Digital Commons Network^™

Editor's Note, Jennifer J. Monberg

Federal Communications Law Journal

No abstract provided.

Uberregulation Without Economics: The World Trade Organization's Decision In The U.S.-Mexico Arbitration On Telecommunications Services, General Agreement On Trade In Services, Gats, J. Gregory Sidak, Hal J. Singer

Federal Communications Law Journal

In April 2004, a World Trade Organization ("WTO") arbitration panel found that Mexico had violated its commitments under the Annex on Telecommunications to the General Agreement on Trade in Services ("GATS") by failing to ensure that Telmex, Mexico's largest supplier of basic telecommunications services, provide interconnection to U.S. telecommunications carriers at international settlement rates that were costoriented. The WTO panel deemed long run average incremental cost ("LRAIC") to be the appropriate cost standard for setting settlement rates. Mexico thus became obliged to change its domestic telecommunications regulations or face trade sanctions. The decision is the first WTO arbitration to deal …

The Road Not Yet Traveled: Why The Fcc Should Issue Digital Must-Carry Rules For Public Television "First", Andrew D. Cotlar

Federal Communications Law Journal

After having recently adopted a variety of complex decisions concerning the digital television transition, the Federal Communications Commission ("FCC") may be poised in the next year to address the issue of mandatory cable carriage of digital broadcast television signals. In this regard, it may reasonably consider the possibility of crafting digital carriage rules for public television stations first without ruling positively or negatively on carriage of commercial stations. This action may legitimately be based on the unique legislative and factual differences between the noncommercial and commercial service and would be constitutionally permissible. This Article sets forth the legal basis for …

Nonprofit Solicitation Under The Telemarketing Sales Rule, Rita Marie Cain

Federal Communications Law Journal

In 2003, the Federal Trade Commission ("FTC") revised its Telemarketing Sales Rule ("TSR") to establish a national Do-Not-Call Registry for commercial telemarketing. Congress directed the Federal Communications Commission ("FCC") to coordinate its telemarketing regulations under the Telephone Consumer Protection Act ("TCPA") of 1991 to achieve maximum consistency between the two agencies' telemarketing restrictions. Nonprofit solicitation is exempt from the national Do-Not-Call Registry, but is covered by other provisions of the FTC rule. The TSR created a new in-house no-call list requirement and imposed additional restrictions not previously known for nonprofit solicitors. The separate nonprofit provisions of the TSR raise unique …

Competition Versus Regulation: "Mediating Between Right And Right'* In The Wireless And Wireline Telephone Industries, Benjamin Douglas Arden

Federal Communications Law Journal

The wireline telephone industry in the United States is the most complete and sophisticated system in the world, built under 100 years of strict government regulation. While the wireline telephone industry was built under a scheme emphasizing regulatory control, the infancy of the wireless telephone industry has been subject to increasing deregulation and reliance on free market forces to guide the industry's development. It has been suggested that this shift in policy reflects the acknowledged failure of strict government regulation. This Note argues that the shift in regulatory policy reflects a difference in circumstances between the development of the wireless …

An Introduction To Lessigian Thought, Russ Taylor

Federal Communications Law Journal

Book Review: Free Culture: How Big Media Uses Technology and the Law to Lock Down Culture and Control Creativity, Lawrence Lessig, New York: Penguin Press, 2004, 306 pages.

A review of Free Culture: How Big Media Uses Technology and the Law to Lock Down Culture and Control Creativity by Lawrence Lessig. Lawrence Lessig is a frequent commentator and prolific writer on media and communications topics. His body of work touches copyright issues, radio spectrum policy, media ownership issues, and legal ownership and control of the physical platforms that deliver broadband content. In this 2004 publication, he focuses on copyright policy. …

Masthead Vol.57 No.1 (2004)

Federal Communications Law Journal

No abstract provided.

