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Estimates Of Phenotypic And Genetic Parameters For Ewe Productivity Traits Of Turkish Merino (Karacabey Merino) Sheep, Bülent Eki̇z, Mustafa Özcan, Alper Yilmaz, Ayhan Ceyhan

Turkish Journal of Veterinary & Animal Sciences

The aims of the study were to investigate the fixed effects which are considered to influence ewe productivity and to estimate the genetic parameters for ewe productivity traits of Turkish Merino (Karacabey Merino) sheep. Genetic parameters were estimated by REML procedure using the DFREML program. The effects of year and age of ewe were significant for fertility, litter size at birth (LSB), litter size at weaning (LSW), litter weight at birth (LWB) and litter weight at weaning (LWW). The least squares means of fertility, LSB, LSW, LWB and LWW were 0.904, 1.422, 1.358, 6.689 kg and 41.577 kg, respectively. The …

Dicephalus, Arnold-Chiari Malformation, Spinal Dysraphism And Other Associated Anomalies In A Newborn Holstein Calf, M. Yavuz Gülbahar, Hayati̇ Yüksel, Zafer Soygüder, Ö. Faruk Erçi̇n

Turkish Journal of Veterinary & Animal Sciences

A case of dicephalus, Arnold-Chiari malformation, spinal dysraphism and other associated defects was described in a newborn Holstein calf. The heads were medially and caudally joined with temporal bones and one common flattened occipital bone respectively. Cranial cavities became narrow dorsoventrally and included elongation of the compressed brains, and caudal displacement and hypoplasia of cerebelli. In the spinal column, variable degrees of dysraphism such as cervico-thoracal diplomyelia with hydromyelia and syringomyelia, lumbar spina bifida with spinal cord agenesis in the region were observed. The calf had also arthrogryposis of hind limbs and cleft palate of both heads.

Changes In Chemical And Mineral Contents Of Awassi Ewes’ Milk During Lactation, Nuray Şahan, Di̇lek Say, Ali̇ Kaçar

Turkish Journal of Veterinary & Animal Sciences

This study aimed to determine the chemical composition and mineral contents of Awassi ewes’ milk during lactation. Morning milks of 150 Awassi ewes were taken once a week during 18 weeks of lactation. Mean values obtained from analyses of the ewes’ milk samples were 17.54% ± 1.35 for dry matter; 6.61% ± 1.33 for fat; 10.93% ± 0.44 for non-fat dry matter; 5.68% ± 0.48 for protein; 4.34% ± 0.27 for lactose and 99.05 ± 11.63 kcal/100 g for energy value; 0.149% ± 0.008 for titratable acidity; 6.72 ± 0.42 for pH; and 1.0334 ± 0.001 g/cm^3 for specific gravity. …

Some Reproductive Parameters And Biochemical Properties In Akkaraman And Awassi Rams, Mustafa Gündoğan, Mustafa Serteser

Turkish Journal of Veterinary & Animal Sciences

The objective of the present study was to describe some reproductive parameters, hormonal levels and some biochemical properties of blood serum in rams under the Afyonkarahisar province conditions. Semen (via an artificial vagina) and blood were collected five times during the breeding season from a total of 10 mature and healthy fat-tailed rams (Akkaraman and Awassi) in Afyonkarahisar. Breed effects were significant for relative testes volume, sperm concentration, percentage of abnormal spermatozoa, triiodothyronine (T_{3}), albumin/globulin ratio, total lipid (P < 0.05) and cholesterol (P < 0.01). Some reproductive parameters and biochemical properties of Akkaraman and İvesi rams indicated that the values were recorded in the optimum range during the breeding season under Afyonkarahisar conditions. In addition, some reproductive parameters of rams show a correlation with some biochemical and enzymatic properties.

Accounting Trends & Techniques: Not-For-Profit Organizations: Financial Statement Reporting And Disclosure Practices, Richard F. Larkin, Allen L. Fetterman, Lori A. West

Accounting Trends and Techniques

No abstract provided.

