Digital Commons Network^™

Department Of Pathology, Thomas Jefferson University, Identification Of Conserved Gene Expression Features Between Murine Mammary Carcinoma Models And Human Breast Tumors., Jason I Herschkowitz, Karl Simin, Victor J Weigman, Igor Mikaelian, Jerry Usary, Zhiyuan Hu, Karen E Rasmussen, Laundette P Jones, Shahin Assefnia, Subhashini Chandrasekharan, Michael G Backlund, Yuzhi Yin, Andrey I Khramtsov, Roy Bastein, John Quackenbush, Robert I Glazer, Powel H Brown, Jeffrey E Green, Levy Kopelovich, Priscilla A Furth, Juan P Palazzo, Olufunmilayo I Olopade, Philip S Bernard, Gary A Churchill, Terry Van Dyke, Charles M Perou

Department of Pathology, Anatomy, and Cell Biology Faculty Papers

BACKGROUND: Although numerous mouse models of breast carcinomas have been developed, we do not know the extent to which any faithfully represent clinically significant human phenotypes. To address this need, we characterized mammary tumor gene expression profiles from 13 different murine models using DNA microarrays and compared the resulting data to those from human breast tumors. RESULTS: Unsupervised hierarchical clustering analysis showed that six models (TgWAP-Myc, TgMMTV-Neu, TgMMTV-PyMT, TgWAP-Int3, TgWAP-Tag, and TgC3(1)-Tag) yielded tumors with distinctive and homogeneous expression patterns within each strain. However, in each of four other models (TgWAP-T121, TgMMTV-Wnt1, Brca1Co/Co;TgMMTV-Cre;p53+/- and DMBA-induced), tumors with a variety of …

Silencing Of The Pink1 Gene Expression By Conditional Rnai Does Not Induce Dopaminergic Neuron Death In Mice., Hongxia Zhou, Björn H Falkenburger, Jörg B Schulz, Kim Tieu, Zuoshang Xu, Xu Gang Xia

Department of Pathology, Anatomy, and Cell Biology Faculty Papers

Transgenic RNAi, an alternative to the gene knockout approach, can induce hypomorphic phenotypes that resemble those of the gene knockout in mice. Conditional transgenic RNAi is an attractive choice of method for reverse genetics in vivo because it can achieve temporal and spatial silencing of targeted genes. Pol III promoters such as U6 are widely used to drive the expression of RNAi transgenes in animals. Tested in transgenic mice, a Cre-loxP inducible U6 promoter drove the broad expression of an shRNA against the Pink1 gene whose loss-of-functional mutations cause one form of familial Parkinson's disease. The expression of the shRNA …

An Intelligent Navigation System For An Unmanned Surface Vehicle, Tao Xu

School of Engineering, Computing and Mathematics Theses

A multi-disciplinary research project has been carried out at the University of Plymouth to design and develop an Unmanned Surface Vehicle (USV) named ýpringer. The work presented herein relates to formulation of a robust, reliable, accurate and adaptable navigation system to enable opringei to undertake various environmental monitoring tasks. Synergistically, sensor mathematical modelling, fuzzy logic, Multi-Sensor Data Fusion (MSDF), Multi-Model Adaptive Estimation (MMAE), fault adaptive data acquisition and an user interface system are combined to enhance the robustness and fault tolerance of the onboard navigation system. This thesis not only provides a holistic framework but also a concourse of computational …

Homocysteine Levels In Preterm Infants: Is There An Association With Intraventricular Hemorrhage? A Prospective Cohort Study., Wendy J Sturtz, Kathleen H Leef, Amy B Mackley, Shailja Sharma, Teodoro Bottiglieri, David A Paul

