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2005

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Robert M. Ward Photograph Collection - Accession 502, Robert Miller Ward Jan 2005

Robert M. Ward Photograph Collection - Accession 502, Robert Miller Ward

Manuscript Collection

The Robert M. Ward Photograph Collection consists of approximately 400 prints and 900 negatives from the photographs that he took in the 1940s, 1950s, and 1960s. Most of the events and individuals pictured are from the York County, SC area and include the Latta House in York, South Carolina, downtown Rock Hill, parades, baseball, military, aviation, sports, and other York County buildings and scenes. Also included are photographs of Landsford Canal State Park, York Technical College, Winthrop University, Catawba Indian chieftain King Haigler’s memorial, Andrew Jackson State Park, Kings Mountain State Park, Hall of Fame Golfer Sam Snead's visit to …

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Encyclopedia Of Genocide And Crimes Against Humanity, Dinah L. Shelton Jan 2005

Encyclopedia Of Genocide And Crimes Against Humanity, Dinah L. Shelton

GW Law Faculty Publications & Other Works

This three-volume encyclopedia contains information and photographs about historical and recent instances of genocide and crimes against humanity. The introduction provides a brief history of recognition and definitions of genocide and related war crimes. The volumes focus on the political leaders in charge of the genocides and war crimes in addition to other facts about the crimes themselves.

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Remedies In International Human Rights Law (Chapter One), Dinah L. Shelton Jan 2005

Remedies In International Human Rights Law (Chapter One), Dinah L. Shelton

GW Law Faculty Publications & Other Works

This book discusses the various approaches to and types of remedies available for violations of international human rights law. The first point is that remedies have both a procedural and substantive component. Procedural remedies means that there is an opportunity to be heard, while the substantive facet refers to the “relief afforded the successful claimant.” The first chapter of the book notes that preliminary requirements are availability of the justice system and discusses the purposes of remedies, including compensating the victim, deterring future crimes, condemnation, retribution, and restorative justice (which aims to find options other than punishment and focusing more …

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Accountability Of Nongovernmental Organizations (Ngos) In Global Governance, Steve Charnovitz Jan 2005

Accountability Of Nongovernmental Organizations (Ngos) In Global Governance, Steve Charnovitz

GW Law Faculty Publications & Other Works

The issue of the accountability on nongovernmental organizations (NGOs) in global governance has received increased attention in recent years. The purpose of this paper is to analyze the issue, to consider whether any public problems exist, and to make recommendations on what should be done. The paper contains three parts. Part I examines the historical context of NGO accountability starting with the Papal Encylical Rerum Novarum of 1891 and considering episodes relating to the League of Nations and the founding of the United Nations. Part II provides an overview of the contemporary debate on NGO accountability and uses a recent …

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International Standards And The Wto, Steve Charnovitz Jan 2005

International Standards And The Wto, Steve Charnovitz

GW Law Faculty Publications & Other Works

This study provides an overview of how the World Trade Organization rules relate to international standards, that is, standards propounded by some international entity. The topic of standards is a cross-cutting issue in the WTO because rules regarding international standards appear in several of the covered WTO agreements. The paper contains several parts. Part I of the paper explores the meaning of the term international standard and adopts a broad definition for analytical purposes. Part II introduces a typology for international standards. Part III discusses why international standards are important to economic development. Part IV examines some of the key …

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The New York Bar And Reform Of The Elected Judiciary After The Civil War, Renée Lettow Lerner Jan 2005

The New York Bar And Reform Of The Elected Judiciary After The Civil War, Renée Lettow Lerner

GW Law Faculty Publications & Other Works

This paper deals with the history of America's other peculiar institution: the elected judiciary. Elected judges are found virtually nowhere else in the world, but in America they are a fact of life in the considerable majority of states. The history of the elected judiciary is surprisingly little explored. This paper examines the post-Civil War trend away from Jacksonian populism and toward a more aristocratic view of the judiciary as a body set apart from the people. After the Civil War, many states, including New York, lengthened terms of office for their elected judges; some states even switched back to …

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Educating Lawyers For The Future Legal Profession, Thomas D. Morgan Jan 2005

Educating Lawyers For The Future Legal Profession, Thomas D. Morgan

GW Law Faculty Publications & Other Works

What today's law students do as lawyers will be profoundly affected by changes their clients experience. Clients are likely to face more global competition than earlier generations could imagine, and they are likely to value lawyers who understand the non-legal aspects of their problems. Tomorrow's lawyers are likely to have to be more specialized than their predecessors, and many will deliver services that are less personal, more commodity-like, and less financially rewarding. Legal education, in turn, faces challenges producing lawyers capable of functioning in that world. Future lawyers will have to be simultaneously more specialized and more capable of responding …

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Realizing The Promise Of Restructuring The Electricity Market, Richard J. Pierce Jr Jan 2005

