Open Access. Powered by Scholars. Published by Universities.®

Digital Commons Network™

Open Access. Powered by Scholars. Published by Universities.®

2006

Discipline
Institution
Keyword
Publication
Publication Type
File Type

Articles 10681 - 10710 of 12894

Full-Text Articles in Entire DC Network

Grammatical Morphology Of Children Reared In Poverty: Implications For Specific Language Impairment, Sonja L. Pruitt Jan 2006

Grammatical Morphology Of Children Reared In Poverty: Implications For Specific Language Impairment, Sonja L. Pruitt

LSU Doctoral Dissertations

In the current study, the past tense systems of children reared in poverty were examined. Guiding the study was Rice and Wexler’s (1996) Extended Optional Infinitive (EOI) account, which makes a number of predictions about the past tense systems of children with specific language impairment (SLI). The goal of the current study was to determine if these predictions apply to other children with weak language systems, such as those reared in poverty. The participants included 15 six-year-olds from low-income backgrounds (LSES), 15 age-matched peers from middle-income backgrounds (AM), and 15 language-matched peers from middle-income backgrounds (LM). All were African American …

Go to article

Development Of Spanish L2 Competence In A Synchronous Cmc (Chat Room) Environment: The Role Of Visually-Enhanced Recasts In Fostering Grammatical Knowledge And Changes In Communicative Language Use, Francisco Ramon Lluna-Mateu Jan 2006

Development Of Spanish L2 Competence In A Synchronous Cmc (Chat Room) Environment: The Role Of Visually-Enhanced Recasts In Fostering Grammatical Knowledge And Changes In Communicative Language Use, Francisco Ramon Lluna-Mateu

LSU Doctoral Dissertations

Taking into consideration some gaps observed in SLA research –noticing, recasts, input enhancement (IE),…– and in CALL/CMC research, a study was conducted among 12 advanced FL Spanish learners to assess whether and how, by communicating with a Spanish native speaker in 5 chat-room sessions, their language competence would develop in the following areas: 1) communication strategies; 2) communicative acts; and 3) grammatical knowledge of verb tense-aspect-mood (TAM) assignation. Subjects were assigned to a specific feedback condition/group (A: +recast, -enhancement; B: +recast, +enhancement; and C: no feedback) under which their TAM errors were treated in the sessions. Few research studies have …

Go to article

Effects Of Diesel-Fuel And Copper Contaminants On Benthic Microalgae, Soraya Silva Jan 2006

Effects Of Diesel-Fuel And Copper Contaminants On Benthic Microalgae, Soraya Silva

LSU Doctoral Dissertations

Salt marshes are dynamic, highly productive habitats and serve as nursery grounds for many commercially and economically important species. Benthic microalgae (BMA) are considered an important food source for benthos and provide the principal source of nutrition that fuels secondary production. Estuarine sediments around the world are a repository for many contaminants from anthropogenic sources. In particular, hydrocarbons and metals are ubiquitous contaminants in coastal systems. The primary goal of this study was to study the effects of diesel fuel and copper, alone and in combination, on the BMA assemblage from a coastal salt marsh. To achieve this objective, salt …

Go to article

Echinochloa Polystachya Management In Louisiana Rice, Roy Matthew Griffin Jan 2006

Echinochloa Polystachya Management In Louisiana Rice, Roy Matthew Griffin

LSU Doctoral Dissertations

E. polystachya introduced at stand densities (SD) of 10,000 through 70,000 stolon segments/ha produced 5.4 to 6 stolons/introduced segment; however, 130,000 through 520,000 SD produced 1.4 to 2.1 stolons per introduced segment indicating increased intra- and inter-specific competition. Stolon production was greater than 160,000 plants/ha with 30,000 through 520,000 SD. The 520,000 SD produced a total stolon length of 318 km/ha and no difference was observed for the 260,000 SD. Total node production was 290,000 nodes/ha with an average of 29 nodes/introduced segment in the 10,000 SD and 5.4 to 9.8 nodes/introduced segment with 70,000 or greater SD indicating greater …

Go to article

Rodent Malaria : Population Dynamics Of Early Sporogonic Development With The Mosequito Vector, Anopheles Stephensi, S K. Poudel Jan 2006

Rodent Malaria : Population Dynamics Of Early Sporogonic Development With The Mosequito Vector, Anopheles Stephensi, S K. Poudel

Theses and Dissertations

No abstract provided.