Department of Pediatrics Faculty Papers

BACKGROUND: The purpose of this study was to characterize total homocysteine (tHcy) levels at birth in preterm and term infants and identify associations with intraventricular hemorrhage (IVH) and other neonatal outcomes such as mortality, sepsis, necrotizing enterocolitis, bronchopulmonary dysplasia, and thrombocytopenia. METHODS: 123 infants < 32 weeks gestation admitted to our Level III nursery were enrolled. A group of 25 term infants were enrolled for comparison. Two blood spots collected on filter paper with admission blood drawing were analyzed by a high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) method. Statistical analysis included ANOVA, Spearman's Rank Order Correlation and Mann-Whitney U test. RESULTS: The median tHcy was 2.75 micromol/L with an interquartile range of 1.34 - 4.96 micromol/L. There was no difference between preterm and term tHcy (median 2.76, IQR 1.25 - 4.8 micromol/L vs median 2.54, IQR 1.55 - 7.85 micromol/L, p = 0.07). There was no statistically significant difference in tHcy in 31 preterm infants with IVH compared to infants without IVH (median 1.96, IQR 1.09 - 4.35 micromol/L vs median 2.96, IQR 1.51 - 4.84 micromol/L, p = 0.43). There was also no statistically significant difference in tHcy in 7 infants with periventricular leukomalacia (PVL) compared to infants without PVL (median 1.55, IQR 0.25 - 3.45 micromol/L vs median 2.85, IQR 1.34 - 4.82 micromol/L, p = 0.07). Male infants had lower tHcy compared to female; prenatal steroids were associated with a higher tHcy. CONCLUSION: In our population of preterm infants, there is no association between IVH and tHcy. Male gender, prenatal steroids and preeclampsia were associated with differences in tHcy levels.

Sediment Flux And Fate In The Mississippi River Diversion At West Bay: Observation Study, Thomas Mitchell Andrus

LSU Master's Theses

Land-building sediment diversions, such as the Mississippi River Diversion at West Bay, can be used as important building blocks in the conservation and restoration of Mississippi Delta wetlands. Sediment deposition and retention patterns were studied in the West Bay diversion outfall area through analyses of sediment cores, hydrodynamics, and bathymetry. Cores and x-ray samples were collected at twenty stations in March 2004, August 2004, November 2005, and April 2006. Cores were analyzed for grain-size distributions and ⁷Be activities, in order to examine patterns of recent sediment deposition. In comparing ratios of total ⁷Be inventory to atmospheric ⁷Be …

The Portrayal Of Science In Children's Television, Tristi Bercegeay Charpentier

LSU Master's Theses

Scholars argue that a scientifically literate public is a requirement for a democracy. Children are watching television more today than ever before, and studies have shown that children learn academically educational content from television. The Children's Television Act of 1990 requires broadcasters to provide educational and informational content for children. This study qualitatively evaluated a sample of 38 children's television programs to obtain a description of the scientific content contained in children's television. The study yielded a large quantity of scientific content, yet the quality of the content left much to be desired. Based on the findings of this study, …

Reemployment And Earnings Recovery Among Older Unemployment Insurance Claimants, Christopher J. O'Leary, Randall W. Eberts

Upjohn Institute Working Papers

The rate of involuntary job loss among older workers has increased in recent years. Previous research has found that after job separation older workers take longer to get back in jobs, and experience bigger earnings declines than younger prime age workers. These studies were based on surveys targeted at older and dislocated workers, which rely on retrospective interviews of strategic samples from the general labor force. Previous studies have not explicitly accounted for the availability of unemployment insurance (UI) benefits between jobs. This paper compares the adjustment to involuntary unemployment of older and younger prime age UI claimants, using a …

Environmental Law, Eleventh Circuit Survey, Travis M. Trimble

Scholarly Works

In general, 2006 was a good year to be a defendant in environmental cases that reached the Eleventh Circuit. The court placed a narrow construction on operator liability for corporate parents under the Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation, and Liability Act (“CERCLA”) and backed agency interpretations of the Clean Air Act (“CAA”) regulations in the face of challenges to their interpretation and use. In an issue of first impression, the court held that the agency’s failure to carry out a nondiscretionary duty under the Endangered Species Act (“ESA”) constituted a one-time, and not a continuing, violation for purposes of applying the …

Are Issuers Of And Dealers In Securities Immune From Lawsuits Arising Under Federal And State Antitrust Laws?, Hannibal Travis

Faculty Publications

Conduct potentially subject to regulatory scrutiny by federal agencies such as the Securities Exchange Commission (SEC) is not necessarily immune from antitrust liability. The Supreme Court previously held that an anticompetitive conspiracy in the mutual fund industry was immune from antitrust liability because the SEC had the primary statutory authority to prohibit or permit such conspiracies. This case raises the question of whether another alleged conspiracy—to restrict the availability of certain initial public offerings of securities (IPOs)—is similarly immune.