The Effects Of Aflatoxin And Sodium Bentonite Combined And Alone On Some Blood Electrolyte Levels In Broiler Chickens, Gökhan Eraslan, Di̇nç Eşsi̇z, Mehmet Akdoğan, Fatma Şahi̇ndokuyucu, Levent Altintaş

Turkish Journal of Veterinary & Animal Sciences

The aim of the study is to determine the effects of aflatoxin and sodium bentonite given alone and in combination on some of blood electrolyte levels in broiler chicks. For this aim, 72 male one-day-old Avian broiler chicks were used. The animals were separated into 6 groups, as one control (Group 1) and the others trial (Groups 2 to 6). While commercial feed was given to Group 1 (control), the other groups received feed containing 0.25% sodium bentonite, 0.50% sodium bentonite, 1 ppm aflatoxin (approximately, 85% B_1, 10% B_2, 3% G_1 and 2% G_2), 1 ppm aflatoxin with 0.25% sodium …

Sensible And Latent Heat Productions From Broilers In Laboratory Conditions, Levent Genç, Kenneth M. Portier

Turkish Journal of Veterinary & Animal Sciences

Heat production from chickens and other resources inside the broiler house is a major problem for the broiler industry. Temperature and relative humidity (RH) as well as airflow and broiler physiology directly affect heat production in broiler houses. This study was carried out under laboratory conditions to determine heat production for male broilers. In the laboratory experiment, 108 broilers were used to determine the influence of different temperature-humidity combinations on the physiological response of 2.0 to 2.3 kg broilers during the 40 min test. In the laboratory experiment, three dry bulb (DB) temperatures (25 °C, 30 °C, and 35 °C) …

Effect Of Three Different Cryoprotectant Solutions In Solid Surface Vitrification (Ssv) Techniques On The Development Rate Of Vitrified Pronuclear-Stage Mouse Embryos, Haydar Bağiş, Hande Odaman Mercan, Yakup Kumtepe

Turkish Journal of Veterinary & Animal Sciences

The objective of this study was to compare the effects of three different vitrification solutions on the development of pronuclear-stage (PN) Dinnyes mouse embryos into blastocyst stage after vitrification by solid surface vitrification (SSV) technique. For this aim, it was compared three experimental groups and a control group. Experimental groups were distinguished each other by the vitrification solution used in SSV. It was used 4 % Ethylene Glycol (EG) at 37 ºC equilibration temperature in the first group (SSV-EG), 4% Dimethyl Sulfoxide (DMSO) at room temperature in the second group (SSV-DMSO) and 4% Propylene Glycol (PG) at room temperature in …

Haemobartonellosis In Van Cats, Hasan Altan Akkan, Mehmet Karaca, Mehmet Tütüncü, Nalan Özdal, Nazmi̇ Yüksek, Zahi̇d Ağaoğlu, Serdar Değer

Turkish Journal of Veterinary & Animal Sciences

The present study was conducted to determine prevalence of Haemobartonella felis in Van cats. 121 Van cats (82 female, 39 male, aged 1-9 years) were the materials of the study. To determine biochemical and haematological parameters, 2 ml blood with and without anticoagulant were taken according to technique from vena cephalica antebrachii. H. felis was detected in blood smears preparations of 18 (14.88%) by Papenheim staining. Among biochemical parameters aspartate amino transferase (AST), alanine amino transferase (ALT), alkaline phosphatase (ALP), creatine phosphokinase (CPK) and bilirubin were in normal range as well as the packed cell volume (PCV) and red blood …

Determination Of The Metabolizable Energy (Me) And Net Energy Lactation (Nel) Contents Of Some Feeds In The Marmara Region By In Vitro Gas Technique, İsmai̇l Abaş, Haydar Özpinar, H. Can Kutay, Recep Kahraman, Hüseyi̇n Eseceli̇

Turkish Journal of Veterinary & Animal Sciences

In this study, chemical composition and energy values of some forages, raw materials and commercial feeds commonly used in the Marmara Region for ruminants were determined. Samples of sunflower meal, barley, wheat, oat, corn, wheat bran, grass hay, vetch hay, alfalfa hay and compound feeds were collected for evaluation. The samples of feed were analyzed for their chemical composition. Gas production capacity, in vitro organic matter digestibility and energy values of feeds were studied by Hohenheim Gas Test. The feed samples were incubated with rumen liquor for 24 hours and net gas production was computed. Digestibility values of organic matter …

The Effects Of Qualitative And Quantitative Protein Malnutrition On Cecal Microbiota In Wistar Rats With Or Without Neutrophil Suppression, Hali̇l Biyik, Muharrem Balkaya, Hümeyra Ünsal, Cengi̇z Ünsal