Go to article

Soldiers And Stereotypes : The Cultural Construction Of Americans, Arabs, And Neo-Imperialism, Kathleen Vacek Jan 2006

Soldiers And Stereotypes : The Cultural Construction Of Americans, Arabs, And Neo-Imperialism, Kathleen Vacek

Theses and Dissertations

No abstract provided.

Go to article

Why Use Geospatial Technologies In K-12 Education? : An Analysis Of Implementation From Spatial, Social, And Pedagogical Perspectives, Penny D. Pettit Jan 2006

Why Use Geospatial Technologies In K-12 Education? : An Analysis Of Implementation From Spatial, Social, And Pedagogical Perspectives, Penny D. Pettit

Theses and Dissertations

No abstract provided.

Go to article

Deconstructing The Mythology Of Free Trade: Critical Reflections On Comparative Advantage, Carmen Gonzalez Jan 2006

Deconstructing The Mythology Of Free Trade: Critical Reflections On Comparative Advantage, Carmen Gonzalez

Faculty Articles

The theory of comparative advantage serves as the theoretical justification for the neoliberal economic reforms promoted by the International Monetary Fund, the World Bank, and multilateral and regional free trade agreements. This article employs insights from both neoclassical and heterodox economics in order to critique the theory of comparative advantage as applied to the agricultural sector. In particular, the article takes aim at the illusory notion that eliminating distortions in international agricultural trade caused by the lavish agricultural subsidies of wealthy nations will be sufficient to “level the playing field” and promote prosperity in both developed and developing countries. The …

Go to article

Wanting, Liking, And Learning: Neuroscience And Paternalism, Colin F. Camerer Jan 2006

Wanting, Liking, And Learning: Neuroscience And Paternalism, Colin F. Camerer

University of Chicago Law Review

No abstract provided.

Go to article

Paternalism And Psychology, Edward L. Glaeser Jan 2006

Paternalism And Psychology, Edward L. Glaeser

University of Chicago Law Review

Does bounded rationality make paternalism more attractive? This Essay argues that errors will be larger when suppliers have stronger incentives or lower costs of persuasion and when consumers have weaker incentives to learn the truth. These comparative statics suggest that bounded rationality will often increase the costs of government decisionmaking relative to private decision-making, because consumers have better incentives to overcome errors than government decision-makers, consumers have stronger incentives to choose well when they are purchasing than when they are voting, and it is more costly to change the beliefs of millions of consumers than a handful of bureaucrats. As …

Go to article

Deserting Mothers, Abandoned Babies, Lost Fathers: Dangers In Safe Havens, Jeffrey A. Parness Jan 2006

Deserting Mothers, Abandoned Babies, Lost Fathers: Dangers In Safe Havens, Jeffrey A. Parness

Faculty Articles, Papers, and Other Scholarship

Safe Haven laws allow genetic mothers to abandon their newborns with no questions asked. Newborns are then protected from potential abuse or neglect and can be adopted at an early age into loving and welcoming families. Mothers are free to go on with their lives knowing that the best interests of their children have been secured. So what is wrong? The problem lies with the law's neglect of the genetic fathers. Seemingly, the parenthood opportunities often are lost without anyone asking the genetic fathers if they care. Furthermore, no matter how much better the children's lives, proper social policy demands …

Go to article

No Genetic Ties, No More Fathers: Voluntary Acknowledgment Recissions And Other Paternity Disestablishments Under Illinois Law, Jeffrey A. Parness Jan 2006

No Genetic Ties, No More Fathers: Voluntary Acknowledgment Recissions And Other Paternity Disestablishments Under Illinois Law, Jeffrey A. Parness

Faculty Articles, Papers, and Other Scholarship

This paper begins by examining federal paternity standards involving voluntary paternity acknowledgments of children born to unmarried women. These standards are increasingly important as voluntary acknowledgments are now typically required for birth certificate recognitions of paternity for children born to unmarried women and as the number of births to unmarried women in the United States has doubled in the past two decades. The paper then explores the confusion in Illinois over these standards arising from the 2004 Illinois Supreme Court decision in People v. Smith. It then illustrates that there is similar confusion nationwide. For example, there is much doubt …

