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2004

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Collaborative Design Activity: The Inclusion Of Human Affect Processes In Design Theory About Collaboration In Design., Terence Love Nov 2004

Collaborative Design Activity: The Inclusion Of Human Affect Processes In Design Theory About Collaboration In Design., Terence Love

DRS Biennial Conference Series

his paper reports the findings of research aimed at identifying appropriate ways forward in building design theory about collaborative design activities that take into account new research findings from cognitive neuro-science about the roles of affect, emotion and feeling in human interactions and perceptions. Human affective processes are essential to many aspects of collaborative designing. These include: individual design cognition; communication between collaborators and stakeholders; individual understanding, valuing and judging of elements of design problems and solutions; optimisation processes; individual and group closure processes; power-based/ hegemonic manipulations; and negotiations about elements of design problem, design solution and design processes. The …

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Websites And Values - Genres And Styles As Socio-Cultural Indicators., Ida Engholm, Karen Lisa Goldschmidt Salamon Nov 2004

Websites And Values - Genres And Styles As Socio-Cultural Indicators., Ida Engholm, Karen Lisa Goldschmidt Salamon

DRS Biennial Conference Series

Since the appearance of the world wide web during the early 1990s, the interface of the internet has undergone a radical metamorphosis. From being a primitive, text–based medium, it has become an advanced and complex hyper-media representing multiple forms of design. Initially, the web was mainly a playground for private experiments. However, as increasingly culturally sensitive companies and organisations entered the scene, it became more professionalized and a certain degree of standardisation took place. The development of webdesign converged into particular groups and genres based on similarity of content and style and structured according to cultural taxonomies created by professionals …

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Discovering And Extracting Knowledge In The Design Project., Carl Disalvo, Jodi Forlizzi, Francine Gemperle Nov 2004

Discovering And Extracting Knowledge In The Design Project., Carl Disalvo, Jodi Forlizzi, Francine Gemperle

DRS Biennial Conference Series

Over the last twenty years, the rapid adoption of the graphical user interface followed by the emergence of the World Wide Web has created an increasing demand for interaction designers and interaction design research. Knowledge generated by interaction designers is needed not only by other designers, but also by researchers and practitioners from other disciplines. This evolution has generated increasing pressure for more refined models of design research and design research dissemination. To address this problem, we first explore the evolution of design documentation, detailing how it has evolved to meet the changing needs of designers. Then we present an …

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Conditions For Research Funding., Paul Van Der Lem Nov 2004

Conditions For Research Funding., Paul Van Der Lem

DRS Biennial Conference Series

This paper is based on published evidence of such funding of design research activities. It seeks to describe principles that have generated abilities to establish and increase streams of funding from governmental sources and the private sector with a stake in design research. Dipping into such streams of research funding, or creating them, is possible through mixing appropriate tactics and strategies of research approaches and methods. Ideas for such approaches are influenced by levels of realisation of the different needs of agents involved in creating worthwhile research. Prime movers for this process are of course the individuals concerned, but obtaining …

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User-Centred Approach In Visual And Spatial Reasoning: Design Research In Wayfinding Map Design., Christopher Kueh Nov 2004

User-Centred Approach In Visual And Spatial Reasoning: Design Research In Wayfinding Map Design., Christopher Kueh

DRS Biennial Conference Series

Designing effective wayfinding maps to assist people to navigate effectively within a specific environment has always been an issue. According to Wright, ‘[users] have responded negatively to map design in the past ... ’(cited in Wood 1993). The aim of this paper is to address the importance of user-centred approaches in the design of wayfinding maps. In this paper I am proposing that graphic and information designers should emphasize the interaction processes between people and maps, people and the physical environment, and the relationship that people create between the map and the environment. This paper also suggests a speculative wayfinding …

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Transforming Strategic Brand Identity To Product Design References., Toni-Matti Karjalainen Nov 2004

Transforming Strategic Brand Identity To Product Design References., Toni-Matti Karjalainen

DRS Biennial Conference Series

The paper presents a brief summary and main findings of the Author’s doctoral research. The dissertation is handed out to preliminary inspection in June 2004 and tentatively published by the end 2004. The research, titled as “Semantic transformation in design”, combines views of branding-related research and product semantics. Starting point for the study is a setting where a company, represented through its brand, aims to communicate predefined strategic identity to the target customer through product design. Semantic transformation refers to a framework where strategic orientations and goals that the company has defined for its brand get actualised (thus transformed) into …

