Under Field Conditions: Challenges And Opportunities, Melissa S. Lucash, Dave M. Eissenstat, J. Devereux Joslin, Karis J. Mcfarlane, Ruth D. Yanai

Environmental Science and Management Faculty Publications and Presentations

Nutrient uptake by roots of mature trees is difficult to measure accurately under field conditions using existing methods. In this review, we discuss current techniques for measuring uptake at the root surface including excised roots, isotopic tracers, autoradiography, depletion, and lysimeters. Although these methods have provided many insights, each has drawbacks. Estimates of uptake are affected by the sampling scheme, experimental conditions, whether roots are excised or not, concentrations of ions, and the rate of efflux of ions. Microbes and mycorrhizas can also affect estimates of uptake. A greater focus on methods development is critical to advancing our understanding of …

Anti-Anti-Anti-Paternalism, Claire Hill

Articles

Is government justified in being paternalistic? To some, the answer is yes - government sometimes knows better than people do what is best for them. If people are allowed unfettered free choice, they will not always be acting in their own best interests. Others, with a more libertarian bent, object that people know what is best for them and, in any event, should be able to do what they choose to do.

International Health Law, Jonathan Todres, Laurel R. Hyle, Elizabeth Sepper

The International Lawyer

No abstract provided.

Influence Of Hunter Adaptability On Resilience Of Subsistence Hunting Systems, Todd J. Brinkman, Gary P. Kofinas, F. Stuart Chapin Iii, David K. Person

Journal of Ecological Anthropology

The capacity of hunters to shape the fundamental properties of their lifestyle at times when extrinsic factors change the availability of subsistence foods is critical to subsistence cultures. Recent changes in deer hunting on Prince of Wales Island, Alaska illustrate the social-ecological challenges to the resilience of a rural subsistence hunting system and raise the broader question of whether efficient hunting strategies necessarily enhance resilience. During the latter half of the 20th century, indigenous people of Alaska’s Prince of Wales Island adapted to changing subsistence opportunities by capitalizing on increased availability of deer due to clearcut logging and the construction …