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2006

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Articles 211 - 229 of 229

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Intimate Partner Violence Among Low -Income Pregnant Women: Multi-Level Analysis., Qing Li Jan 2006

Intimate Partner Violence Among Low -Income Pregnant Women: Multi-Level Analysis., Qing Li

All ETDs from UAB

No abstract provided.

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Monitoring Peatland Damage And Restoration Using Testate Amoebae As Indicator Organisms, Emma Jane Vickery Jan 2006

Monitoring Peatland Damage And Restoration Using Testate Amoebae As Indicator Organisms, Emma Jane Vickery

School of Geography, Earth and Environmental Sciences Theses

This thesis has examined the response of testate amoebae communities to restoration at three peatland sites in the UK. It builds upon the use of testate amoebae analysis as a palaeoenvironmental tool by exploring the hypothesis that testate amoebae respond to hydrological conditions in restored mires. Previous research has found that testate amoebae act as good proxies for hydrological condition of intact mires and past conditions but little has been done on their reaction to conditions at damaged sites in the UK. The research aimed to further the understanding of testate amoebae ecology including seasonal variability of communities, a poorly …

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Urban Growth And Segregation In The Roanoke, Virginia, Metropolis: The Effects Of Low-Density Development On Low-Income Populations And Racial Minorities, Freed Etienne Jan 2006

Urban Growth And Segregation In The Roanoke, Virginia, Metropolis: The Effects Of Low-Density Development On Low-Income Populations And Racial Minorities, Freed Etienne

Theses and Dissertations

This dissertation examines urban growth patterns in the Roanoke, Virginia, metropolis. It draws on the literature of contemporary human ecology and social area analysis to examine the effects of low-density development on low-income populations and racial minorities. The continuous spread of residential development beyond the boundaries of the central city and older suburbs into more distant, once rural areas is segregating the metropolitan area by race and income. Since the prominence of the so-called "Chicago School" of urban sociology (1913-1940), contemporary urban sociologists have outlined theories and methods to examine how American urban areas have changed and why. This dissertation …

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Analysis Of Hutterite Breastfeeding Patterns, Christine Smith Jan 2006

Analysis Of Hutterite Breastfeeding Patterns, Christine Smith

Graduate Student Theses, Dissertations, & Professional Papers

No abstract provided.

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Temporal And Spatial Patterns Of Populus Angustifolia Along The Upper Yellowstone River And Clonal Recruitment: Extent And Requirements, Mary Louise Polzin Jan 2006

Temporal And Spatial Patterns Of Populus Angustifolia Along The Upper Yellowstone River And Clonal Recruitment: Extent And Requirements, Mary Louise Polzin

Graduate Student Theses, Dissertations, & Professional Papers

No abstract provided.

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Salt Ingestion Caves, Charles A. Lundquist, William W. Varnedoe Jr. Jan 2006

Salt Ingestion Caves, Charles A. Lundquist, William W. Varnedoe Jr.

International Journal of Speleology

Large vertebrate herbivores, when they find a salt-bearing layer of rock, say in a cliff face, can produce sizable voids where, over generations, they have removed and consumed salty rock. The cavities formed by this natural animal process constitute a unique class of caves that can be called salt ingestion caves. Several examples of such caves are described in various publications. An example in Mississippi U.S.A., Rock House Cave, was visited by the authors in 2000. It seems to have been formed by deer or bison. Perhaps the most spectacular example is Kitum Cave in Kenya. This cave has been …

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Pakootas V. Teck Cominco Metals, Ltd.: Finding A Sustainable Solution To Transboundary Pollution, Kate Mcdonald Jan 2006

Pakootas V. Teck Cominco Metals, Ltd.: Finding A Sustainable Solution To Transboundary Pollution, Kate Mcdonald

Georgia Law Review

Transboundary pollution has become an issue of increasing concern as scientists learn more about the global effects of industry pollutants and the harm they pose to human health. - Advances in our understanding of the environment opened the door to disputes over responsibility for prevention and mitigation of the harmful effects of pollutants and created a search for techniques for international conflict resolution. Recently, industrial pollution of the Columbia River resulted in a legal battle between Washington citizens and a Canadian corporation over who was financially responsible for restoring the health of a portion of the river lying within the …

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The Role Of Social Structural And Social Contextual Factors In Shaping Chronic Disease And Chronic Disease Risk Behavior: A Multilevel Study Of Hypertension, General Health Status, And Mental Distress, Caroline Mae Mckay Jan 2006

The Role Of Social Structural And Social Contextual Factors In Shaping Chronic Disease And Chronic Disease Risk Behavior: A Multilevel Study Of Hypertension, General Health Status, And Mental Distress, Caroline Mae Mckay

