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2006

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Expression And Function Of Alpha3 And Beta2 Neuronal Nicotinic Acetylcholine Receptor Subunits In Hek-293 Cells, Nathan W. Steinhafel Dec 2006

Expression And Function Of Alpha3 And Beta2 Neuronal Nicotinic Acetylcholine Receptor Subunits In Hek-293 Cells, Nathan W. Steinhafel

Theses and Dissertations

Single-cell real-time quantitative RT-PCR was used to characterize the mRNA expression of rat neuronal nicotinic acetylcholine receptor (nAChR) subunits α3 and β2 in CA1 hippocampus stratum radiatum and stratum oriens interneurons. α3β2 co-expression was detected in 43% of interneurons analyzed. The nAChR subtype α3β2 was transiently expressed in cells derived from the human embryonic kidney cell line 293 at mRNA levels found in the CA1. The functional properties of α3β2 in HEK-293 cells were characterized by whole-cell patch clamping using acetylcholine (ACh) as an agonist. The kinetics of α3β2 channels were further analyzed by altering the level of α3 DNA …

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Testing Hypothesized Evolutionary Shifts Toward Stress Tolerance In Hybrid Helianthus Species, Larry C. Brouillette, Maheteme Gebremedhin, David M. Rosenthal, Lisa A. Donovan Dec 2006

Testing Hypothesized Evolutionary Shifts Toward Stress Tolerance In Hybrid Helianthus Species, Larry C. Brouillette, Maheteme Gebremedhin, David M. Rosenthal, Lisa A. Donovan

Western North American Naturalist

We examined how plant traits related to growth and resource use have evolved during hybrid speciation and specialization into stressful habitats. Two desert sunflower species of homoploid hybrid origin are endemic to habitats with lower soil nutrient levels than those of their ancestral parent species. We hypothesized that the hybrid species would exhibit greater tolerance to low levels of soil nutrients than their parental species. The 2 hybrid species, Helianthus anomalus and H. deserticola, and their parental species, H. annuus and H. petiolaris, were compared for plant traits and growth through reproduction under 3 nutrient levels in a …

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Long-Term Effects Of Tebuthiuron On Bromus Tectorum, Dana M. Blumenthal, Urszula Norton, Justin D. Derner, Jean D. Reeder Dec 2006

Long-Term Effects Of Tebuthiuron On Bromus Tectorum, Dana M. Blumenthal, Urszula Norton, Justin D. Derner, Jean D. Reeder

Western North American Naturalist

Use of herbicides to thin dense stands of Artemisia spp. (sagebrush) can free up resources for herbaceous plants and increase forage production, but may also facilitate weed invasion. We revisited a sagebrush thinning experiment in a north central Wyoming big sagebrush–grassland 11 years after application of tebuthiuron (N-[5-(1,1-dimethylethyl)-1,3,4-thiadiazol-2-yl]-N-N′-dimethylurea) to determine the long-term responses of shrubs, available soil resources, perennial grasses, and Bromus tectorum L. (downy brome). Tebuthiuron reduced shrub cover by more than half, from 31% in untreated plots to 15% in treated plots (P = 0.002), and increased downy brome cover approximately 4-fold, from 0.9% in untreated plots …

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Microhabitat-Specific Controls On Soil Respiration And Denitrification In The Mojave Desert: The Role Of Harvester Ant Nests And Vegetation, Jeremy B. Jones, Diane Wagner Dec 2006

Microhabitat-Specific Controls On Soil Respiration And Denitrification In The Mojave Desert: The Role Of Harvester Ant Nests And Vegetation, Jeremy B. Jones, Diane Wagner

Western North American Naturalist

Seed harvesting ants (Pogonomyrmex rugosus) concentrate organic matter and nutrients near their nests and create biogeochemical hotspots in desert soil. We examined factors regulating denitrification and soil respiration in a Mojave Desert ecosystem to determine the role harvester ant colonies play in nitrogen loss and carbon mineralization. Organic matter and nutrient storage were significantly greater in colonies than under the dominant vegetation (i.e., Pleuraphis rigida, a bunch grass) and in bare soil, with standing stocks of inorganic nitrogen in colonies nearly 4-fold greater than in the other microhabitats. Soil respiration, measured with laboratory incubations, was below detection …

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Effects Of Temperature On The Survival And Growth Of Age-0 Least Chub (Iotichthys Phlegethontis), Eric J. Billman, Eric J. Wagner, Ronney E. Arndt Dec 2006

Effects Of Temperature On The Survival And Growth Of Age-0 Least Chub (Iotichthys Phlegethontis), Eric J. Billman, Eric J. Wagner, Ronney E. Arndt