Headache And Blood Pressure In Primary Health Care Setting In Kuwait, Sawsan T. Jamal, Prem N. Sharma, Fatma A. Ramadan, Fathi S. Boshehri

Saudi Medical Journal

OBJECTIVE: To identify the types of headache among patients, presenting at a primary health care setting, and to determine the correlation between headache and high blood pressure (BP). METHODS: This was a cross-sectional study administered in 2 primary health care centers (Fintas and AbuHalifa) of a regional health district in Kuwait from March 2003 to June 2003. Our study included 290 patients with different types of headache, and requested for BP measurement. RESULTS: The sample included patients, in the age group 15-80 years with an overall mean age of 41 (+13 SD) years. The male to female ratio was 1:2.7 …

Population Based Study Of Serum Lipid Levels In Al-Kharj Health Center, Saudi Arabia, Danny O. Ogbeide, Anjum Karim, Ibrahim M. Al-Khalifa, Saima Siddique

Saudi Medical Journal

OBJECTIVE: Previous studies have shown high prevalence of diabetes mellitus, hypertension, obesity and smoking in this community. The aim of this study is to determine the prevalence and factors associated with hyperlipidemia. METHODS: A questionnaire was administered on all patients 5.2 mmol/L (desirable level according to National Cholesterol Education Program [NCEP]). Mean serum cholesterol level for males and females were 5.08 mmol/L and 5.19 mmol/L; 462 (59.80%) had triglycerides level <1.7 mmol/L and 311 (40.20%) had level >1.7 mmol/L (NCEP). Age <50 years, education less than high school (12 years), family history of hyperlipidemia and high triglyceride levels were strongly associated with hyperlipidemia. CONCLUSION: The study points to high prevalence of total cholesterol, triglyceride and low density lipoprotein in this population. We suggest further studies and steps to reverse these factors, which are modifiable by changes in lifestyle.

The Expression Of P53, P16 Proteins And Prevalence Of Apoptosis In Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma. Correlation With Mode Of Invasion Grading System, Benay Tokman, Sibel E. Gultekin, Cem Sezer, Reha Alpar

Saudi Medical Journal

OBJECTIVE: Inactivation of p53 and p16 tumor suppressor genes, and apoptosis which is crucial in carcinogenesis have commonly been studied in oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC). However, their prognostic value has not yet been clearly established. METHODS: This study was conducted in the Department of Oral Pathology, Faculty of Dentistry, Gazi University, Ankara, Turkey during the period 2002 to 2003 on formalin-fixed paraffin embedded tissue specimens of 12 lip and 18 intraoral primary squamous cell carcinoma cases. The expression of p53 and p16 proteins were studied by immunohistochemistry, and the apoptosis by TdT-mediated dUTP-biotin nick end-labeling (TUNEL) methods. The possible …

The Effect Of Concurrent Use Of Hepatitis B And Bacille Calmette-Guerin Vaccination On Anti-Hepatitis B Response, Reha Artan, Meltem Erol, Sevtap Velipasaoglu, Olcay Yegin

Saudi Medical Journal

OBJECTIVE: Bacille Calmette-Guerin (BCG) is given at 2-months of age; diphtheria toxoid, tetanus toxoid, whole cell pertussis, oral polio are given at 2, 3, 4 months, and hepatitis B virus (HBV) vaccine is given at 3, 4, 9 months of age. The aim was to evaluate the sero-protection rate of HBV vaccine which has been given at 2, 3, and 9 months of age and coincided with BCG vaccine at the first dose. METHODS: Hepatitis B virus vaccine was administered to 3 groups of infants at 2, 3, 9 months (n=20), 3, 4, 9 months (n=20) concurrently with BCG or …

Modified B-Lynch Technique For The Control Of Massive Postpartum Hemorrhage. An Alternative To Hysterectomy, Ahmed M. Malibary

Saudi Medical Journal

The B-Lynch, brace suture technique is a life saving procedure. It is a simple and safe procedure, which has the advantage of preserving the uterus and thus fertility. The efficacy of the procedure can be assessed immediately and complete hemostasis is obtained in most cases. The special advantage of the B-Lynch technique is that it is an alternative to major surgical procedures such as hysterectomy and internal iliac artery ligation. A modified technique of the B-Lynch embracing suture has been performed in the case reported without any apparent complications.

