Digital Commons Network^™

Mission Creep: Antitrust Exemptions And Immunities As Applied To Deregulated Industries, Darren Bush

Utah Law Review

Traditionally scholars, judges, and practitioners have viewed antitrust and regulation as alternatives.) In the not-too-distant past, certain industries were subject to a traditional mode of regulation that limited the ability of a monopoly service provider to exit, barred competitor entry, and regulated the rates and services offered by the monopoly. An administrative agency would promulgate such regulation under authority derived from federal or state legislation. The agency would confer on the industry the right to some reasonable rate of return and an exclusive right to provide service within its territory in exchange for the provision of service to all comers, …

Discounts And Exclusions, Herbert Hovenkamp

Utah Law Review

The Sherman Act Section 2 law of discounting and bundling today is moving in the right direction. However, decisions such as LePage's in the Third Circuit indicate that the courts have yet to develop a set of concrete, administrable rules that will not deter firms from engaging in aggressive but procompetitive behavior.

The Development And Optimization Of Microbial Molecular Biomarkers For The In Situ Assessment Of Trace Metal Toxicity, Nicolas James Bouskill

School of Biological and Marine Sciences Theses

Microorganisms are fundamental components of many geochemical transformations occurring in the aquatic environment. Microbial redox and methylation of metals within the environment can alter metal speciation, mobility and ultimately, toxicity to eukaryotes. It is therefore practical that any environmental monitoring framework advocating the application of `early-warning biomarker system' should incorporate a holistic view of the environment beginning with microbial activity. This thesis describes the development of protocols for assessing the in situ condition of microbial ecosystems within a gradient of metal contaminated sites radiating downstream of the Anaconda Smelter, a USEPA-designated superfund site and within two control sites. Experiments focus …

Modulation Of The Health Status Of Ornamental Fish By Stress And Dietary Immuno-Stimulants, Stuart Maudling

School of Biological and Marine Sciences Theses

Three trials were conducted to investigate the effects of dietary immuno-stimulant supplementation on various physiological, haematological and immunological parameters of ornamental fish following stress and vaccination. The first series of experiments investigated the mucosal stress response of mirror carp, (Cyprinus carpio), using urinalysis strips and established stress indicators within peripheral blood. A netting stressor, which combined aerial exposure and confinement, of 6 minutes duration was applied and the response of fish was measured 1.5, 3, 5, 24 and 168 hours post-stress. Mucosal haemoglobin and protein were established as consistent indicators of stress and strong relationships could be drawn between them …

Molecular Ecology Of Marine Algal Viruses, Joaquin Martinez Martinez

School of Biological and Marine Sciences Theses

In this study phytoplankton viruses were investigated from a point of view of their genotypic richness, ecology and role in controlling two microalgae species: Emiliania huxleyi and Phaeocystis pouchetii. Host specificity determined for Emiliania huxleyi-virus (EhV) isolates revealed a highly variable host range suggesting a relation between virus specificity and genetic or phenotypic variations within E. huxleyi strains and EhVs. Subsequently the dynamics and genetic richness of Emiliania huxleyi and EhVs were monitored in mesocosm experiments and during the progression of a natural bloom in the sea. The results confirmed the role of virus infection in regulating the intraspecific succession …

Identification Of Structural And Antigenic Components Of Bacillus Anthracis Spores And Their Application To Rapid Detection Using Biosensors, Tracey Elizabeth Love

School of Biological and Marine Sciences Theses

The work presented in this thesis describes a rational design approach to the rapid detection of Bacillus anthracis spores. A range of assay formats are available for detection of B. anthracis, however none fulfil the criteria of speed, sensitivity or specificity. Optical biosensors have shown promise for the near real time detection of low molecular weight analytes, although exploitation of these systems for bacterial detection has been restricted due to a comparative lack of sensitivity. Electroporation was unsuitable as a disruption method for immunoassay based techniques, whereas preliminary experiments suggested sonication could be utilised. A novel tubular sonicator designed to …

The Potential Use Of (1→3, 1→4)-Β-D-Glucan From Barley As A Functional Food Ingredient For Cereal Foods, Louise Jane Cleary

School of Biological and Marine Sciences Theses

The health related importance of dietary fibre as part of a balanced diet is well known. More recently, soluble fibres, such as (1→3, 1→4)-β-D-glucan (β-glucan), have been shown to influence glycaemic, insulin and cholesterol responses to foods. Barley is a rich source of β-glucan; however, consumption of products containing barley grain or flour is often limited by their negative organoleptic quality. A potential solution lies in the use of barley as an extraction source for β-glucan fractions. One problem with regards to this is the lack of clarity on the use of barley β-glucan fractions in food systems, particularly their …