Western North American Naturalist

Larval and juvenile stages of many fishes require nursery habitats that provide optimal conditions for growth. Loss or degradation of these habitats limits recruitment, causing population and species declines. Least chub (Iotichthys phlegethontis), an endemic cyprinid in the Bonneville Basin, is currently restricted to a few spring complexes in Utah. This species utilizes the warm shallow spring margins as spawning and rearing habitat throughout the summer. This study was conducted to determine effects of temperature on survival and growth of age-0 least chub to understand the importance of temperature in selection of spring margins as rearing habitat. Age-0 …

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Correlation Of Neighborhood Relationships, Carbon Assimilation, And Water Status Of Sagebrush Seedlings Establishing After Fire, Katherine Dicristina, Matthew Germino Dec 2006

Correlation Of Neighborhood Relationships, Carbon Assimilation, And Water Status Of Sagebrush Seedlings Establishing After Fire, Katherine Dicristina, Matthew Germino

Western North American Naturalist

Interactions of Artemisia tridentata ssp. vaseyana (mountain big sagebrush) and neighboring herbs may affect community development following fire in sagebrush steppe. Dry mass, photosynthesis, and water relations were measured for seedlings of A. tridentata ssp. vaseyana occurring at different distances from neighboring herbs in the initial growing seasons following fire, when herbs dominate plant community cover. Seedling mass significantly increased as distance to neighboring herbs increased, although a low r2 indicated that mass was also affected by other sources of variation. Carbon assimilation (Anet) was also greater for A. tridentata ssp. vaseyana seedlings in microsites farther …

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Serologic Survey Of The Island Spotted Skunk On Santa Cruz Island, Victoria J. Bakker, Dirk H. Van Vuren, Kevin R. Crooks, Cheryl A. Scott, Jeffery T. Wilcox, David K. Garcelon Dec 2006

Serologic Survey Of The Island Spotted Skunk On Santa Cruz Island, Victoria J. Bakker, Dirk H. Van Vuren, Kevin R. Crooks, Cheryl A. Scott, Jeffery T. Wilcox, David K. Garcelon

Western North American Naturalist

Two rare endemic carnivores occur on California's northern Channel Islands: island spotted skunks (Spilogale gracilis amphiala) and island foxes (Urocyon littoralis). As insular carnivores, both may be particularly vulnerable to novel pathogens. We tested sera from 31 island spotted skunks on Santa Cruz Island, where both skunks and foxes occur sympatrically, to establish their exposure to disease agents. One skunk (3%) tested positive for canine heartworm, and 3 skunks (10%) tested positive for canine parvovirus. None showed evidence of exposure to canine adenovirus, canine distemper virus, canine herpesvirus, Leptospira bacteria (serovars pomona, canicola, and …

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Stand-Level Herbivory In An Old-Growth Conifer Forest Canopy, David C. Shaw, Kristina A. Ernest, H. Bruce Rinker, Margaret D. Lowman Dec 2006

Stand-Level Herbivory In An Old-Growth Conifer Forest Canopy, David C. Shaw, Kristina A. Ernest, H. Bruce Rinker, Margaret D. Lowman

Western North American Naturalist

Herbivory is an important ecological process in forest canopies but is difficult to measure, especially for whole stands. We used the Wind River Canopy Crane in Washington State to access 101 randomly-located sample points throughout the forest canopy. This provided a relatively quick and convenient way to estimate herbivory for a whole stand. The overall level of herbivory was estimated at 1.6% of leaf area. The distribution was strongly skewed to the lower canopy where broad-leafed species experienced higher levels of herbivory. Herbivory averaged 0.3% in conifers and 13.5% in broad-leafed species. Fully half of the sample points had no …

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Populations And Habitat Relationships Of Piute Ground Squirrels In Southwestern Idaho, Karen Steenhof, Eric Yensen, Michael N. Kochert, Kenneth L. Gage Dec 2006

Populations And Habitat Relationships Of Piute Ground Squirrels In Southwestern Idaho, Karen Steenhof, Eric Yensen, Michael N. Kochert, Kenneth L. Gage

Western North American Naturalist

Piute ground squirrels (Spermophilus mollis idahoensis) are normally above ground from late January until late June or early July in the Snake River Birds of Prey National Conservation Area in southwestern Idaho. In 2002 they were rarely seen above ground after early May. Because of the ecological importance of ground squirrels for nesting raptors and other species, we sought to determine the reasons for their early disappearance. We sampled 12 sites from January 2003 through March 2003 to determine if a population crash had occurred in 2002. Tests indicated that Piute ground squirrels had not been exposed to …

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Ontogenetic And Habitat-Related Changes In Diet Of Late Larval And Juvenile Suckers (Catostomidae) In Upper Klamath Lake, Oregon, Douglas F. Markle, Kale Clauson Dec 2006

