Digital Commons Network^™

Firm's System Of Quality Control; Statement On Quality Control Standards 7, American Institute Of Certified Public Accountants. Auditing Standards Board

AICPA Professional Standards

No abstract provided.

Downsizing, Rightsizing, And Restructuring: How Leadership Can Increase Associate Accountability During Change, Edward S. Keszkowski

Seton Hall University Dissertations and Theses (ETDs)

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The Impact On The Life Of Military Children Whose Parent (S) Are Serving In Support Of American Foreign Policy, Grant A. Gabriel

Seton Hall University Dissertations and Theses (ETDs)

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A Game Theory Analysis Of Firm Reaction To External Organizational Demands: The Case Of Animal Welfare Standards, Sheril Sherine Tzul

Agribusiness and Applied Economics

There has been increasing public concern about farm animal welfare regarding transportation, slaughter, and some management practices, especially in systems where animals are confined for most of their existence. Animal welfare organizations (groups) have traditionally focused on forwarding their agendas through legislation, although more recent attempts have focused on convincing large firms that buy agricultural commodities to require particular production process standards to be met. The strategic interactions of players in the egg industry are modeled using a game theory approach. Two scenarios were explored: a principal-agent contract model between food firms and farmers, and a model where two firms …

Offsetting Behavior And The Benefits Of Food Safety Policies In Vegetable Preparation And Consumption, Elvis Mokake Ndembe

Agribusiness and Applied Economics

Foodbome disease outbreaks have a tremendous impact on society, including foodbome illnesses, hospitalizations, lost work time, and deaths. These food-safety events have a significant influence in shaping consumers' perception of risk. Outbreaks of foodbome illnesses also have an effect on the development of public health policy. Due to these safety-related uncertainties in the food supply chain, various regulatory, safety, and health policies are implemented to decrease harm to potential victims. The total effect of such food-safety policies looked at in terms of reduction of foodbome illness, mortality, and food-related diseases may possibly be smaller than the forecasted effect because of …

Economic Feasibility Of Producing Ethanol From Dry Pea And Corn As Feedstock In North Dakota: A Risk Perspective, Abhishek Goel

Agribusiness and Applied Economics

Dry pea has the potential to be an economical replacement for com in North Dakota ethanol plants. Dry pea costs of production are less than com because fewer purchased inputs are required and because dry pea offers a number of rotational benefits in small grain crop rotations. Dry pea can also thrive in arid regions of western North Dakota where annual rainfall is low. This study develops stochastic economic models to evaluate the replacement potential of dry pea for com as an ethanol feedstock. Results find that plant efficiency increases and input supply risks are reduced when dry pea replaces …

An Econometric Analysis Of Cost Changes In U.S. Trucking And The Implications Of Implementing The Nafta Trucking Provisions, Erica Kay Peterson

Agribusiness and Applied Economics

The United States trucking industry underwent deregulation starting in 1980. There was much opposition to the process in fears that trucking companies would be adversely affected by increased competition. There were also many proponents and researchers who proved that the increased competition due to regulatory reform only helped strengthen the industry by forcing firms to become more cost efficient. There has been similar opposition and support for the trucking provisions of NAFTA. Although the provisions have not been fully implemented, the trucking industry is well aware it will only be a matter of time. In early 2002 it was announced …

Going Private At The Intersection Of The Market And The Law, Faith Stevelman

Articles & Chapters

Delaware's fiduciary doctrine governing going private transactions by controlling stockholders is presently in disarray. Controllers generally select between single step cash-out mergers and tender offers followed by short-form mergers to do these freezeouts, and they are subject to very different equitable standards depending on the format selected. Further disarray arises because the courts' longstanding commitment to strict scrutiny in freezeouts is in tension with the popular disfavor towards private class-action litigation. This disarray threatens minority investors' interests in freezeouts, and capital market values more broadly. First, the disparities in freezeout doctrine have encouraged controllers to arbitrage the legal standards for …

Wealth And Achievement Gaps: An Examination Of Virginia Middle Schools, Paulette Natasha Richmond

Theses and Dissertations in Urban Studies

Achievement gaps, the focus of this research, result from unequal achievement and the variance in achievement existing between different segments of the student population, for example, the difference in achievement between minority students and non-minority students. The No Child Left Behind Act of 2001 and AYP (Adequate Yearly Progress) focus on achievement gaps despite contradictory expressions about the efficacy of the act. The No Child Left Behind Act has created discussion and awareness of race, SES (economically advantaged and disadvantaged) and academic achievement.