Hunters In The Garden: Yup’Ik Subsistence And The Agricultural Myths Of Eden, Benjamin Kuntz

Graduate Student Theses, Dissertations, & Professional Papers

Yup’ik writers and Yup’ik subsistence offer valuable challenges, parallels, and alternative models to mainstream nature writing’s discourse surrounding human relationships to the land, a discourse that carries an inherent agricultural bias. An introduction to western Alaska’s Nunivak Island provides context for Chapter 1, which demonstrates the fluidity of cultural, geographical, and historical margins through discussion of the works of Yup’ik journalist John Active and historian and ethnographer James Clifford. Chapter 2 provides an overview of Yup’ik subsistence centered around the community of Bethel, Alaska, then subjects mainstream nature writing, represented mostly by Wendell Berry, to critiques supplied by Canadian anthropologist …

Letters From Mrs. Chenowith And Other Stories, Jill M. Walsh

Graduate Student Theses, Dissertations, & Professional Papers

None

A Revision Of Family And Domesticity In Michael Cunningham's A Home At The End Of The World, Flesh And Blood, And The Hours, Tracy Joy Struck

Graduate Student Theses, Dissertations, & Professional Papers

Primarily through the experiences of his gay protagonists, Michael Cunningham critiques the heteronormative nuclear family structure of the 1950s and depicts alternatives to it. Drawing on the work of feminist critics who focus on the political intent of American women authors during the nineteenth century, the findings of family historians who examine families of the 1950s, and the work of anthropologist Kath Weston, I argue that Michael Cunningham represents domesticity in ways that promote readers' appreciation of and support for alternative family models.

Welcome Home, Meredith Jones-Gray

Faculty Publications

No abstract provided.

Cooperative Federalism And Healthcare Reform: The Medicare Part D 'Clawback' Example, Elizabeth Weeks Leonard

Scholarly Works

This symposium article recounts recent litigation by several states over a provision of the Medicare Modernization Act Part D prescription drug benefit: The clawback, which requires states to pay the a potentially substantial portion of new federal program. I then examine the unique federalism implications of the clawback for ongoing state and federal health reform initiatives.

In spring 2006, several states petitioned the United States Supreme Court for original jurisdiction to hear a challenge to one provision of the new Medicare Part D prescription drug law. The federal government, while taking over prescription drug coverage for dually eligible beneficiaries, required …

Why De Minimis?, Matthew D. Adler

Faculty Scholarship

De minimis cutoffs are a familiar feature of risk regulation. This includes the quantitative individual risk thresholds for fatality risks employed in many contexts by EPA, FDA, and other agencies, such as the 1-in-1 million lifetime cancer risk cutoff; extreme event cutoffs for addressing natural hazards, such as the 100 - year - flood or 475 - year - earthquake; de minimis failure probabilities for built structures; the exclusion of low - probability causal models; and other policymaking criteria. All these tests have a common structure, as I show in the Article. A de minimis test, broadly defined, tells the …

Bad Nature, Bad Nurture, And Testimony Regarding Maoa And Slc6a4 Genotyping In Murder Trials, Nita A. Farahany, William Bernet, Cindy L. Vnencak-Jones, Stephen A. Montgomery

Faculty Scholarship

Recent research—in which subjects were studied longitudinally from childhood until adulthood—has started to clarify how a child’s environment and genetic makeup interact to create a violent adolescent or adult. For example, male subjects who were born with a particular allele of the monoamine oxidase A gene and also were maltreated as children had a much greater likelihood of manifesting violent antisocial behavior as adolescents and adults. Also, individuals who were born with particular alleles of the serotonin transporter gene and also experienced multiple stressful life events were more likely to manifest serious depression and suicidality. This research raises the question …

2007-2008 Undergraduate Catalog, Morehead State University

Morehead State Catalog Archive

2007-2008 undergraduate catalog for Morehead State University.

