Digital Commons Network^™

Image-Based Nanocrystallography With Online Database Support, Peter Moeck, Ján Zahornadsky, Boris Dusek

Physics Faculty Publications and Presentations

The crystallographic phase and morphology of many materials change with the crystal size so that new needs arise to determine the crystallography of nanocrystals. Direct space high-resolution phase-contrast transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM) and atomic resolution scanning TEM (STEM) when combined with tools for image-based nanocrystallography in two (2D) and three (3D) dimensions possess the capacity to meet these needs. After a concise discussion of lattice-fringe visibility spheres and maps, this paper discusses lattice-fringe fingerprinting in 2D and tilt protocol applications. On-line database developments at Portland State University (PSU) that support image-based nanocrystallography are also mentioned.

Lattice Fringe Fingerprinting In Two Dimensions With Database Support, Peter Moeck, B. Seipel, R. Bjorge, P. Fraundorf

Physics Faculty Publications and Presentations

A brief introduction to lattice fringe fingerprinting in two dimensions (2D) with database support is given. The method is employed for the identification of the crystal phase of a small ensemble of nanocrystals. The enhanced viability of this method in aberration-corrected transmission electron microscopes (TEMs) and scanning TEMs (STEMs) is also illustrated.

The Promise (And Limits) Of Neuroeconomics, Jedediah S. Purdy

Faculty Scholarship

Neuroeconomics — the study of brain activity in people engaged in tasks of reasoning and choice — looks set to be the next behavioral economics: a set of findings about how people make decisions that casts both light and doubt on widely accepted premises about rationality and social life. This Article explains what is most exciting about the new field and lays out some specific research tasks for it.

Don't Dilute My Coffee! Federal Trademark Dilution And Likely Legislative Changes, Roger V. Skalbeck

Law Faculty Publications

In this article, we take a look at a handful of the bigger law-related digital collections available today. We present the core elements of each collection to give readers an idea of what is out there. In addition, we look at some broad-based questions presented by acquiring access to digital collections. Finally, briefly, we look at issues of access, ownership, copyright, interlibrary lending, catalog records, and cost.

New Orleans, The Chesapeake, And The Future Of Environmental Assessment: Overcoming The Natural Resources Law Of Unintended Consequences, Erin Ryan

Faculty Publications

No abstract provided.

Xbrl: Origins, Implementation And Acceptance, Phillip Kloeden

Articles

A brief overview of the origins of modern accounting are examined with it’s genesis in the Italian Renaissance. During this time period, trade and commerce expanded and new methods for tracking and recording transactions became necessary. Double entry bookkeeping was first documented by Luca Pacioli in 1458. Innovative Italian merchants and scholars of this time period have become known as the fathers of modern accounting. eXtensible Business Reporting Language (XBRL) is currently the revolutionizing concept in the modern accounting world. Originally, known as Extensible Financial Reporting Markup Language (XFRML) in 1998, it was a prototype language created by the early …

Grain Boundary Property Determination Through Measurement Of Triple Junction Geometry And Crystallography, Brent L. Adams, D. Casasent, M. Demirel, Bassem S. El-Dasher, D. Kinderlehrer, C. Liu, I. Livshits, F. Manolache, D. Mason, A. Morawiec, W. W. Mullins, S. Ozdemir, Gregory S. Rohrer, Anthony D. Rollett, David M. Saylor, Shlomo Ta'asan, A. Talukder, Chialin T. Wu, C. C. Yang, W. Yang

Faculty Publications

This work was supported primarily by the MRSEC program of the National Science Foundation under Award Number DMR-0079996. Microstructure controls the properties of most useful materials. Thus an ability to control microstructure through the processing of materials is a key to optimization of materials performance. Most materials are polycrystalline and their grain structure is a very important aspect of their microstructure. Thanks to their complexity there is a great variety of grain boundary types even in relatively isotropic materials such as the cubic metals. Simply describing the crystallography requires five (macroscopic) parameters (e.g. disorientation and inclination). Evidently, acquiring a knowledge …

Trehalose Uptake Through P2x7 Purinergic Channels Provides Dehydration Protection., Gloria Elliott, Jennifer Cusick, Xiang-Hong Liu, Michael Menze, Trudy Witt, Steven Hand, Mehmet Toner

Faculty and Staff Scholarship

The tetra-anionic form of ATP (ATP4-) is known to induce monovalent and divalent ion fluxes in cells that express purinergic P2X7 receptors (Steinberg et al., 1987; Sung et al., 1985), and with sustained application of ATP it has been shown that dyes as large as 831 daltons can permeate the cell membrane (Steinberg et al, 1987). The current study explores the kinetics of loading α,α-trehalose (342 daltons) into ATP stimulated J774.A1 cells, which are known to express the purinergic P2X7 receptor (Steinberg et al., 1987). Cells that were incubated at 37 ̊C in a 50 mM phosphate buffer (pH 7.0) …

Embracing Chance: Post-Modern Meditations On Punishment, Bernard E. Harcourt

Faculty Scholarship

Since the modern era, the discourse of punishment has cycled through three sets of questions. The first, born of the Enlightenment itself, asked: On what ground does the sovereign have the right to punish? Nietzsche most forcefully, but others as well, argued that the question itself begged its own answer. The right to punish, they suggested, is what defines sovereignty, and as such, can never serve to limit sovereign power. With the birth of the social sciences, this skepticism gave rise to a second set of questions: What then is the true function of punishment? What is it that we …

What's Real For Law?, Jospeh Vining

Articles

Law is not academic. The univeristy if not its home. Law is in the wider world and is pervasive there, in language, thought, and action.