USF Tampa Graduate Theses and Dissertations

At present there is a reliance on behavioral interventions that have been limited in their effectiveness to reduce the public health burden of chronic disease, partly because the effects of social context on the initiation and maintenance of health behaviors is not incorporated into public health policy and practice. Yet current research indicates that there are macro-level structural and contextual influences on population health that cannot be reduced to individual or compositional effects. This study investigated the associations between social structural factors, community social context, individual characteristics, and self-reported correlates of disease. Distal influences included social structural inequalities such as …

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Biomonitoring Organochlorine And Cholinesterase Inhibiting Insecticide In Eastern Iowa Streams, Matthew Thomas Fisher Jan 2006

Biomonitoring Organochlorine And Cholinesterase Inhibiting Insecticide In Eastern Iowa Streams, Matthew Thomas Fisher

Dissertations and Theses @ UNI

The four chapters in this thesis provide results from five separate investigations. Chapter One describes Isonychia bicolor acetylcholinesterase (AChE) activity in Northeast Iowa rivers. During 2002 and 2003 insects were collected from 10 sites during May, July and September, three sites on the Volga River were sampled weekly during May and June and one Cedar River site was sampled monthly. Also, in 2003, three sites on the Upper Iowa were sampled weekly in May and June. Sampling often sites yielded few discernable trends, however decreasing AChE activity from upstream to downstream sites was apparent on several occasions on the Volga …

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Analysis Of The Role Of Residential Segregation On Perinatal Outcomes In Florida, Georgia And Louisiana, Tabia Henry Akintobi Jan 2006

Analysis Of The Role Of Residential Segregation On Perinatal Outcomes In Florida, Georgia And Louisiana, Tabia Henry Akintobi

USF Tampa Graduate Theses and Dissertations

The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between residential segregation (the physical separation of Blacks and Whites in residential contexts) and adverse perinatal outcomes (low birth weight, preterm delivery and small for gestational age births) in Florida, Georgia and Louisiana. The study determined the independent effect of the level of residential segregation on the likelihood of adverse perinatal outcomes after controlling for contextual and individual factors. The study also assessed whether the relationship between residential segregation and adverse perinatal outcomes were moderated by ethnicity and median income.The studied employed an observational, cross-sectional study design that utilized secondary …

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Dendrochronological Analysis Of Productivity And Hydrology In Two Louisiana Swamps, John Blake Amos Jan 2006

Dendrochronological Analysis Of Productivity And Hydrology In Two Louisiana Swamps, John Blake Amos

LSU Master's Theses

Modified river flows and land subsidence have subjected many coastal swamp forests in the delta of the Mississippi River to greatly altered flooding, sediment, and nutrient regimes. These areas have become inundated to greater depth, duration, and frequency and either are connected to the river and receive drastically increased sediment and nutrients (riverine swamps) or have become disconnected from riverine flooding (stagnant swamps) and receive little or no sediment and nutrient input. To better understand how these changes are affecting ecosystems, dendrochronological techniques for baldcypress (Taxodium distichum L. Rich.) were used at three sites in each of two contrasting swamps …

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The Relationship Of Crime And Oil Development In The Coastal Regions Of Louisiana, Asha D. Luthra Jan 2006

The Relationship Of Crime And Oil Development In The Coastal Regions Of Louisiana, Asha D. Luthra

LSU Doctoral Dissertations

This project examines the relationship between patterns of crime and the development of the oil and gas extraction industry in the coastal regions of Louisiana. The suggestion of a link between these phenomena has often been made, but little systematic research has been conducted to determine if there is indeed a crime-oil development nexus. Limited previous research has focused primarily on the issue of “boom and bust” cycles on some forms of deviant behavior, but the data and the methods used were inadequate, and thus, the resulting conclusions were often misleading or possibly erroneous. During the course of this project, …

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Historical Fire Regimes In Southeasern Pine Savannas, Jean Marie Huffman Jan 2006

Historical Fire Regimes In Southeasern Pine Savannas, Jean Marie Huffman

LSU Doctoral Dissertations

Southeastern coastal plain pine savannas lack direct evidence of past fire regimes. As a result, uncertainty exists regarding the range of variation in frequency and seasonal timing of past fire regimes and the relative importance of anthropogenic and lightning-ignited fires. Characterization of past fire regimes is needed for effective restoration and management of these high-biodiversity ecosystems. I used dendrochronologically dated fire scars from stumps of old growth longleaf pines in a large coastal, mainland pine savanna and from dead slash pines on a small, coastal barrier island in north Florida to explore past fire regimes. In the mainland savanna, 71 …

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The Epidemiology Of West Nile Virus In Louisiana, Karen Ruth Gruszynski Jan 2006