Turkish Journal of Veterinary & Animal Sciences

Gastrointestinal microbiota has been claimed to be affected by the diet consumed. In this study the effects of severe qualitative and quantitative protein malnutrition on cecal microbiota of male Wistar rats with or without neutrophil depletion were investigated. A total of 43 animals were divided randomly into 7 groups. Group I (control) was given a complete chow diet, groups II, III and IV received almost protein free (N-free) diet and groups V, VI and VII received a 20% gelatin containing diet for 35 days ad libitum. In addition, groups I, II and V were given physiologic saline, groups III and …

Examination Of Genetic And Morphologic Structure Of Sea-Bass (Dicentrarchus Labrax L., 1758) Populations In Turkish Coastal Waters, Deni̇z Ergüden, Cemal Turan

Turkish Journal of Veterinary & Animal Sciences

In this study genetic and morphologic structure of the sea-bass, Dicentrarchus labrax, in Turkish coastal waters were studied. Total 120 individuals were sampled in equal numbers from the Black, Marmara, Aegean and North-eastern Mediterranean Seas. In genetic analyses, four-enzyme systems (G3PDH*, ME*, MDH*, PGI*) were assayed, representing 9 loci (G3PDH-1*, G3PDH-2*, MDH-1*, MDH-2*, MDH-3*, ME*, PGI-1*, PGI-2*, PGI-3*), 2 of which were polymorphic (G3PDH-2*, PGI-3*). Fisher's exact test revealed that there were no genetic differences between populations using 9 loci. Nei's genetic distance was 0.0001 between the Black Sea and Mediterranean samples. Genetic identity was also found to be 0.9999 …

The Effects Of Aflatoxins On Oxidative Stress In Broiler Chickens, Gökhan Eraslan, Mehmet Akdoğan, Ender Yarsan, Fatma Şahi̇ndokuyucu, Di̇nç Eşsi̇z, Levent Altintaş

Turkish Journal of Veterinary & Animal Sciences

Sixty 1-day-old male Ross-PM3 broiler chickens were used in this study. The chickens were divided into 5 groups, including one control and 4 experimental. The control group was fed commercial broiler feed free from aflatoxin (AF), whereas the experimental groups, namely, groups 2, 3, 4 and 5 were given feed containing, respectively, 0.05 ppm, 0.1 ppm, 0.5 ppm and 1.0 ppm of AF (approximately, 81.30% AF B_{1}, 10.40% AF B_{2}, 5.75% AF G_{1} and 2.55% AF G_{2}) for 45 days. Blood samples were collected on days 15, 30 and 45 of the study. Superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), glutathione peroxidase …

Occurrence Of The Swimbladder Parasite Anguillicola Crassus (Nematoda, Dracunculoidea) In European Eels (Anguilla Anguilla) In Ceyhan River, Turkey, Ercüment Genç, Aysel Şahan, Tülay Altun, İbrahi̇m Cengi̇zler, Erdal Nevşat

Turkish Journal of Veterinary & Animal Sciences

European eels (Anguilla anguilla), collected from the Ceyhan River (Adana, Turkey) in 2002, were examined in terms of the presence of swimbladder nematoda. The existence of infection with Anguillicola crassus, a pathogenic swimbladder parasite, was identified in 50 out of 64 specimens. The total number of parasites, prevalence (%), parasite abundance and mean intensity of parasite values of July and November samples were 93, 82.86%, 2-7, 3.31 ± 1.32 and 56, 72.41%, 1-5, 3.20 ± 1.30, respectively. There was no significant histopathological destruction in the internal organs of the infected eels.

Seroprevalence Of Brucella Canis Infection Of Dogs In Two Provinces In Turkey, Taner Öncel, Mehmet Akan, Bariş Sareyyüpoğlu, O. Yaşar Tel, Alper Çi̇ftçi̇

Turkish Journal of Veterinary & Animal Sciences

The aim of this study was the determination and comparative evaluation of the seroprevalence of Brucella canis infection in dog sera obtained from different dog shelters located in İstanbul and İzmir provinces by tube agglutination test (TAT), 2-mercapto-ethanol tube agglutination test (2ME-TAT) and ELISA. A total of 362 serum samples were obtained from 8 different dog shelters in İstanbul and İzmir provinces. The dogs were temporarily kept in these shelters. Of the 362 serum samples, 46 (12.7%), 28 (7.73%) and 27 (7.45%) were found to be positive by TAT, 2ME-TAT and ELISA, respectively. Dogs in 6 (75%) out of the …