Coalgebras And Their Logics, Alexander Kurz

Engineering Faculty Articles and Research

"Transition systems pervade much of computer science. This article outlines the beginnings of a general theory of specification languages for transition systems. More specifically, transition systems are generalised to coalgebras. Specification languages together with their proof systems, in the following called (logical or modal) calculi, are presented by the associated classes of algebras (e.g., classical propositional logic by Boolean algebras). Stone duality will be used to relate the logics and their coalgebraic semantics."

A Fast Algorithm For Data Mining, Aarathi Raghu

Master's Projects

In the past few years, there has been a keen interest in mining frequent itemsets in large data repositories. Frequent itemsets correspond to the set of items that occur frequently in transactions in a database. Several novel algorithms have been developed recently to mine closed frequent itemsets - these itemsets are a subset of the frequent itemsets. These algorithms are of practical value: they can be applied to real-world applications to extract patterns of interest in data repositories. However, prior to using an algorithm in practice, it is necessary to know its performance as well implementation issues. In this project, …

Bluetooth Security Protocol Analysis And Improvements, Chi Shing Lee

Master's Projects

Since its creation, Bluetooth has transformed itself from a cable replacement technology to a wireless technology that connects people and machines. Bluetooth has been widely adapted on mobile phones and PDAs. Many other vendors in other industries are integrating Bluetooth into their products. Although vendors are adapting to the technology, Bluetooth hasn’t been a big hit among users. Security remains a major concern. Poor implementation of the Bluetooth architecture on mobile devices leads to some high profiled Bluetooth hacks. Weak security protocol designs expose the Bluetooth system to some devastating protocol attacks. This paper first explores four Bluetooth protocol-level attacks …

Finding Optimal Reduct For Rough Sets By Using A Decision Tree Learning Algorithm, Xin Li

Master's Projects

Rough Set theory is a mathematical theory for classification based on structural analysis of relational data. It can be used to find the minimal reduct. Minimal reduct is the minimal knowledge representation for the relational data. The theory has been successfully applied to various domains in data mining. However, a major limitation in Rough Set theory is that finding the minimal reduct is an NP-hard problem. C4.5 is a very popular decision tree-learning algorithm. It is very efficient at generating a decision tree. This project uses the decision tree generated by C4.5 to find the optimal reduct for a relational …

Authoring Xml Documents With Xhtml And Mathml Support, Xiaoheng Wu

Master's Projects

Since the late 1970s, a large number of scientific documents have been authored in TeX or its derivations such as LaTeX. These typesetting systems allow anybody to write highquality books and articles. But the TeX syntax is not compatible with HTML or XML. So the WWW consortium's answer is MathML. The primary goal of MathML is to enable mathematical documents to be communicated, exchanged, and processed on the Web. Therefore, MathML documents are usually embedded with XHTML documents. Currently, there are several XHTML+MathML editors. The most popular editors use two common approaches. The first approach offers a WhatYouSeeIsWhatYouGet (WYSIWYG) interface. …

Analysis And Detection Of Metamorphic Computer Viruses, Wing Wong

Master's Projects

Virus writers and anti-virus researches generally agree that metamorphism is the way to generate undetectable viruses. Several virus writers have released virus creation kits and claimed that they possess the ability to automatically produce morphed virus variants that look substantially different from one another. To see how effective these code morphing engines are, and how much difference exists between variants of a same virus, we measured the similarity between virus variants generated by four virus generators downloaded from the Internet. Our result shows that the effectiveness of these generators varies widely. While the best generator, NGVCK, is able to create …

Inside Alternatively Powered Vehicles: The Problems And The Possibilities, Roxanne Greitz Miller

Education Faculty Articles and Research

This article explores alternatively powered vehicles.

Cloning: A Critical Analysis Of Myths And Media, Roxanne Greitz Miller

Education Faculty Articles and Research

The writer discusses cloning and the teaching of science and media literacy. She provides information on cloning and presents myths about cloning perpetuated by the media. She then provides activities that improve students' media literacy and critical thinking through an investigation of the media's portrayal of cloning.

Visualization Of Secondary Rna Structure Prediction Algorithms, Brandon Hunter

Master's Projects

This chapter introduces the secondary structure prediction problem. It describes what the secondary structure prediction problem is and why it is important. Based on the importance of the algorithm it is essential to have a clear means to visually represent the problem. Therefore, this chapter details the high level goals of the visualization. It details how the visualization will visually represent the problem through several simultaneous representations. These visual representations will be tied together in order to increase the understanding of the algorithm.