The Epidemiology Of West Nile Virus In Louisiana, Karen Ruth Gruszynski

LSU Doctoral Dissertations

West Nile virus (WNV), a member of the genus Flavivirus transmitted by mosquitoes, first appeared in the New York in 1999. Within five years WNV was detected throughout the contiguous 48 states causing disease in reservoirs and accidental hosts alike. In Louisiana, WNV was first detected in 2001 with one human case, ten equine cases, and six dead birds reported. The introduction of WNV into Louisiana presented an unique opportunity to observe an emerging disease unfold, so a study was launched to gain insight into the epidemiology of WNV in Louisiana. The first component, an environmental predictive model for West …

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The Regulation Of Genes Involved In Trichome Development, Matthew Lloyd Brown Jan 2006

The Regulation Of Genes Involved In Trichome Development, Matthew Lloyd Brown

LSU Doctoral Dissertations

Arabidopsis thaliana is an organism that can be used as a model for most of the processes that occur in flowering plants. The leaf hairs, or trichomes, of Arabidopsis thaliana are macroscopic single cells that have been used as a model system for cell fate determination, cell expansion, cell cycle regulation, cell wall deposition, as well as other processes. Initiation of the trichome cell fate is controlled by a complex of genes including GLABRA1 (GL1), TRANSPARENT TESTA GLABRA (TTG), and GLABRA3 (GL3). This work examines the role of GL3 in trichome initiation and uses plants expressing varying levels of GL3 …

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Modeling The Effects Of Endocrine Disrupting Chemicals On Atlantic Croaker: Understanding Biomarkers And Predicting Population Responses, Cheryl Anne Murphy Jan 2006

Modeling The Effects Of Endocrine Disrupting Chemicals On Atlantic Croaker: Understanding Biomarkers And Predicting Population Responses, Cheryl Anne Murphy

LSU Doctoral Dissertations

A number of environmental stressors have been shown to interfere with reproductive and behavioral processes of fish by interfering with endocrine function. Most biomarkers of endocrine disturbance tend to be static measurements from dynamic systems making them difficult to evaluate within the context of an individual, or subtle effects that do not relate well to endpoints of ecological significance. I present an approach that uses a series of models, based on Atlantic croaker, to extrapolate laboratory results to indicators of individual and population health. First, I created a physiologically based model that simulates vitellogenesis in a female fish. The model …

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Environmental Variability In The Florida Keys: Impacts On Coral Reef Health, Inia M. Soto Jan 2006

Environmental Variability In The Florida Keys: Impacts On Coral Reef Health, Inia M. Soto

USF Tampa Graduate Theses and Dissertations

I examined the hypothesis that high variability in Sea Surface Temperature (SST) and ocean color are associated with higher coral cover and slower rates of decline of coral cover within the Florida Keys National Marine Sanctuary (FKNMS). Synoptic SST time series maps, covering the period 1994-2005, were constructed for the FKNMS with data collected using the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) Advanced Very High Resolution Radiometer (AVHRR) satellite sensors. The SST data were compared with coral cover time series assessments at 36 sites conducted by the Coral Reef and Evaluation Monitoring Program (CREMP; 1996-2005), sponsored by the Environmental Protection …

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Freshwater Mussel Communities Of The Florida Parishes, Louisiana: The Importance Of Spatial Scale, Anne Raynie Bambarger Jan 2006

Freshwater Mussel Communities Of The Florida Parishes, Louisiana: The Importance Of Spatial Scale, Anne Raynie Bambarger

LSU Master's Theses

The Southeastern United States has the most diverse and imperiled freshwater mussel (Unionidae) fauna in the world. The community structure and decline of these organisms is the result of complex interactions between biotic and abiotic factors, but the limited spatial scale of most community studies has failed to elucidate the underlying mechanisms shaping community structure. Basing community assessments solely on microhabitat variables alone has lead to stark contradictions in management recommendations and opposing definitions of habitat requirements for these organisms. However, with the introduction of GIS technology into aquatic management, it is now feasible to include variables from larger spatial …

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Determining Carbon And Nitrogen Stable Isotope Discrimination For Marine Consumers, Emily N. Gates Jan 2006

Determining Carbon And Nitrogen Stable Isotope Discrimination For Marine Consumers, Emily N. Gates

Theses : Honours

The application of stable isotope ratios to food web studies is increasing, and the use of generalised discrimination values (0.4±1.4%0 for δ13C and 3.4±1.1%0 for δ15N), which are being widely applied to many studies, may not be valid. The broad objective of this study was to evaluate the assumption that these discrimination values are applicable to a range of benthic marine consumers, and therefore appropriate to be used in trophic analyses using carbon (C) and nitrogen (N) stable isotopes in marine food webs. The first aim was to determine if there were differences in …

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