Identification And Antimicrobial Susceptibility Of Staphylococcus Aureus And Coagulase Negative Staphylococci From Bovine Mastitis In The Aydın Region Of Turkey, Şükrü Kirkan, Ergün Ö. Göksoy, Osman Kaya

Turkish Journal of Veterinary & Animal Sciences

Three hundred bovine milk samples with mastitis were used. Eighty-five (28.33%) strains were identified as Staphylococcus aureus whereas 60 (20.00%) strains were isolated as coagulase negative staphylococcus. Bacteriological cultures of coagulase negative staphylococcus were identified as 20 (33.33%) strains of S. hyicus, 16 (26.66%) strains of S. chromogenes, 9 (15.00%) strains of S. epidermidis, 5 (8.33%) strains of S. haemolyticus, 4 (6.66%) strains of S. sciuri, 3 (5.00%) strains of S. lentis and 3 (5.00%) strains of S. cohnii subsp. cohnii. The antibiotic susceptibility test results showed that Staphylococcus aureus strains were susceptible to ciprofloxacin (100.00%), neomycin + bacitracin + …

Liver Function In Cows With Retained Placenta, Ahmet Semacan, Mutlu Sevi̇nç

Turkish Journal of Veterinary & Animal Sciences

The aim of the present study was to compare the liver function of cows with retained placenta (n = 21) with that of control post-partum cows (n = 12). Liver biopsies of the cows with retained placenta showed that the mean percentage of fat in the liver parenchyma was 32.5%. The serum glucose, albumin, cholesterol, triglyceride, high density lipoprotein (HDL), low density lipoprotein (LDL), total calcium and inorganic phosphorus levels of cows with retained placenta were significantly lower than those of control cows whereas the aspartate aminotransferase (AST) and gamma glutamyltransferase (GGT) serum concentrations of cows with retained placenta were …

Effects Of Deboning Methods On Chemical Composition And Some Properties Of Beef And Turkey Meat, Meltem Serdaroğlu, Gülen Turp Yildiz, Neri̇man Bağdatlioğlu

Turkish Journal of Veterinary & Animal Sciences

The objective of this research was to compare some chemical and physical characteristics of mechanically deboned and hand deboned turkey meat and beef. Samples were analyzed for proximate composition, cholesterol, TBA, calcium and iron contents, hunter colour parameters and fatty acid composition. Deboning method affected chemical composition of beef and turkey meat. Mechanical deboning resulted higher cholesterol values and calcium and iron content. In hand deboned turkey meat the most abundant fatty acids were C16:0, C18:1 and C18:2. Mechanical deboning process was increased the percent of C18:1, C18:2 and C18:3 in turkey meat. C16:0, C18:0 and C18:1 were the major …

Some Behaviour Traits Observed On The Kıvırcık And Crossbred Lambs Raised In Intensive Conditions, Fevzi̇ Karaağaç, Mustafa Özcan, Türker Savaş

Turkish Journal of Veterinary & Animal Sciences

In this study, the behaviour responses of the crossbred lambs [F_2 (German Black-Headed Mutton x Merino) x F_1 (Chios x Kıvırcık)] were compared with the Kıvırcık lambs in intensive conditions and the effects of genotype, sex and observation period on the behaviours displayed were investigated. The data were collected from 10 (5 male + 5 female) Kıvırcık and 10 (5 male + 5 female) crossbred lambs, which were weaned at the age of 2-2.5 months. The effect of genotype was found significant on the behaviours of feed consumption (P < 0.01), activities towards the bedding material (P < 0.05), rumination (P < 0.01), lying (P < 0.01), oral stereotypic behaviours (OSB) (P < 0.01) and behaviours towards animal (BTA) (P < 0.01). Behaviours towards other animals and oral stereotypic behaviours in the crossbred lambs were 50% and 27% more than the Kıvırcık lambs, respectively. Significant differences in terms of the activities towards the bedding material (P < 0.05), rumination (P < 0.01) and lying (P < 0.01) behaviours were determined between the male and female lambs. It was seen that the male lambs were more active in the breeding area. The effects of observation period were found significant on feeding (P < 0.01), drinking (P < 0.01), rumination (P < 0.01), lying (P < 0.01), standing (P < 0.01), oral stereotypic behaviours (P < 0.01) and behaviours towards animals (P < 0.05). Although the crossbred lambs were more superior for fattening program in terms of live weight gains, they showed more abnormal behaviours (OSB and BTA), which are the signs of stress, in the limited breeding area, depend on the lessening of the area by the rise in their live weights.

