Digital Commons Network^™

Tropical Forest Structure: Ground Measurements Of Coarse Necromass And Satellite Observations Of Crown Geometry, Michael W. Palace

Doctoral Dissertations

Forests are structurally diverse, but these structures derive from the same processes of disturbance and growth. Understanding forest structure can help unlock the history, function, and future of a forested ecosystem. Components of forest structure include tree size distributions, foliage distributions and variation in canopy density, and coarse woody debris (coarse necromass). Tropical rainforests are structurally the most complex of all ecosystems. In addition to having high biological diversity, Amazon forests are marked by complex vegetation dynamics and a diverse forest stand structures, which play an important role in the interactions of water and carbon between the biosphere and atmosphere. …

A Molecular And Morphological Investigation Of The Red Seaweed Genus Porphyra (Bangiales, Rhodophyta) In The Northwest Atlantic, Troy Lee Bray

Doctoral Dissertations

To evaluate the possible occurrence of cryptic Porphyra taxa in the Northwest Atlantic, extensive field collections were made during winter and spring periods when relatively few previous collections had been made. Approximately 100 different sites extending from Chance Harbor, New Brunswick, Canada to Rye, New York, USA, were sampled during multiple years (2001-2005). Historical specimens from several herbaria (NHA, FH, BM, WTU, MICH, US) were also examined for possible cryptic taxa. A combination of morphological and molecular tools was used to screen both recent and historical collections.

Sequences from the plastid-encoded, ribulose-1, 5-bisphosphate carboxylase-oxygenase large subunit (rbcL) gene and rbcL- …

Phylogenetic Relationships Of Monocots Based On The Highly Informative Plastid Gene Ndhf, Thomas J. Givnish, J. Chris Pires, Sean W. Graham, Marc A. Mcpherson, Linda M. Prince, Thomas B. Patterson, Hardeep S. Rai, Eric H. Roalson, Timothy M. Evans, William J. Hahn, Kendra C. Millam, Alan W. Meerow, Mia Molvray, Paul J. Kores, Heath W. O'Brien, Jocelyn C. Hall, W. John Kress, Kenneth J. Sytsma

Aliso: A Journal of Systematic and Floristic Botany

We used ndhF sequence variation to reconstruct relationships across 282 taxa representing 78 monocot families and all 12 orders. The resulting tree is highly resolved and places commelinids sister to Asparagales, with both sister to Liliales—Pandanales in the strict consensus; Pandanales are sister to Dioscoreales in the bootstrap majority-rule tree, just above Petrosaviales. Acorales are sister to all other monocots, with Alismatales sister to all but Acorales. Relationships among the four major clades of commelinids remain unresolved. Relationships within orders are consistent with those based on rbcL, alone or in combination with atpB and 18S nrDNA, and …

Fleshy Fruits In Liliflorous Monocots, Finn N. Rasmussen, Signe Frederikson, Bo Johansen, Lise Bolt Jørgenson, Gitte Peterson

Aliso: A Journal of Systematic and Floristic Botany

Fleshy fruits occur in several monocot orders and families, and it is generally assumed that they have been derived from capsular fruits many times during the evolution of monocot lineages. Huber hypothesized in 1969 that most capsules in Asparagales are derived secondarily from berries and that this transformation was correlated with the evolution of phytomelan-coated seeds, a pivotal character in his circumscription of Asparagales as part of reclassifying Liliaceae s.l. Dahlgren and co-workers suggested several parallel derivations and "reversals" in this character, e.g., the transformation sequence trifollicular fruits → capsules → berries→ capsules→ berries. Mapping of fleshy fruits on a …

Molecular Basis Of Development In Petaloid Monocot Flowers, Bo Johansen, Signe Frederikson

Aliso: A Journal of Systematic and Floristic Botany

and several studies have confirmed the extended ABC model as the molecular background of flower development in this plant group. The core eudicots are characterized as having one copy of each of the B-class genes and at least two copies of A-class genes: one is expressed in floral meristems, the other in inflorescence meristems. In monocots and non-core eudicots the validity of the ABC model is under discussion. Generally, more than one functional copy is found of at least one of the B-class genes. The A-class genes apparently are expressed in meristems of both flower and inflorescence. Morphologically petaloid stamens …

