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2004

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Impacts Of Different Types Of Volatile Fatty Acids On The Bacterial Selection In Enhanced Biological Phosphorus Removal Systems, Jose Christiano Machado Jan 2004

Impacts Of Different Types Of Volatile Fatty Acids On The Bacterial Selection In Enhanced Biological Phosphorus Removal Systems, Jose Christiano Machado

UNLV Retrospective Theses & Dissertations

The impacts of different carbon sources, particularly VFAs, on EBPR's microbial population were investigated using T-RFLP and FISH. System performance and both general and specific microbial changes were investigated in SBR systems fed with acetate, propionate, butyrate, valerate, and glucose. Acetate and a mixture of acetate and propionate promoted the best P-removal. Butyrate and valerate lead the systems to fail in the long run. Glucose and propionate promoted poor EBPR, but the performance of the system fed with propionate improved with time. T-RFLP results indicated that short carbon chain VFAs, long carbon chain VFAs, and non-VFA favored different microbial populations …

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Diversity Frames: Toward A Mid -Range Theory In Supplier Diversity Management, Jocelina Santos Jan 2004

Diversity Frames: Toward A Mid -Range Theory In Supplier Diversity Management, Jocelina Santos

UNLV Retrospective Theses & Dissertations

The recognition that diversity is a visible facet of our global society is generating discourse among leaders in business, government, and civil society alike. In view of demographic changes affecting the labor and product supply markets, plus the value being placed on an emergent customer base, diversity rhetoric is shifting from "the right thing to do" to "the smart thing to do." With emphasis on the business case, organizations are adopting a culture of "inclusion". Executives tout diversity initiatives as business imperatives that are integral to the company's mission, but express a need for a more efficacious approach to diversity …

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Mary Shelly, Emily Bronte, And Christina Rossetti: The Literature Of Disability, Georgia E Standish Jan 2004

Mary Shelly, Emily Bronte, And Christina Rossetti: The Literature Of Disability, Georgia E Standish

UNLV Retrospective Theses & Dissertations

Many scholarly studies have examined illness, sickness, and invalidism in British nineteenth-century fiction. Few have explored these concepts in both fiction and poetry as "disabilities." This study traces the origins of the concept of disability in the poetic and fictional representations in three nineteenth-century key women authors: Mary Shelley's Frankenstein, Emily Bronte's Wuthering Heights and her poetry, and Christina Rossetti's "Monna Innominata: A Sonnet of Sonnets" and "Goblin Market." Significant to the early development of the concept of disability is the emergence of the related concept of normalcy in the nineteenth-century. Along with the concept of normalcy are also the …

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Characterization Of Dissolved Organic Carbon In Lake Mead, Yixin Wei Jan 2004

Characterization Of Dissolved Organic Carbon In Lake Mead, Yixin Wei

UNLV Retrospective Theses & Dissertations

Lake Mead is located in the Mojave Desert and provides water for several states in the southwestern U.S. Although most of the water in Lake Mead originates from the Colorado River, there are several minor sources of water, such as the Virgin River, the Muddy River, and the Las Vegas Wash, that could impact water quality. The principal objective of this study was to obtain new and fundamental information about dissolved organic carbon (DOC) in the Lake. This study focuses on the development of concentration methods for aquatic humic substances (HS, major components of DOC), and the characterization of HS …

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Vectors, Polluters, And Murderers: Hiv Testing Policies Toward Prostitutes In Nevada, Cheryl L Radeloff Jan 2004

Vectors, Polluters, And Murderers: Hiv Testing Policies Toward Prostitutes In Nevada, Cheryl L Radeloff

UNLV Retrospective Theses & Dissertations

This case study explores HIV testing policy and prostitution in Nevada. Three general themes emerge from analysis of Nevada's HIV/AIDS policy regarding prostitution. First, HIV testing policies reflect and reproduce hegemonic sexuality-specifically gender inequality, heterosexist orientation, and negative stereotypes of prostitutes. Second, Nevada's legalized prostitution industry makes visible the effects of economic dynamics, specifically tourism, on policies related to sexuality. Finally, the policymaking process depicts conflict between two approaches to regulation: the punitive control measures favored by law enforcement, and prevention and public health strategies favored by health bureaucracies. Testing prostitutes for HIV became the dominant policy response to an …

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Cavities On The Cob: Dental Health And The Agricultural Transition In Sonora, Mexico, James Thomas Watson Jan 2004

Cavities On The Cob: Dental Health And The Agricultural Transition In Sonora, Mexico, James Thomas Watson