Seroprevalence Of Brucellosis In Human, Sheep, And Cattle Populations In Kırıkkale (Turkey), Teoman Zafer Apan, Murat Yildirim, Ersi̇n İstanbulluoğlu

Turkish Journal of Veterinary & Animal Sciences

The seroprevalence of Brucellosis in human, sheep, and cattle populations was investigated in rural regions of Kırıkkale in Turkey. Serum samples were obtained from 1436 humans, and 3.2% (46) of the population was found to be positive by Rose Bengal Plate test (RBPT) and 3.0% (43) gave positive results with the standard tube agglutination test (STAT). Immunoglobulin class analysis of RBPT-positive sera using the ELISA test gave positive results for 33 people (75%) with Brucella ELISA IgG and for 11 people (25%) with Brucella ELISA IgM. The evaluation of 804 serum samples, which were obtained from 301 cattle and 503 …

Evaluation Of Two Vaccination Schemes Using Live Vaccines Against Newcastle Disease In Chickens, Mansur-Ud-Din Ahmad, Mamoona Chaudhry, Muhammad Farooq Rai, Hamad Bin Rashid

Turkish Journal of Veterinary & Animal Sciences

The use of different types of Newcastle disease (ND) vaccine in different vaccination schemes has decreased the incidence of velogenic Newcastle disease (VND) in commercial poultry worldwide. In under-developed countries like Pakistan, these vaccination schemes are not successful due to free-range and backyard poultry production. This trial was conducted in 90 experimental chickens to develop an effective control against ND. The level of antibody response, detected by haemagglutination-inhibition (HI) test, and the degree of protection against the virulent strain of Newcastle disease virus (NDV) were studied. The chickens were immunized with commercially available ND vaccines. In scheme A, primary vaccination …

First Case Of Anaplasma (Ehrlichia) Platys Infection In A Dog In Turkey, Bülent Ulutaş, Göksel Bayramli, Tüli̇n Karagenç

Turkish Journal of Veterinary & Animal Sciences

A male pinscher dog weighing 4.2 kg with a history of intermittent fever, inappetence, weight loss, and weakness occurring periodically for 5 months showed Anaplasma (Ehrlichia) platys inclusions within the platelets of peripheral blood smears. The diagnosis was confirmed using a nested polymerase chain reaction. The dog was treated with doxycycline at a dose of 5 mg/kg twice daily for 21 days. This study is the first case of A. platys infection in Turkey.

Electrostatic Charge Polarity Effect On Respiratory Deposition In The Glass Bead Tracheobronchial Airways Model, Mohammed Ali, Malay K. Mazumder, Rama N. Reddy, Mariofanna Milanova, Jing Zhang, Alexandru S. Biris

Journal of the Arkansas Academy of Science

The effects of unipolar and bipolar electrostatic charges on the deposition efficiency of therapeutic aerosols in the physical model of human tracheobronchial (TB) airways have been investigated. Respirable size aerosol particles were generated by a commonly prescribed and commercially available nebulizer and charged by a corona charger and then their size and charge distributions were characterized by an Electronic Single Particle Aerodynamic Relaxation Time analyzer to study the drug aerosol particles' deposition pattern. The experiments were performed with a glass bead tracheobronchial model (GBTBM) (physical model) which was designed and developed based upon widely used and adopted dichotomous lung morphometric …

The Religion Clauses And The “Really New” Federalism, Martin H. Belsky

Akron Law Faculty Publications

It had been a principle of contemporary constitutional law that once a provision of the Bill of Rights was “fully” incorporated, such as with the First Amendment, it established a constitutional minimum. A state could provide, either by constitutional or statutory provision, additional protections to its citizens, so long as this did not create a conflict with other federal law. Another principle, until recently, was that the federal government had the ability by legislation to provide additional or enhanced rights to Americans, and that these rights applied uniformly to residents of all states.