Conservation Biology For Seven Palm Species From Diverse Genera, Christopher B. Wood, Helen J. Vautier, Wen Bin, Laurent G. Rakotondranony, Hugh W. Pritchard

Aliso: A Journal of Systematic and Floristic Botany

Arecaceae are a relatively large family with a considerable number of species of local and global socioeconomic importance. Many species are also under threat of impending extinction, indicating an urgent need to improve their conservation prospects. Here we present studies on seven palm species (Adonidia merrillii, Caryota urens, Livistona muelleri, Ravenea rivularis, Sabal [minor var. louisiana], Trachycarpus latisectus, and Wallichia disticha) from diverse genera in relation to various seed traits, including germination, desiccation tolerance, and weight. Germination varied from ca. 12-100% and mean time to germinate ranged from four days to …

The Never-Ending Story: Multigene Approaches To The Phylogeny Of Amaryllidaceae, Alan W. Meerow, Dierdré A. Snijman

Aliso: A Journal of Systematic and Floristic Botany

a whole, strongly supported the mostly African tribe Amaryllideae as sister to the rest of the family, and resolved geographically-based monophyletic groups, but failed to resolve the relationships among several basal lineages in the family (the African Haemantheae and Cyrtantheae, the Australasian Calostemmateae, and the American and Eurasian sister clades). We present analysis of plastid ndhF sequences that fully resolved the major clades of the family. The baccate-fruited Haemantheae and Calostemmateae are sister tribes, and the African endemic Cyrtantheae is sister to them both. This clade is sister to an American/Eurasian clade. We also present preliminary nuclear ribosomal ITS …

The Good, The Bad, The Ugly: Using Naturally Occurring Terata To Distinguish The Possible From The Impossible In Orchid Floral Evolution, Richard M. Bateman, Paula J. Rudall

Aliso: A Journal of Systematic and Floristic Botany

We interpret extensive field observations of terata in the context of recent insights into monocot phylogeny and evolutionary-developmental genetics to explore the evolution of the orchid flower. Our arguably typological classification of floral terata focuses on natural occurrences of three contrasting modes of peloria (restoration of actinomorphy in a formerly zygomorphic perianth) and three contrasting modes of pseudopeloria (lessening of the degree of zygomorphy shown by the evolutionarily preceding perianth). Dynamic evolutionary transitions in floral morphology are assigned to recently revised concepts of heterotopy (including homeosis: evolutionary transitions in position of expression) and heterochrony (evolutionary transitions in timing of expression), …

A Synopsis Of Melanthiaceae (Liliales) With Focus On Character Evolution In Tribe Melanthieae, Wendy B. Zomlefer, Walter S. Judd, W. Mark Whitten, Norris H. Williams

Aliso: A Journal of Systematic and Floristic Botany

Melanthiaceae s.l. comprises five tribes: Chionographideae, Heloniadeae, Melanthieae, Parideae, and Xerophylleae—each defined by distinctive autapomorphies. The most morphologically diverse tribe Melanthieae, now with seven genera, had not been subject to rigorous phylogenetic character study prior to the current series of investigations that also include an overview of the family. Data from our publications and studies underway are here assessed and integrated, providing a useful overview of Melanthiaceae, and especially of Melanthieae. The results of parsimony analyses of ITS (nuclear ribosomal) and trnL-F (plastid) DNA sequence data correlate with potentially synapomorphic phenotypic characters for genera of Melanthieae, including habit form, …

"The Great Divorce" Of Government And Marriage: Changing The Nature Of The Gay Marriage Debate, Cynthia M. Davis

Marquette Law Review

No abstract provided.

The Stem Cell Debate, William J. Wagner, Ursula Weide

Scholarly Articles

No abstract provided.

Law, Religion, And Medical Science: Conjunctive Or Disjunctive?, George P. Smith Ii

Scholarly Articles

No abstract provided.