Go to article

Preserving Madagascar’S Natural Heritage: The Importance Of Keeping The Islands’S Fossils In The Public Domain, Karen E. Samonds, D.W. Krause, P.M. O'Connor, A.H. Rasoamiaramanana, G.A. Buckley, P.S. Chatrath, D.A. Burney, M.T. Carrano, J.J. Flynn, C.A. Forster, Laurie R. Godfrey, W.L. Jungers, R.R. Rogers, E.L. Simons, A.R. Wyss Jan 2006

Preserving Madagascar’S Natural Heritage: The Importance Of Keeping The Islands’S Fossils In The Public Domain, Karen E. Samonds, D.W. Krause, P.M. O'Connor, A.H. Rasoamiaramanana, G.A. Buckley, P.S. Chatrath, D.A. Burney, M.T. Carrano, J.J. Flynn, C.A. Forster, Laurie R. Godfrey, W.L. Jungers, R.R. Rogers, E.L. Simons, A.R. Wyss

Faculty Articles, Papers, and Other Scholarship

Article argues for the development of adequate repositories and support infrastructure in Madagascar to safeguard and display the country’s vertebrate fossil collections; doing so would ensure the preservation and appreciation of Madagascar’s rich natural heritage for future generations of scientists and Malagasy citizens alike.

Go to article

The Temporal And Spatial Scale Of Microevolution: Fine-Scale Color Pattern Variation In The Lake Erie Watersnake, Richard B. King, J.M. Ray Jan 2006

The Temporal And Spatial Scale Of Microevolution: Fine-Scale Color Pattern Variation In The Lake Erie Watersnake, Richard B. King, J.M. Ray

Faculty Articles, Papers, and Other Scholarship

Question: What is the temporal and spatial scale of microevolution? Hypotheses: The combined effects of natural selection and gene flow result in variation in heritable traits on fine spatial and geographic scales. Organism: The Lake Erie watersnake, Nerodia sipedon insularum. Field site: US and Canadian islands in western Lake Erie. Methods: We tested for variation in colour pattern frequency within islands, among islands, and over time using data from nearly annual censuses conducted since 1980, museum specimens, and published sources. We compared FST for a presumptive major colour pattern locus to FST for allozyme loci to determine whether spatial variation …

Go to article

A Design-Based Research Strategy To Promote Scalability For Educational Innovations, Jody Clarke-Midura, C. Dede, D. J. Ketelhut, B. Nelson, C. Bowman Jan 2006

A Design-Based Research Strategy To Promote Scalability For Educational Innovations, Jody Clarke-Midura, C. Dede, D. J. Ketelhut, B. Nelson, C. Bowman

Instructional Technology and Learning Sciences Faculty Publications

This article offers insights into how the design of innovations can enhance their “scalability”: the ability to adapt an innovation to effective usage in a wide variety of contexts, including settings where major conditions for success are absent or attenuated. We are implementing the River City MUVE curriculum, a technology-based innovation designed to enhance engagement and learning in middle school science, in a range of educational contexts. Based on our studies of these scaling up activities, we offer examples of design strategies for scalability and describe our plan to develop a “scalability index.”

Go to article

Authorship In Ecology: Attribution, Accountability, And Responsibility, Jake F. Weltzin, R. Travis Belote, Leigh T. Williams, Jason K. Keller, E. Cayenne Engel Jan 2006

Authorship In Ecology: Attribution, Accountability, And Responsibility, Jake F. Weltzin, R. Travis Belote, Leigh T. Williams, Jason K. Keller, E. Cayenne Engel

Biology, Chemistry, and Environmental Sciences Faculty Articles and Research

Quality and quantity of publications are among the most important measures determining the success of ecologists. The past 50 years have seen a steady rise in the number of researchers and collaborative manuscripts, and a corresponding increase in multi-authored articles. Despite these increases, there remains a shortage of useful and definitive guidelines to aid ecologists in addressing authorship issues, leading to a lack of consistency in what the term “author” really means. Deciding where to draw the line between those who have earned authorship and those who are more appropriately credited in the acknowledgments may be one of the more …

Go to article

Environmental Law For Sustainability, Stepan Wood, Benjamin J. Richardson Jan 2006

Environmental Law For Sustainability, Stepan Wood, Benjamin J. Richardson

Articles & Book Chapters

No abstract provided.

