Digital Commons Network^™

Annual Report 2005-2006, Office Of Sponsored Programs

Annual Reports

No abstract provided.

2006 Usd Fact Book, University Of San Diego

USD Fact Books (1985- )

No abstract provided.

Hayek And Liberalism, Chandran Kukathas

Research Collection School of Social Sciences

F. A. Hayek occupies a peculiar place in the history of twentiethcentury liberalism. His influence has, in many respects, been enormous. The Road to Serfdom, his first political work, not onlyattracted popular attention in the west but also circulated widely(in samizdat form) in the intellectual underground of Eastern Europeduring the years between the end of the war and the revolutions of1989. His critique of central planning has been thoroughly vindicated, if not by the demise of communist economic systems, thenat least by the recognition by socialists of many stripes of theimportance of market processes.1 Books and articles on his thoughtcontinue …

Evaluating A Parent Training Program: Scale Analysis And The Effects Of Systematic Training For Effective Parenting (Step) On Child And Parent Behavior, Anne E. Damrad

Open Access Dissertations

Two studies examined archival pretest and posttest data collected from 490 parents who participated in a 7-week Systematic Training for Effective Parenting (STEP; Dinkmeyer & McKay, 1976) program in a large, suburban, public school district in Rhode Island between 1994 and 1999. The first study cross-validated the underlying structure of selected subscales from the Behavior Rating Profile, Second Edition (BRP-2; Brown & Hammill, 1990) and STEP Parenting Assessment Technique (SPAT; Dinkmeyer, 1981). Principal components analyses revealed two components (Externalizing Behavior and Internalizing Behavior) with good to very good coefficient alphas on a revised version of the BRP Parent Rating Scale, …

Information Processing In Consumer Relationships: The Effect Of Emotional Commitment, Christy Ashley

Open Access Dissertations

Consumer researchers have a vested interest understanding what drives profitable consumer relationships with brands. In the past, researchers have uncovered that emotional bonds with brands are a key drivers of consumer behaviors which impact profitability, including switching, price sensitivity, and referrals. Researchers have also uncovered that commitment based on emotions, also known as emotional commitment, leads to more sustainable relationships than commitment to brands based on cognition. In a related area of interest, researchers have explored how consumers process information when they are committed to brands. Researchers are interested in how a consumer's motivation to process brand information helps to …

The Relationship Between Tactical Knowledge And Tactical Performance For Varying Levels Of Expertise, Robin Kirkwood Auld

Open Access Dissertations

This study examines the relationship between off-the-ball tactical knowledge and off-the-ball tactical performance of college-age female participants' (n = 34) with varying levels of expertise in territorial games. Tactical knowledge was measured using the Tactical Knowledge Instrument (TKI), which assessed participant responses when solving a "maintaining possession" tactical problem on a game board. The Game Performance Assessment Instrument (GPAI) measured participants' tactical performance while they played a directional keep-away game in the gymnasium. Analysis of variance tests revealed a significant difference between the tactical knowledge scores between Expert and Novice participants F(2,31) = 6.09, p = .0059. As the expertise …

Sexual Identity Construction Among Lesbian, Bisexual And Unlabeled Women, Kelly Brooks

Open Access Dissertations

Current research and theory regarding women's experience of sexuality depict more flexibility and variability in sexual identity development and self-labeling than generally accounted for in traditional sexual identity models. The present study examined lesbian and bisexual women's use of sexual identity labels, attitudes about sexual fluidity and self-labeling, and patterns associated with sexual identity processes. Two hundred nineteen women with same-sex attractions or experiences participated in the study, completing an anonymous online survey. The majority of participants (85.4%) identified as White, with ages ranging from 18 to 69. One hundred eighteen women identified as lesbian, 59 as bisexual, 5 as …

Exploring The Experiences Of Gay, Lesbian, And Bisexual Adolescents In School: Lessons For School Psychologists, Marjorie Cooper-Nicols

Open Access Dissertations

This study utilized modified grounded theory methodology with gay, lesbian, and bisexual (GLB) adolescents to explore three research questions: (1) How have schools responded to GLB youth? (2) What are some of the factors that help or hinder development of a healthy sexual identity for GLB adolescents? and (3) How does being involved in a community GLB youth organization impact GLB youth? Prior research has demonstrated that schools are often hostile environments for GLB youth. With little recognition and support, GLB adolescents are a group at risk for depression, suicide, substance abuse, violence, and school failure. Participants in this study …

Youth At Risk For Alcohol Use And Smoking: A Longitudinal Examination Of Profiles Of Prevention, Andrea Eastwood Paiva

