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Full-Text Articles in Entire DC Network
The Impact Of High Density Lipoprotein Cholesterol On Five-Year Mortality In Older Adults, Lisa Millman
The Impact Of High Density Lipoprotein Cholesterol On Five-Year Mortality In Older Adults, Lisa Millman
Yale Medicine Thesis Digital Library
The National Cholesterol Education Program (NCEP) Expert Panel on Detection, Evaluation, and Treatment of High Blood Cholesterol in Adults (ATP III) guidelines have defined a high density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) of <50 mg/dL in women and <40 mg/dL in men as a risk factor for cardiovascular disease. Our research aim was to examine the relationship between untreated HDL-C levels below this recommended level on five year cardiovascular, stroke, and all-cause mortality in adults over 71 years of age. The Established Populations for Epidemiologic Studies of the Elderly (EPESE) is a prospective cohort study of community dwelling adults over 65 years of age in East Boston, MA; Iowa and Washington Counties, IA; New Haven, CT; and Durham, NC. The National Institutes of Aging (NIA) started EPESE to study health, social, psychological, and economic aspects of older adults lives through extensive annual interviews. The EPESE dataset is further enriched by serum measures including low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), HDL-C, total cholesterol, triglycerides, glucose, BUN and creatinine, which were obtained at the sixth annual follow-up interview. Our primary outcome was all-cause mortality with secondary mortality outcomes of acute myocardial infarction (AMI), coronary artery disease (CAD) not AMI, and congestive heart failure (CHF). The mean age of our cohort was 78.7 years with the majority being female (63.86%), white (88.15%), and married (52.80%). Just over half (52.07%) of our cohort met the criteria for low HDL-C as defined by ATP III. Chi square and Fisher exact test were used to compare demographics (age, gender, race, marital status, education), clinical variables (history of MI, cancer, diabetes, angina, smoking, alcohol use), and functional variables (activities of daily living, gross mobility, cognitive status) at baseline and five year follow-up. Cox proportional hazard models were created using a step-wise approach to assess the impact of low HDL-C on mortality. Low HDL-C was not significantly associated with crude all-cause (P= .413), AMI (P= .473), CHF (P= .259), and stroke (P= .345) mortality. HDL-C was significantly associated with unadjusted CAD (P= .033) mortality. However, after adjustment for demographics, clinical, and functional variables as well as the other blood values all outlined above, HDL-C was not associated with five year all-cause, AMI, CAD, CHF or stroke mortality with adjusted hazard ratios of (HR=1.03, 95% CI 0.90-1.18), (HR=1.09, 95% CI 0.70-1.71), (HR=1.33, 95% CI 0.91-1.92), (HR=1.07, 95% CI 0.63-1.81) and (HR=0.80, 95% CI 0.51-1.27) respectively. In older community dwelling adults enrolled in EPESE, low HDL-C levels as stratified by current recommended guidelines (<50 mg/dL in women and <40 mg/dL in men) were not associated with increased risk of five-year cardiovascular, stroke or all-cause mortality. HDL-C alone may have minimal effect on future longevity in older adults due to competing risk and co-morbid conditions. Further studies are required to determine whether the movement toward more aggressive lipid profile interventions specifically to raise HDL-C in older adults would prove beneficial in this growing segment of our population.