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Product Loyalty Study On College Students Consumer Groups., Ding-Bang Luh Nov 2004

Product Loyalty Study On College Students Consumer Groups., Ding-Bang Luh

DRS Biennial Conference Series

Evidences show that existing customers tend to spend more money than new customers do. In highly competitive business environments, maintaining existing markets becomes more critical than developing new ones. Managing customer loyalty through product design, i.e., product loyalty issues, is a key to company prosperity and an important concern in design research. From product design and customers’ perspectives, this paper suggests an approach for exploring potential design strategies that can help to do so. Through various research methods, 25 basic loyalty strategies are defined and 19 of which are identified valid to college students groups characterized as rationalists. Major findings …

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The Relationship Between Package Visual Design Of Green Products And Consumer Behavior - An Example Of Green Laundry Detergent Package., Chen-Fu (Daniel) Chen, Yian-Lin Ling Nov 2004

The Relationship Between Package Visual Design Of Green Products And Consumer Behavior - An Example Of Green Laundry Detergent Package., Chen-Fu (Daniel) Chen, Yian-Lin Ling

DRS Biennial Conference Series

This research explains the specific relationship between consumer buying behavior and the package visual design. This research involves a questionnaire survey of consumers through the package visual design of green products with the Eco-label in Taiwan. The laundry detergent product category has been selected for the sample. The related research issues, such as functions of product package, green package design, definitions of green products, and green consumption, are also discussed. This research has explained the influential factors, including both categories of aesthetic and environmental appeal factors, to the green package visual design of the laundry detergent, which may help designers …

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Design For Sustainable Consumption., Miles Park Nov 2004

Design For Sustainable Consumption., Miles Park

DRS Biennial Conference Series

This paper examines current eco-design approaches that focus upon eco-efficiency strategies. It attempts to demonstrate how such strategies are failing to address the emergent issues of unsustainable consumption and are the cause of environmental ‘rebound effects’. This paper considers the importance of behavioural factors as a key to stemming unsustainable consumption. The transition from designing eco-efficient to eco-effective products and systems is considered. Design practice and methodologies are explored as a means to engage with these important issues. How do we engage designers and clients to go deeper and consider the cumulative context of product design and social/environmental issues? The …

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Driving Experience And The Effect Of Challenging Interactions In High Traffic Context., Rafael Gomez, Vesna Popovic, Sam Bucolo Nov 2004

Driving Experience And The Effect Of Challenging Interactions In High Traffic Context., Rafael Gomez, Vesna Popovic, Sam Bucolo

DRS Biennial Conference Series

This paper focuses on exploring the emotional experience of driving and aims to identify some of the aspects that may influence this experience. The paper presents an exploratory study focusing on the driver’s experience during interaction with the vehicle interface while driving. The study is based on a data triangulation approach including interviews, observation, and think-aloud protocol. Preliminary analysis of the study provided encouraging indicative findings, identifying aspects of design that enhance and/or detract from the driving experience. Previous analysis suggests that context and situation have a dominant impact on the driving experience. Further analysis has shown that challenges with …

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Practical Uses Of Nanotechnology To Accelerate Design Innovation., Lyndon Anderson, Cameron Jones Nov 2004

Practical Uses Of Nanotechnology To Accelerate Design Innovation., Lyndon Anderson, Cameron Jones

DRS Biennial Conference Series

Nanotechnology promises a natural method to accelerate the complex task of innovation for many design problems by exploiting self-assembly and quantum processing at extreme scales of miniaturization. With this objective, a range of hybrid computer devices that use biological cells or chemical thin-films have been built to take advantage of nanoscale information processing. These devices are termed molecular computers and function by manipulating input sets of digital schematics or images stored to Compact Disc optical media. Light transmission through cells or chemical thin-films is a highly nonlinear phenomenon, and causes digital information to replicate with itself. This means that well-defined …

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The Importance Of Industrial Design For Small Wood Manufacturing Companies - An Analysis From The Manufacturers' Perspective., Kajsa Ekberg Nov 2004

The Importance Of Industrial Design For Small Wood Manufacturing Companies - An Analysis From The Manufacturers' Perspective., Kajsa Ekberg

DRS Biennial Conference Series

Although industrial design use in small companies has been discussed more frequently in the literature in the past few years, very little research has been specifically done on the wood industry. This article presents a study of design use in small wood manufacturing companies in the northeast region of Sweden. Qualitative empirical data was collected from nine wood manufacturing companies using a structured questionnaire combined with a series of semi-structured interviews. The results indicate that industrial design is important for increasing competitiveness in small wood manufacturing companies. The firms that had invested in design found that it was of vital …

