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The Hobbesian Notion Of Self-Preservation Concerning Human Behavior During An Insurgency, Raymond Millen

The US Army War College Quarterly: Parameters

No abstract provided.

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Special Operations Forces A Strategic Resource: Public And Private Divides, Christopher Spearin

The US Army War College Quarterly: Parameters

No abstract provided.

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Sponsorship By Executive Leaders: Perceptions And Influences On Engagement Among U.S. Air Force General Officers, Kevin Roots

Student Scholarship

Sponsorship is one of several factors that may influence career advancement into the executive level of an organization; but the concept of sponsorship is not well understood. This proposal presents an overview of the literature about sponsorship. The proposal makes distinctions between mentorship and sponsorship. It describes a qualitative research study that asks how U.S. Air Force general officers perceive and engage in sponsorship. The aim of this study is to understand how Air Force generals understand sponsorship, and whether (and how) they engage in it. A conceptual model is proposed that considers sponsors’ perceptions based on their own experiences, …

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Hope As A Source Of Resilience In Later Adulthood, Anthony D. Ong, Lisa M. Edwards, C. S. Bergeman

College of Education Faculty Research and Publications

This research provided a preliminary investigation of how variations in trait and state hope are associated with positive adaptation to stress in later adulthood. Trait hope and neuroticism were measured by questionnaires and state hope, stress, and negative emotions were assessed daily for 45 days. Results from multilevel random coefficient modeling analyses suggested that daily hope provides protective benefits by keeping negative emotions low, while also contributing to adaptive recovery from stress. The dynamic linkages between daily hope, stress, and emotion were further moderated by individual differences in trait hope. Compared with those low in trait hope, high-hope individuals showed …

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Protecting The Most Vulnerable Victims: Prosecution Of Child Sex Offenses In Illinois Post Crawford V. Washington, Jennifer A. Lindt

Northern Illinois University Law Review

This Comment examines the prosecution of pedophiles in Illinois after the United States Supreme Court's decision in Crawford v. Washington. The prosecution of pedophiles had frequently involved the use of extra judicial statements by victims to protect them from re-victimization after testifying at trial. The ability to use a statutorily mandated hearsay exception has been in question and is directly linked to the definition of the term "testimonial. " The author provides a test to determine whether the out of court statements by pedophilia victims are "testimonial" to make this tool for protecting the victims still viable.

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Spectator 2006-11-01, Editors Of The Spectator

The Spectator

No abstract provided.

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Religion In The New Republic, Richard Albert

Louisiana Law Review

No abstract provided.

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The Impact Of Faith On Relational Thought , Martin J. Buss

Consensus

Paper presented at the conf "Faith, freedom and the academy: the idea of the university in the 21st century," Univ of Prince Edward Island, O 1-3 2004.

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Multiple Kansei Images In Product Form Design, Chun-Juei Chou, Kuohsiang Chen

DRS Biennial Conference Series

This paper introduces the overall aspects in multiple Kansei images. Multiple Kansei images are assumed to be what people actually feel and tell in the real world. Several issues that designers need to concern themselves with when dealing with multiple Kansei in product form design are clarified. For better analyzing and understanding multiple Kansei images, Factor Analysis is applied to map an image space. This space explains the mutual relationships such as similarity, exclusiveness and independence among Kansei adjectives. Thus, appropriate Kansei adjectives that can fully portray a product form are figured out. In addition, this paper finds that existing …

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Reading Science Fiction Novels As An Architectural Research Method: The Case Study Of J. G. Ballard’S High Rise, Zeynep Tuna Ultav

DRS Biennial Conference Series

The aim of this paper is to suggest a new approach in producing architectural knowledge through the realm of discourse by systematizing the social and spatial clues within science fiction literature. In this sense, the departure point is the notion of interdisciplinarity, which expresses the relationship of modern research methods with several other disciplines. Considering the potential of interdisciplinary aspect of architecture, the scope of this paper is several parallel aspects between architectural discourse and the spatiality of literature proposed through the case study of J. G. Ballard’s novel High Rise. In this sense, an architectural research on the phenomenon …

