Digital Commons Network^™

Evaluation Of A Tube Feeding Decision Aid For Substitute Decision Makers, Emily H. Bower

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

Substitute decision makers may be in a position to make "preference-sensitive" decisions for their patient, including whether to approve tube feeding. The present study evaluated the only known tube feeding decision aid for substitute decision makers (Mitchell, Tetroe, & O'Conner, 2001). Sixty adults completed a pre-questionnaire, read an active control brochure (control group) or decision aid (experimental group), and completed a post-questionnaire. Both groups demonstrated increased knowledge and decisional conflict at post-test, although the experimental group had higher scores in both. Participants who were either in favor or against tube feeding at pre-test rarely changed their decision at post-test. Control …

Mosquitos Associated With Equine West Nile Virus Cases In Southeastern Georgia, Calvin William Hancock

College of Graduate Studies: Theses & Dissertations

Mosquito populations associated with equine and avian cases of West Nile Virus infections in five counties in southeastern Georgia were sampled in 2003 and 2004. More than 10,500 mosquitoes representing over 20 species were collected at 25 sites using light traps and vacuum aspirators. Of these, 8,500 mosquitoes were tested for the presence of West Nile Virus, Eastern Equine Encephalitis Virus, and Saint Louis Encephalitis Virus in 411 separate pools of 1-50 mosquitoes. No virus positive mosquitoes were detected. Blood meals from 377 engorged specimens caught at these sites were identified as of mammalian, avian, or reptile/amphibian origin using serological …

After The Catastrophe: Disaster Relief For Hospitals, Elizabeth Weeks Leonard

Scholarly Works

Disaster planning for health care providers following the September 11, 2001, terrorist attacks and, more recently, Hurricane Katrina, focuses on preparing hospitals and other emergency services to respond to victims' medical needs. But little attention has been paid to the challenges that providers would face resuming normal operations after responding to the catastrophe. A large-scale catastrophe could create unprecedented demand for health care and emergency services. Hospitals already struggle to fulfill the high demand for and high costs of emergency care. Following a major disaster, hospitals would face additional financial challenges. Strained capacity and financial reserves, may force hospitals to …

The Impact Of Quiet Time On The Sleep Quality Of Cardiothoracic Surgery Patients, Kristina L. Nelson

Graduate Research Projects

The purpose of this study was to observe patients' quality of sleep on a cardiothoracic step-down unit before and after institution of an "undisturbed quiet time" policy from eleven o'clock in the evening until five in the morning. It was hypothesized that these patients have improved sleep quality after institution of the Quiet Time protocol. The comparative group, quasi-experimental study utilized the Verran and Snyder-Halpern Sleep Scale and Factors Influencing Sleep Questionnaire to measure sleep disturbance, effectiveness, and supplementation. Results demonstrated a decrease in sleep disturbance with initiation of the Quiet Time, but no significant change in sleep effectiveness and …

Outsiders As Innovators In The Life Sciences, Michael Dietrich

Dartmouth Scholarship

An introduction to the book Outsider Scientists: Routes to Innovation in Biology edited by Oren Harman and Michael Dietrich

Washington University Record, November 30, 2006

Washington University Record

No abstract provided.

11-29-2006 Senior Biology Students Presenting Poster Presentations At Swosu, Southwestern Oklahoma State University

THE BARK ARCHIVE 2006

Seven senior biology students at Southwestern Oklahoma State University will present their term papers as poster presentations this Monday and Tuesday, December 4-5, on the Weatherford campus.

Spatio-Temporal Analysis Of Areal Data And Discovery Of Neighborhood Relationships In Conditionally Autoregressive Models, Subharup Guha, Louise Ryan

Harvard University Biostatistics Working Paper Series

No abstract provided.