There are conflicting beliefs about the impact of resources, funding and wealth on student achievement. This study …

Freelib: A Self-Sustainable Peer-To-Peer Digital Library Framework For Evolving Communities, Ashraf A. Amrou

Computer Science Theses & Dissertations

The need for efficient solutions to the problem of disseminating and sharing of data is growing. Digital libraries provide an efficient solution for disseminating and sharing large volumes of data to diverse sets of users. They enable the use of structured and well defined metadata to provide quality search services. Most of the digital libraries built so far follow a centralized model. The centralized model is an efficient model; however, it has some inherent problems. It is not suitable when content contribution is highly distributed over a very large number of participants. It also requires an organizational support to provide …

The Status Of The Scholarship Of Teaching And Learning In The Discipline, Paul D. Witman, Laurie Richlin

International Journal for the Scholarship of Teaching & Learning

The concept of the Scholarship of Teaching and Learning (SoTL) was developed over 15 years ago. Because scholarly recognition comes from the discipline, the researchers determined to find out how a range of disciplines deal with the SoTL. In that time, how has the SoTL been integrated into and used by the various academic disciplines? What publication outlets are available to professors within each of the disciplines to present and publish on the SoTL? This survey review of current associations, conferences, and journals examines the SoTL in 20 different disciplines as demonstrated by scholarly production within these disciplines. Adoption levels …

Seasonal Variations Of Co2 And 222Rn In A Mediterranean Sinkhole - Spring (Causse D’Aumelas, Se France), Christelle Batiot-Guilhe, Jean-Luc Seidel, Hervé Jourde, Olivier Hébrard, Vincent Bailly-Comte

International Journal of Speleology

Carbon dioxide and ²²²Rn monitoring of the atmosphere of a Mediterranean sink hole - spring (SE France) during two hydrological cycles (from September 2004 to September 2006) showed seasonal variations with very high concentrations during summer (greater than 6% and 20 000 Bq/m³, respectively). Gas dynamics in caves often show seasonal variations. Meteorological parameters (barometric pressure and temperature mainly), cave geometry and fracture networks control exchanges between the cavity and outside atmosphere. Carbon dioxide and ²²²Rn may have different sources (atmosphere, soil, bedrock, deep gas diffusion, in situ oxidation of organic matter and, in some caves, …

Law, Metaphysics, And The New Iconoclasm Passing On: Images, Richard K. Sherwin

Articles & Chapters

No abstract provided.

A Study Of Elementary Instructors' Teaching Of Forearm Passing As A Part Of Volleyball Instruction, Tsui-Feng Tiffany Yeh

Dissertations and Theses @ UNI

The purpose of this study was to investigate the teaching of forearm passing as a key component of volleyball game performance. More specifically, this study investigated teachers' content knowledge and teaching knowledge (pedagogical content knowledge) related to forearm passing as described by the teachers and manifested in teaching practices in the teaching environment.

Six elementary physical education instructors participated in this study. Several methods were used for gathering different information about forearm passing research including systematic observation, videotaping, field notes, and formal and informal interviews.

The findings revealed that (a) teachers' teaching philosophy significantly influenced their teaching and designing volleyball …

How The Clinical Settings Of Radiography Programs Affect Learning Perceptions, Peggy Fortsch

Dissertations and Theses @ UNI

A main purpose of clinical education is to prepare practitioners who can deliver excellent skills and care vital to the health and safety of persons in their care and to society. Clinical education is an essential component for students pursuing careers as health care providers. The purpose of this study was to examine the place of clinical experiences in radiography programs and to describe how students and clinical instructors in three different radiography program models (bridging, external, and internal) perceived the learning experiences in clinical settings.

From the perspectives of students and clinical instructors the following questions were addressed:

(1) …

Considerations For Delivery Of Online Professional Development Courses For Childcare Professionals, Heather Marie Bauer Olsen

Dissertations and Theses @ UNI

In an age of increasing accountability, childcare professionals are held responsible for providing young children quality early care and education. The unfortunate reality is that it is challenging for childcare professionals to pursue training because of the cost of training, family responsibilities, and scheduling conflicts. The Internet has the capability to knock down those barriers in the childcare profession, and has expanded the availability of information and has created avenues for teaching and learning.