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A Guide To Methods For Small And Medium Sized Enterprises (Smes) Designing For New Markets, Based On Cultural Research Experiences, M. Haarakoski, M.E. Johansson, J. Lundberg

DRS Biennial Conference Series

One factor determining an industrially produced product’s success is how well it complies with customer needs. When small and medium size enterprises (SME) launch products onto new foreign markets, it is important to conduct cultural research to take customer design preferences in to consideration. This study, based on experiences from field studies in three countries, the USA, South Korea and Germany, can offer the SME´s designer with guidance of how to collect information about cultural design preferences in practice. The aim is to show the SME how to conduct design studies by themselves and what the benefits are of doing …

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Circularity, Power And The Technologies Of Seeing: Panopticism And Its Antithesis As Spatial Archetypes Of Visual Contraception In Space, Michael Chapman, Michael Ostwald

DRS Biennial Conference Series

The evolution of post-structuralism as the intellectual paradigm of the second half of the Twentieth Century was accompanied by a simultaneous critical discourse concerned with the relationship between space and power. Central to this discourse is the work of the French intellectual Michel Foucault, whose analyses of the disciplinary societies of the Nineteenth Century established the multivalent tactics of power and its affiliations with architectural space. Through his examinations of hospitals, mental asylums, prisons and educational institutions Foucault demonstrated the way that space co-operated with authoritarian principles to turn communities into individuals and subsequently those individuals into subjects. Foucault termed …

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The Designed Object That We Know And See, D. M. Büchler, M. A. R Biggs

DRS Biennial Conference Series

This paper discusses perception of the designed object and how our knowledge impacts on our visual perception of that designed object. It expands on the notion of interpretation both in the context of material culture and in the context of psychology. It explains how the approach to interpretation in both disciplines relies on an active observer/perceiver. The issue of perception of the designed object is approached using the theories of the perceptual psychologist Richard L. Gregory. His work is shown to be especially relevant because there is a degree of commonality between his view of interpretation and that of material …

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Studying Design Engineers Use Of Information Systems: Which Variables To Control For?, J. Restrepo

DRS Biennial Conference Series

Studying information usage by design engineers involves considering technical, social, cognitive and volitional factors. This makes it challenging, especially for researchers without a cognitive psychology background. This paper presents a summary of key findings in researching information use and processing in design, discusses important issues on the selection of a research strategy and sums up the important variables that need to be controlled for.

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Design: Category Formation, Prototypicality And (Aesthetic) Preference, M R Ranta

DRS Biennial Conference Series

Cognitive psychology has, to a considerable extent, investigated the capacity of humans and other living creatures to categorize objects and events. The formation of categories enables us to apply previous experiences to new ones, to make inferences, to make predictions about the future, and they provide efficiency in communication - just to mention a few examples. Important questions, however, are how categories arise at all (i.e. whether, or to what extent, they are the result of environmental features or constructive processes on the part of the categorizer), and how they are represented in consciousness. Numerous cognitive psychologists have, following the …

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The Role Of Design Eureka In Design Thinking, Yi-Cheng Chiang

DRS Biennial Conference Series

Most of design researches have paid attention to the rational aspect of design, such as systematic process, design reasoning, design knowledge and so on. However, flashes of insight really occur in many designs. By protocol analysis, the present paper studies such a particular thinking phenomenon of design—the so-called ‘design eureka’. Design eureka always occurs suddenly and is so slippery to catch and to explain. Before design eureka can be understood by analysis, it is the first task to capture it successfully. This paper aims to develop an effective method of describing design eureka in order to have further analysis possible. …

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When Is A New Thing A Good Thing? Technological Change, Product Form Design And Perceptions Of Value For Product Innovations, Antoaneta Petkova, Violina Rindova