The Physiological Effects Of Hockey Protective Equipment On High Intensity Intermittent Exercise, Benjamin Noonan
The Physiological Effects Of Hockey Protective Equipment On High Intensity Intermittent Exercise, Benjamin Noonan
Yale Medicine Thesis Digital Library
Ice hockey is a contact sport played in a cold environment which leads to assumptions that players are not exposed to a thermal challenge. The purpose of this study was to test the hypothesis that the wearing of hockey protective equipment during an exercise protocol designed to simulate a hockey game would induce a thermal challenge and lead to decrements in performance. In order to test this hypothesis and qualify the physiological responses, subjects performed a standardized protocol performed on a stationary cycle ergometer in an environmental chamber set at typical (12ºC) ice hockey ambient conditions. The simulation was performed …
Effect Of Counterface Roughness On The Cross-Path Wear Of Ultra-High Molecular Weight Polyethylene, Mary Turell
Effect Of Counterface Roughness On The Cross-Path Wear Of Ultra-High Molecular Weight Polyethylene, Mary Turell
Yale Medicine Thesis Digital Library
Ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene (UHMWPE) is used worldwide as a bearing material in total joint replacement prostheses. Despite its excellent biocompatibility and high wear resistance, wear of UHMWPE components continues to be a major problem limiting the clinical lifespan of UHMWPE-containing orthopaedic implant devices. Multi-directional motion or cross-path motion is known to affect wear rates of UHMWPE in total knee and hip replacement prostheses. The purpose of this study was to quantify the effect of counterface roughness on the cross-path wear of UHMWPE and to determine if the previously established unified theory of wear model could accurately predict wear rates …
Multiple Laser Photocoagulation Treatments For The Management Of Diabetic Macular Edema, Sadhna Vora
Multiple Laser Photocoagulation Treatments For The Management Of Diabetic Macular Edema, Sadhna Vora
Yale Medicine Thesis Digital Library
The purpose of this study was to evaluate functional and funduscopic outcomes amongst patients receiving multiple treatments with macular laser photocoagulation for clinically significant diabetic macular edema. A record review was conducted of patients who had multiple macular laser treatments for diabetic macular edema. As part of routine follow-up for diabetic macular edema, visual acuity and funduscopic findings were assessed before a given laser treatment and at 6 months afterwards. The study included 64 eyes from 41 patients. There was no statistically significant difference between the proportion of eyes that showed funduscopic improvement after treatment 1 versus the proportion of …
The Effects Of Posttraumatic Stress Disorder On Pregnancy Outcomes, Shari Rogal
The Effects Of Posttraumatic Stress Disorder On Pregnancy Outcomes, Shari Rogal
Yale Medicine Thesis Digital Library
The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD), diagnosed prospectively during pregnancy, on the occurrence of low birthweight (<2500 grams) and preterm delivery (<37 weeks gestational age). A cohort of 1362 women was recruited from prenatal care visits and screened for depression, panic disorder, posttraumatic stress disorder, and substance use. Current episodes of PTSD were assessed using the MINI International Neuropsychiatric Interview. Pregnancy outcomes were abstracted from hospital records after delivery, and the data were analyzed using logistic regression. Two hundred sixty two women (33%) were lost to follow-up due to unavailable medical records, leaving 1100 women in the final analyses. Among these 1100 women, 31 (3%) were found to have PTSD during pregnancy. Substance use in pregnancy, panic disorder, major and minor depressive disorders, and prior preterm delivery were significantly associated with PTSD in the sample, while age, language spoken, and race were not. Low birthweight (LBW) was present in 6.5% of sampled women and was not significantly associated with a diagnosis of PTSD in pregnancy when adjusting for potential confounders. However, LBW was significantly associated with minor depressive disorder OR= 1.82 (CI=1.01, 3.29). Preterm delivery occurred in 7.0% of those without and 16.1% of those with PTSD (p=0.055). Because prior preterm delivery data were not available for 33% of women with PTSD, this variable was included only in secondary analyses. However, the association between PTSD and preterm delivery depended on this variable, with OR= 2.82 (0.95, 8.38) before controlling for prior preterm delivery and OR=3.35 (1.04, 10.85) after controlling for prior preterm delivery. These data suggest that a possible association of PTSD and preterm delivery was limited by the low rates of PTSD in this cohort and the inability to control for all confounders. Taken together, these findings provide limited support for the hypothesized association between PTSD and preterm delivery and no support for an association of PTSD with LBW.