Realizing The Promise Of Restructuring The Electricity Market, Richard J. Pierce Jr

GW Law Faculty Publications & Other Works

In this contribution to a symposium on restructuring the U.S. electricity market, I summarize the peaks and valleys that have characterized the restructuring process over the past two decades. I begin by describing the reasons why I joined with a group of other academics twenty years ago in an effort to restructure the U.S electricity market. The market was characterized by large, well-documented structural and operational maladies; it had performed poorly for over a decade; its basic characteristics were consistent with increased reliance on market forces as an effective governance mechanism; and, our recent success in restructuring analogous markets provided …

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Democratizing The Administrative State, Richard J. Pierce Jr Jan 2005

Democratizing The Administrative State, Richard J. Pierce Jr

GW Law Faculty Publications & Other Works

Scholars have long questioned the political and constitutional legitimacy of the administrative state. By 1980, a majority of Justices seemed to be poised to hold that large portions of the administrative state are unconstitutional. In 1984, the Court stepped back from that abyss and took a major step toward legitimating and democratizing the administrative state. The Court instructed lower courts to defer to any reasonable agency interpretation of an ambiguous agency-administered statute. The Court based this doctrine of deference on the superior political accountability of agencies. Henceforth, politically-unaccountable judges were prohibited from substituting their policy preferences for those of politically-accountable …

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The Federal Marriage Amendment: To Protect The Sanctity Of Marriage Or Destroy Constitutional Democracy?, Joan Schaffner Jan 2005

The Federal Marriage Amendment: To Protect The Sanctity Of Marriage Or Destroy Constitutional Democracy?, Joan Schaffner

GW Law Faculty Publications & Other Works

For the several years, primarily as a political ploy, the President and Republican Congress, proposed an amendment to the US Constitution to prohibit marriage between people of the same sex - the Federal Marriage Amendment. This article analyzed this proposed amendment in light of the constitutional principles that govern our society, individual rights, federalism, separation of powers, and judicial review. The article concludes that the FMA is itself constitutionally suspect and is more destructive, on balance, of the basic democratic constitutional principles than any amendment previously adopted or proposed. The amendment violates every tenet of constitutional democracy by: (1) expressly …

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Sex Discrimination In The Nineties, Seventies Style: Case Studies In The Preservation Of Male Workplace Norms, Michael Selmi Jan 2005

Sex Discrimination In The Nineties, Seventies Style: Case Studies In The Preservation Of Male Workplace Norms, Michael Selmi

GW Law Faculty Publications & Other Works

The prevailing sentiment today is that overt intentional sex discrimination in the workplace has receded substantially and has been replaced by more complicated practices of subtle or structural discrimination often tied to women's family commitments. This article challenges that consensus by exploring the rise of class action sex discrimination cases that have uncovered what ought to be defined as overt intentional discrimination with a design to preserve existing male norms in the workplace. The article analyzes cases that have arisen in the securities and grocery industries, as well as a spate of class action sexual harassment cases, all of which …

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A Model Regime Of Privacy Protection (Version 1.1), Daniel J. Solove, Chris Jay Hoofnagle Jan 2005

A Model Regime Of Privacy Protection (Version 1.1), Daniel J. Solove, Chris Jay Hoofnagle

GW Law Faculty Publications & Other Works

Privacy protection in the United States has often been criticized, but critics have too infrequently suggested specific proposals for reform. Recently, there has been significant legislative interest at both the federal and state levels in addressing the privacy of personal information. This was sparked when ChoicePoint, one of the largest data brokers in the United States with records on almost every adult American citizen, sold data on about 145,000 people to fraudulent businesses set up by identity thieves.

In the aftermath of the ChoicePoint debacle, both of us have been asked by Congressional legislative staffers, state legislative policymakers, journalists, academics, …

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Melville's Billy Budd And Security In Times Of Crisis, Daniel J. Solove Jan 2005

Melville's Billy Budd And Security In Times Of Crisis, Daniel J. Solove

GW Law Faculty Publications & Other Works

During times of crisis, our leaders have made profound sacrifices in the name of security, ones that we later realized need not have been made. Examples include the Palmer Raids, the McCarthy Era anti-Communist movement, and the Japanese-American Internment. After September 11th, this tragic history repeated itself. The Bush Administration has curtailed civil liberties in many ways, including detaining people indefinitely without hearings or counsel. These events give Herman Melville's "Billy Budd" renewed relevance to our times. "Billy Budd" is a moving depiction of a profound sacrifice made in the name of security. This essay diverges from conventional readings that …

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Hotels: Differentiating With Design, Madeleine E. Pullman, Stephani Robson Jan 2005