Ontogenetic And Habitat-Related Changes In Diet Of Late Larval And Juvenile Suckers (Catostomidae) In Upper Klamath Lake, Oregon, Douglas F. Markle, Kale Clauson

Western North American Naturalist

We describe ontogenetic patterns in the diets of shortnose and Lost River suckers (15.8–92.8 mm standard length) from Upper Klamath Lake in summer 1999. Both species made a transition from surface and planktonic prey to benthic prey at about 20–30 mm standard length, corresponding to the approximate size of the juvenile morphological transition. Surface prey was dominated by adult chironomids and undigestable pollen, while benthic prey was dominated by larval chironomids, chydorids, and ostracods. In the 15–20-mm size class, pollen made up >75% of food particles in 68% of specimens, and only 2 specimens in this size class lacked any …

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Ecology Of Owens Valley Vole (Microtus Californicus Vallicola), Fletcher C. Nelson, Michael L. Morrison, Roel R. Lopez, Fred E. Smeins, Nova J. Silvy Dec 2006

Ecology Of Owens Valley Vole (Microtus Californicus Vallicola), Fletcher C. Nelson, Michael L. Morrison, Roel R. Lopez, Fred E. Smeins, Nova J. Silvy

Western North American Naturalist

No abstract provided.

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Invasion Biology: Critique Of A Pseudoscience By David Theodoropoulos, Howard Clark Dec 2006

Invasion Biology: Critique Of A Pseudoscience By David Theodoropoulos, Howard Clark

Western North American Naturalist

No abstract provided.

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The Murray State News, December 8, 2006, The Murray State News Dec 2006

The Murray State News, December 8, 2006, The Murray State News

Murray State University Collection

No abstract provided.

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Wildlife Use Of Douglas-Fir Dwarf Mistletoe Witches' Brooms In The Southwest, Shaula J. Hedwall, Robert L. Mathiasen Dec 2006

Wildlife Use Of Douglas-Fir Dwarf Mistletoe Witches' Brooms In The Southwest, Shaula J. Hedwall, Robert L. Mathiasen

Western North American Naturalist

We evaluated wildlife use of witches' brooms associated with infection by Douglas-fir dwarf mistletoe (Arceuthobium douglasii) in 6 mixed-conifer study areas in Arizona and 2 areas in New Mexico. We climbed 153 infected Douglas-firs (Pseudotsuga menziesii) and examined 706 witches' brooms for evidence of wildlife use. Even though we observed evidence of use by birds, most wildlife use was by small mammals, particularly red squirrels (Tamiasciurus hudsonicus). Red squirrels used witches' brooms for nesting, foraging, caching, and as latrines. Witches' brooms classified as Type II or III brooms, located close to the main bole …

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Characterization Of The Dorsal Skin Gland Of The Texas Kangaroo Rat, Dipodomys Elator (Rodentia: Heteromyidae), Frederick B. Stangl Jr., Jim R. Goetze, Michael M. Shipley, Desiree A. Early Dec 2006

Characterization Of The Dorsal Skin Gland Of The Texas Kangaroo Rat, Dipodomys Elator (Rodentia: Heteromyidae), Frederick B. Stangl Jr., Jim R. Goetze, Michael M. Shipley, Desiree A. Early

Western North American Naturalist

The dorsal skin gland appears to be a sexually dimorphic character for all species of Dipodomys; however, this feature has not been characterized for most taxa. Previous studies of several species have demonstrated the histological uniqueness of the gland in D. spectabilis. Other attempts to correlate seasonal variation in gland size with reproductive patterns have met with mixed success. An examination of the dorsal skin glands of 333 museum study skins of adult Dipodomys elator demonstrated a July–August size decrease in both sexes, although the glands of males were larger and more variable in size than those of …

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A Longevity Record For Canada Lynx, Lynx Canadensis, In Western Montana, Jay A. Kolbe, John R. Squires Dec 2006

A Longevity Record For Canada Lynx, Lynx Canadensis, In Western Montana, Jay A. Kolbe, John R. Squires

Western North American Naturalist

No abstract provided.

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The Interdisciplinary Turn In Legal Education , Anthony D'Amato Dec 2006

The Interdisciplinary Turn In Legal Education , Anthony D'Amato

ExpressO

The nature of law and legal practice is changing with the addition of interdisciplinary scholars to law-school faculties and interdisciplinary studies to the law curriculum. However, the accessibility of non-law disciplinarians in the rest of the university raises the question of the cost-effectiveness and opportunity costs of importing them directly into the law school. This Article criticizes the interdisciplinary turn on three grounds. First is the unlikelihood that the joint-degreed persons who join the law faculty will happen to be the ones that their colleagues will end up collaborating with. Second is the even greater unlikelihood that any given discipline …

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Spartan Daily, December 7, 2006, San Jose State University, School Of Journalism And Mass Communications Dec 2006

Spartan Daily, December 7, 2006, San Jose State University, School Of Journalism And Mass Communications

Spartan Daily (School of Journalism and Mass Communications)

Volume 127, Issue 56

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The Minutes Of The Marshall University Faculty Senate Meeting, December 7, 2006, Marshall University Faculty Senate Dec 2006

The Minutes Of The Marshall University Faculty Senate Meeting, December 7, 2006, Marshall University Faculty Senate

Faculty Senate Minutes

No abstract provided.