A Rare Complication Of Secondary Hyperparathyroidism. Brown Tumor Of The Maxilla And Mandible, A. Pinar Sumer, Nurol Arik, Mahmut Sumer, Filiz Karagoz

Saudi Medical Journal

Brown tumors are focal bone lesions caused by increased osteoclastic activity and fibroblastic proliferation encountered in primary or more rarely secondary hyperparathyroidism. Ninety-two percent of the patients undergoing dialysis develop secondary hyperparathyroidism. Of these, approximately 1.5% develops brown tumors. Brown tumors of hyperparathyroidism may appear in any bone but are frequently found in the facial bones and jaws, particularly in long-standing cases of the disease. As it becomes common for hyperparathyroidism to be detected earlier during the disease, the bony manifestations of the disease are rarely seen. The following report describes a case of brown tumor of the maxilla and …

Dramatic Vascular Course Of Behcet's Disease, Mohamed A. Elsharawy, Khairi A. Hassan, Majed Al-Awami, Fatma A. Al-Mulhim

Saudi Medical Journal

Vascular involvement in Behcet9s disease is rare approximately 14% venous and 1.6% arterial, serious and recurrent. We report a case of Behcet9s disease with deep venous thrombosis and right iliac pseudoaneurysm which was repaired with polytetrafluoroethylene PTFE graft. The patient received warfarin, aspirin, clopidogrel, immunosuppressive and corticosteroids. Two months later the patient developed manifestations of superior vena cava thrombosis and the graft was blocked. Three months later, ischemia of the right foot deteriorated and left femoral artery to right femoral artery crossover PTFE graft was performed.

Progression Of Obesity Among Seeb School Children In Oman. A Preliminary Study, Youssef F. Osman, Siham K. Muscati, Shyam S. Ganguly, Mushtaq Khan, Badria Al-Sharji

Saudi Medical Journal

No abstract provided.

Diabetes Mellitus During Pregnancy.Fetal Outcome, Saad E. Dafallah, Eisa M. Yousif

Saudi Medical Journal

No abstract provided.

Thyrotoxicosis Presenting With Complete Heart Block, Sheikh Jalal, Khurshid A. Khan, Malik A. Rauoof, Vicar M. Jan, Nazir A. Lone, Hilal A. Rather, Kaiser Habib

Saudi Medical Journal

No abstract provided.

Empirical Legal Scholarship As Scientific Dialogue, Gregory Mitchell

North Carolina Law Review

No abstract provided.

Theoretical And Conceptual Issues In Economic Reforms: Application To Nigeria's Downstream Petroleum Sector., N. O. Magbagbeola

Economic and Financial Review

This paper examines the theoretical and conceptual issues pertaining 10 economic reforms. The author adopted a survey method approach to discussed the classification of economic reforms into first-generation and second-generation reforms, and examines their categories, namely, institutional, labour, financial market and product market reforms. On the speed and sequencing of economic reforms, the paper investigates two alternative paths of economic reforms for an economy that has a large public sector like Nigeria. The two paths are gradual approach and "big-bang" approach. Related to the discussion about the speed of adjustment, the paper examines the economics of petroleum product pricing in …

Pricing Of Petroleum Products In Nigeria And The Issue Of Price Subsidy, G. E. Ukpong

Economic and Financial Review

This article re-examines the policy on petroleum products pricing, especially against the background 'Of government's decision in October 2003 that crude oil for domestic consumption be paid for at the prevailing international price, in order to suggest a way forward. The issue of subsidy is also discussed in that context. The rest of the paper is organized as follows: Section II contains literature review on petroleum products pricing and subsidy. Petroleum products pricing and subsidy management in Nigeria is found in section III. Section IV contains suggested way forward in products pricing in Nigeria as well as concluding thoughts.