Hotels: Differentiating With Design, Madeleine E. Pullman, Stephani Robson

Business Faculty Publications and Presentations

It wasn't that long ago that most people would describe a hotel by talking about its location, or the level of service they received during their last visit, or the nice views of the beach or mountains from their room. But in recent years, the design of the hotel itself has been gaining a great deal of attention both from customers and from the press. More and more hotels use design and style as a way of differentiating themselves from other properties or brands, and as a way of attracting an affluent and socially active clientele. This makes sense; hotels …

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Acceleration Management: The Semiconductor Industry Confronts The 21st Century, Melissa M. Appleyard, C. N. Berglund, Craig Peterson, Richard W. Smith Jan 2005

Acceleration Management: The Semiconductor Industry Confronts The 21st Century, Melissa M. Appleyard, C. N. Berglund, Craig Peterson, Richard W. Smith

Business Faculty Publications and Presentations

In the recent generations of semiconductor devices, the semiconductor industry has been accelerating towards the limits of the physical sciences. As a consequence, technology managers in that industry face seven major challenges, which will threaten progress: process, complexity, performance, power, density, productivity, and quality / reliability. We believe that confronting these challenges requires a new approach to technology management both within organizations and between organizations that form the backbone of the industry. We call this new approach Acceleration Management. Acceleration Management first requires that firms cultivate deep technical knowledge and inspire creative solutions to seemingly insoluble technical problems. The second …

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Identifying And Managing University Assets: A Campus Study Of Portland State University, John Rueter, Talya N. Bauer Jan 2005

Identifying And Managing University Assets: A Campus Study Of Portland State University, John Rueter, Talya N. Bauer

Business Faculty Publications and Presentations

Between 1994 and 1996, Portland State University (PSU) expanded the definition of scholarship used to assess and reward faculty. Three conditions facilitated this change. The first related to PSU's urban history, culture and values. This context allowed faculty to approach their teaching, learning, and community engagement in scholarly ways. The second condition involved external forces, which challenged PSU faculty to identify and use their intangible assets in the scholarship of teaching, integration, and application. The third condition was, and continues to be, university leadership. Leadership at PSU encourages the faculty to engage in institutional reflection and strategic planning from a …

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If Seeing Could Satisfy, Ewing Campbell Jan 2005

If Seeing Could Satisfy, Ewing Campbell

Short Story

No abstract provided.

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Short Story, Volume 13, Number 2, Fall 2005 [Download Entire Issue] Jan 2005

Short Story, Volume 13, Number 2, Fall 2005 [Download Entire Issue]

Short Story

No abstract provided.

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A Thematic Approach To Vietnamese-American Short Story Written In English, Quan Manh Ha Jan 2005

A Thematic Approach To Vietnamese-American Short Story Written In English, Quan Manh Ha

Short Story

No abstract provided.

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Writing A Short Science Fiction Novel For Young Adults, Cheryl Robson Jan 2005

Writing A Short Science Fiction Novel For Young Adults, Cheryl Robson

Graduate Research Papers

The purpose of this project is to write a dystopian science fiction short novel for young adults, in tum raising awareness of the genre among young people, as well as causing them to consider today's technology issues from a different viewpoint. Background research commenced on characteristics, history, and readership of science fiction. The sub genre of dystopian science fiction was reviewed through the examination of scholarly research in this particular area. After additional reading of science fiction books, the first chapter of the researcher's science fiction novel was written. Next, students in three sections of high school language arts classes …

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Socioeconomic Status And Tobacco Use, Jennifer Cook Jan 2005

Socioeconomic Status And Tobacco Use, Jennifer Cook

International Journal of Global Health and Health Disparities

Cigarette smoking remains the leading cause of illness, disability and death in the United States, and more than 400,000 premature deaths occur each year in this country from tobacco-related causes (1). More than 80 percent of adult smokers first become regular smokers by the age of 18, and casual experimentation with smoking by adolescents frequently develops into regular smoking and a strong addiction. Despite the growth in anti-tobacco campaigns, research has shown that socioeconomic status (SES) is still a major determinant as to whether or not teens begin smoking (2). A recent analysis of data from the 2000 National Health …

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Bush's Gag Rule And Africa: Impact On Reproductive Health, John Kemoli Sagala Jan 2005

Bush's Gag Rule And Africa: Impact On Reproductive Health, John Kemoli Sagala

International Journal of Global Health and Health Disparities

Throughout most of the 20th century, multilateral development partnership in the area of reproductive health was one of the few success stories in public health. Globally, by 1998, 58 percent of all married women had access to modern contraceptives and other family planning services. This represented 67 percent of married women in developed countries and 54 percent in developing countries. Since taking office in 2001, President George W. Bush has sought to undo these achievements through the global gag rule. On January 20, 2001, President Bush reinstated the 1984 Reagan Mexico City Policy or global gag rule. The global gag …