DRS Biennial Conference Series

Organizational scholars recognize the importance of customers’ perceptions for the successful adoption and diffusion of product innovations. Yet most studies have focused on how innovating firms develop necessary new competencies and learn about customers’ needs rather than on how customers’ perceptions may be influenced by the firms’ technological and design choices. Drawing on psychological research, we argue that innovations with different degrees of novelty present customers with different degrees of incongruity, thereby triggering varying cognitive and emotional responses, which have varying effects on customers’ perceptions of the value potential of product innovations. We develop a framework that articulates how firms …

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A Constructivist Approach To Wayfinding Map Studies: Construction Of Spatial Knowledge In People-Map-Space Interactions, Christopher Kueh

DRS Biennial Conference Series

Effective wayfinding map design requires the application of knowledge about how people interact with maps and the actual environment. This paper presents a research that applied constructivist perspectives to study the ways people construct individual spatial knowledge by interacting with maps and the actual environment. The findings revealed that people construct spatial knowledge based on experience and active interactions with entities in a specific built environment.

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Use-Inspired Basic Research: Improved Understanding And Innovative Products - A Case Study, D. Steffen

DRS Biennial Conference Series

The paper explores the interplay between disciplinary knowledge creation in basic and applied design research on the one hand and experimental design on the other. As part of my dissertation, several case studies were analysed among them a long-term research project which was conducted at the C_Lab for customization design at the Academy of Art and Design Offenbach, Germany. Subject-matter of this research were the various implications and effects, that digital technology will have on design, on product semantics, the role of the designer and the user as co-designer. It included questions and hypothesis basic for design as well as …

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Revisiting Philosophy And Education In Landscape Architecture, M. Eaton

DRS Biennial Conference Series

There is a crisis in landscape architecture. Where, as a design discipline, the profession is meant to act as a mediator between culture and nature, an absence of continuous critical enquiry, both at a professional level and at an academic level, weakens it. Almost a decade has passed since I examined the role of philosophy and design in landscape architecture education, and from what I have witnessed as an educator, there is still a deficiency of rigour of inquiry. As such, one must ask: where is the leadership in landscape architecture, and are we remaining true to ourselves as designers, …

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Analysis Of Interrelations Between Bottle Shape And Food Taste, R.W.Y. Wang, C.H. Sun

DRS Biennial Conference Series

In general, the package design should make consumers associate the product’s taste from visual stimulation. This study aims to investigate the correlations between the shape of food bottles and taste association in 3 stages: (1) classification of the taste of food products on the market; (2) analysis of the features and dimensions of food bottle shapes; and (3) survey of the association between food bottles and tastes. Findings indicated that there are 13 types of packages relating to taste, including single tastes: sour, sweet, bitter, savory and spicy tastes; and mixed tastes: sweet and sour, savory and sour, sweet and …

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Designing Engineering Education; Development Of Design Education Model For Engineers, Jihoon Kim, Myung-Suk Kim

DRS Biennial Conference Series

This research focuses on development of model used in teaching ‘Design Thinking’ to students majoring in engineering with emphasis on creative ideation and expression, and its application examples. Following the Second World War, educational circles in the area of engineering, due to excessive influence of Engineering Science, have come to concentrate relatively more on analysis of phenomenon and theoretical research rather than traditional format of engineering education, which places importance on visual thinking and actual experience, in development of curriculum. This research presents the process of development of new educational model in order to introduce core educational program of design …

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Towards A Design Methodology For Applying Intuitive, A L Blackler, V Popovic, D P Mahar

DRS Biennial Conference Series

No abstract provided.

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Designing Product Character: Strategy To Evaluate Product Preference And Map Design Direction, Low Chee Siong Edwin, Ching Chiuan Yen

DRS Biennial Conference Series

According to Janlert and Stolterman (1997), “people, as well as things, have character- high level attributes that help us understand and relate to them.” de Bont et al. (1992) argues that users will prefer a product with characteristics that best match their needs or personality. As such, to influence user’s preference on a product, it is essential for the character of the product to be coherent with the user’s character. This is attempted by investigating products as “living objects”, eliciting specific characteristics or character attributes similar to the user. Though the concept of regarding products as animate objects is not …