The Welfare Implications Of Increasing Disability Insurance Benefit Generosity, John Bound, Julie Berry Cullen, Austin Nichols, Lucie Schmidt

Economics: Faculty Publications

In order to evaluate whether workers are over- or under-insured through the Disability Insurance (DI) program, we develop a framework that allows us to simulate the benefits as well as the costs associated with marginal changes in payment generosity from a representative cross-sectional sample of the population. Under the assumption that individuals are reasonably risk averse, we find that the typical worker would value increased benefits somewhat above the average costs of providing them. However, whether the benefit increases tend to lower or raise utility when we average across all individuals in our sample is sensitive to assumptions that affect …

Voices Raised, Issue 06, University Of Dayton. Women's Center

Women’s Center Newsletter

Included in this issue: Immaculate Mary; Grants augment women’s research; Mentoring grows; Women’s Studies take root in the neighborhood; Solution-oriented VP to retire; Muslim students strive to educate, support; Don’t let stress ruin your holidays; Dining services dishes up more than you’d expect; Marianist Images Across Campus; Confronting Disrespect: We Owe it to Each Other.

The First Seventy-Five Years Of The Memphis Christmas Bird Count, W. Robert Peeples

The Migrant - Tennessee Ornithological Society

No abstract provided.

Abomasal Parasites In Wild Sympatric Cervids, Red Deer, Cervus Elaphus, And Fallow Deer, Dama Dama, From Three Localities Across Central And Western Spain: Relationship To Host Density And Park Management, Mónica Santín-Durán, José M. Alunda, Eric P. Hoberg, Concepción De La Fuente

Harold W. Manter Laboratory of Parasitology: Faculty Publications

A survey of abomasal parasites in cervids from Central Spain was conducted at three sites, Quintos de Mora (Toledo), Maluéñez de Arriba (Cáceres), and La Herguijuela (Cáceres). Commonly occurring helminths belonged to three polymorphic species of the Ostertagiinae: Spiculopteragia asymmetrica/S. quadrispiculata, Ostertagia leptospicularis/O. kolchida, and O. drozdzi/O. ryjikovi. Trichostrongylus axei was found in very few cases. Ostertagia drozdzi/O. ryjikovi and the minor male morphotype, S. quadrispiculata, are reported for the first time in red deer from Spain. The three ostertagiine species are also reported for the first time …

Dignity, Sherman Alexie

Seattle Journal for Social Justice

No abstract provided.

Last Suppers, 1998 (A Found Poem), Brenda K. White

Seattle Journal for Social Justice

No abstract provided.

Stand Up For Your Rights, Magdaleno Rose-Avila

Seattle Journal for Social Justice

No abstract provided.

God Liberates In Mysterious Ways, William W. Bennett

Seattle Journal for Social Justice

No abstract provided.

Redefining The Movement: Art Activism, Michael Shank, Forward By Howard Zinn

Seattle Journal for Social Justice

No abstract provided.

A Watershed-Based Classification System For Lakes In Agriculturally-Dominated Ecosystems: A Case Study Of Nebraska Reservoirs, Henry N. N. Bulley

Department of Geography: Dissertations, Theses, and Student Research

In recent decades substantial progress has been made in improving the quality of surface waters in the United States (Hawkins et al., 2000; EPA, 2000; EPA, 2001); nevertheless, much work remains to be done in assessing the state of impairment of lake waters. Impairment implies that the existing water quality of a lake, as measured by selected criteria (e.g., nitrogen, phosphorus, chlorophyll-a, Secchi depth), exceeds a threshold value or standard that presumably reflects optimal attainable lake water quality conditions (or "reference" conditions) (Hughes, 1995; EPA, 2000; EPA, 2001). Such impaired waters are not suitable for designated uses such as drinking, …