A Meaningful Md5 Hash Collision Attack, Narayana D. Kashyap

Master's Projects

It is now proved by Wang et al., that MD5 hash is no more secure, after they proposed an attack that would generate two different messages that gives the same MD5 sum. Many conditions need to be satisfied to attain this collision. Vlastimil Klima then proposed a more efficient and faster technique to implement this attack. We use these techniques to first create a collision attack and then use these collisions to implement meaningful collisions by creating two different packages that give identical MD5 hash, but when extracted, each gives out different files with contents specified by the atacker.

Automatic Extraction Of Keywords And Co-Occurrence Keyword Sets, Mong-Hang Vo

Master's Projects

Internet search has become an essential part of almost everyone’s daily life and work. To make wise personal and business decisions in a timely fashion, one must access the most relevant information efficiently. Because the amount of information on the Internet is enormous, it is important that a search engine ranks the information appropriately when it presents search results to users. Latent Semantic Indexing (LSI) addresses relevance ranking based on how significant a search word is in each document. Some innovative approaches of computing higher dimensional LSI (HD-LSI) were explored in this project. In traditional LSI, the term frequency-inverse document …

Scalable Energy-Efficient Routing In Mobile Ad Hoc Network, Rashmi Kukanur

Master's Projects

The quick deployment without any existing infrastructure makes mobile ad hoc networks (MANET) a striking choice for dynamic situations such as military and rescue operations, disaster recovery, and so on and so forth. However, routing remains one of the major issues in MANET due to the highly dynamic and distributed environment. Energy consumption is also a significant issue in ad hoc networks since the nodes are battery powered. This report discusses some major dominating set based approaches to perform energy efficient routing in mobile ad hoc networks. It also presents the performance results for each of these mentioned approaches in …

Clustering High Dimensional Data Using Svm, Tam P. Ngo

Master's Projects

The Web contains massive amount of documents from across the globe to the point where it has become impossible to classify them manually. This project’s goal is to find a new method for clustering documents that are as close to humans’ classification as possible and at the same time to reduce the size of the documents. This project uses a combination of Latent Semantic Indexing (LSI) with Singular Value Decomposition (SVD) calculation as well as Support Vector Machine (SVM) classification. With SVD, data sets are decomposed and can be truncated to reduce the data sets size. The reduced data set …

Enhancing Tcp Performance In Wired-Cum-Wireless Networks, Shruthi B. Krishnan

Master's Projects

Increasing popularity for mobile devices has prompted industrial and academic research towards improving the performance of wireless applications. Transmission Control Protocol (TCP) plays an important role in defining a network’s performance, and its use in wireless networks has exposed several inadequacies in its operation. Tight coupling of TCP’s error and congestion control mechanisms has proven to be incompatible with the unique characteristics of wireless channels. TCP, designed for wired networks, assumes any loss of packet to be an indication of congestion in the network. Wireless networks exhibit a higher bit error rate, low and varying bandwidth, and disconnections of hosts …

Reduce, Refine, Replace: The Failure Of The Three R’S And The Future Of Animal Experimentation, Darian M. Ibrahim

Faculty Publications

No abstract provided.

On Market Activity And The Value Of Money, Gabriele Camera, Filip Vesely

Economics Faculty Articles and Research

In a random-matching monetary economy, efficient and inefficient sellers choose between home or market production. Since inefficient sellers bargain up their prices, two equilibria may exist– with high or low market participation–depending on extent of heterogeneity and frictions. In equilibrium, the presence of inefficient sellers on the market has two opposing effects. It raises trading frequencies, so it lowers consumption risk, but it lowers the value of money, raising prices. This may reduce trading efficiency. Equilibria with full and limited participation can coexist; when average efficiency is high and agents are patient, limited participation is socially preferable.

The Church And Evolution: A Brief History Of Official Statements, Frank B. Salisbury

Review of Books on the Book of Mormon 1989–2011

Review of William E. Evenson and Duane E. Jeffery. Mormonism and Evolution: The Authoritative LDS Statements.

Estimating Spatial Curve Number For Hydrologic Response Analysis Of A Small Watershed

Journal of Spatial Hydrology

An approach to estimate the curve number (CN) at each pixel unit of a satellite imagery, which is a key parameter in the widely used Soil Conservation Service Curve Number (SCS- CN) hydrologic model, is proposed. Instead of mapping land use and its temporal dynamics from satellite imageries, this approach linearly unmixes the multi-spectral radiances into three fractional layers which primarily control the degree of saturation within a watershed occurring due to a 25 cm-depth storm event, i.e., physically interpreted as the CN. The fraction layers used are water, sand and pure vegetation. In order to obtain a relationship between …

Expressions 2004-2006, Amy Lamm, P.J. Mcrae, Bennett Jenkins, Laura Griffin, Jennifer Piatt, Josh Beck, Anjanette Miner, Kelly Bittner, Audie Mobley, Laura Leland, Jared Annear, Brandon Glenn, Luke Jennett, Tim Vanderkamp, Jonathan Gold, Dianne Edwards, Elinda Peterson, Maggie Gulling, Ly-Lee F

Expressions

No abstract provided.

Fact Book 2006-07, Western Michigan University

Western Michigan University Fact Books

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