The Nevada Institute For Children’S Research And Policy: Final Report, The Nevada Institute For Children’S Research And Policy

Nevada Institute for Children's Research and Policy Reports

On November 16, 2005, the Legislative Commission unanimously voted to approve hiring the Nevada Institute for Children’s Research and Policy (NICRP), School of Public Health, UNLV to study and evaluate governmental entities and private facilities that have physical custody of children pursuant to a court order and other public entities that provide for the care and supervision of children in the State of Nevada. The study included three primary components. The first component involved an analysis of the guidelines, protocols, policies and procedures of these entities/facilities which affect the health, safety, welfare, treatment and civil or other rights of children …

November 20, 2006 Reporter, University Of Alabama At Birmingham

eReporter (campus newsletter)

No abstract provided.

Unh Research Uses Satellite Observation To Track Avian Flu, David Sims

Media Relations

No abstract provided.

Using Baits To Deliver Pharmaceuticals To Feral Swine In Southern Texas, Tyler A. Campbell, Steven J. Lapidge, David B. Long

United States Department of Agriculture Wildlife Services: Staff Publications

Few studies have evaluated oral delivery systems of pharmaceuticals (e.g., vaccines, fertility control agents, and toxicants) to feral swine (Sus scrofa) in the United States. Our objective was to assess, through a field trial, the percentage of feral swine and non-target animals that remove and consume baits intended to transport pharmaceuticals to feral swine in southern Texas, USA. We hand-placed 1,178 iophenoxic acid (IA)–marked baits distributed over 1,721 ha (68 baits/km²) in April 2005 and monitored species-specific bait removal and consumption using track stations, automated camera systems, and serum IA values from captured animals. Ninety percent …

The Diamond, November 17, 2006, Dordt College

Dordt Diamond

• Front Page: Victory for Democrats Suggests Changes to Come; President-Elect Trades War for Peace
• Lifestyles: Donating Blood Questions Answered; Out and About; Samsung Designs Killer Robot
• Opinion: GEN-100 Advisor "Lottery" Needs Readjustment; From a Secretary's Point of View... ; Dordt Student Attends NCMSCL; Picture Poll: Did you Vote? Why or Why Not?
• Features: Community Effort Builds New Dordt Sign; Living in the "State of Poverty"; Victory Rally Pep Rally?; Placement Office Stuff
• Arts: Little Women: Taking the Stage; Butlers Cafe and Coffee: A Community Experience
• Leisure: Flags of Our Fathers
• Sports: Dordt Basketball Holding Their Own; Get To Know Em' …

Spectrum, Volume 25, Issue 9, Sacred Heart University

Newspapers (Obelisk & Spectrum)

Tim Russert speaks at SHU-- Borat's pushing boundaries -- Blackboard causes registration restrictions -- Death of a Salesman: Success for SHU Players -- Campus parking is not an easy task.

Newsroom, Georgia Southern University

Newsroom (2006-2023)

• Winter holiday cultural celebration Nov. 30
• Hardy shares U.S. public health experience with Albanian leaders

Animal Health Matters, David H. Zeman

Animal Health MATTERS Newsletter

Head/Director's Message [Page] 1-Animal Health Surveillance Demands Continue to Grow Diagnostic News [Page] 1- Combined North American/European-like / LV “Multi-PRRSV Real-Time PCR Assay [Page] 2- Antemortem Diagnostics for Bovine Respiratory Disease: Obtaining Bronchoalveolar Lavage Samples [Page] 2- Holiday Hours Extension News [Page] 3- Tularemia Cases Diagnosed at SDSU ADRDL: September 2005 – October 2006 [Page] 4- Process Verified Programs (PVP’s) Available to SD Calf Producers [Page] 5- Pieces and Parts [Page] 8- Calendar of Events

Mexico's Health Secretary Loses To Hong Kong Doctor In Bid To Lead Who, Ladb Staff

SourceMex

No abstract provided.