The Effects Of Menstrual Phase On The Response Of Cutaneous Microvasculature, Margaret Rose
The Effects Of Menstrual Phase On The Response Of Cutaneous Microvasculature, Margaret Rose
Yale Medicine Thesis Digital Library
Estrogen is well-known to be protective against cardiovascular disease in women. In addition to improving lipid metabolism, it also decreases vascular resistance and enhances vascular reflexes, thereby improving vasomotor stability and increasing the arterial capacity for dilatation. Laser Doppler flowmetry (LDF) has demonstrated these changes in research trials, and is emerging as having potential application in many clinical and surgical situations. In this study, our aim was to examine the impact of estrogen upon baseline blood flow as well as the response to vasodilatory interventions and to further evaluate the utility of laser Doppler as a clinical non-invasive measurement of …
Mother Knows Best: Maternal Experience And Choice Of Infant Sleep Position, Meghan Lane
Mother Knows Best: Maternal Experience And Choice Of Infant Sleep Position, Meghan Lane
Yale Medicine Thesis Digital Library
Purpose: The purpose of this project was to examine the associations between maternal child-rearing experience, choice of infant sleeping position, and the source, nature and trust of advice received about infant sleeping position in a high-risk, primarily African-American population. Background: The number of deaths attributed to Sudden Infant Death Syndrome (SIDS) has decreased since the initiation of the Back to Sleep campaign in 1994. Although this change has benefited all ethnic groups, African-American infants are still twice as likely to succumb to SIDS as Caucasian infants. Design/Methods: We conducted 668 face-to-face standardized interviews with mothers of infants in Connecticut, Georgia …
Cellular Oxidative Efficiency: A New Approach To Calculating Theoretical P/O Ratios, Douglas Walled
Cellular Oxidative Efficiency: A New Approach To Calculating Theoretical P/O Ratios, Douglas Walled
Yale Medicine Thesis Digital Library
For decades the oxidative efficiency of cellular metabolism has been under investigation. After numerous reports of varied stoichiometric measurements, consensus in the literature has begun moving toward two currently accepted theoretical P/O ratios (the number of adenosine triphosphate (ATP) molecules formed for every oxygen atom consumed): 2.5 for NADH-linked substrates and 1.5 for FADH2-linked substrates. It is shown here, however, that the currently accepted theoretical values are inappropriately calculated underestimates, and that P/O ratios of real biochemical systems are variable. The complete oxidative metabolism of glucose, beta-hydroxybutyrate, malate, pyruvate, and succinate, utilizing three different electron shuttles (or exclusive mitochondrial metabolism) …
Upregulation Of Hypoxia-Inducible Genes In Endothelial Cells To Create Artificial Vasculature, Robert Schonberger
Upregulation Of Hypoxia-Inducible Genes In Endothelial Cells To Create Artificial Vasculature, Robert Schonberger
Yale Medicine Thesis Digital Library
This study explored the possibility that upregulation of Hypoxia Inducible Factor-1 (Hif-1)-responsive genes in Human Umbilical Vein Endothelial Cells (HUVEC) would promote and stabilize HUVEC formation into inchoate vascular beds within artificial collagen gels. This experiment was designed to explore the above possibility by sub-cloning Hif-1α, the related chimeric construct Hif-1α/VP16, and the marker gene dsRed into retroviral expression vectors, producing retroviral vectors containing these genes, and stably transducing HUVEC using these retroviruses. Transduced HUVEC were to be observed in cell culture as well as after implantation into artificial collagen gels that have previously supported vascular bed formation by HUVEC. …
Challenges And Changes Faced By Rural Superintendents, Marcia L. Lamkin
Challenges And Changes Faced By Rural Superintendents, Marcia L. Lamkin
The Rural Educator
This research study was designed to build grounded theory about the challenges faced by rural superintendents. Participating rural superintendents identified five areas that presented a challenge but that also applied to superintendents in other settings: school law, finance, personnel, government mandates, and district or board policies. Further, these superintendents identified challenges related specifically to the rural setting and to their lack of acculturation to the demands of rural school leadership. Focus group research conducted among rural superintendents in New York, Pennsylvania, and Tennessee indicated that the challenges of the rural superintendency were distinct enough to warrant some specialized preparation for …
The Narrative Of Lieutenant Colonel L.R. Stacy, C.B., Bengal Native Infantry, Whilst In The Brahooe Camp, Inducing The Submission Of Nasseer Khan, Only Son Of The Late Meer Meerab Khan, Khan Of Khelat; And In The Subsequent Operations Of General Nott's Army In Its March To And Its Return From Kabul. (1884) , Lewis Robert Stacy
Digitized Afghanistan Materials in English from the Arthur Paul Afghanistan Collection
19th century history of Afghanistan and the relationship between Afghanistan and Britain.