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Mustang Daily, December 7, 2006 Dec 2006

Mustang Daily, December 7, 2006

Cal Poly Student Newspaper

Student newspaper of California Polytechnic State University, San Luis Obispo, CA.

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December 7, 2006, James Madison University Dec 2006

December 7, 2006, James Madison University

The Breeze, 2000-2009

The Breeze is the student newspaper of James Madison University in Harrisonburg, Virginia.

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R.I.T. News & Events - December 7, 2006, University News Services, Rochester Institute Of Technology Dec 2006

R.I.T. News & Events - December 7, 2006, University News Services, Rochester Institute Of Technology

University Publications

Ashok Rao appointed Saunders college dean, Buckeye fan is truly a Tiger at heart, Research experience powers college of science student's future, Schumer touts tax credit, News briefs, University news: Getting the scoop on the web, Quartet to bring beautiful music to campus, Drive project heads to New Orleans, Natural-light color photographer visits, Babies take center stage at Bevier show, RIT and reaccreditation, Health care reform explained, Leadership changes ahead, Principal investigators go to 'boot camp', It's elementary, Holiday wishes from President Simone, RIT train show chuggin' along, Cyberspace grid for NYS, To the delight of shoppers

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Daily Eastern News: December 07, 2006, Eastern Illinois University Dec 2006

Daily Eastern News: December 07, 2006, Eastern Illinois University

December

No abstract provided.

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The Comment, December 7, 2006, Bridgewater State College Dec 2006

The Comment, December 7, 2006, Bridgewater State College

The Comment

No abstract provided.

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Lanthorn, Vol. 41, No. 30, December 7, 2006, Grand Valley State University Dec 2006

Lanthorn, Vol. 41, No. 30, December 7, 2006, Grand Valley State University

Volume 41, July 13, 2006 - June 14, 2007

Lanthorn is Grand Valley State's student newspaper, published from 1968 to the present.

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The Daily Egyptian, December 07, 2006, Daily Egyptian Staff Dec 2006

The Daily Egyptian, December 07, 2006, Daily Egyptian Staff

December 2006

No abstract provided.

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December 7, 2006, University Of North Dakota Dec 2006

December 7, 2006, University Of North Dakota

University Senate Meeting Minutes

Minutes from the December 7, 2006, meeting of the University Senate. 25 pages

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The Advocate, December 7, 2006, Minnesota State University Moorhead Dec 2006

The Advocate, December 7, 2006, Minnesota State University Moorhead

The Advocate

No abstract provided.

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An Analysis Of The Accounting Methods Used By Builders Producing Twenty-Five Or Fewer Homes Per Year, David Andrus Dec 2006

An Analysis Of The Accounting Methods Used By Builders Producing Twenty-Five Or Fewer Homes Per Year, David Andrus

Theses and Dissertations

Accounting plays a crucial role in the success of any business, but it is particularly vital in the construction industry, a complex field that typically requires the coordination of multiple subcontractors and multiple jobs in any given year. Although small-volume home builders make up 70 percent of the membership of the National Association of Home Builders (NAHB), a trade association of the home building industry, little is known about the accounting practices of these builders. This thesis undertook to study the accounting practices of small-volume home builders. Small-volume home builders were defined as those producing 25 homes or fewer in …

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Evolution In Neotropical Herpetofauna: Species Boundaries In High Andean Frogs And Evolutionary Genetics In The Lava Lizard Genus Microlophus (Squamata: Tropiduridae): A History Of Colonization And Dispersal, Edgar Benavides Dec 2006

Evolution In Neotropical Herpetofauna: Species Boundaries In High Andean Frogs And Evolutionary Genetics In The Lava Lizard Genus Microlophus (Squamata: Tropiduridae): A History Of Colonization And Dispersal, Edgar Benavides

Theses and Dissertations

In this collection of papers I have summarized my investigations into the field of evolutionary genetics and more specifically into patterns of biodiversity and evolutionary processes. The lizards (and frogs) studied here share common features in that they are largely present in unique environments, which are also regions that are biologically understudied. Most of these taxa show high degrees of endemism, interesting natural history characteristics, and each group manifests distinctive adaptations of general evolutionary interest. My work in the genus Telmatobius has been a progressive approach that began in my MS program, and it first focused on alpha taxonomy, morphological …

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