The Americans With Disabilities Act And How It Affects Post-Secondary Education, Annette Louise Beck

Graduate Research Papers

The Americans with Disabilities Act and how it affects post-secondary education is what this literature review addresses. The Americans with Disabilities Act of 1990 (ADA) prohibits discrimination against someone with a disability in places of employment and public places. In 1973, the United States Congress passed Section 504 and The Individuals with Disabilities Education Act (IDEA) was passed in 1990. Both helped solidify regulations regarding discrimination by any entity that receives federal funding including educational institutions. The law requires employers or schools to make a change or adjustment in a work or educational setting, program, or job that makes it …

A Tool For Estimating Best Management Practice Effectiveness In Arkansas, Katherine R. Merriman, Margaret Gitau, Indrajeet Chaubey

Discovery, The Student Journal of Dale Bumpers College of Agricultural, Food and Life Sciences

Increased nutrient and sediment losses from expanding agricultural practices and urban development in Arkansas are important environmental concerns. Best Management Practices (BMPs) are being implemented to lessen the effects of these developments on existing water bodies. There is, however, insufficient scientific base as to the effectiveness of these practices. A number of studies have been conducted in recent years to determine BMP effectiveness. Data from these studies can only be reliably used for the individual site from which they were obtained. When considered collectively, these data comprise quantitative effectiveness over a wide range of conditions and can thus be used …

Components Of Inclusion, Jodi Janssen

Graduate Research Papers

As a special education teacher, I have always had a personal desire for inclusion to happen, and believed it could have benefits for all children of identified disabilities. After a recent transfer to a new school, the administration informed me I'd be teaching kindergarten with full inclusion for my special needs students. I was very excited about the prospect, but I was not armed with any solid information on how to approach a full inclusion model. As the school year progressed, my team and I forged ahead and I began researching what literature had to provide on the components needed …

What Are Appropriate Interventions And Treatment Programs For Children With Severe Autism In An Educational Setting?, Michelle Leicht

Graduate Research Papers

This project describes professional development sessions to assist educators in implementing interventions and treatment programs for children with severe autism in an educational setting.

The questions this project will address include: (1) What interventions and treatment program for children with severe autism are available to use in an educational setting, (2) What research supports interventions and treatment programs for children with severe autism, (3) How can they be implemented into the classroom, and (4) How can professional development sessions be implemented to assist teachers?

The professional development sessions described in this project include four two-hour sessions. The purpose of these …

In-Vitro Effect Of Phthalate Esters On Retinal Aldolase, Syed Nasir Askari, Meena Zaidi, Nafees Ahmed

Turkish Journal of Medical Sciences

Background and Aim: Phthalate esters used in the manufacture of cosmetics, lubricants, medical devices and wood furnishings enter the human system through various routes and accumulate into tissues to a considerable level. Low levels of plasticizer cause infertility, hypospadias and premature puberty, while high doses of esters can damage the liver and lung. Reports on the ocular effects of these compounds are either not available or very scarce. The present study assessed the impact of dimethyl phthalate (DMP), diethyl-phthalate (DEP) and diethyl hexyl-phthalate (DEHP) on bovine retinal aldolase. Materials and Methods: Retinal aldolase activity of 0.1 ml of 1:10 solution …

Study Of Elements, Antioxidants And Lipid Peroxidation In Hemodialysis Patients, Esma Menevşe, Abdullah Si̇vri̇kaya, Emrah Karagözoğlu, Ali̇ Muhtar Ti̇fti̇k, Süleyman Türk

Turkish Journal of Medical Sciences

Background: During hemodialysis, most of the elements must be kept in a rather narrow physiological range, otherwise life-threatening events may occur. Furthermore, lipid peroxidation in patients may be partly due to the trace element disturbances. It has been mentioned that there are relations between deficiency in trace elements and antioxidant levels. The present study aimed to determine whether there were differences between hemodialysis patients and a healthy group according to selenium, aluminium, malondialdehyde (MDA), reduced form of glutathione (GSH) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) levels. Methods: The study included 47 hemodialysis patients (hemodialysis group). Blood samples were taken before (pre-hemodialysis) and …

Preparación Para Una Pandemia De Gripe: Haga Reuniones Familiares, E. Kim Cassel, Alvaro Garcia