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Disciplining Creativity: Neoliberalism And Design Education In New Zealand., Amanda Bill Nov 2004

Disciplining Creativity: Neoliberalism And Design Education In New Zealand., Amanda Bill

DRS Biennial Conference Series

Two decades of educational reform in New Zealand have resulted in one of the most market-oriented regimes of higher education in the OECD. In this environment, enrolments in design and other creative degree courses that seem to provide an opportunity for individual expression and self-development have greatly increased. However, representatives of traditional industry sectors complain that there are hardly any jobs for these graduates, and little in the way of career paths. The situation thus seems to confound human capital approaches to education policy, in which tactics such as high fees and student loans are meant to exert a conservative …

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Vessels Of Expression And Flows Of Innovation: Some Reflections On The Relationship Between Toilet Design And Building Design., Andrew Martel, Paolo Tombesi Nov 2004

Vessels Of Expression And Flows Of Innovation: Some Reflections On The Relationship Between Toilet Design And Building Design., Andrew Martel, Paolo Tombesi

DRS Biennial Conference Series

The unpredictable nature of manufacturing products from vitreous china results in the sanity ware industry employing a prototype-based, trial-and-error process for the development of its product lines. These technological circumstances present opportunities to use project specific or one-off designs to develop innovations that may then flow back into the industry at large. Such developments may take one of two forms: (1) stylistic, aesthetic based innovation aimed at integrating the sanity ware into the style of the building project, and (2) architecture-autonomous technological innovation, not dependent on specific projects for stimulus and more on the manufacturers’ ongoing in-house developments and industry …

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Commercialization Of New Materials In Consumer Goods., Ilse Van Kesteren, P V Kandachar Nov 2004

Commercialization Of New Materials In Consumer Goods., Ilse Van Kesteren, P V Kandachar

DRS Biennial Conference Series

New materials try to find their way into consumer goods, but not all do so with the same speed and success as revealed by this study on the development and application history of plastics. Three major actors can influence this commercialization process of new materials: material technologists, industrial design engineers and consumers. They can actively influence this process in some cases, but not in all cases. The factors affecting the commercialization process of plastics in the past have been analyzed to formulate recommendations for future generations of materials. Cooperation between material technologists and designers is considered as an important factor …

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The Influence Of Communication Environment To The Brainstorming Practice., Yi-Han Hu, Chi-Hsien Hsu, Chun-Di Chen Nov 2004

The Influence Of Communication Environment To The Brainstorming Practice., Yi-Han Hu, Chi-Hsien Hsu, Chun-Di Chen

DRS Biennial Conference Series

Team work is not new for an organization to enhance the quality and quantity of the answer against the problem [1]. Increasingly, the completion of design work needs group’s effort, leading the request of communication tools to reduce the cost and time for traveling to place the face-to-face discussion. Many studies have devoted to the field using computer-mediated communication tools to support cooperative design work. On the other hand, the utilization of brainstorming in producing many ideas has been recognized. The pervasive usage of telecommunication tools and brainstorming in design work prompts an interest about how brainstorming is conducted over …

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Environ-Mental., Bev Lamey, Carol Bristow Nov 2004

Environ-Mental., Bev Lamey, Carol Bristow

DRS Biennial Conference Series

Loony Bins and madhouses; does the environment contribute to the wellbeing of mental health patients (clients)? Have the large Victorian asylums, where patients were hidden from public view, disappeared? Evidence suggests otherwise. People struggling with the distress and disruptive consequences of mental illness, are still kept in oppressive, unsympathetic environments. Research into patient focussed design and architecture has concentrated on physical health care environments and ignored psychiatric health care. As a result many psychiatric patients are still housed (and locked up) in former asylums with their outdated facilities and arrangements. The "Environ-mental" project and SEED is about design for wellbeing …

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An Exploratory Study Of Managing A Design Project., Chung-Hung Lin, Yu Lin Hsu Nov 2004

An Exploratory Study Of Managing A Design Project., Chung-Hung Lin, Yu Lin Hsu

DRS Biennial Conference Series

Managing a design project arguably needs a simplest organizational structure. There are established methods and procedures on which to base a suitable structure for managing design projects. Project management tends to deal not only with a process or system in carrying out a particular task (e.g. a military project) but also entails the crossing of functional and organizational boundaries to achieve higher levels of performance and productivity. In this research, the concern of project management is to use management skills in coordinating design activities with other tasks in the organization, ensuring the provision of comprehensive design activities being given a …