Hamiltonicity And Colorings Of Arrangement Graphs, Stefan Felsner, Ferran Hurtado, Marc Noy, Ileana Streinu
Hamiltonicity And Colorings Of Arrangement Graphs, Stefan Felsner, Ferran Hurtado, Marc Noy, Ileana Streinu
Computer Science: Faculty Publications
We study connectivity, Hamilton path and Hamilton cycle decomposition, 4-edge and 3-vertex coloring for geometric graphs arising from pseudoline (affine or projective) and pseudocircle (spherical) arrangements. While arrangements as geometric objects are well studied in discrete and computational geometry, their graph theoretical properties seem to have received little attention so far. In this paper we show that they provide well-structured examples of families of planar and projective-planar graphs with very interesting properties. Most prominently, spherical arrangements admit decompositions into two Hamilton cycles; this is a new addition to the relatively few families of 4-regular graphs that are known to have …
November 29th 2006, Hispanic News
Large, Single Institution Review Of Prognostic Factors In Oligodendroglioma, Heather Mckee
Large, Single Institution Review Of Prognostic Factors In Oligodendroglioma, Heather Mckee
Yale Medicine Thesis Digital Library
Studies have demonstrated an association between loss of heterozygosity on chromosome 1p and chromosome 19q in oligodendrogliomas with both chemosensitivity and prolonged survival. This represents the first time genetic mutations have been utilized to guide clinical decision making. Studies have also found these genetic mutations to be associated with magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) features including indistinct tumor borders on T1-weighted imaging, susceptibility effect, and mixed signal intensity. However, no study has yet demonstrated an association between imaging features and survival. We seek to confirm the clinical utility of known prognostic factors such as age and tumor grade while investigating the …
Mega-Doses Of L-Ascorbic Acid Alter The Antineoplastic Effects Of Ionizing Radiation In Emt6 Cells In Vitro, Karina Lund
Mega-Doses Of L-Ascorbic Acid Alter The Antineoplastic Effects Of Ionizing Radiation In Emt6 Cells In Vitro, Karina Lund
Yale Medicine Thesis Digital Library
Despite the common usage of high-dose vitamin C among breast cancer patients, the published medical literature is not in agreement as to how mega-dose vitamin C may interact with conventional therapy to affect clinical outcomes. The purpose of this study was to investigate the interaction of mega-dose vitamin C with radiation therapy and with doxorubicin in the treatment of breast cancer. Cultures of EMT6 mouse mammary tumor cells were treated concurrently with varying dose of vitamin C and either radiation or doxorubicin. A clonogenic assay was then performed to determine the surviving fraction of the cells. The surviving fractions of …
Small Interfering Rna Decreases Vegf Mrna Expression And Proliferation Of Colorectal Cancer Cells, Stephen Ward
Small Interfering Rna Decreases Vegf Mrna Expression And Proliferation Of Colorectal Cancer Cells, Stephen Ward
Yale Medicine Thesis Digital Library
Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF-A) was first described in 1989 for its angiogenic and mitogenic properties. Early studies indicated that VEGF-A acts primarily in a paracrine pathway which is limited to vascular endothelium. Further investigation showed that VEGF-A and VEGF receptor-2 (VEGFR-2) are expressed by many solid tumors and improve cell growth and survival. Therefore, VEGF-A may act via an autocrine pathway that effects tumor cellular proliferation by binding VEGFR-2 at the cell surface. This study utilizes small interfering RNA (siRNA) technology to investigate the presence of an autocrine loop in human RKO colorectal cancer cells. RT-PCR demonstrated the expression …
The Effect Of General Anesthesia On Acupuncture: A Functional Mri Study, Dana Weiss
The Effect Of General Anesthesia On Acupuncture: A Functional Mri Study, Dana Weiss
Yale Medicine Thesis Digital Library
We performed a study to examine brain activity as assessed by functional-MRI when acupuncture is administered to awake volunteers as compared to acupuncture administered to volunteers under general anesthesia. Healthy, acupuncture-naive volunteers were recruited for this cross-over study. Volunteers underwent two experimental sessions that included a sequence of 4-20 seconds of on and off manual acupuncture stimulation for a period of 3 minutes while awake and while under propofol general anesthesia. The acupuncture intervention was performed at left stomach 36. General anesthesia was induced and maintained with propofol. BOLD signal images were obtained in a 1.5 T MRI scanner in …
The Lumberjack, November 15, 2006
The Lumberjack, November 15, 2006
Cal Poly Humboldt's Student Newspaper
The student newspaper of Humboldt State University.
Panther- November 2006 - Vol. Lxxxv No. 11, Prairie View A&M University
Panther- November 2006 - Vol. Lxxxv No. 11, Prairie View A&M University
PV Panther Newspapers
No abstract provided.
Ke Alakai, Vol. 76, No. 12 (2006-11-15), Brigham Young University Hawaii
Ke Alakai, Vol. 76, No. 12 (2006-11-15), Brigham Young University Hawaii
Ke Alaka'i
No abstract provided.