Go to article

Never Let Me Clone? Countering An Ethical Argument Against The Reproductive Cloning Of Humans, Yvette Pearson Jan 2006

Never Let Me Clone? Countering An Ethical Argument Against The Reproductive Cloning Of Humans, Yvette Pearson

Philosophy Faculty Publications

In the March 2006 issue of EMBO reports, Christof Tannert, a bioethicist at the Max Delbrück Research Centre in Berlin, Germany, presented a moral argument against human reproductive cloning on the basis of Immanuel Kant’s categorical imperative (Tannert, 2006). In this article, I address some problems with Tannert’s views and show that our concerns about this prospective procedure should prompt us to scrutinize carefully the conventional procreative practices and attitudes. Indeed, if we set aside objections that are grounded in genetic determinism, many of the offensive features of human cloning are identical to problems with procreation by more conventional means, …

Go to article

Spin Excitations In Fluctuating Stripe Phases Of Doped Cuprate Superconductors, Matthias Vojta, Thomas Vojta, Ribhu K. Kaul Jan 2006

Spin Excitations In Fluctuating Stripe Phases Of Doped Cuprate Superconductors, Matthias Vojta, Thomas Vojta, Ribhu K. Kaul

Physics Faculty Research & Creative Works

Using a phenomenological lattice model of coupled spin and charge modes, we determine the spin susceptibility in the presence of fluctuating stripe charge order. We assume the charge fluctuations to be slow compared to those of the spins, and combine Monte Carlo simulations for the charge order parameter with exact diagonalization of the spin sector. Our calculations unify the spin dynamics of both static and fluctuating stripe phases and support the notion of a universal spin excitation spectrum in doped cuprate superconductors.

Go to article

Quantification Of Mrna Expression Of Her2/Neu, Estrogen Receptors Eralpha And Erbeta, And Progesterone Receptor Using Real-Time Reverse Transcription Pcr In Small Tumor Biopsies, In Human Breast Cancer, Evonne Marie. Mc Cabe Jan 2006

Quantification Of Mrna Expression Of Her2/Neu, Estrogen Receptors Eralpha And Erbeta, And Progesterone Receptor Using Real-Time Reverse Transcription Pcr In Small Tumor Biopsies, In Human Breast Cancer, Evonne Marie. Mc Cabe

Theses

Early detection is an effective means of reducing cancer mortality. Early detection greatly improves treatment options and the chances for successful treatment. The prognosis for patients with breast cancer is determined by well-established biological features associated with biological aggressiveness, histological grade, tumour size, and nodal involvement. Breast cancer results from multiple genetic abnormalities, and cellular differentiation, tumour growth, and metastatic potential are the end result of these changes. Identification of molecular changes is of considerable value in enhancing the accuracy of prognostic indices, and more importantly, it may indicate various changes as putative targets for therapy. In recent years a …

Go to article

Population Dynamics Model Of The Hard Clam, Mercenaria Mercenaria: Development Of The Age- And Length-Frequency Structure Of The Population, Eileen E. Hofmann, John M. Klinck, John N. Kraeuter, Eric N. Powell Jan 2006

Population Dynamics Model Of The Hard Clam, Mercenaria Mercenaria: Development Of The Age- And Length-Frequency Structure Of The Population, Eileen E. Hofmann, John M. Klinck, John N. Kraeuter, Eric N. Powell

CCPO Publications

An individual-based model was developed to simulate growth of the hard clam, Mercenaria mercenaria, in response to temperature, salinity and food supply conditions. Unique characteristics of the model are that: (1) length and tissue weight are related only by condition index, so that weight, up to a point, can vary independently of length, and (2) age is decoupled from length. Tissue weight changes result from the difference in assimilation and respiration. Changes in hard clam condition are determined from a standard length-weight relationship for average hard clam growth. Changes in hard clam length (growth) occur only when condition index is …

Go to article

Understanding The Success And Failure Of Oyster Populations: Climatic Cycles And Perkinsus Marinus, Thomas M. Soniat, John M. Klinck, Eric N. Powell, Eileen E. Hofmann Jan 2006

Understanding The Success And Failure Of Oyster Populations: Climatic Cycles And Perkinsus Marinus, Thomas M. Soniat, John M. Klinck, Eric N. Powell, Eileen E. Hofmann