UNLV Retrospective Theses & Dissertations

This research uses a predictive model based on dental health to test the hypothesis that maize dependence gradually increased among human groups in the Sonoran Desert over the course of the Early Agricultural period (1500 B.C.--A.D. 200). The hypothesis is tested by recording a suite of ten dental observations that correlate with this fundamental change in subsistence on a sample of 246 prehistoric human skeletons dating to the Early Agricultural period recovered from La Playa (SON F:10:3), Sonora, Mexico. The sample is evenly distributed among demographic variables, burial treatments, and location within the site. Erosion of the burials, however, restricted …

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Establishing Uranium Migration Parameters For The Indian Springs Range, Clinton E Abell Jan 2004

Establishing Uranium Migration Parameters For The Indian Springs Range, Clinton E Abell

UNLV Retrospective Theses & Dissertations

For the past 24 years, depleted uranium (DU) kinetic energy penetrators used by the US Air Force have been tested and evaluated to develop targeting system algorithms at a site in the Mojave Desert. This two-fold study focused on reducing uncertainties in the environmental parameters used to model DU migration in arid soils through extensive soil characterization; and evaluated potential horizontal migration of DU through close examination of erosion tracts traversing the target area. Model error reduction was achieved by developing site-specific parameters for DU migration on various impacted soil horizons. Parameters determined in this work included distribution coefficients, soil …

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A Comparison Of Video And Illustrated Audio As An Instructional Tool, Christopher E Zakrzewski Jan 2004

A Comparison Of Video And Illustrated Audio As An Instructional Tool, Christopher E Zakrzewski

UNLV Retrospective Theses & Dissertations

This study examines the differences in the acquisition of procedural knowledge between the utilization of video versus illustrated audio as an instructional tool. One hundred and forty-five students from two major southwestern universities participated in the study. Results indicate that there are no differences in the acquisition of procedural knowledge between using these instructional tools. It was also determined that several participant demographic characteristics and a participant's learning style---determined by the Gregorc Style Delineator---did not significantly moderate their acquisition of procedural knowledge.

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The Relationship Between Time On The Job And Compassion/Satisfaction Fatigue In Firefighters, Juanita M Buck Jan 2004

The Relationship Between Time On The Job And Compassion/Satisfaction Fatigue In Firefighters, Juanita M Buck

UNLV Retrospective Theses & Dissertations

First Responders such as firefighters who experience disasters and observe traumatic events may be at risk for generalized stress resulting from the type of work they do. Studies suggest that the more a person is subjected to traumatic incidents, the more they are at risk. This study assessed the relationship between time on the job and the levels of compassion fatigue and job burnout in firefighters. Results of this study did not indicate that there was a significant relationship between time on the job and compassion fatigue and burnout in the studied population. However, results did indicate that participants were …

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Prediction Of Struvite Formation Potential In Ebpr Digested Sludge Using Mass Balances, Batch Precipitation Tests, And Chemical Equilibrium Modeling, Hyunju Jeong Jan 2004

Prediction Of Struvite Formation Potential In Ebpr Digested Sludge Using Mass Balances, Batch Precipitation Tests, And Chemical Equilibrium Modeling, Hyunju Jeong

UNLV Retrospective Theses & Dissertations

Digested sludge liquors from wastewater treatment plants that include enhanced biological phosphorus removal (EBPR) in their treatment process have the potential to form struvite (MgNH4PO4·6H 2O). The potential can be determined by the concentrations of struvite constituents including phosphorus, ammonium, and magnesium. Phosphorus concentration of digested sludge liquors is expected to increase when EBPR is introduced to wastewater treatment plants because phosphorus accumulating organisms (PAOs) can accumulate phosphorus beyond their metabolic needs and phosphosphorus can be relased when they are digested anaerobically. The work presented in this thesis focuses on determining the potential for struvite formation at the City of …

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Ellis Island: The Public And Personal Representations Of The Immigrant Experience, Tara Maras Jan 2004

Ellis Island: The Public And Personal Representations Of The Immigrant Experience, Tara Maras

UNLV Retrospective Theses & Dissertations

Between 1892 and 1954, more than 12 million immigrants arrived at Ellis Island's shores for the promise of a new beginning in America. During this period of immigrant influx and in the decades to follow, anti-immigrant sentiment remained at the forefront of the collective American conscious, varying in severity, though ever present. This study compares the relationship between the personal stories of immigrants and the print media's account of immigration in Ellis Island's peak year, 1907, in an attempt to understand how storytelling, as communication, helped shape the collective immigrant experience. It also examines how the relationship contributes to U.S. …

