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2007

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Pandemic Influenza: Ethics, Law, And The Public's Health, Lawrence O. Gostin, Benjamin E. Berkman Jan 2007

Pandemic Influenza: Ethics, Law, And The Public's Health, Lawrence O. Gostin, Benjamin E. Berkman

Georgetown Law Faculty Publications and Other Works

Highly pathogenic Influenza (HPAI) has captured the close attention of policy makers who regard pandemic influenza as a national security threat. Although the prevalence is currently very low, recent evidence that the 1918 pandemic was caused by an avian influenza virus lends credence to the theory that current outbreaks could have pandemic potential. If the threat becomes a reality, massive loss of life and economic disruption would ensue. Therapeutic countermeasures (e.g., vaccines and antiviral medications) and public health interventions (e.g., infection control, social separation, and quarantine) form the two principal strategies for prevention and response, both of which present formidable …

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Variant Merozoite Protein Expression Is Associated With Erythrocyte Invasion Phenotypes In Plasmodium Falciparum Isolates From Tanzania, A.K. Bei, C.D. Membi, J.C. Rayner, M. Mubi, B. Ngasala, A.A. Sultan, Zul Premji, M.T. Duraisingh Jan 2007

Variant Merozoite Protein Expression Is Associated With Erythrocyte Invasion Phenotypes In Plasmodium Falciparum Isolates From Tanzania, A.K. Bei, C.D. Membi, J.C. Rayner, M. Mubi, B. Ngasala, A.A. Sultan, Zul Premji, M.T. Duraisingh

Pathology, East Africa

[No abstract available]

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Maternal Risk Factors Associated With Low Birth Weight In Karachi: A Case-Control Study, S A. Rizvi, J Hatcher, I Jehan, R Qureshi Jan 2007

Maternal Risk Factors Associated With Low Birth Weight In Karachi: A Case-Control Study, S A. Rizvi, J Hatcher, I Jehan, R Qureshi

Community Health Sciences

To evaluate maternal risk factors associated with low birth weight (LBW) among women aged 15-35 years, we carried out a hospital-based, case-control study on 262 cases (mothers of neonates weighing < or = 2.5 kg) and 262 controls (mothers of neonates weighing > 2.5 kg). Odds of delivering a low-birth-weight baby decreased with increase in maternal haemoglobin [odds ratio (OR): 0.701; 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.62-0.79]. Odds were greater among mothers not using iron supplements during pregnancy (OR: 2.88; 95% CI: 1.83-4.54). Mothers of LBW babies had lower haemoglobin levels before delivery.

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Genome Sequence Of Fusobacterium Nucleatum Subspecies Polymorphum — A Genetically Tractable Fusobacterium, Sandor E Karpathy, Xiang Qin, Jason Gioia, Huaiyang Jiang, Yamei Liu, Joseph F Petrosino, Shailaja Yerrapragada, George E Fox, Susan Kinder Haake, George M Weinstock, Sarah K Highlander Jan 2007

Genome Sequence Of Fusobacterium Nucleatum Subspecies Polymorphum — A Genetically Tractable Fusobacterium, Sandor E Karpathy, Xiang Qin, Jason Gioia, Huaiyang Jiang, Yamei Liu, Joseph F Petrosino, Shailaja Yerrapragada, George E Fox, Susan Kinder Haake, George M Weinstock, Sarah K Highlander

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Fusobacterium nucleatum is a prominent member of the oral microbiota and is a common cause of human infection. F. nucleatum includes five subspecies: polymorphum, nucleatum, vincentii, fusiforme, and animalis. F. nucleatum subsp. polymorphum ATCC 10953 has been well characterized phenotypically and, in contrast to previously sequenced strains, is amenable to gene transfer. We sequenced and annotated the 2,429,698 bp genome of F. nucleatum subsp. polymorphum ATCC 10953. Plasmid pFN3 from the strain was also sequenced and analyzed. When compared to the other two available fusobacterial genomes (F. nucleatum subsp. nucleatum, and F. nucleatum subsp. vincentii) 627 open reading frames unique …

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Constraints On Breastfeeding Choices For Low Income Mothers, Carol Grace Hurst Jan 2007