CCPO Publications

Perkinsus (=Dermocystidium) marinus is a major cause of mortality in eastern oysters. Crassostrea virginica. Because initiation of infection and progression of disease are favored by high temperature and high salinity, we hypothesized that climatic cycles influence cycles of disease. Analyses of a 10-y time series of disease prevalence and intensity, chlorophyll a, suspended sediments, water temperature and salinity from a Louisiana site, using a wavelet technique, show a teleconnection between the El Nino-Southern Oscillation (ENSO) and oyster disease in the northern Gulf of Mexico. Salinity increases precede increased disease prevalence by several months. The changes in salinity that trigger changes …

Go to article

A Comparison Of Global Estimates Of Marine Primary Production From Ocean Color, Mary-Elena Carr, Marjorie A. M. Friedrichs, Marjorie Schmeltz, Maki Noguchi Aita, David Antoine, Kevin R. Arrigo, Ichio Asanuma, Oliver Aumont, Richard Barber, Michael Behrenfeld Jan 2006

A Comparison Of Global Estimates Of Marine Primary Production From Ocean Color, Mary-Elena Carr, Marjorie A. M. Friedrichs, Marjorie Schmeltz, Maki Noguchi Aita, David Antoine, Kevin R. Arrigo, Ichio Asanuma, Oliver Aumont, Richard Barber, Michael Behrenfeld

CCPO Publications

The third primary production algorithm round robin (PPARR3) compares output from 24 models that estimate depth-integrated primary production from satellite measurements of ocean color, as well as seven general circulation models (GCMs) coupled with ecosystem or biogeochemical models. Here we compare the global primary production fields corresponding to eight months of 1998 and 1999 as estimated from common input fields of photosynthetically-available radiation (PAR), sea-surface temperature (SST), mixed-layer depth, and chlorophyll concentration. We also quantify the sensitivity of the ocean-color-based models to perturbations in their input variables. The pair-wise correlation between ocean-color models was used to cluster them into groups …

Go to article

Pelagic Functional Group Modeling: Progress, Challenges And Prospects, Raleigh R. Hood, Edward A. Laws, Robert A. Armstrong, Nicholas R. Bates, Christopher W. Brown, Craig A. Carlson, Fei Chai, Scott C. Doney, Paul G. Falkowski, Richard A. Feely, Marjorie A. M. Friedrichs Jan 2006

Pelagic Functional Group Modeling: Progress, Challenges And Prospects, Raleigh R. Hood, Edward A. Laws, Robert A. Armstrong, Nicholas R. Bates, Christopher W. Brown, Craig A. Carlson, Fei Chai, Scott C. Doney, Paul G. Falkowski, Richard A. Feely, Marjorie A. M. Friedrichs

CCPO Publications

In this paper, we review the state of the art and major challenges in current efforts to incorporate biogeochemical functional groups into models that can be applied on basin-wide and global scales, with an emphasis on models that might ultimately be used to predict how biogeochemical cycles in the ocean will respond to global warming. We define the term "biogeochemical functional group" to refer to groups of organisms that mediate specific chemical reactions in the ocean. Thus, according to this definition, "functional groups" have no phylogenetic meaning-these are composed of many different species with common biogeochemical functions.

Substantial progress has …

Go to article

Transport Of Antarctic Krill (Euphausia Superba) Across The Scotia Sea. Part Ii: Krill Growth And Survival, Bettina A. Fach, Eileen E. Hofmann, Eugene J. Murphy Jan 2006

Transport Of Antarctic Krill (Euphausia Superba) Across The Scotia Sea. Part Ii: Krill Growth And Survival, Bettina A. Fach, Eileen E. Hofmann, Eugene J. Murphy

CCPO Publications

A time-dependent, size-structured, physiologically based krill growth model was used in conjunction with a circulation model to test the hypothesis that Antarctic krill (Euphausia superba) populations at South Georgia are sustained by import of individuals from upstream regions. Surface phytoplankton concentrations along the simulated drifter trajectories were extracted from historical Coastal Zone Color Scanner (CZCS) measurements and sea ice biota concentrations were calculated from sea ice concentration and extent extracted along drifter trajectories from Special Sensor Microwave/ Imager measurements. As additional food sources, a time series of heterotrophic food was constructed from historical data, and time series of …