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Characteristics Of The Mechanical Impedance Of The Hand-Arm System, Ahmed Moustafa Jan 2004

Characteristics Of The Mechanical Impedance Of The Hand-Arm System, Ahmed Moustafa

UNLV Retrospective Theses & Dissertations

The mechanical impedance of the human hand-arm system was measured within the frequency range of 5--1000 Hz. A handle specially designed for such measurements, was used. The studies were carried out on ten healthy male subjects during different experimental conditions defined by, three different vibration amplitudes (0.01, 0.005, and 0.001 m/s) different combinations of push (0--75 N) and grip (25--50 N) forces, and two different methods of handle mass subtraction (mathematical and electronic). The effect of test subjects' weight on the results was also studied. The outcome shows that the mechanical impedance of the hand-arm system depends on the frequency …

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Attention And Memory Bias For Positive Emotional Words, Gregory P Strauss Jan 2004

Attention And Memory Bias For Positive Emotional Words, Gregory P Strauss

UNLV Retrospective Theses & Dissertations

The current study examined the relationship between attention and memory for emotional words. Theories of "basic emotion" divide emotions into positive and negative classifications, and propose that discrete categories exist within the larger positive negative dichotomy. Previous research on emotion has yet to investigate the areas of attention and memory by dividing positive/negative words into discrete emotional categories. Participants included 30 undergraduate students between the ages 18--40. Attention and Memory were examined using an Emotional Stroop task, The Emotional Verbal Learning Test, and the California Verbal Learning Test-II, respectively. Stimuli for emotional tasks are divided into five emotional word categories …

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A Study Of Pre And Post Cold War Presidential International Crisis Rhetoric, Flora Anne Jackson Jan 2004

A Study Of Pre And Post Cold War Presidential International Crisis Rhetoric, Flora Anne Jackson

UNLV Retrospective Theses & Dissertations

This study examines three speeches delivered by U.S. presidents during times of international crises, Woodrow Wilson's speech on April 2, 1917, George H. W. Bush's speech delivered on January 16, 1991, and the speech by George W. Bush delivered on September 20, 2001. Elements of epideictic, deliberative and forensic strategies were applied to the discourse to determine whether the speeches conformed to expectations for presidential international crisis rhetoric. This thesis extends a study completed in 1989 in which Bonnie J. Dow argued that only epideictic and deliberative strategies appear in international crisis rhetoric. In contrast, this study found that, in …

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Lower Limb Bone Shape And Structure Among Populations Of Differing Lifestyles: Effects Of Biomechanical Stress And Inferences Of Activity, Michele Marcela Bleuze Jan 2004

Lower Limb Bone Shape And Structure Among Populations Of Differing Lifestyles: Effects Of Biomechanical Stress And Inferences Of Activity, Michele Marcela Bleuze

UNLV Retrospective Theses & Dissertations

It is known that activity-related stresses and mechanical loadings affect adult bone morphology. The purpose of this study is to examine how well presumed subsistence-related activities correlate with bone morphology; In addition, this study will investigate the degree to which sex differences can be explained by differences in mechanical loaDing If such differences in expression are apparent between males and females within a population, then it can be speculated that the sexes were participating in different activities---or at least in activities that yielded different mechanical loadings; Although there have been several biomechanical studies that have looked at the relationship between …

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Determining Capable Guardians In Rape Incidents, Alicia A Boots Jan 2004

Determining Capable Guardians In Rape Incidents, Alicia A Boots

UNLV Retrospective Theses & Dissertations

Crime prevention is crucial to safeguard individual freedom and maintain social order. This is especially true in rape incidents as consequences may have long-lasting physical and mental effects on individual victims and great social costs. This study employs the routine activities theory to examine whether and how capable guardians (e.g., the presence of bystanders, the use of physical resistance, forceful verbal resistance or non-forceful verbal resistance) are likely to affect rape outcomes; A sample of 638 females who were the victim of a single offender male perpetrated rape incident was drawn from the National Crime Victimization Survey, ranging from 1992 …

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The Effects Of An Elevated Pre-Test Heart Rate On A Cardiovascular Test, Jeffrey Allen Dolgan Jan 2004

The Effects Of An Elevated Pre-Test Heart Rate On A Cardiovascular Test, Jeffrey Allen Dolgan