To What Extent Does Wealth Maximization Benefit Farmed Animals? A Law And Economics Approach To A Ban On Gestation Crates In Pig Production, Geoffrey C. Evans

Animal Law Review

A law and economics approach in the current animals-as-property realm could be the most efficient way to gain protections for the billions of farmed animals that need them now. The wealth maximization theory allows for this because it recognizes human valuation of nonhuman interests. However, evidence shows that a market failure exists because of the discord between public will and animal industry practices. Where human valuation of nonhuman interests is underrepresented in the market and, therefore, a market fix is needed through legislation, animal advocates should evaluate the legislation’s economic impacts. In the case of a ban on gestation crates, …

An Environmental Pool For The Rio Grande, Kara Gillon

Publications

The Bureau of Reclamation and Corps of Engineers operate a series of dams, reservoirs, and levees along the Middle Rio Grande of New Mexico. The plight of the Rio Grande silvery minnow, an endangered species, and of the river itself demonstrates the need for a change from the emphasis on water development to sustainable river management. Conservation groups invoked the protections of the Endangered Species Act to catalyze this change. Recognizing that flexibility is necessary to meeting competing water needs, the groups also promoted the need for and several approaches to a sustainable and long-term approach to river management and …

Colorblind Must Not Mean Blind To The Realities Facing Black Children, Zanita E. Fenton

Articles

No abstract provided.

In-Situ Ammonia Removal Of Leachate From Bioreactor Landfills, Nicole Berge

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

A new and promising trend in solid waste management is to operate the landfill as a bioreactor. Bioreactor landfills are controlled systems in which moisture addition and/or air injection are used as enhancements to create a solid waste environment capable of actively degrading the biodegradable organic fraction of the waste. Although there are many advantages associated with bioreactor landfills, some challenges remain. One such challenge is the ammonia-nitrogen concentration found in the leachate. The concentrations of ammonia-nitrogen tend to increase beyond concentrations found in leachate from conventional landfills because recirculating leachate increases the rate of ammonification and results in accumulation …

Removal Of Refractory Tkn From An Effluent Wastewater Using Sodium Ferrate, Lucia Lettie

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

This research addresses refractory forms of nitrogen that, even with advanced biological nitrification-denitrification systems are not removed completely from domestic wastewater. TKN (Total Kjeldahl Nitrogen), ammonia plus organic nitrogen, is one of the forms to measure the levels of nitrogen present in effluent wastewaters. Ferrate, a strong oxidant, was used for the treatment of these nitrogen forms with the objective of producing nitrogen compounds that can be removed by subsequent biological processes. Bench-scale experiments were performed on effluent samples taken prior to chlorination from an Orlando, FL wastewater treatment facility, using a biological nutrient removal process. The samples were treated …

First Person Perspectives Of The Impact Of Segregation And The Civil Rights Movement On Southern White Racism, Jeff Dockswell

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

The Civil Rights Movement of the 1960s and 1970s profoundly changed the lives of many young southern White citizens. Southern racism was a product of traditional indoctrination common in the culture of the Old South. During the generations after slavery to the Civil Rights Era, vulnerable White children were typically exposed to racist and prejudiced influences from families, fellow citizens, education, popular culture, and segregation laws established within their communities. The Civil Rights Movement brought forth elaborate legal reforms that broke segregation and enabled integration programs to take place at schools and other public institutions, which ultimately expanded many southerners' …

"Sufficient" Capacity: The Contrasting Capacity Requirements For Different Documents, Mary F. Radford, Lawrence A. Frolik

Faculty Publications By Year

In Anglo-American law, the concept of mental "capacity" is used to measure the degree to which an individual has the "mental ability to understand the nature and effects of one's acts" as determined by a medical or cognitive assessment of an individual's mental ability. Based on an individual's mental capacity, the law decides whether the individual had sufficient capacity to engage in the action in question. The legal concept of mental capacity, therefore, is the basis for "when a state legitimately may take action to limit an individual's rights to make decisions about his or her own person or property." …