Open Access Dissertations

The current study was designed to examine the Profiles of Prevention among non-drinking and non-smoking adolescents. Research across age groups (elementary, middle and high school), populations (U.S., U.K., and Israel), and substances (tobacco, alcohol and other drugs) has consistently identified four profiles of non-users who vary in their risks for substance use: (1) Most Protected from substance use; (2) Most Tempted to use substances; (3) Most Negative about staying substance free; and (4) Least Positive about being substance free. These profiles have demonstrated both internal and external validity in cross-sectional data. This longitudinal research focuses on students who remain substance …

"Defining A New Normal": An Exploration Of Psychosocial Adjustment In Young Adult Survivors Of Adolescent Cancer, Kristen J. Quinlan

Open Access Dissertations

Psycho-oncology has been limited by inconsistent definitions of adjustment, leading to inconsistent information about the correlates of adjustment among adult survivors of pediatric cancer. Further, adolescent survivors are seldom broken out for special analysis, even though there are vast medical and developmental differences between those diagnosed during adolescence and those diagnosed at a younger age. The current study utilized a mixed method approach examine adjustment with 7 female and 5 male survivors of cancer who were diagnosed during adolescence. Thematic analysis revealed that adjustment is the process of changing one's perspective or redefining oneself as one works to determine a …

An Examination Of The Relationship Between Perceived Parental Involvement And Adolescent Eating And Exercise Habits, Pamela Lea Steadman

Open Access Dissertations

Pediatric obesity is a major public health concern with alarming increases in prevalence rates over the past three decades, despite improvements in treatment and prevention efforts. Much of the focus on pediatric obesity prevention has revolved around children; however, little attention has been targeted toward adolescents. The current study is the first to examine the contribution of parental and adolescent perceptions of parental involvement in adolescent eating and exercise habits. Forty-six adolescent-parent dyads completed measures of perceived parental concern, responsibility, control and pressure exerted over adolescent health behaviors (AHB). Adolescents completed measures of current physical activity, eating habits, weight control …

Social Capital And The Intent To Graduate Among Black And Hispanic High School Students, Erica E. Conners

Open Access Dissertations

Blacks and Hispanics have the highest high school drop out rates in the United States. The purpose of this study was to explore variables derived from "social capital" theory for their potential impact on Black and Hispanic students' intention to graduate high school. This study hypothesized that, beyond academic ability alone, Black and Hispanic adolescents respond to the level of "social capital" they perceive and experience from their families and school environments. Three "social capital" variables, parental educational encouragement, school responsiveness and extracurricular engagement, were examined for their contribution to intention to graduate among these populations. The participants were 181 …

High School Teachers' Attitudes Toward Inclusion Of Students With Special Needs, Catherine Ernst

Open Access Dissertations

The movement to include students with disabilities in general education classrooms has experienced a shift toward thinking about restructuring of schools (Lipsky & Gartner, 1996; Stainback & Stainback, 1996). This shift is reflected in the growing body of literature about general educators' perspectives regarding inclusion (Avramidis & Norwich, 2002; Balboni & Pedrabissi, 2000; Van Reusen, Shoho & Barker, 2001; Wilczenski, 1992). Teacher attitudes are of particular importance because they will be implementing inclusion on a daily basis in the classroom (Hasazi, Johnston, Liggett & Schattman, 1994). The purpose of the present study was twofold. The first involved the development of …

Self, Other And The Sociopolitical In Politically Active Women Survivors Of Domestic Violence, Molly Ann Hedrick

Open Access Dissertations

This research examined experiences with interpersonal, intrapersonal, and structural violence in politically active women survivors of domestic violence. This study also explored how (if at all) these women described processes which Freire (2003) called critical consciousness and liberating action, and what these women can tell us about the processes of change. Participants were 16 survivors of domestic violence recruited from Sisters Overcoming Abusive Relationships (SOAR) in Rhode Island. SOAR is an organization run entirely by survivors of domestic violence and provides political activism with the goal of ending domestic violence. I utilized a mixed-methods, transformative and social constructivist concurrent design. …

Exercise Behavior Among Women Post-Myocardial Infarction: Applying The Transtheoretical Model Of Behavior Change, Janet K. Dombroski

Open Access Dissertations

Exercise adherence among women post-myocardial infarction (MI) is a major health issue. The lack of exercise adherence prevents women from attaining the multiple benefits of exercise and exacerbates cardiovascular disease. Factors identified as determining adherence to therapeutic regimen for women post-MI include personal factors, interpersonal factors, and environmental factors. A descriptive survey design utilizing the Transtheoretical Model of Behavior Change (TTM) (Prochaska & DiClemente, 1982) was used to investigate the relationships among stage of change for exercise behavior, processes of change, decisional balance (pros and cons), and self-efficacy for exercise in women post-MI. The following research questions were addressed: (a) …