Constraints On Breastfeeding Choices For Low Income Mothers, Carol Grace Hurst

Theses and Dissertations

The choice to breastfeed a baby is a woman's concern with impact reaching beyond each individual mother and child to longer term health and mental health outcomes for society. The U.S. government has made increasing breastfeeding rates one of its major public health goals for 2010. Breastfeeding is a health disparity issue with mothers who are poor, young, less educated or Black less likely to breastfeed. This project examined impacts of sexual perceptions of breastfeeding, social support, and work on breastfeeding choices made by a sample of low income mothers. A cross-sectional survey design was employed to examine potential barriers …

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Cradle To Cage: Confronting The Premature Institutionalization Of The Children Of The Incarcerated, Jen Fell Jan 2007

Cradle To Cage: Confronting The Premature Institutionalization Of The Children Of The Incarcerated, Jen Fell

Theses and Dissertations

American prisons are swollen and distended. Over 2 million Americans sit in jail or prison today. About 2/3 of the incarcerated are parents. They parent approximately 2 million children in America today who are separated from mom or dad because of incarceration. Their children suffer from poverty, inconsistency in caregivers, separation from siblings, reduced opportunity to health and education and increased risk for substance abuse, alcoholism and incarceration themselves. Children of the incarcerated are seven times more likely than their peers to become incarcerated as adults.Many of these children are unable to visit their parents. Over half the mothers in …

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Beyond The Threshold: Allusions To The ÒrìsÀ In Ana Mendieta's Silueta Series, Latricia M. January Jan 2007

Beyond The Threshold: Allusions To The ÒrìsÀ In Ana Mendieta's Silueta Series, Latricia M. January

Theses and Dissertations

The Cuban-born artist Ana Mendieta (1948-1985) created the Silueta Series during the 1970s and ‘80s. It consists of earth-body works in situ featuring the silhouette of the artist's body fashioned from mud, plants, rocks, gunpowder and other materials. Underlying the creation of the Silueta Series is Mendieta's belief that the elements are sentient and powerful beings. This perception is particularly strong in the Afro-Cuban religion Santeria, a creolized form of the Òrìsà tradition of the Yoruba of West Africa introduced to the Americas during the trans-Atlantic slave trade. While scholars have noted Mendieta's incorporation of Santeria in her art, a …

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Nosocomial Buffalopoxvirus Infection, Karachi, Pakistan, Afia Zafar, Robert Swanepoel, Roger Hewson, Mazhar Nizam, Altaf Ahmed, Akhtar Husain, Antoinette Grobbelaar, Kevin Bewley, Valerie Mioulet, Barry Dowsett, Linda Easterbrook, Rumina Hasan Jan 2007

Nosocomial Buffalopoxvirus Infection, Karachi, Pakistan, Afia Zafar, Robert Swanepoel, Roger Hewson, Mazhar Nizam, Altaf Ahmed, Akhtar Husain, Antoinette Grobbelaar, Kevin Bewley, Valerie Mioulet, Barry Dowsett, Linda Easterbrook, Rumina Hasan

Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine

During 5 months in 2004–2005, buffalopoxvirus infection, confirmed by virus isolation and limited nucleic acid sequencing, spread between 5 burns units in Karachi, Pakistan. The outbreak was related to movement of patients between units. Control measures reduced transmission, but sporadic cases continued due to the admission of new patients with community-acquired infections.

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Open Source Biology: A Means To Address The Access & Research Gaps, Katherine M. Nolan-Stevaux Jan 2007

Open Source Biology: A Means To Address The Access & Research Gaps, Katherine M. Nolan-Stevaux

Santa Clara High Technology Law Journal

No abstract provided.

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Global Health And Human Rights Imperative, Patricia C. Kuszler Jan 2007

Global Health And Human Rights Imperative, Patricia C. Kuszler

Articles

Open any magazine, click on a television news channel, or surf the net and you are likely to find global health highlighted as one of the foremost challenges of new millennium. First, this article will consider the meaning and measures of global health and detail the path to improved health and development prescribed by the United Nations Millennium Development Goals. Second, it will trace the development of international human rights law as it relates to health. Third, it demonstrate how human rights and health, long traversing parallel routes, are in fact converging in the 21st Century quest for global health–a …

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Health Care-Associated Pneumonia And Community-Acquired Pneumonia: A Single-Center Experience, Scott T. Micek, Katherine E. Kollef, Richard M. Reichley, Nareg Roubinian, Marin H. Kollef Jan 2007

Health Care-Associated Pneumonia And Community-Acquired Pneumonia: A Single-Center Experience, Scott T. Micek, Katherine E. Kollef, Richard M. Reichley, Nareg Roubinian, Marin H. Kollef

Open Access Publications

No abstract provided.