SDSU Extension Extra Archives

Sí, podemos esperar que nuestras vidas sean “afectadas” por una pandemia de gripe aviar. Nuestras dietas y rutinas diarias van a ser alteradas, y la preocupación de todos nosotros va a ser protegernos a nosotros mismos y a nuestras familias. Como no sabemos cuán seria puede llegar a ser una pandemia en nuestras comunidades, es necesario estar preparados. Una planificación con antelación puede hacer que nuestros hogares estén más seguros y confortables. No es una tarea abrumadora, y hay muchas sugerencias que pueden ayudar. Hay que mirarlo de la siguiente manera: cuanto mejor preparados estemos, tanto mejor vamos a responder, …

The Availability Of Young Adult Fiction Containing Overt Gay And Lesbian Characters In Secondary Schools In Northeast Iowa Area Education Agency 1, Misty Dawn Gray

Graduate Research Papers

This study ascertained whether or not young adults had access to fiction titles containing gay and / or lesbian characters in school libraries in one geographic area within Iowa. The purpose of this study was to determine the availability of fiction titles containing overt gay and lesbian characters in secondary public schools in Area Education Agency 1 in Northeast Iowa. The methodology used for this study was quantitative content analysis. The researcher visited 45 secondary public schools in the 24 school districts in AEA 1 in Northeast Iowa in order to gain access to school library catalogs and determine which …

Sign To Learn : Sign Language As A Teaching Tool In Hearing Classrooms, Angela M. Schneden

Graduate Research Papers

This project examines using sign language as a multisensory learning tool in hearing classrooms. Included is a brief history of sign language in the United States as well as a review of different types of sign language. This project provides a rationale for incorporating sign language into the hearing classroom by examining the relationship between sign and gains in literacy achievement. The primary goal of using sign language in the classroom is for students to become better readers, writers, and spellers. This will be accomplished by teaching students to fingerspell and sign sight words. Research detailing use of sign in …

Sending Children Who Are Medically Fragile To School, Aulanda L. Zenner

Graduate Research Papers

This study examined the decisions to send children who are medically fragile to school-based programming. A case study including parent interviews, as well as pediatrician surveys regarding the education of children who are medically fragile. Benefits, as well as problems, were discussed and were associated with children who are medically fragile attending school. Guidelines were presented for decisions to send children who are medically fragile to school. Also, conclusions were drawn from the literature and recommendations were made for the future of schooling for children who are medically fragile.

Empowering Families From The Start: Kindergarten Family Nights, Melissa M. Teggatz

Graduate Research Papers

There are more two parent working families and single parent families in the 21st century than in any other time period in our history. With this increase in demands put on parents, their children's education is increasingly left to the teachers and faculty the children encounter at school. For children to receive the best education possible, families and educators must therefore work together. This research project examined ways to help families and kindergarten teachers meet the needs of children. One important way is through developing and implementing two developmentally appropriate, hands-on, family night events at a middle class school district …

Year-Round Education, Kara Trentz

Graduate Research Papers

This study looks at the operations of year-round education. Discussions will go into the benefits of year-round education, as well as the problems of such a program. Guidelines for establishing a calendar for a year-round school will be presented. Lastly, conclusions and recommendations will be made for the future of year-round education for our state and nation.

Reaching Older Less Proficient Readers With Books Suggested In A Standard Bibliography, Sandra E. Antons

Graduate Research Papers

With emphasis on improving reading scores from No Child Left Behind legislation to local district and local building goals, is there a bibliographic source of titles to help engage less proficient readers?

The purpose of this study was to determine if the school library media specialist can rely upon a bibliographic source of books for beginning readers to make appropriate suggestions of titles to read by less proficient third grade readers at Strawberry Hill Elementary School, Anamosa Community School District, Anamosa, Iowa.

This study was conducted as an ethnographic study. Ten students were selected to participate if: they scored at …

The Importance Of Ehealth In The Education Of Underserved Populations, Shanel L. Winfield

Graduate Research Papers

The use of the Internet or the World Wide Web for educational purposes is widespread and rapidly growing. It is only natural that, in response to this rapid growth, its usage expands into the field of medicine, particularly eHealth. But as the nature of how the Internet is being used in health and medicine increases, there is a large segment of the population being left behind because of lack of access. This lack of access is in response to economic barriers, political barriers, social-cultural barriers and social-economic barriers. Issues of literacy, content, and language also play a role in the …

Uncovering Perspectives And Attitudes Toward Inclusion : A Study Of Parents, Students And Teachers, Rea-Eleene Woolley

Graduate Research Papers

This study was done in an effort to identify hidden perspectives and attitudes held by parents, students, and teachers that may create a barrier to successful inclusion of students with special needs into education programs at one middle school. Surveys were distributed to randomly selected parents of special education students, parents of regular education students, special education students, regular education students, special education teachers, and regular education teachers at an intermediate school in Iowa. Results of the surveys were used to determine each group's positive and negative attitudes toward inclusion. The results of this study indicate that overall perspectives and …