UNLV Retrospective Theses & Dissertations

This study investigated the effects of an elevated Pre-Test Heart Rate (PTHR) on the results of the Physical Working Capacity Maximum (PWC max) test and Steady State Heart Rates (SSHR) during the two workloads that are used to predict PWC max. Fifteen subjects (ages 18-33 yrs, height 169.38 +/- 9.77 cm, body mass 68.43 +/- 12.53 kg, percent body fat 22.27 +/- 7.40 %) participated in the study. PTHR was elevated using three methods prior to the administration of the PWC max test and the results compared to a criterion PWC max test that was completed after the subject was …

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Survival Of Enterococcal And Streptococcal Species In Natural Waters, Kameron L Entrekin Jan 2004

Survival Of Enterococcal And Streptococcal Species In Natural Waters, Kameron L Entrekin

UNLV Retrospective Theses & Dissertations

Survival capabilities of indicators of fecal pollution, such as enterococci, in the natural aquatic environment are of particular importance in proper management of a watershed. The Las Vegas Wash (LVW) is a naturally occurring and engineered tributary to Lake Mead; The ability of the Las Vegas Wash to sustain microbial viability over time was assessed utilizing ATCC cultures and environmentally isolated species. Wash water samples were autoclaved and seeded with known concentrations of enterococci. Microcosms were incubated at 25°C, and decline was measured by heterotrophic plate counts at specific time intervals. Results of survival studies using ATCC derived species showed …

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Evaluation Of The Perceptual Magnet Effect And Categorical Perception For Musical Timbre, Melissa Kay Griffith Jan 2004

Evaluation Of The Perceptual Magnet Effect And Categorical Perception For Musical Timbre, Melissa Kay Griffith

UNLV Retrospective Theses & Dissertations

Recent auditory research has raised fundamental questions about the perceptual magnet effect (PME), where discrimination performance is poorer for stimuli that approach best exemplars of a phonetic category. It has been suggested that the effect reflects inter-categorical comparisons, and might not generalize to nonspeech. Three experiments addressed these concerns. In Experiment 1 prototype and non-prototype stimuli were determined from goodness ratings of synthesized (violin) timbres varying in center frequencies of F1 and F2 formants. Experiment 2 evaluated for a PME using discrimination data, and influences from other categories by comparing goodness ratings from stimuli in prototype, non-prototype, and no context …

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Pathological Gambling And Substance Abuse In The Las Vegas Arrestee Population, Jeffrey Michael Groebner Jan 2004

Pathological Gambling And Substance Abuse In The Las Vegas Arrestee Population, Jeffrey Michael Groebner

UNLV Retrospective Theses & Dissertations

There has been extensive literature on the nature of pathological gambling and substance abuse on criminal offending; however, most of what is known about these disorders stem from clinical populations and the general population. Both of these populations differ from arrestee populations; therefore, our understanding about the disorders remains limited. This is a study among the arrestee population utilizing data collected in Las Vegas detention centers during a federally funded research project that monitors the extent and nature of drug abuse. In addition to the program, a Gambling Addendum was administered to all willing participants; Findings support a greater prevalence …

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Abuse Histories Among Female Inmates, Magann Jordan Jan 2004

Abuse Histories Among Female Inmates, Magann Jordan

UNLV Retrospective Theses & Dissertations

The current study explores the extent and the consequences of one's prior history of physical and sexual abuse on criminal behavior of female offenders. Using a sample of incarcerated women, it will first investigate the prevalence of prior abuse (sexual and physical) among female offenders. Survey responses will then be analyzed to assess psychological problems and possible criminal patterns that are related to abuse history. Specifically, the study examines whether prior abuses are risk factors for committing particular types of criminal offenses. The results of this study are then discussed in terms of their implication for criminological theory and public …

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Developmental Perspective Of Adolescents Who Were Placed In Residential Care, Kim Hanson Jan 2004

Developmental Perspective Of Adolescents Who Were Placed In Residential Care, Kim Hanson

Theses and Dissertations

No abstract provided.

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Balanced Biosocial Theory For The Social Sciences, Michael A Restivo Jan 2004

Balanced Biosocial Theory For The Social Sciences, Michael A Restivo

UNLV Retrospective Theses & Dissertations

Evolutionary theory is the unquestioned paradigm for all biological sciences and is gaining acceptance in many of the social sciences, predominantly psychology and anthropology. Sociology, as a discipline, has failed to embrace evolutionary theory and remains uninformed about the most powerful scientific theory of living things: the theory of evolution by Darwinian selection. Traditional sociological theory is based largely on empirically questionable ideas about human development, behavior, and psychology, and often contradicts fundamental knowledge about evolution. As such, it often fails to contribute to a coherent and progressive corpus of sociological knowledge. Biosocial theories present a compelling alternative to the …