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Identification Of Graphic Character Influenced By The Design Of Characteristic Features., Regina Wang, Ting Chien Lin Nov 2004

Identification Of Graphic Character Influenced By The Design Of Characteristic Features., Regina Wang, Ting Chien Lin

DRS Biennial Conference Series

Graphic design of character has been included one of the main factors in corporate identity system. It makes people to create an interactive connection of emotions in addition to enhance brand loyalty though its gratifying appearance. The characteristic feature performs the important role during the graphic character is being designed. It is able to create clear memory and impression for observers if the features of character were illustrated. The core of the investigation is to clarify the characteristic features demanded in identifying a character and to find out the importance of them. It is found that at least five characteristics …

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The Role Of Designer-Client Communication In Determining Product Appearance., Nathan Crilly, James Moultrie, P John Clarkson Nov 2004

The Role Of Designer-Client Communication In Determining Product Appearance., Nathan Crilly, James Moultrie, P John Clarkson

DRS Biennial Conference Series

This paper reports on a series of interviews with practising industrial design consultants. The difficulties they encounter in communicating with clients on the subject of product appearance are discussed. The effects on the design process, manufacture and subsequent marketing of the product are explored. A preliminary tool is presented for communicating on the subject of consumer response to product appearance. Designers’ views on how this might assist in communicating with their clients are discussed. In closing the paper, suggestions for possible future work are presented and conclusions are drawn.

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Designing Embodied Expressions., Thomas Van Rompay Nov 2004

Designing Embodied Expressions., Thomas Van Rompay

DRS Biennial Conference Series

An intriguing aspect of designed objects is their expressiveness. After all, perceiving objects as expressive comes most natural, but accounting for why an object is expressive is quite another thing. Oftentimes, an object’s expression may be seen as foremost motivated by social or cultural conventions. A hospital, for example, is recognized as being a hospital in part as the result of conventions defining what a hospital should look like. Upon nearing a big white building, brightly lighted from within and showing off many large windows, it doesn’t take too much effort to figure out the building’s purpose. However, next to …

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Fragments, Signs, Systems: Research Into Collaborative Innovation., Jan Coker Nov 2004

Fragments, Signs, Systems: Research Into Collaborative Innovation., Jan Coker

DRS Biennial Conference Series

This paper briefly discusses FRAGMENTS of insight resulting from my research into the design of a curriculum for collaborative innovation. In this curriculum diagrams are employed as visual SIGNS that represent diverse understanding of a problem, they are used by student designers to negotiate the collaborative innovative space. Any design can be viewed as a SYSTEM but the “wicked” problems described later in this paper exist in a globalizing and international context and may now offer opportunities for design of systems solutions that foster social and ecological sustainability.

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On The Implicit Intention In The Incubation And Pre-Inventive Structure Of Creative Design Thinking., Hisataka Noguchi, Yukari Nagai Nov 2004

On The Implicit Intention In The Incubation And Pre-Inventive Structure Of Creative Design Thinking., Hisataka Noguchi, Yukari Nagai

DRS Biennial Conference Series

In recent research on the creative design thinking, it is pointed out that creative design idea often comes from unexpected thinking process. Finke et al. [1] asserted that there is, at first, pre-inventive structure of thinking while designer generates a visual image, and after he/she get an image as the result of the pre-inventive structure he/she explore and interpret them into creative idea. Lawson [2] presented five-stepped model of creative thinking process. In this model, they pointed out that after making effort to analyze design problem, designer often came to relaxed time and seemed to forget the problem, and after …

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Profiling The Designer: How Are The Design Professions Perceived?, T W Allan Whitfield, Gillian Smith Nov 2004

Profiling The Designer: How Are The Design Professions Perceived?, T W Allan Whitfield, Gillian Smith

DRS Biennial Conference Series

This paper draws upon the results of two large-scale investigations into the public’s perceptions of the design professions. The first was a comparative study involving matched samples of Australians and South Koreans. Carried out within the framework of occupational prestige assessment (e.g. Daniel, 1983), it sought to position the design professions in terms of social standing relative to a range of other professions and occupations. It also provided a comparison of how designers perceived themselves against how the public perceived them (Chung and Whitfield, 1999; Whitfield and Smith, 2003). The second was the most extensive field survey so far undertaken …