Self-Harm : A Review Of Its Nature, Assessment And Treatment, Cj Yerington

Graduate Research Papers

Self-harm is becoming more and more prevalent in clinician offices and is still an occurrence that mental health professionals do not agree upon in several ways. To this day, there is a debate among mental health professionals, as even to what term it should be referred to as, the exact definition that should represent selfharm, and most importantly the proper and most effective way to treat it. Amongst all of the professional disagreeing there are clients who are presenting with self-harm and are not getting proper treatment and, in some cases, may be walking away with worse self-harm ideations than …

Constraint On Leisure: An Autoethnography Of Constraining Factors In My Leisure Experience, Leila Ghayoor-Rod

Graduate Research Papers

This research paper will review the literature related to constraint on leisure and the factors that determine participation and non-participation in variety of leisure activities. This study clarifies existing review of literature by an autoethnography of my lived experiences regarding leisure activities. My personal narrative explains some of the barriers that I as a woman faced in my leisure activities living in American society which were influenced by the way activities and environment are designed. Finally, the last chapter has some recommendations and suggestions to leisure service providers regarding how they can eliminate or reduce constraints on leisure and create …

Antibiotic Resistance And Multi-Drug Resistant Staphylococcus Aureus Bacteria In Athletics, Chad Cerullo

Graduate Research Papers

The objective of this paper is to describe the phenomenon of antibiotic resistance and the emergence of multi-drug resistant staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) bacteria as it relates to the athletic medicine setting, while also describing prevention and treatment options for infections the emerge in the athletic medicine setting.

What Does Research Tell Us About Coeducational And Single-Sex Physical Education, Jaimie Mcmullen

Graduate Research Papers

This paper looks to examine the issue of coeducational and single-sex physical education since the inception of Title IX. Although there does not seem to be an overwhelming consensus in the research surrounding the issue, there is quite a large body of research and strong potential for further inquiry. The electronic databases of EBSCOhost, Expanded Academic ASAP, and PsycARTICLES were consulted to explore the literature. In addition, the investigator searched several research journals including: Journal of Teaching in Physical Education; Journal of Physical Education, Recreation and Dance; Physical Educator; Research Quarterly for Exercise and Sport; Adolescence; and Journal of …

Athletic Training Education: A Review Of Literature, Abigail S. Mccorkel

Graduate Research Papers

Athletic training education has changed a great deal in the past fifteen years due to the education reform. However, the amount of research available in the area of athletic training education is still very limited (Turocy, 2002). There is a great need for quality research in athletic training education. In order to perform additional research, we must conclude what we know about athletic training education and what remains unknown.

Currently, no single document exists that analyzes all athletic training education research completed to date. A manuscript of this type would be very helpful to identify what we know about athletic …

A Review Of Selected Determinants Of Youth Physical Activity, Emily M. Jones

Graduate Research Papers

As identified in the Healthy People 2010 report (U.S. Department of Health and Human Services [USDHHS], 2000) leading health indicators are: physical activity; overweight and obesity; tobacco use; substance abuse; responsible sexual behavior; mental health; injury and violence; environmental quality; immunization; and access to health care. For the purposes of this paper, the health indicator under review will be physical activity. Regular participation in physical activity has been shown to reduce the risk of premature mortality, coronary heart disease, hypertension, colon cancer, and diabetes in people of all ages. Physical activity participation may also improve mental health and aids in …

A Review Of Achievement Goal Theory In Physical Education, Julie A. Jahn

Graduate Research Papers

Terrell H. Bell once said there are three things to remember about education. The first one is motivation. The second one is motivation. The third one is motivation. These simple, yet profound words state the clear truth about the journey through education. To teachers, students, administrators, or parents - these words speak volumes. Motivation can be viewed as students' biggest asset or their biggest problem. All children are motivated to do something; however it may not always be what the teacher desires. Teachers want their students to achieve the product of learning, but they also want them to enjoy and …

How Jesse Cosby Relates To The History Of Leisure And Youth Services In Black Hawk County, Jesse Clinton Henderson

Graduate Research Papers

Today Black Hawk County seems to have a number of growing problems in the African American community high crime, alcohol and drug abuse, violence , high school drop-outs, teen pregnancies, and civil unrest. Much of this seems to be attributed to a lack of participation in positive leisure, recreation, and youth activities in the African American Community.

There has always been a problem in the African American community when it comes to participation in leisure and recreational activities. Jesse Cosby recognized this problem and tried to encourage many African American youth to participate in square dancing, tennis, golf, baseball, ice …