Genetic Diversity And Gene Flow In Fragmented Populations Of The Rare Shrub, Calothamnus Sp. Whicher, Sean Stankowski

Theses : Honours

Ca/othamnus sp. Whicher (Myrtaceae) is a narrow range endemic shrub restricted to ironstone soils near the town of Busselton in south-western Australia. Due to extensive land clearing for agriculture and mineral exploration, the species is fragmented over the majority of its range. In the present study, microsatellite markers were used to characterise levels of genetic diversity and describe levels of differentiation and gene flow among seven small, isolated road verge populations. Allelic diversity within the taxon over the six microsatellites was high (A = 17.6 ± 1.6). Diversity within populations was considerably lower (A = 5.19 ± 1.27), …

Review Of The Reenchantment Of Nineteenth-Century Fiction: Dickens, Thackeray, George Eliot, And Serialization, David Payne

The George Eliot Review Online, ISSN: 2831-5375

'To begin reading George Eliot,' David Payne suggests, 'is speedily to encounter the conviction that modernity is best approached from an oblique angle.' Unlike, say, her contemporary, Charles Dickens, George Eliot's fictions 'return us to the provincial settings of Austen and Scott; and they set their actions in historical pasts which, as we read along, soon appear quite specific.' Payne's study of Dickens, Thackeray and George Eliot is primarily concerned with the Victorian response to modernity, but in a fairly specific methodological way, that entwines 'the ideological history of theology and political economy, the literary history of the novel, and …

An Honors Pilot Course: Cross-Cultural Service And Inquiry-Based Learning In Mérida, Mexico, Theresa Minick, Victoria Bocchicchio

Honors in Practice Online Archive

The guiding document for Kent State University’s Honors College, “The Nature of an Honors Course,” describes some of the unique aspects that set Honors courses apart from non-Honors courses. We expect an Honors course to be an experience and a process; we encourage students to take initiatives in determining the directions of the courses. One of our driving goals is to find ways to help students extract more intellectual value out of their university experiences, and the cross-cultural pilot course in Mérida, México described here was designed with that goal in mind.

Great Questions That Have Changed The World* (Hon 183), Dave Pruett

Honors in Practice Online Archive

“Which [do we] love more, the small island of [our] so-called knowledge or the sea of infinite mystery?” (Karl Rahner). “Great Questions” are those that radically alter our perceptions of physical reality, of self, and/or of our place in the universe. For example, Jacob Bronowski observed of Einstein that he was “a man who could ask immensely simple questions” from whose answers he could “hear God thinking.” Einstein’s theories of special and general relativity each originated from simple questions and Gedanken (thought) experiments that can be readily grasped by ordinary persons. It is the answers that are extraordinary. The course …

Editorial, Volume 2 - 2006, Ada Long, Dail Mullins

Honors in Practice Online Archive

Table of Contents:

Editorial Policy

Submission Guidelines

Dedication to Ted Estess

Editor’s Introduction by Ada Long

Honors in Chile: New Engagements in the Higher Education System by Juan Carlos Skewes, Carlos Alberto Cioce Sampaio, and Frederick J. Conway

Dominican University of California’s Honors Program and its Relation to University Heritage and Mission by Jayati Ghosh, M. Patricia Dougherty, and Kenneth Porada

Community Beyond Honors: Butler University’s Community Fellows Program by Margaret Brabant and Anne M. Wilson

Leadership in Scholarship Program by Matthew L. Smith and Jason C. Vallee

How to Develop and Promote an Undergraduate Research Day by Michael K. …

Honors In Practice, Volume 2 (Complete Issue)

Honors in Practice Online Archive

TABLE OF CONTENTS
Editorial Policy
Submission Guidelines
Dedication to Ted Estess
Editor’s Introduction-- Ada Long

HONORS DESIGNS
Honors in Chile: New Engagements in the Higher Education System-- Juan Carlos Skewes, Carlos Alberto Cioce Sampaio, and Frederick J. Conway
Dominican University of California’s Honors Program and its Relation to University Heritage and Mission-- Jayati Ghosh, M. Patricia Dougherty, and Kenneth Porada