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Identification And Characterization Of Small Molecules That Inhibit Intracellular Toxin Transport, Jose B. Saenz, Teresa A. Doggett, David B. Haslam Jan 2007

Identification And Characterization Of Small Molecules That Inhibit Intracellular Toxin Transport, Jose B. Saenz, Teresa A. Doggett, David B. Haslam

Open Access Publications

No abstract provided.

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Escherichia Coli From Urine Of Female Patients With Urinary Tract Infections Is Competent For Intracellular Bacterial Community Formation, Corinne K. Garofalo, Thomas M. Hooton, Steven M. Martin, Walter E. Stamm, Joseph J. Palermo, Jeffrey I. Gordon, Scott J. Hultgren Jan 2007

Escherichia Coli From Urine Of Female Patients With Urinary Tract Infections Is Competent For Intracellular Bacterial Community Formation, Corinne K. Garofalo, Thomas M. Hooton, Steven M. Martin, Walter E. Stamm, Joseph J. Palermo, Jeffrey I. Gordon, Scott J. Hultgren

Open Access Publications

No abstract provided.

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Anionic Lipids Enriched At The Exportal Of Streptococcus Pyogenes, Jason W. Rosch, Fong Fu Hsu, Michael G. Caparon Jan 2007

Anionic Lipids Enriched At The Exportal Of Streptococcus Pyogenes, Jason W. Rosch, Fong Fu Hsu, Michael G. Caparon

Open Access Publications

No abstract provided.

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Aga Khan University Prospectus 2007, The Aga Khan University Jan 2007

Aga Khan University Prospectus 2007, The Aga Khan University

The Aga Khan University Prospectuses and Brochures

The University, University Resources, Faculty of Health Sciences, Medical College, Graduate Studies, Undergraduate Medical Education, School of Nursing, Graduate Studies, Undergraduate Nursing Education, Institute for Educational Development, Institute for the Study of Muslim Civilisations, Aga Khan University Human Development Programme, Faculty List

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Dengue Virus Serotype 3, Karachi, Pakistan, Bushra Jamil, Rumina Hasan, Afia Zafar, Kevin Bewley, John Chamberlain, Valerie Mioulet, Moira Rowlands, Roger Hewson Jan 2007

Dengue Virus Serotype 3, Karachi, Pakistan, Bushra Jamil, Rumina Hasan, Afia Zafar, Kevin Bewley, John Chamberlain, Valerie Mioulet, Moira Rowlands, Roger Hewson

Department of Medicine

No abstract provided.

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Advancing The Rule Of Law: Report On The International Rule Of Law Symposium Convened By The American Bar Association November 9-10, 2005, Katharina Pistor Jan 2007

Advancing The Rule Of Law: Report On The International Rule Of Law Symposium Convened By The American Bar Association November 9-10, 2005, Katharina Pistor

Faculty Scholarship

The American Bar Association hosted the first International Rule of Law Symposium in Washington, D.C. on November 9-10, 2005. The Symposium brought together representatives from all over the world who share a common interest in advancing the rule of law as a means to tackle major obstacles that hamper social and economic growth and development around the globe. Some were ministers and government officials, others entrepreneurs and business people, yet others represented non-governmental organizations or employees of multilateral donor organizations. The topics addressed at the Symposium were equally far reaching in scope, covering everything from poverty alleviation and improving public …

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Faculty Publications 2006, Lsu Health Sciences Center New Orleans Jan 2007

Faculty Publications 2006, Lsu Health Sciences Center New Orleans

Historical Faculty Publications

This Faculty bibliography contains 638 publications.

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Annual Report 2005-2006, Connie Jan Maraan Jan 2007

Annual Report 2005-2006, Connie Jan Maraan

SDRC Publications

No abstract provided.