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The Crime Victim's Right To Attend The Trial: The Reascendant National Consensus, Douglas Evan Beloof, Paul Cassell Jan 2005

The Crime Victim's Right To Attend The Trial: The Reascendant National Consensus, Douglas Evan Beloof, Paul Cassell

Utah Law Faculty Scholarship

This article contends that crime victims should have an unequivocal right to attend a criminal trial, even in cases where they will be called as witnesses. A victim's right to attend trial has strong historical support, as at common law victims attended trial as private prosecutors. More recently, crime victims' rights legislation passed in the majority of states recognizes the victim's right to attend. Nothing in the Constitution prevents victims from attending trial, and strong public policy reasons support such an approach. Observing the trial can have import therapeutic and other benefits for victims. Any risk of prejudice to a …

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Does Dtc Advertising Strengthen Our Healthcare System, Michael S. Lillo Jan 2005

Does Dtc Advertising Strengthen Our Healthcare System, Michael S. Lillo

Seton Hall University Dissertations and Theses (ETDs)

No abstract provided.

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Headscarf Laws In Europe: Legal Necessity Or Human Rights Violation?, Timothy P. Fox Jan 2005

Headscarf Laws In Europe: Legal Necessity Or Human Rights Violation?, Timothy P. Fox

Seton Hall University Dissertations and Theses (ETDs)

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Assessing The State Of Black America In Terms Of Black Buying Power From 1990 To Present, Samina J. Mcgill Jan 2005

Assessing The State Of Black America In Terms Of Black Buying Power From 1990 To Present, Samina J. Mcgill

Seton Hall University Dissertations and Theses (ETDs)

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Open Source Software For Commercial Off-The-Shelf Gps Receivers, Andrew Greenberg Jan 2005

Open Source Software For Commercial Off-The-Shelf Gps Receivers, Andrew Greenberg

Dissertations and Theses

Inexpensive and commercially available Global Positioning System (GPS) receivers can be used in novel applications, such as nanosatellites and unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs), by modifying the receiver's software. Unfortunately, typical GPS software development systems cost tens of thousands of dollars and have restrictive license agreements, such as non-disclosure agreements, for both their hardware and software. This thesis describes the design and construction of an open source GPS receiver development system that addresses these unnecessary restrictions. For the first time, any developer with a PC, a commercially available GPS receiver, and this development system can quickly and easily develop software for …

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“Judith” Shakespeare In Computer Programming : An Oral History Study Of American Women Programmers In The Late Twentieth Century, Laura L. Zeigen Jan 2005

“Judith” Shakespeare In Computer Programming : An Oral History Study Of American Women Programmers In The Late Twentieth Century, Laura L. Zeigen

Dissertations and Theses

The question "Why are there not more women in computer science?" is one that has been asked by both scholarly and business communities since women entered the workforce in large numbers starting in the 1970s. Although there exists a vast literature covering how to involve more girls and women in computer science today, as well as a smaller body of literature outlining the few female pioneers in the field, little has been written about the women who, despite historical exclusion, actually participated in the computing industry as programmers and software engineers beginning in the 1960s. Who were the women going …

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2005-00-00 Faculty Handbook, Morehead State University. Faculty Senate. Jan 2005

2005-00-00 Faculty Handbook, Morehead State University. Faculty Senate.

Faculty Senate Records

Faculty Handbook believed to have been revised between 2002 and 2005.

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Identifying Inaccuracies On Emergency Medicine Residency Applications., Eric D Katz, Lee Shockley, Lawrence Kass, David Howes, Janis P Tupesis, Christopher Weaver, Osman R Sayan, Victoria Hogan, Jason Begue, Diamond Vrocher, Jackie Frazer, Timothy Evans, Gene Hern, Ralph Riviello, Antonio Rivera, Keith Kinoshita, Edward Ferguson Jan 2005

Identifying Inaccuracies On Emergency Medicine Residency Applications., Eric D Katz, Lee Shockley, Lawrence Kass, David Howes, Janis P Tupesis, Christopher Weaver, Osman R Sayan, Victoria Hogan, Jason Begue, Diamond Vrocher, Jackie Frazer, Timothy Evans, Gene Hern, Ralph Riviello, Antonio Rivera, Keith Kinoshita, Edward Ferguson

Department of Emergency Medicine Faculty Papers

BACKGROUND: Previous trials have showed a 10-30% rate of inaccuracies on applications to individual residency programs. No studies have attempted to corroborate this on a national level. Attempts by residency programs to diminish the frequency of inaccuracies on applications have not been reported. We seek to clarify the national incidence of inaccuracies on applications to emergency medicine residency programs. METHODS: This is a multi-center, single-blinded, randomized, cohort study of all applicants from LCME accredited schools to involved EM residency programs. Applications were randomly selected to investigate claims of AOA election, advanced degrees and publications. Errors were reported to applicants' deans …

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