An Understanding Of The Relationship Between Maquiladoras And Women's Rights In Central America, Mara D. Giles

Nebraska Anthropologist

The impacts of globalization, deregulation, and free trade on Central American women, whether married or single, are numerous. On either side of the political borders, individual lives and cultures are impacted, often with dire results. Because of traditional gendered roles in these cultures, women's entrance into the formal economic sector has been slow and difficult. Maquiladoras created by globalization provide jobs for poor and undereducated women with few other options of employment. Because of the natures of the global economic system and issues of gender, the positions of these women of poverty are easily exploited. Though the consequences can be …

The Family As A Context For Religious And Spiritual Development In Children And Youth, Chris J. Boyatzis, David C. Dollahite, Loren D. Marks

Faculty Publications

Our chapter addresses how the family promotes or hinders transcendence of the self in children, that is, how the family is a context in which spiritual development occurs. Due to space limitations, our emphasis is on socialization and interaction processes within the family and not on other issues such as psychodynamic processes (e.g., Rizzuto, 1979) or faith development (e.g., Fowler, 1981). There are many motivations to explore family socialization of religious and spiritual development. One, family spirituality and religiosity are linked with many desirable outcomes and inversely with negative outcomes in children and youth. (Other chapters in this volume examine …

The Relationship Between Leadership, Efficacy Belief, And Performance Among Boys' High School Basketball Players., Joe Frontiera

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

Sport broadcasters and analysts use the term “players coach” when discussing what coach might be a good fit for a team, or whether a player would perform well for a certain coach. Implied is that a coach’s leadership style has an impact on a player’s and a team’s performance. Evidence in sport literature points to relationships between leadership and performance (Weiss & Friedrichs, 1986), as well as self- and collective-efficacy and performance (Bandura, 1986, 1997; Feltz, 1982; George, 1994; Moritz, Feltz; Wood, Bandura, & Bailey, 1990). Yet, research literature is unclear as to the relationship between players’ perceptions of coaching …

Women's Body Image, Patriarchy, And Photography: A Pictorial Content Analysis Of National Geographic's Representation Of Women., Kathryn D. Newhouse

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

Women have been depicted within media outlets such as magazines as domestic caretakers for generations. While history has at times been positive in its representation of women, especially during World War II and the government’s plea for women to work in industry, the vast majority of media outlets after the war again created the housewife image from the years before the war for women to follow. The popular governmental posters with “Rosie the Riveter” stating, “We Can Do It!” were replaced with images of a happy wife tending house for her husband fresh from the war. While the posters were …

Female Politicians In The Media: Hillary Rodham Clinton And Hsiu-Lien Lu. An Examination Of Patriarchal And Feminist Word Usage In Political News: Case Analyses Of "The Post-Standard (Syracuse, Ny)" And "China Times (Taiwan)"., Yi-Ting Chen

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

This thesis examined newspapers’ coverage of two female politicians. One is U.S. Senator and former First Lady Hillary Rodham Clinton. The newspaper is The Post-Standard (Syracuse, NY). The other is Hsiu-Lien Lu, the first female vice president of Taiwan. The newspaper is China Times (Taiwan). The research analyzed articles in these two newspapers to determine whether the terms associated with Clinton and Lu were gender neutral, feminist or patriarchal. The study compares how media represent female politicians in the two societies, and further illustrates the similarities and differences in the American and Taiwanese societies. The study found that Hillary Rodham …

Remembering Sudetenland: On The Legal Construction Of Ethnic Cleansing, Timothy W. Waters

Articles by Maurer Faculty

What is the true shape of our commitment to prohibit ethnic cleansing? This Article explores that question by considering a case observers have almost universally decided does not constitute ethnic cleansing. It examines the recent controversy in the European Union, when Sudeten Germans demanded that the Czech Republic apologize for having expelled them after WWII before being admitted to the EU. Their demands were almost universally rejected and the legality of the expulsions was reconfirmed by all relevant actors. So what is the consequence for customary international law's rules on ethnic cleansing?