HONORS INITIATIVES
Community Beyond Honors: Butler University’s Community Fellows Program Margaret Brabant and Anne M. Wilson
Leadership in Scholarship Program Matthew L. Smith and Jason C. Vallee
How to Develop and Promote an Undergraduate Research Day Michael K. Cundall Jr …

They Filched Our Program! How To Turn That Into A Good Thing, Anne Wilson, Melissa Ludwa

Honors in Practice Online Archive

The Butler University Honors Program, like many other honors programs and colleges, is often the generator of “good ideas” on campus. We are considered an experimental classroom environment for piloting new courses, programming ideas, and/or introducing potential new areas of study. Both faculty and students recognize this characteristic of the program, and we are pleased to serve as a sort of laboratory for other campus initiatives. However, several key pieces of our Honors Program were recently folded into other aspects of our own university. While we know that imitation is the highest form of flattery, maintaining a distinct honors program …

A Preliminary Review Of Neotropical Primates In The Subsistence And Symbolism Of Indigenous Lowland South American Peoples, Loretta Cormier

Ecological and Environmental Anthropology (University of Georgia)

This article provides a review of selected literature of nonhuman primates in the subsistence and symbolism of indigenous lowland South American groups. While few works have focused specifically on the relationship between human and nonhuman primates in Amazonia and the surrounding areas, a number of ethnographic works do incorporate information about the roles of monkeys in varied groups. The section on subsistence focuses on the use of primates as food, including preferences, avoidances, and taboos. The section on symbolism focuses on the role of monkeys in myths, folklore, and in delineating the humanity/animality divide.

Review Of Conservation: Linking, Ecology, Economics, And Culture By Monique Borgerhoff Mulder And Peter Coppolillo, David Himmelfarb

Ecological and Environmental Anthropology (University of Georgia)

Guided by their extensive field experience in conservation research and practice, Monique Borgerhoff Mulder and Peter Coppolillo offer an encompassing introduction to some of the most pervasive and incendiary social and biological science debates concerning biodiversity conservation. As environmental conservation initiatives have expanded throughout the globe in recent decades, scholars primarily from the social sciences have begun to critically examine the often fraught social dynamics of such conservation. This body of work has ignited a series of fierce debates among those with a concern for local peoples who have found themselves marginalized by conservation, those with a concern for rapidly …

The Importance Of Integrative Anthropology: A Preliminary Investigation Employing Primatological And Cultural Anthropological Data Collectionmethods In Assessing Human-Monkey Co-Existence In Bali, Indonesia, James E. Loudon, Michaela E. Howells, Agustin Fuentes

Ecological and Environmental Anthropology (University of Georgia)

This study investigates the interplay between humans (Homo sapiens) and long-tailed macaques (Macaca fascicularis) living in sympatric associations at 11 Hindu temple sites on the island of Bali, Indonesia. Primatological methods were utilized to examine demography, habitat type, and record long-tailed macaque feeding, and ranging behavior. Additionally, interviews and questionnaires were conducted to ascertain Balinese individuals’ perspectives regarding the macaques, local folklores surrounding the macaques, the perceived level of human-macaque overlap, and the degree of crop raiding by the macaques. Ethnographic methods revealed that attitudes toward long-tailed macaques vary, suggesting that human perceptions are determined by religious/local folklores and potential …

Fields Of Opportunity: Wind Machines Return To The Plains, Jacob Sowers

Great Plains Quarterly (through 2013)

The last two decades have seen a rebirth of wind machines on the rural landscape. In ironic fashion the wind's kinetic energy has grown in significance through its ability to generate commercial amounts of electricity, the commodity that a few generations earlier hastened the demise of the old Great Plains windmill. Yet the reemergence of wind machines on the landscape has been slowed by local opposition. Many places across the country have seen resistance to the construction of vast wind turbine arrays. Although wind energy fulfills both the businessman's requirement for profit and the environmentalist's desire for clean electrical production, …