Sin Nombre Viral Rna Load In Patients With The Hantavirus Cardiopulmonary Syndrome, Ruobing Xiao, Brian Hjelle

Undergraduate Medical Student Research

To address the role of viral load in pathogenesis in patients with hantavirus cardiopulmonary syndrome (HCPS), we quantified Sin Nombre virus S segment viral RNA in plasma samples from 27 acutely-ill patients. For six patients we examined viral load in matched plasma, urine, and/or tracheal aspirate throughout the time when patients were in intensive care. Peak titers in plasma reached 1.8x106 copies/ml; none had viral RNA in urine. Titers in tracheal aspirates did not exceed 8x104/ml. We found a statistically significant association (P< 0.005) between plasma viral RNA levels at admission and the severity of disease. Of those with plasma viral RNA titers above the threshold for assay sensitivity (5000 copies/ml), those with mild-moderate and severe disease had an average of 27,800 and 438,545 copies/ml, respectively. These results suggest that patients with high viral loads on admission are more likely to have severe disease.

November 29th 2006, Hispanic News

Inland Empire Hispanic News

No abstract provided.

Prevalence And Predictors Of Chronic Liver Disease In An Urban Hiv Population, Sunanda Pejavar

Yale Medicine Thesis Digital Library

Chronic liver disease (CLD) is a leading cause of morbidity and mortality in HIV-infected individuals. The purposes of this study were to determine the prevalence and etiologies of CLD in an urban HIV-infected population and to identify CLD risk factors. We conducted a retrospective chart review of 799 HIV-infected patients seen at four New Haven health centers from 2002 to 2003. We applied the New Haven County Liver Study definition to identify patients with CLD. 65% were male, 44% were African American, and 23% were of Hispanic ethnicity. The mean age was 45 years. 30% had a history of alcohol …

Routine Anal Cytology Screening For Anal Squamous Intraepithelial Lesions In An Ethnically Diverse Urban Hiv Clinic, Hyman Scott

Yale Medicine Thesis Digital Library

Anal cancer, like cervical cancer, is associated with Human Papillomavirus (HPV) infection. HIV+ patients have 38-60 fold increased risk of anal cancer compared to HIV- patients prompting many to suggest routine screening given the success of cervical Pap screening. Our goal is to describe our experience with routine anal Pap screening, determine which patients are most likely to have abnormal results, if anal disease on physical exam is predictive of cytology, and correlate cytology with histology findings. Charts of all patients with an anal Pap followed at the Hospital of Saint Raphael HIV Clinic were reviewed. Demographics, immune status, sexually …

Patterns Of Resistance To Antiretroviral Therapy Among Hiv+ Patients In Clinical Care, Akash Shah

Yale Medicine Thesis Digital Library

HIV-1 antiretroviral resistance has posed major challenges to treatment advances of the last decade. However, few studies have analyzed the prevalence and time trends of drug resistance among HIV+ patients on antiretroviral therapy followed longitudinally in clinical care. The purpose of this study is to determine the cumulative prevalence of HIV genotypic drug resistance and the dynamics of resistance development in HIV+ patients in care. We hypothesized that a >5% increase in resistance would occur per 6-month period and a >15% increase in drug resistance would occur over 18 months. This retrospective longitudinal study consisted of patients from the two …

Anti-Capsular Antibodies Activate Killing Of Escherichia Coli O8:K87 By The Alternate Complement Pathway In Porcine Serum, N. M. Clark, E. M. Berberov, M. Wang, Rodney A. Moxley

School of Veterinary and Biomedical Sciences: Faculty Publications

Enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli (ETEC) strains that produce K88 (F4) ⁺ fimbria are important causes of diarrhea and post-diarrheal septicemia in swine. ETEC O8:K87, a serotype represented by a number of these strains, is typically serum resistant. Strain-specific antibodies are known to activate alternative C pathway-mediated killing of other serum-resistant E. coli [Hill, A.W., Shears, A.L., Hibbitt, K.G., 1978. The requirement of specific antibody for the killing of E. coli by the alternate complement pathway in bovine serum. Immunology 34, 131–136], but their antigenic targets have not been determined. We tested the hypothesis that anti-K87 antibodies activate alternative pathway-mediated killing of …

Proteomic Identification Of In Vivo Substrates For Matrix Metalloproteinases 2 And 9 Reveals A Mechanism For Resolution Of Inflammation, Kendra J Greenlee, David B Corry, David A Engler, Risë K Matsunami, Philippe Tessier, Richard G Cook, Zena Werb, Farrah Kheradmand