The purpose of this study was to gain an understanding of the factors that will give online professional development instructors a better insight into the characteristics …

Sexy Dressing Revisited: Does Target Dress Play A Part In Sexual Harassment Cases?, Theresa M. Beiner

Duke Journal of Gender Law & Policy

Feminists have been debating what constitutes appropriate female attire since the beginning of the feminist movement in the United States. Since the early 1990s, when Naomi Wolf's book The Beauty Myth was released, feminists, law professors, and popular culture critics have tried to understand women's dress in the present day. In spite of years of criticism of these beliefs, the bias this injects into rape trials, and even with the enactment of rape shield laws, this evidence still sneaks into rape cases. With this in mind, one would expect a similar phenomenon to occur in sexual harassment cases. As the …

Branded: Corporate Image, Sexual Stereotyping, And The New Face Of Capitalism, Dianne Avery, Marion Crain

Duke Journal of Gender Law & Policy

In the context of unionized workforces covered by collective bargaining agreements, companies have-at most-been required to demonstrate a reasonable relationship between the grooming code and the business's effort to project a corporate image that it believes will result in a larger market share.5 In a small number of cases, sexualized branding that exposes workers to sexual harassment or is predicated upon sexual stereotypes not essential to performance of the job has been curtailed by the antidiscrimination mandate of Title VII.6 However, challenges under Title VII have been effective only where corporate branding is at odds with community norms; where the …

An Essay For Keisha (And A Response To Professor Ford), Barbara J. Flagg

Duke Journal of Gender Law & Policy

In chapter 3 I build on this conclusion and argue that political solidarity based on a common relationship to oppression and domination is the appropriate focus of (racial) identity politics and legal rights assertion; by contrast cultural claims are more contestable on both descriptive and normative terms and should be left to more fluid domains of conflict resolution such as social dialogue, the democratic process and the market economy . . . . With respect to the "foreseeable effects" model, the 1995 test for the first prong, the existence of a foreseeable impact, clearly encompasses more than cultural difference.94 In …

The Law And Economics Of Identity, Rafael Gely

Duke Journal of Gender Law & Policy

"24 Social norms, for example, have long had an important impact on gender roles in employment specifically with respect to work/family concerns.25 Moreover, one of the central conclusions of the famous Hawthorne experiments of the 1930s26 was that employee work effort is significantly influenced by the norms of the employee's workgroup with respect to what constitutes an appropriate work level or output.27 Applying this analysis, employees are deemed not "irrational" when they don't increase output in response to increased employer incentive pay; they are simply responding to workplace social norms-i.e., they don't want to be ostracized by fellow employees as …

Gender Performance Over Job Performance: Body Art Work Rules And The Continuing Subordination Of The Feminine, Lucille M. Ponte, Jennifer L. Gillan

Duke Journal of Gender Law & Policy

No abstract provided.

Testing The Limits Of Antidiscrimination Law: The Business, Legal, And Ethical Ramifications Of Cultural Profiling At Work, Laura Morgan Roberts, Darryl D. Roberts

Duke Journal of Gender Law & Policy

While courts have rarely ruled in favor of plaintiffs bringing discrimination claims based on identity performance, legal scholars have argued that discrimination on the basis of certain cultural displays should be prohibited because it creates a work environment that is "heavily charged" with ethnic and racial discrimination. Drawing upon empirical studies of diversity management, stereotyping, and group dynamics, we describe how workplace cultural profiling often creates an unproductive atmosphere of heightened scrutiny and identity performance constraints that lead workers (especially those from marginalized groups) to behave in less authentic, less innovative ways in diverse organizational settings.

Similarity Or Difference As A Basis For Justice: Must Animals Be Like Humans To Be Legally Protected From Humans?, Taimie L. Bryant

Law and Contemporary Problems

Justice may not require that animals be exactly the same as humans or that they have rights exactly coterminous with the rights of humans, but justice would require that animals receive protection in ways that match up with those similarities they share with humans that are characteristics considered essential to the understanding of what it means to be human. Stated generally, the argument is that if animals are similar to humans as to capacities and characteristics of humans that define humans, then animals should receive protections equivalent to the protections of humans because a just society treats like entities alike.