Effects Of Various Dietary Fat Sources On Performance And Body Fatty Acid Composition Of Broiler Chickens, M. Ali̇ Azman, İ. Hali̇l Çerçi̇, Nurgül Bi̇rben

Turkish Journal of Veterinary & Animal Sciences

The objective of this study was to investigate the effects of different dietary fat sources including soybean oil (SO), poultry grease (BG) or beef tallow (BT) used as fat source on growth performance and fatty acids composition of abdominal fat, thigh skin, breast and thigh muscle of broiler chickens. Three hundred 21-day-old broilers were randomly assigned to 3 groups and were fed corn–soy based grower diets containing 6% of the respective dietary fat source between 21 and 41 days. Final body weight was not significantly (P > 0.05) affected by dietary fat sources. Daily weight gain and daily feed intake was …

The Effects Of Melatonin Hormone On Carbonic Anhydrase Enzyme Activity In Rainbow Trout (Oncorhynchus Mykiss) Erythrocytes In Vitro And In Vivo, Olcay Hi̇sar, Şükrü Beydemi̇r, İlhami̇ Gülçi̇n, Şükri̇ye Aras Hi̇sar, Telat Yanik, Ömer İrfan Küfrevi̇oğlu

Turkish Journal of Veterinary & Animal Sciences

The effects of melatonin hormone on rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) erythrocyte carbonic anhydrase enzyme purified by using Sepharose 4B-L tyrosine-sulfanylamide affinity gel chromatography were investigated in vitro and in vivo. Carbonic anhydrase from Oncorhynchus mykiss erythrocytes was purified with a specific activity of ~400 EU/mg protein and ~200-fold in a yield of ~20. Melatonin did not inhibit carbonic anhydrase enzyme in vitro. Carbonic anhydrase activity of the control group was determined as 1597.7 ± 429.0 EU/g hemoglobin in vivo. Carbonic anhydrase activities were measured at 1, 3 and 5 h by following melatonin injection. The corresponding mean activities of melatonin …

Isolation Of Clostridium Perfringens From Chickens And Detection Of The Alpha Toxin Gene By Polymerase Chain Reaction (Pcr), Hakan Kalender, Hasan Basri̇ Ertaş

Turkish Journal of Veterinary & Animal Sciences

This study was carried out to isolate Clostridium perfringens from chickens and to detect the gene encoding the alpha toxin produced by all types of C. perfringens by polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Intestinal contents of 160 slaughtered chickens from 8 different farms in Elazığ province were analyzed. C. perfringens was isolated from 8 (5%) of the samples. DNA samples extracted from suspected isolates grown on selective agar were amplified by PCR using a pair of primers derived from the alpha toxin gene. All of 8 suspected isolates were found to be C. perfringens by conventional methods and PCR. Isolates were …

Some Biological Aspects Of Parapenaeus Longirostris (Lucas, 1846) (Crustacea, Decapoda) Inhabiting The Sea Of Marmara, Yusuf Kenan Bayhan, Tarik Ünlüer, Mehmet Akkaya

Turkish Journal of Veterinary & Animal Sciences

In this study, carried out between November 2000 and October 2001, the annual spawning period, first maturity length, length frequency distribution and length/weight relationship of Parapenaeus longirostris that inhabit most commonly the Sea of Marmara were investigated. Analysis of the data obtained from this study revealed that although the mature individuals with fully developed eggs were found almost every month throughout the year, the highest gonadosomatic index values were obtained in September, October, December, April and May. The total length at which 50% of the population reaches maturity is calculated to be 9.7 cm. Among the individuals caught, females at …

Identification And Distribution Of Lactic Acid Bacteria During The Ripening Of Şavak Tulum Cheese, Gülsüm Ateş Öksüztepe, Bahri̇ Patir, Mehmet Çalicioğlu

Turkish Journal of Veterinary & Animal Sciences

This study was undertaken to determine changes in the flora of lactic acid bacteria during the ripening of Şavak tulum cheese and to identify the major species playing an important role in the ripening process. Tulum cheese was produced from raw sheep milk using traditional methods and ripened in plastic containers at 4 °C for 90 days. Samples were taken on days 0, 15, 30, 60 and 90 and analyzed for isolation and identification of lactic acid bacteria. A total of 783 isolates of lactic acid bacteria were identified. The results indicated that, in general, lactic streptococci were predominant within …