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Clearance of allergic inflammatory cells from the lung through matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) is necessary to prevent lethal asphyxiation, but mechanistic insight into this essential homeostatic process is lacking. In this study, we have used a proteomics approach to determine how MMPs promote egression of lung inflammatory cells through the airway. MMP2- and MMP9-dependent cleavage of individual Th2 chemokines modulated their chemotactic activity; however, the net effect of complementing bronchoalveolar lavage fluid of allergen-challenged MMP2(-/-)/MMP9(-/-) mice with active MMP2 and MMP9 was to markedly enhance its overall chemotactic activity. In the bronchoalveolar fluid of MMP2(-/-)/MMP9(-/-) allergic mice, we identified several chemotactic …

Daily Eastern News: November 14, 2006, Eastern Illinois University

November

No abstract provided.

Curriculum Minutes 11/14/2006, Curriculum Committee

Curriculum Committee Minutes

No abstract provided.

An Anatomy Based Health Education Curriculum Taught By Medical Students May Improve High School Students Health Knowledge, Jason Knight

Yale Medicine Thesis Digital Library

To date, few high school based interventions have been shown to have lasting effects on adolescents' health behaviors. The need for health interventions targeting adolescents is underscored by data showing that several health behaviors with significant short and long term adverse effects begin in early adolescence and become progressively more prevalent toward late adolescence. This project tested the efficacy of a novel anatomy based health education curriculum at increasing health knowledge. The course was taught by first year Yale medical students. The curriculum placed emphasis on nutrition, physical activity and infectious disease. Forty Juniors from Career High School visited Yale's …

The Epidemiology And Clinical Presentation Of Leprosy In The Pediatric Population Of Paraguay, Jessica Anne Kattan

Yale Medicine Thesis Digital Library

Background: Several aspects concerning the biology and epidemiology of leprosy remain unknown. It has been recognized that the study of children with leprosy could provide important insight into unanswered questions, particularly if disease manifestations are carefully observed. Methods: A retrospective chart review of 308 cases of children aged 0-14 y/o was conducted at the Ministry of Health Leprosy Department in Asuncion, Paraguay. Data regarding age, gender, leprosy classification, transmission, detection, clinical presentation, presence and class of reaction, and disability were abstracted. Results: The study group ranged from 2 to 14 years of age. The incidence rate and the risk of …

Vulnerability Of Pathogenic Biofilms To Micavibrio Aeruginosavorus, Daniel Kadouri, Nel C. Venzon, George A. O'Toole

Dartmouth Scholarship

The host specificity of the gram-negative exoparasitic predatory bacterium Micavibrio aeruginosavorus was examined. M. aeruginosavorus preyed on Pseudomonas aeruginosa, as previously reported, as well as Burkholderia cepacia, Klebsiella pneumoniae, and numerous clinical isolates of these species. In a static assay, a reduction in biofilm biomass was observed as early as 3 hours after exposure to M. aeruginosavorus, and an ∼100-fold reduction in biofilm cell viability was detected following a a 24-h exposure to the predator. We observed that an initial titer of Micavibrio as low as 10 PFU/well or a time of exposure to the predator as short as 30 …

Antimicrobial Effects Of Liquid Anesthetic Isoflurane On Candida Albicans, Viachaslau M. Barodka, Edward Acheampong, Garry Powell, Ludmilla Lobach, David A. Logan, Zahida Parveen, Valerie Armstead, Muhammad Mukhtar

Department of Medicine Faculty Papers

Candida albicans is a dimorphic fungus that can grow in yeast morphology or hyphal form depending on the surrounding environment. This ubiquitous fungus is present in skin and mucus membranes as a potential pathogen that under opportunistic conditions causes a series of systemic and superficial infections known as candidiasis, moniliasis or simply candidiasis. There has been a steady increase in the prevalence of candidiasis that is expressed in more virulent forms of infection. Although candidiasis is commonly manifested as mucocutaneous disease, life-threatening systemic invasion by this fungus can occur in every part of the body. The severity of candidal infections …