The Hilltop 11-15-2006, Hilltop Staff
Gmeiner, Jayne Interview For The Miami Valley College Of Nursing And Health Oral History Project, Carol Holdcraft, Jayne Gmeiner
Gmeiner, Jayne Interview For The Miami Valley College Of Nursing And Health Oral History Project, Carol Holdcraft, Jayne Gmeiner
Wright State University - Miami Valley College of Nursing and Health Oral History Project
Carol Holdcraft interviewed Jayne Gmeiner on November 15, 2006 about the founding of the Wright State University College of Nursing and Health. In the interview, Gmeiner discusses her career and her decision to come to Wright State as a student with the College of Nursing and Health.
Daily Eastern News: November 15, 2006, Eastern Illinois University
Daily Eastern News: November 15, 2006, Eastern Illinois University
November
No abstract provided.
Intracranial Aneurysm As A Paradigm For The Genetic Analysis Of Complex Human Traits, Ali Ozturk
Intracranial Aneurysm As A Paradigm For The Genetic Analysis Of Complex Human Traits, Ali Ozturk
Yale Medicine Thesis Digital Library
The genetic analysis of complex human traits is hampered by its multifactorial nature, since potentially many genes are imparting a relatively small effect on the disease trait. This makes it considerably more difficult to identify these genes as compared to single-gene diseases, whereby the disease trait is attributable to only one locus, due mostly to the difficulties of carrying out robust linkage analyses. Several strategies have been employed in order to overcome the obstacles of complex human traits, including the candidate gene, non-parametric, and parametric linkage approaches. Of these, the latter two enjoy the benefit of being genome-wide, while carrying …
Not A Tiger But A Dagger: The Larva Of Comachara Cadburyi And Reassignment Of The Genus To Acronictinae (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae), David Wagner, Eric W. Hossler, Fred E. Hossler
Not A Tiger But A Dagger: The Larva Of Comachara Cadburyi And Reassignment Of The Genus To Acronictinae (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae), David Wagner, Eric W. Hossler, Fred E. Hossler
ETSU Faculty Works
Comachara cadburyi Franclemont has benn classified as a sarrothripine (Noctuidae), lithosiine (Arctiidae), and afridine (Nolidae). Larval morphology and behavior indicate a close phylogenetic relationship with Polygrammate hebraeicum Hübner, an acronictine noctuid. The egg and larva of Comachara are described and illustrated with line drawings and scanning electron micrographs. Photographs of last instars of both Comachara and Polygrammate are provided. Larval feeding and pupation habits of C. cadburyi are briefly described and compared with those of Polygrammate. Larvae of both Polygrammate and Comachara exhibit a dramatic coloration change in the last instar, transitioning from a green phase to a mottled, steely …
Éclairs To Derriéres, Elizabeth Gallu
The Cousin Couple, Richard Fellinger
Dual Enrollment: Measuring Factors For Rural High School Student Participation, Todd E. Johnson, Michael Brophy
Dual Enrollment: Measuring Factors For Rural High School Student Participation, Todd E. Johnson, Michael Brophy
The Rural Educator
The purpose of this study was to explore the reasons 162 rural area high school students participate in the dual enrollment program. Dual enrollment programs allow high school students to enroll in college courses for credit prior to high school graduation with local school districts covering the cost of tuition. Participants in this study were recruited from two rural agricultural counties from Washington State attending a local college. Exploratory factor analysis revealed that dual enrollment participation was related to academics, financial, social, and choice reasons. Results showed no significant differences between 11th and 12th grade participants regarding financial and choice …
Identification Of Micrornas And Other Small Rnas From The Adult Newt Eye, Evgeny Makarev, Jason R. Spence, Katia Del Rio-Tsonis, Panagiotis A. Tsonis
Identification Of Micrornas And Other Small Rnas From The Adult Newt Eye, Evgeny Makarev, Jason R. Spence, Katia Del Rio-Tsonis, Panagiotis A. Tsonis
Biology Faculty Publications
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are capable of controlling gene expression by targeting complimentary sequences in many mRNAs. Thus, a small number of miRNAs are capable of regulating expression of many different genes. miRNAs have been found in all animals from Drosophila to human and they are highly conserved. This work was undertaken in order to identify such RNAs in the newt eye.