The Article derives the customary legal norms logically …

"Mirror Worlds": Transpacific Inspiration And Mimetic Rivalry In American And East Asian Literature, 1945-2005., Matthew J. Packer

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

One conspicuous trend during the world economy's shift to the Pacific Rim in the late twentieth century has been the increased reciprocal inspiration and mimetic rivalry between American and East Asian cultures. For much of the past century, for example, the Japanese have been stereotyped as cultural copycats, when transpacific imitating actually has been mutual: as East Asians have looked to the West for models of development and the imagination, so have Americans looked to the Far East---as even representing the future, according to novelist William Gibson. Americans have drawn inspiration from Eastern aesthetics, while East Asians have copied Western …

Religion And Spirituality In Professional Psychologist Training: A Survey Of Interns., Elizabeth J. Cassidy

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

This study examined doctoral psychology training practices in religion and spirituality. The relationships between training, religious/spiritual beliefs, and self-reported competence to address spirituality in counseling were explored. Approximately 253 clinical and counseling psychology interns completed a demographic questionnaire, a survey of religious/spiritual training received, measures of religious commitment and of the personal importance of spirituality, and a measure of self-perceived competence in addressing religious/spiritual issues in counseling. The return rate was 28%. Results suggest that a majority of interns had not been offered specific training in religion/spirituality and counseling; a majority felt only moderately competent to address spirituality within counseling; …

George Eliot And The Anxious Construction Of The Domestic Other: Racial Inheritance, Radical Femininity And Masculinity, And National Identity In "The Spanish Gypsy" And "Daniel Deronda"., Christina E. Godlewski

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

This dissertation seeks to articulate the extent to which George Eliot engages in an active dialogue with contemporary scientific thought, particularly in respect to England's Jewish and Gypsy populations. I examine The Spanish Gypsy and Daniel Deronda to determine Eliot's position in relation to ideologies on race, gender, and class. Eliot's texts manage to expose some of the contradictions regarding these two "domestic others" within the dominant discourses of the Victorian period. Chapter one sets out my critical and methodological framework and foregrounds the discursive proximity between the Gypsies, the Jews, the working classes, and women in the Victorian period. …

Multicultural Education In The Mental Health Professions: A Meta-Analytic Review, Timothy B. Smith, Madonna G. Constantine, Todd W. Dunn, Jared M. Dinehart, Jared A. Montoya

Faculty Publications

The American Psychological Association and many other professional mental health organizations require graduate programs to provide education in multicultural issues. However, the effectiveness of multicultural education has been debated in the literature over the past several years. The overall purpose of this study was to examine the effectiveness of multicultural education using meta-analytic methodologies. Findings revealed that multicultural education interventions were typically associated with positive outcomes across a wide variety of participant and study characteristics. Multicultural education interventions that were explicitly based on theory and research yielded outcomes nearly twice as beneficial as those that were not. Priorities for future …

Surrendered Resistance: Playing Dead In American Autobiographical Writing, 1840-1933., Georgia R. Kreiger

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

This dissertation focuses on the use of death as a metaphor for lived experiences in nineteenth- and early twentieth-century American autobiographical writing. Adopting Paul de Man’s definition of autobiography as a figure of reading rather than a genre or mode, the study analyzes autobiographical death acts in a variety of writings, including political discourse, fiction, and poetry. The writers discussed stage deaths-of-the-self to facilitate descriptions of traumatic events that might otherwise defy verbal expression. They “play dead” figuratively in their texts, similarly to the way one might play dead literally as a survival strategy in the presence of an animal …

Credit Cards, Consumer Credit, And Bankruptcy, Ronald J. Mann

Faculty Scholarship

This paper analyzes the effects of credit card use on broader economic indicators, specifically consumer credit, and consumer bankruptcy filings. Using aggregate nation-level data from Australia, Canada, Japan, the United Kingdom, and the United States, I find that credit card spending, lagged by 1-2 years, has a strong positive effect on consumer credit. Finally, I find a strong relation between credit card debt, lagged by 1-2 years, and bankruptcy, and a weaker relation between consumer credit, lagged by 1-2 years, and bankruptcy. The relations are robust across a variety of different lags and models that account for problems of multicollinearity …

The Landscape Of Search And Seizure: Observations On Recent Decisions From The United States Court Of Appeals For The Eighth Circuit, Chris Hutton

South Dakota Law Review

No abstract provided.

The R-Cube: Reviewing, Reinforcing And Rewarding After Successful Module Completion, Ciaran O'Leary

Conference papers

Revisiting material previously presented and successfully assessed can lead to much frustration among teaching staff and students. Despite this, it is often a requirement due to the time lag between the point at which a student begins a module and the time when they successfully passed a prerequisite module. Also, students who successfully pass a module fit into a number of categories, from those who were successful in all components of the assessment to those who displayed the minimum level of competence required for satisfaction of the learning outcomes. We introduce a novel instructional model which we predict will be …

Incremental Generation Of Spatial Referring Expressions In Situated Dialogue, John D. Kelleher, Geert-Jan Kruijff

Conference papers

This paper presents an approach to incrementally generating locative expressions. It addresses the issue of combinatorial explosion inherent in the construction of relational context models by: (a) contextually defining the set of objects in the context that may function as a landmark, and (b) sequencing the order in which spatial relations are considered using a cognitively motivated hierarchy of relations, and visual and discourse salience.