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Illness Dwelling In Curreré: Fleshing Through Education, Pragmatism, And Spirituality, Leigh Rogers Medders Jan 2007

Illness Dwelling In Curreré: Fleshing Through Education, Pragmatism, And Spirituality, Leigh Rogers Medders

College of Graduate Studies: Theses & Dissertations

The purpose of this dissertation is to create a merging of illness, education, pragmatism and spirituality. The dissertation argues the pragmatist views of the lived experience propose a need for spiritual awareness when facing adversities such as illness. Currer and creation spirituality are woven together as a means of discovering a path to recovery. Perceptions of reality and education are approached, and an educational malignancy is suggested whereas unforeseen occurrences and entities are breaking down the current educational system. Finally, death is approached not as an end, but rather as a beginning. Education, spirituality, pragmatism and illness are united by …

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Recognizing Guillain-Barré Syndrome In The Primary Care Setting, Kristi Mcclellan Mantay, Elin Armeau, Thomas Parish Jan 2007

Recognizing Guillain-Barré Syndrome In The Primary Care Setting, Kristi Mcclellan Mantay, Elin Armeau, Thomas Parish

Internet Journal of Allied Health Sciences and Practice

Purpose: Guillain-Barré Syndrome (GBS) is the most common cause of acute flaccid paralysis in adults and children in the United States. The purpose of this article is to educate Primary Care Practitioners (PCP) about GBS and the importance of its recognition in the acute care setting. Method: A review of literature examined epidemiology, pathophysiology, clinical features, and antecedent events related to primary care. Results: Studies show correlations between GBS and preceding viral-bacterial infections, and certain vaccines. However, a direct causation has not been proven. Antecedent events encountered in primary care include, but are not limited to, gastroenteritis, upper respiratory infection, …

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Roles And Strategies Of Nurses Facilitating Diabetes Support Groups: An Exploratory Study, Joanne Fawcett Costello Jan 2007

Roles And Strategies Of Nurses Facilitating Diabetes Support Groups: An Exploratory Study, Joanne Fawcett Costello

Open Access Dissertations

Diabetes is a pervasive health problem with potentially devastating but preventable consequences. Although technological advances and new treatments have resulted in great optimism for controlling the disease, research indicates that the challenges of diabetes self-management are overwhelming for many. One creative intervention which has beginning empirical support and which seems to be helping many living with diabetes to sustain management of the disease and quality of life is diabetes support groups. Nurse diabetes educators have been frequent facilitators in these groups, yet little is known about how these nurses perceive their role and the strategies they use as well as …

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Sharing H5n1 Viruses To Stop A Global Influenza Pandemic, David P. Fidler, Laurie Garrett Jan 2007

Sharing H5n1 Viruses To Stop A Global Influenza Pandemic, David P. Fidler, Laurie Garrett

Articles by Maurer Faculty

No abstract provided.

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Determining Consumer Perceptions Of And Willingness To Pay For Appalachian Grass -Fed Beef: An Experimental Economics Approach., Jason R. Evans Jan 2007

Determining Consumer Perceptions Of And Willingness To Pay For Appalachian Grass -Fed Beef: An Experimental Economics Approach., Jason R. Evans

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

The U.S. market for commoditized beef is a dynamic one that has, over the last 30 years, seen decreases in per capita consumption and an increased reliance on large, integrated feedlot facilities that focus on efficient weight gain and producing carcasses deemed desirable according the USDA quality grading system. Because of the problems inherent in the conventional production system and the existence of farm-to-retail price spreads that do not favor primary cow-calf producers, analyses of alternative beef production and marketing strategies that facilitate enhanced profitability and simultaneously address surging consumer demand for specialty food products are necessary. To that end, …

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Projecting The Results Of State Smoking Ban Initiatives Using Cartographic Analysis, Donna Arlene Gilbreath Jan 2007

Projecting The Results Of State Smoking Ban Initiatives Using Cartographic Analysis, Donna Arlene Gilbreath