Go to article

The Influence Of Socioeconomic And Environmental Factors On Health And Obesity In Rural Appalachia, Anura Amarasinghe, Gerard D'Souza, Cheryl Brown, Hyungna Oh Jan 2006

The Influence Of Socioeconomic And Environmental Factors On Health And Obesity In Rural Appalachia, Anura Amarasinghe, Gerard D'Souza, Cheryl Brown, Hyungna Oh

Regional Research Institute Working Papers

A recursive system of ordered self assessed health (SAH) and a binary indicator of obesity were used to investigate the impact of socioeconomic and environmental factors on health and obesity in the predominantly rural Appalachian state of West Virginia. Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System (BRFSS) data together with county specific socioeconomic and built environment indicators were used in estimation. Results indicate that an individual’s risk of being obese increases at a decreasing rate with per capita income and age. Marginal impacts show that as the level of education attainment increases, the probability of being obese decreases by 3%. Physical inactivity …

Go to article

The Impact Of County Level Factors On Obesity In West Virginia, Anura Amarasinghe, Cheryl Brown, Gerard D'Souza, Tatiana Borisova Jan 2006

The Impact Of County Level Factors On Obesity In West Virginia, Anura Amarasinghe, Cheryl Brown, Gerard D'Souza, Tatiana Borisova

Regional Research Institute Working Papers

A panel estimation of county prevalence of obesity indicates that while the percentage of the population with a completed college degree and the number of food stores available per thousand population are negatively and significantly correlated to county obesity rates, mean commuting time, average annual wage and the total number of business establishments per thousand population positively and significantly contribute to obesity. Educational attainment that raises both human and social capital, as well as changes in the built environment can play a vital role in controlling obesity in West Virginia (WV).

Go to article

A Spatial Analysis Of Obesity In West Virginia, Anura Amarasinghe, Gerard D'Souza, Cheryl Brown, Tatiana Borisova Jan 2006

A Spatial Analysis Of Obesity In West Virginia, Anura Amarasinghe, Gerard D'Souza, Cheryl Brown, Tatiana Borisova

Regional Research Institute Working Papers

A spatial panel data analysis at the county level examines how individual food consumption, recreational, and lifestyle choices ― against a backdrop of changing demographic, built environment, and policy factors ― leads to obesity. Results suggest that obesity tends to be spatially autocorrelated; in addition to hereditary factors and lifestyle choices, it is also caused by sprawl and lack of land use planning. Policy measures which stimulate educational attainment, poverty alleviation, and promotion of better land use planning and best consumption practices (BCPs) could both reduce obesity and result in sustainable development of regions where obesity is prevalent and the …

Go to article

Increased Expression Of Nadp Malic Enzyme In The Guard Cells Of Arabidopsis Plants, Pooja Thakur Jan 2006

Increased Expression Of Nadp Malic Enzyme In The Guard Cells Of Arabidopsis Plants, Pooja Thakur

Master's Theses and Doctoral Dissertations

Plants lose their water as transpiration by stomatal opening, which is governed by guard cells surrounding the stomata. Influx of ions such as K+, Cl-, from neighboring cells into guard cells, and malate synthesis within guard cells increases turgor pressure opening the stomata. Stomata close when K+ and Cl- efflux out, and the cytosolic isoform of NADP ME convert malate to pyruvate. We hypothesize that stomatal closure can be controlled by increased NADP ME activity in guard cells. More than one of the homozygous transgenic Arabidopsis plants that are transformed with a guard cell promoter driving expression …

Go to article

Just Say Neigh: A Call For Federal Regulation Of By-Product Disposal By The Equine Industry, Mary W. Craig Jan 2006

Just Say Neigh: A Call For Federal Regulation Of By-Product Disposal By The Equine Industry, Mary W. Craig

Animal Law Review

This article discusses the thousands of foals born each year that are bred for industrial purposes. These foals must then be disposed of as unwanted by-products of the equine industry. PMU mares are bred to collect urine rich with hormones used in the production of a drug to treat menopausal symptoms. Nurse mares are bred to produce milk to feed foals other than their own. If adoptive homes cannot be found quickly, both industries dispose of their equine by-products by slaughtering the foals, and sometimes the mares, for profit or convenience. This paper calls for an amendment to the Animal …

Go to article

First Prev Next Last