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Human Augmentation: Transference Of Design Approaches From Designing For Sports To Designing For Disability, J L Allen

DRS Biennial Conference Series

This paper begins by considering the dichotomy between the design of sporting goods and the design of disability products, with an intent to identify some ways in which disability products can become more socially acceptable and even desirable. The role of material artefacts in the creation and propagation of individual- and social-identity is discussed in an attempt to highlight the importance that design can have in ameliorating self-image and public-image of people with disabilities. The paper goes on to discuss a design project carried out in two parts in an Undergraduate Industrial Design studio class to explore the notion of …

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Research Design In Design Research: A Practical Framework To Develop Theory From Case Studies, S Roworth-Stokes

DRS Biennial Conference Series

Case studies have for a long time been used in design research to provide ‘rich’ insight into successful or unsuccessful new product innovation. As a methodology it has often been cited as useful to derive site specific contexts where phenomena can be observed and reported by respondents in their working environment. Yet, in practice, the primary advantage of the design case study, its ability to reveal insight into ‘real-life’ contemporary phenomena (the here and now), set against a backdrop of critical incidents, happenings or events over time (temporality), often become it’s weakness in achieving valid and credible findings. Essentially it …

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Design For Dynamic Use Situations, First Steps In The Development Of A Design Method That Supports Designing For Dynamic Use Situations, M. Brouwer, M.C. Van Der Voort

DRS Biennial Conference Series

Products that are used in a dynamic situation are difficult to design with regard to usability. A dynamic use situation is a situation in which a product is used by various people, with different goals and/ or in different contexts of use. Since the use situation influences a product’s usability, a dynamic use situation can complicate the design process. We therefore propose to develop a new method to support the designer in dealing with dynamic use situations. The first step in this process is the definition of criteria for this design method. We distinguish criteria that concern analysis and evaluation …

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Value Compensating Strategies, S Boztepe

DRS Biennial Conference Series

This paper aims to provide insights into how users respond when products fail to deliver value. It is based on a cross-cultural ethnographic study on users’ value assignment to kitchen appliances. Findings suggest that users tend to develop some way of making up for the low value delivered by the product. The ways of dealing with the problem of increasing the practical and social outcomes of interaction with products are called value-compensating strategies. The paper describes the applications of these value strategies with (1) unique local products, (2) products that are owned but not used, (3) products used in a …

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A Preliminary Study Of Learnable Pictogram Languages, Ting-Ju Lin, Michael A R Biggs

DRS Biennial Conference Series

Pictogram languages that are based on a non-phonetic idea were the earliest symbols such as Cuneiform and Chinese in oracle-bone (Rogers, 20005). In the other words, pictogram languages have existed ever since the Egyptian hieroglyphs around 3000BC and Chinese Oracle-bone scripts from about 1400 to 1200 BC (Robinson, 1995). The two writing systems are composed of pictograms, and most parts of them are also based on non-phonetics. Users of hieroglyphs and Chinese Oracle-bone scripts had to learn the symbols which resembled the meanings and natural object they represented. This article suggests that non-phonetic pictogram languages are learnable with examples, like: …

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Interaction Design And Design Management: Challenges For Industrial Interaction Design In Software And System Development, Stefan Holmlid

DRS Biennial Conference Series

Design management systems have been developed and researched for traditional product and service industries. For interaction design little research has been performed on design management. The objective of this paper is to describe aspects of and provisions for industrial interaction design that influence approaches to design management within system and software development. We discuss whether there are specific conditions for design management of interaction design within the software and system development industries. The research is based on three short case studies from industrial software development. We identify some of these specific conditions; the difference between a usage and a product …

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Full-Text Articles in Entire DC Network

The Hobbesian Notion Of Self-Preservation Concerning Human Behavior During An Insurgency, Raymond Millen

The US Army War College Quarterly: Parameters

Special Operations Forces A Strategic Resource: Public And Private Divides, Christopher Spearin