University of Kentucky Master's Theses

Because tobacco smoking causes 430,000 U.S. deaths annually, wide-reaching smoking bans are needed. Bans reduce cigarette consumption, encourage cessation, protect nonsmokers from second-hand smoke, and promote an attitude that smoking is undesirable. Therefore, bans may prevent future generations from suffering many smoking-related health problems. The federal government has not implemented widereaching smoking bans so it falls on individual states, counties, or communities to devise appropriate smoking policy. To date, smoking policy has been determined by legislators, who may have conflicts that prevent them from acting in the publics best interest. However, this method of implementing smoking policy may be changing. …

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Neonatal Immune Modulation To Improve Pneumocystis Clearance, Kerry Mcgarr Empey Jan 2007

Neonatal Immune Modulation To Improve Pneumocystis Clearance, Kerry Mcgarr Empey

University of Kentucky Doctoral Dissertations

Pneumocystis carinii is an opportunistic fungal pathogen that causes lifethreatening pneumonia in immunocompromised individuals. Infants appear to be particularly susceptible to Pneumocystis (PC) pulmonary infections. The higher incidence of PC as well as other pulmonary infections among infants is likely due to an immature immune system. The neonatal lung environment is deficient immunologically in preterm as well as term infants (1, 2). Decreased phagocytic capacity of macrophages in newborns may increase the risk of infection from inhaled pathogens (1, 2). We have previously demonstrated that there is approximately a 3-week delay in the clearance of PC organisms from pup mouse …

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Essays In Health Economics, Rachel Pauline Lange Jan 2007

Essays In Health Economics, Rachel Pauline Lange

University of Kentucky Doctoral Dissertations

Health and health care are dominant economic and political issues in the United States and many other countries. This dissertation contains two essays addressing different subjects within the field of health economics. The first essay is labor market oriented: An Economic Analysis of the Effects of Obesity on Wages. It examines the effects of overweight and obesity on the wages of men and women. The second essay, An Economic Analysis of the Impact on Health Care of Certain Medicare Provisions of the Balanced Budget Act of 1997 examines changes in the treatment of Medicare patients in light of reimbursement changes …

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Tracing The Origin Of The Recent Rise In Neuropathogenic Ehv-1, Kathryn Laura Smith Jan 2007

Tracing The Origin Of The Recent Rise In Neuropathogenic Ehv-1, Kathryn Laura Smith

University of Kentucky Master's Theses

Equine herpesvirus type-1(EHV-1) is a complex virus known for inducing various forms of disease in horses. In recent years, the number of cases of neurological disease caused by this virus has increased. While there are a number of possible sources for this recent surge, this project set out to determine if a genotypic shift in the latent population of the virus in favor of the neuropathogenic form of EHV-1 is the basis for the recent increase in frequency of EHV-1 neurologic disease. To ascertain if such a shift has in fact occurred, 450 EHV-1 isolates were obtained from fetal tissues …

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Development Of A Community Sharps Collection Pilot Program For The Town Of Northampton, Massachusetts: A Review Of The Barriers, Carmela (Deb) Laino Jan 2007

Development Of A Community Sharps Collection Pilot Program For The Town Of Northampton, Massachusetts: A Review Of The Barriers, Carmela (Deb) Laino

Theses

Not provided.

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Designing And Testing The Efficacy Of Recombinant Idiotype -Mycobacterial Hsp70 Fusion Protein As A Vaccine Model Against B -Cell Lymphomas, Lavakumar Karyampudi Jan 2007

Designing And Testing The Efficacy Of Recombinant Idiotype -Mycobacterial Hsp70 Fusion Protein As A Vaccine Model Against B -Cell Lymphomas, Lavakumar Karyampudi

All-Inclusive List of Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Objectives . Variable regions of immunoglobulin molecule (Ig) on B-cell lymphoma constitute tumor specific antigenic determinants collectively designated as idiotype (Id). Idiotypic determinants are nominally antigenic in tumor bearing hosts. Mycobacterial heat shock protein 70 (mycHSP70) is known for its ability as immunoadjuvant to activate anigen-presenting cells such as dendritic cells (DCs) through a toll-like receptor, TLR4. The objective of this study is to utilize mycHSP70 to enhance immunogenicity of two different B-lymphoma specific idiotopes. We accomplished this by using mycHSP70 fused to idiotypes of two tumors A20 and 2C3 as recombinant protein vaccine. Methods . By using standard molecular …

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