The application of these two principles?at least …

Crippling America, Health Care Fraud Incentives, Colby Goetsch

Honors Program Theses

Clearly an imbalance is occurring in the system as health care fraud claims reach new bounds. There are many types of health care fraud, but the most general analysis involves the submission of claims that never occurred for reimbursement. This thesis will analyze the incentives acting upon different groups affected by the specific act of health care fraud of submitting fraudulent claims, and also possible solutions to change these incentives into the public's best interest. An analysis of the incentives given to the key players in this game will hopefully show where legislators can focus to improve the current state …

Human Genetics Studies: The Case For Group Rights, Laura S. Underkuffler

Faculty Scholarship

With the importance of genetic information has come bitter battles over its control. In these battles, some principles have emerged that are beyond dispute. The ability of individuals to control the disposition and genetic testing of their own biological materials is (as a matter of theory, at least) beyond question. No one would argue today that an individual could be subject to genetic testing for studies against her will, or that biological samples obtained from individuals under specified conditions could be simply deemed "free" of such conditions by researchers. Although difficult problems remain in the interpretation of research agreements, the …

Privacy And Law Enforcement In The European Union: The Data Retention Directive, Francesca E. Bignami

Faculty Scholarship

This paper examines a recent twist in EU data protection law. In the 1990s, the European Union was still primarily a market-creating organization and data protection in the European Union was aimed at rights abuses by market actors. Since the terrorist attacks of New York, Madrid, and London, however, cooperation on fighting crime has accelerated. Now, the challenge for the European Union is to protect privacy in its emerging system of criminal justice. This paper analyzes the first EU law to address data privacy in crime-fighting -- the Data Retention Directive. Based on a detailed examination of the Directive's legislative …

European Versus American Liberty: A Comparative Privacy Analysis Of Antiterrorism Data Mining, Francesca E. Bignami

Faculty Scholarship

It is common knowledge that privacy in the market and the media is protected less in the United States than in Europe. Since the terrorist attacks of September 11, 2001, it has become obvious that the right to privacy in the government sphere too is protected less in the United States than in Europe. This Article brings alive the legal difference by considering the case-real in the United States, hypothetical in Europe-of a spy agency's database of call records, created for the purpose of identifying potential terrorists. Under U.S. law such an antiterrorism database might very well be legal. But …

Promoting And Establishing The Recovery Of Endangered Species On Private Lands: A Case Study Of The Gopher Tortoise (Duke Law, Student Paper Series), Blake Hudson

Faculty Scholarship

Important species are increasingly becoming endangered on private lands largely left unregulated by federal and state laws. The gopher tortoise is one such species. The tortoise is a keystone species, meaning that upon its existence numerous other species exist. Despite its importance, tortoise populations have declined by 80% - partly due to development pressures, but primarily due to forest management practices which have reduced the longleaf pine ecosystem upon which it depends. This article focus on legal and policy issues associated with both development and forest management. Because private forest management practices are the primary cause of tortoise decline, the …

Towards A Right To Privacy In Transnational Intelligence Networks, Francesca E. Bignami

Faculty Scholarship

Antiterrorism intelligence sharing across national borders has been trumpeted as one of the most promising forms of networked global governance. By exchanging information across the world, government agencies can catch terrorists and other dangerous criminals. Yet this new form of global governance is also one of the most dangerous. Even at the domestic level, secrecy and national security imperatives have placed intelligence agencies largely beyond legal and democratic oversight. But at the global level, accountability is missing entirely. Global cooperation among national intelligence agencies is extraordinarily opaque. The nature of the international system compounds the problem: these actors do not …

Rebuilding Illinois Brick: A Functionalist Approach To The Indirect Purchaser Rule, Barak D. Richman, Christopher R. Murray

Faculty Scholarship

The landmark case of Illinois Brick Co. v. Illinois, which denied standing to indirect purchasers to sue antitrust violators, has been subjected to steady and widespread criticism since it was decided in 1977. Despite three decades of dissatisfaction, however, debate over indirect purchaser standing has failed to generate satisfying solutions that meet the objectives of antitrust law and reflect its underlying principles. We attribute the lack of creative alternatives to an undue emphasis on legal formalism, fostered both by the Supreme Court's elaboration of the indirect purchaser rule and the doctrine's failure to recognize the pervasiveness of multilayer supply chains. …

Mertonianism Unbound?: Imagining Free, Decentralized Access To Most Cultural And Scientific Material, James Boyle

Faculty Scholarship

No abstract provided.