The US Army War College Quarterly: Parameters

Sponsorship By Executive Leaders: Perceptions And Influences On Engagement Among U.S. Air Force General Officers, Kevin Roots

Student Scholarship

Hope As A Source Of Resilience In Later Adulthood, Anthony D. Ong, Lisa M. Edwards, C. S. Bergeman

College of Education Faculty Research and Publications

Protecting The Most Vulnerable Victims: Prosecution Of Child Sex Offenses In Illinois Post Crawford V. Washington, Jennifer A. Lindt

Northern Illinois University Law Review

Spectator 2006-11-01, Editors Of The Spectator

The Spectator

Religion In The New Republic, Richard Albert

Louisiana Law Review

The Impact Of Faith On Relational Thought , Martin J. Buss

Consensus

Multiple Kansei Images In Product Form Design, Chun-Juei Chou, Kuohsiang Chen

DRS Biennial Conference Series

Reading Science Fiction Novels As An Architectural Research Method: The Case Study Of J. G. Ballard’S High Rise, Zeynep Tuna Ultav

DRS Biennial Conference Series

A Guide To Methods For Small And Medium Sized Enterprises (Smes) Designing For New Markets, Based On Cultural Research Experiences, M. Haarakoski, M.E. Johansson, J. Lundberg

DRS Biennial Conference Series

Circularity, Power And The Technologies Of Seeing: Panopticism And Its Antithesis As Spatial Archetypes Of Visual Contraception In Space, Michael Chapman, Michael Ostwald

DRS Biennial Conference Series

The Designed Object That We Know And See, D. M. Büchler, M. A. R Biggs

DRS Biennial Conference Series

Studying Design Engineers Use Of Information Systems: Which Variables To Control For?, J. Restrepo

DRS Biennial Conference Series

Design: Category Formation, Prototypicality And (Aesthetic) Preference, M R Ranta

DRS Biennial Conference Series

The Role Of Design Eureka In Design Thinking, Yi-Cheng Chiang

DRS Biennial Conference Series

When Is A New Thing A Good Thing? Technological Change, Product Form Design And Perceptions Of Value For Product Innovations, Antoaneta Petkova, Violina Rindova

DRS Biennial Conference Series

A Constructivist Approach To Wayfinding Map Studies: Construction Of Spatial Knowledge In People-Map-Space Interactions, Christopher Kueh

DRS Biennial Conference Series

Use-Inspired Basic Research: Improved Understanding And Innovative Products - A Case Study, D. Steffen

DRS Biennial Conference Series

Revisiting Philosophy And Education In Landscape Architecture, M. Eaton

DRS Biennial Conference Series

Analysis Of Interrelations Between Bottle Shape And Food Taste, R.W.Y. Wang, C.H. Sun

DRS Biennial Conference Series

Designing Engineering Education; Development Of Design Education Model For Engineers, Jihoon Kim, Myung-Suk Kim

DRS Biennial Conference Series

Towards A Design Methodology For Applying Intuitive, A L Blackler, V Popovic, D P Mahar

DRS Biennial Conference Series

Designing Product Character: Strategy To Evaluate Product Preference And Map Design Direction, Low Chee Siong Edwin, Ching Chiuan Yen

DRS Biennial Conference Series

Human Augmentation: Transference Of Design Approaches From Designing For Sports To Designing For Disability, J L Allen

DRS Biennial Conference Series

Research Design In Design Research: A Practical Framework To Develop Theory From Case Studies, S Roworth-Stokes

DRS Biennial Conference Series

Design For Dynamic Use Situations, First Steps In The Development Of A Design Method That Supports Designing For Dynamic Use Situations, M. Brouwer, M.C. Van Der Voort

DRS Biennial Conference Series

Value Compensating Strategies, S Boztepe

DRS Biennial Conference Series

A Preliminary Study Of Learnable Pictogram Languages, Ting-Ju Lin, Michael A R Biggs

DRS Biennial Conference Series

Interaction Design And Design Management: Challenges For Industrial Interaction Design In Software And System Development, Stefan Holmlid

DRS Biennial Conference Series