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An Eye Tracking Technique Towards Form Reasoning In Design Practices., Kuo-Jung Hsieh, Eleanor Jayne Browne Nov 2004

An Eye Tracking Technique Towards Form Reasoning In Design Practices., Kuo-Jung Hsieh, Eleanor Jayne Browne

DRS Biennial Conference Series

Question - how do individuals perceive visual forms in the indication of daily life interactions? The recording of eye movements during task operation can indicate levels of cognitive behaviours that have been considerably difficult to detect in the past. Fixation and saccades data which display ‘intention shift’ and ‘motor system drive’ illustrate how individuals interact with visual stimuli. Two experiments were coordinated to examine the possibility of visual form reasoning investigation in design applications. The broad results indicated that successful communication and decision-making were very likely comprised of three major elements – ‘stimulus presentation’, ‘context’ and ‘personal preference’. However, even …

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Creating Opportunities For Successful Design Decisions In Uncertain Environment., Anssi Tuulenmaki Nov 2004

Creating Opportunities For Successful Design Decisions In Uncertain Environment., Anssi Tuulenmaki

DRS Biennial Conference Series

It is widely recognized that properly conducted early part of the new product development process – conceptualization or fuzzy front end – is vital for new product success. Accurate and timely information during the early phases of the New Product Development (NPD) and design processes reduces rework and lead-time, enables better planning, execution and results. Therefore, the aim of the conceptualization phase can be articulated as in providing information package according to which a decision could be made whether a concept is to be developed further to a product or not. What is the role of the conceptualization in situations …

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Designing In A Multicultural World., Konstantinos Syrmos, John Boult, Ray Holland Nov 2004

Designing In A Multicultural World., Konstantinos Syrmos, John Boult, Ray Holland

DRS Biennial Conference Series

The purpose of this study is to investigate a new paradigm in consumer behaviour, which is a conceptual framework to study how consumers behave through theoretical categories originating within different cultures. As individuals we belong to different cultures, but all of us belong to a cultural group called consumer culture, where design and branding play a major part when it comes to decision making. Today’s consumers are brand weary. They are surrounded by brands; they use brands and in many occasions identify themselves with the brand.

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Designerly Research: Towards Design's Own Research Paradigm., Fatina Saikaly Nov 2004

Designerly Research: Towards Design's Own Research Paradigm., Fatina Saikaly

DRS Biennial Conference Series

Design research draws on different research paradigms from both the sciences and the humanities. Two empirical works about design research at the doctoral level demonstrated the emergence of a research paradigm distinct from research in the sciences and the humanities. The first empirical work was a comparative study of ten Ph.D. programmes in design. The selected cases were from different geographical-cultural contexts. The study of each case was divided into three parts: the study of the programme, the study of a selected Ph.D. thesis and an interview with the coordinator of the programme or with a Ph.D. supervisor. The second …

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Using Music To Influence Creative And Critical Thinking., Kevin Hilton, Cathy Lockhart, A G Rodell, B Rodell Nov 2004

Using Music To Influence Creative And Critical Thinking., Kevin Hilton, Cathy Lockhart, A G Rodell, B Rodell

DRS Biennial Conference Series

This paper investigates the hypothesis that listening to music may influence responsiveness to creative or critical thinking tasks. It has been acknowledged that a driver’s attitude can change as a result of choice of music played during a journey, but is such an influence observable with cognitive tasks of a creative or critical nature? Certain types of music have been claimed to aid cognitive ability and skill development, though a number of follow-up research programmes have called the reliability of some of these tests into question. The term ‘Mozart Effect’ has been used in reference to a growing claim that …

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Design And Research Of Digital Valley Based On Gis And Vr., Zhaoxia Dong, Rongxin Yang, Cheng Wang, Feng Yang Nov 2004

Design And Research Of Digital Valley Based On Gis And Vr., Zhaoxia Dong, Rongxin Yang, Cheng Wang, Feng Yang

DRS Biennial Conference Series

Spatial information technology based on Geological Information System (GIS) is the natural and best way for building ‘Digital Valley’ engineering. After analyzing the framework and function of three-dimensional visualization simulation system about hydrological analysis and flood operation in Qingjiang valley, an integration solution of GIS and Virtual Reality (VR) is proposed in this paper. How to combine spatial data and attribute data to construct database, how to build GIS platform, how to produce scene models and how to display 3D terrain scene are discussed in detail. The practicing verifications have demonstrated the effectiveness of the proposed methods, which have been …

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