Determination Of Alpha Naphthyl Acetate Esterase Activity In The Peripheral Blood Leukocytes In Angora Rabbits, Zi̇ya Özcan

Turkish Journal of Veterinary & Animal Sciences

The aim of this study was to determine the alpha naphthyl acetate esterase (ANAE) activity in the peripheral blood leukocytes in Angora rabbits. The heparinized blood samples obtained from 10 healthy adult Angora rabbits were used. ANAE stainings were applied at different pH values for the determination of ANAE activities. The ANAE positive reactions were observed in the T lymphocytes, monocytes, neutrophils, eosinophils and platelets. The ANAE positive lymphocyte rate was found to be 68.2%.

Morphometric And Electrophoretic Variation In Different Honeybee (Apis Mellifera L.) Populations, İrfan Kandemi̇r, Meral Kence, Aykut Kence

Turkish Journal of Veterinary & Animal Sciences

Honeybee colonies from Turkey, Naxcivan (Azerbaijan) and Austria were studied for morphometric and electrophoretic variation and for comparison among different subspecies. Out of six enzyme systems, four were found to be polymorphic with 14 allozymes. Discriminant function analysis of 10 morphometric variables resulted in a total of four groups. Cluster analysis of electrophoretic data showed a similar type of groupings. Among the four polymorphic loci, Mdh-1 showed the highest and Est-3 the lowest differentiation among populations.

Detection Of Antibodies Produced Against Ornithobacterium Rhinotracheale And Bordetella Avium By Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay In Hens And Turkeys In Aydın Province, Turkey, Süheyla Türkyilmaz, Osman Kaya

Turkish Journal of Veterinary & Animal Sciences

Respiratory diseases are very common in poultry. Bordetella avium and Ornithobacterium rhinotracheale are among the major microorganisms responsible for these diseases. The study was conducted to investigate the seroprevalence of O. rhinotracheale and B. avium in Aydın. Two hundred seventy-six chicken and 360 turkey serum samples were collected from poultry with respiratory disease suspicion in poultry enterprises around the city and samples were then examined for the presence of B. avium and O. rhinotracheale by commercial ELISA kits. The results revealed that 66.3% of chicken and 11.1% of turkey serum samples were positive for O. rhinotracheale and 29.1% of turkey …

Private Standards In Public Law: Copyright, Lawmaking And The Case Of Accounting, Lawrence A. Cunningham

GW Law Faculty Publications & Other Works

Government increasingly leverages its regulatory function by embodying in law standards that are promulgated and copyrighted by non-governmental organizations. Departures from such standards expose citizens to criminal, civil and administrative sanctions, yet private actors generate, control and limit access to them. Despite governmental ambitions, no one is responsible for evaluating the legitimacy of this approach and no framework exists to facilitate analysis. This Article contributes an analytical framework and, for the federal government, nominates the Director of the Federal Register to implement it.

Analysis is animated using among the oldest and broadest examples of this pervasive but stealthy phenomenon: embodiment …

The Bottom Line On Board Diversity: A Cost-Benefit Analysis Of The Business Rationales For Diversity On Corporate Boards, Lisa M. Fairfax

GW Law Faculty Publications & Other Works

The Bottom Line on Board Diversity: A Cost Benefit Analysis of the Business Rationales for Diversity on Corporate Boards critically examines the business rationales for diversity in order to determine whether they can or should be used to encourage greater diversity on the boards of major corporations. The Article acknowledges the validity of some of the business rationales for diversity within corporations more generally, but questions whether those rationales apply with as much force in the context of corporate boards and the obligations board members undertake. On this point, the Article concludes that such rationales promise more, and in some …

The Faith-Based Initiative And The Constitution, Ira C. Lupu, Robert W. Tuttle

GW Law Faculty Publications & Other Works

This paper, originally presented as the Annual Lecture at DePaul University's Church/State Center, addresses the many constitutional issues raised by President George W. Bush's Faith-Based and Community Initiative. Part I of the paper provides the political and legal background of the Initiative, up to and including the recent flurry of Executive Branch activity to implement it. Part II of the paper constructs the constitutional prism through which we believe the Initiative, like all constitutional questions relating to religion, should be viewed. In particular, we analyze the law of the Religion Clauses in terms of the constitutional distinctiveness or non-distinctiveness of …