The Peahen’S Tale, Or Dressing Our Parts At Work, Julie A. Seaman

Duke Journal of Gender Law & Policy

However, there may ultimately be no logical way to reconcile decisions that prohibit employers from requiring women to wear revealing outfits and others that permit employers to require them to wear makeup,20 or decisions that prohibit penalizing a woman for being insufficiently feminine and others that permit penalizing a man for being insufficiently masculine.21 In addition, the increasing judicial acceptance of the sex stereotyping theory of sex discrimination under Title VII is in substantial tension with recent cases that insist that sex-differentiated dress and grooming requirements that "merely"22 conform to existing social gender norms do not amount to impermissible sex …

What Do Unions Do About Appearance Codes?, Michael J. Yelnosky

Duke Journal of Gender Law & Policy

In contrast, Renee Gaud and Trisha Hart worked as cocktail servers at the Borgata Hotel Casino and Spa in Atlantic City, New Jersey.8 Unlike Darlene Jespersen, they were union employees represented by the Hotel Employees and Restaurant Employees International Union, Local 54, and thus were not at-will workers.9 Gaud, Hart, and other employees objected to a new Borgata policy prohibiting cocktail servers and bartenders from gaining more than seven percent of their body weight as determined by a baseline set when the policy was instituted.10 Gaud and Hart challenged the policy in New Jersey state court on the grounds that …

Grappling With “Solicitation”: The Need For Statutory Reform In North Carolina After Lawrence V. Texas, Christopher R. Murray

Duke Journal of Gender Law & Policy

Teresa Pope was charged with solicitation of the crime against nature for offering oral sex for money to two undercover police officers.5 Solicitation is an inchoate offense-like attempt or conspiracy-that relies on the criminality of the underlying conduct. 6 Although oral sex by itself cannot be criminalized post-Lawrence, the North Carolina Court of Appeals held in State v. Pope that the charge of solicitation of the crime against nature survived Lawrence by virtue of an exception in that decision allowing criminalization of prostitution. "10 In State v. Richardson, the Supreme Court of North Carolina construed this statute to apply only …

Décès Indemnisés À La Suite D’Une Lésion Professionnelle : Comparaison Entre Le Québec, L’Ontario Et La Colombie-Britannique, 1997-2003, Patrice Duguay, Paul Massicotte

Portraits statistiques

Au moment de réaliser cette étude, il n’existait aucune étude comparant les risques de décès au travail entre le Québec et l’une ou l’autre des provinces ou territoires canadiens. Depuis, une étude a été publiée en décembre 2006, mais celle-ci ne présente pas des indicateurs de risque comparables entre les provinces. La rareté de ces études ne résulte pas d’un manque d’intérêt, mais plutôt des difficultés méthodologiques à produire des indicateurs provinciaux comparables. C’est à la demande de la direction de la prévention-inspection de la CSST que cette étude comparative, entre les provinces, a été réalisée. Elle a pour objectif …

Compensated Fatalities Following A Work Injury: Comparison Of Québec, Ontario And British Columbia, 1997-2003, Patrice Duguay, Paul Massicotte

Portraits statistiques

At the time of this study, no study existed comparing the risks of work-related fatalities in Québec and in any of the Canadian provinces or territories. Since then, a study was published in December 2006 but it does not present comparable risk indicators for the provinces. The rarity of these studies is not due to a lack of interest, but rather to the methodological difficulties in producing comparable provincial indicators. A request from the CSST’s prevention-inspection division led to this comparative study of the provinces. Its goal was to compare the overall situation of work-related fatalities in three Canadian provinces, …

Profil Statistique Des Lésions Professionnelles Et De Leur Gravité Chez Les Travailleurs De La Restauration, 2001-2004, Jean-François Godin, Paul Massicotte

Portraits statistiques

Ce rapport vise principalement à produire un bilan des lésions professionnelles survenues dans le secteur de la restauration au cours des années 2001 à 2004. Il met l’accent sur la gravité des lésions professionnelles survenues dans le secteur de la restauration. Des profils d’accidents et un portrait général des travailleurs du secteur de la restauration viennent enrichir le portrait statistique.

Il s’agit essentiellement d’une étude descriptive effectuée à partir des données administratives de 2001 à 2004 du Dépôt de données central et régional (DDCR) de la CSST. Afin de faire ressortir, dans le présent document, un portrait actuel des travailleurs …

Palmore Comes Of Age: The Place Of Race In The Placement Of Children, David D. Meyer

University of Florida Journal of Law & Public Policy

No abstract provided.