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Metricizing' Non-Metric Craniofacial Traits: Application Of Three Dimensional Geometric Morphometric Analysis To Ancestral Identification, Summer Joy Decker Jan 2004

Metricizing' Non-Metric Craniofacial Traits: Application Of Three Dimensional Geometric Morphometric Analysis To Ancestral Identification, Summer Joy Decker

UNLV Retrospective Theses & Dissertations

Non-metric traits are commonly used by anthropologists to distinguish between groups for such things as age, sex, and even ancestry. However, many non-metric traits cannot be measured with traditional osteological tools. While these traditional methods are useful, they do not take individual variation into account. This thesis uses geometric morphometric coordinate data to 'metricize' such traits and to evaluate their accuracy of correctly assigning unknown individuals to statistically defined groups; A 3-D digitizer was used to collect data from 39 craniofacial landmarks to capture the form of several phenotypic facial characteristics. The sample consisted of individuals from four different geographic …

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Measurement Of Lignin And Organic Carbon In Lake Mead Sediment, Ekhlas Lisa Nemr Jan 2004

Measurement Of Lignin And Organic Carbon In Lake Mead Sediment, Ekhlas Lisa Nemr

UNLV Retrospective Theses & Dissertations

Lignin distribution in sediment is a useful tool for tracing the transport of land derived organic matter in an aquatic environment. Tetramethylammonium hydroxide (TMAH) thermochemolysis at sub-pyrolysis temperatures of 300°C followed by GC-MS analysis showed a great promise in being able to semi quantitatively assess the nature of organic carbon in sediments. TMAH chemopyrolysis produces methylated syringyl (S), vanillyl (V), and cinnamyl (C) phenols from lignin, these methylated phenols are an indirect measure of lignin in sediment. The concentration of lignin phenols is indicative of the contribution of terrestrial runoff to lake sediments because lignin is exclusively a product of …

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Consideration Of Race/Ethnicity In Adolescent Substance Abuse Treatment Outcome Studies, Marilyn J Strada Jan 2004

Consideration Of Race/Ethnicity In Adolescent Substance Abuse Treatment Outcome Studies, Marilyn J Strada

UNLV Retrospective Theses & Dissertations

Substance use among youth continues to be a major concern in the United States. Several treatments have been developed for youth, but their external validity racially/ethnically diverse populations have not been evaluated for use in ethnic populations. The purpose of this paper was to examine the extent to which adolescent substance use treatment outcome studies have considered race/ethnicity-related factors in the design, implementation, and evaluation of treatments to determine degree of generalizability in racially/ethnically diverse populations. The findings underscored (1) discrepancies between treatment needs of racially/ethnically diverse youth and substances targeted in treatment, (2) the urgent need to focus on …

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Power Aware Broadcast Trees For Sensor Networks, Sridhar Veeravalli Jan 2004

Power Aware Broadcast Trees For Sensor Networks, Sridhar Veeravalli

UNLV Retrospective Theses & Dissertations

In a sensor network with nodes distributed randomly in a two dimensional plane, the problem of constructing a power aware broadcast tree from a given source node is a difficult problem when nodes have k different levels of power. In fact, it is known that the problem of constructing a broadcast tree that minimizes total power consumption is NP-hard; We investigate the development of a good approximation algorithm for generating power reduced broadcast trees for sensor networks. We are particularly interested in the diameter of the generated broadcast tree. Both theoretical investigation and simulated results are presented. We present two …

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Communication In The Classroom: An Interpretive Analysis Of Empowerment And Choice Theory, Judith Angela Jason Jan 2004

Communication In The Classroom: An Interpretive Analysis Of Empowerment And Choice Theory, Judith Angela Jason

UNLV Retrospective Theses & Dissertations

This analysis synthesizes the psychotherapeutic Choice theory classroom management model with a communication theory of learner empowerment. Four dimensions of learner empowerment: meaningfulness, competence, impact, and choice are illuminated as inherent in the classroom management techniques and behavioral plans within the Choice theory paradigm. This in-depth portrayal synthesizes the language employed in the implementation of the psychotherapeutic model with task assessment manipulations of each of the four learner empowerment dimensions. Linguistic and environmental strategies for cognitive manipulation of task assessments for each dimension are revealed. This interpretive analysis advances Choice theory as a method for manipulating task assessments of each …

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Performance Characteristics Of Beamline 6.3.1 From 200 Ev To 2000 Ev At The Advanced Light Source, Ponnusamy Nachimuthu, J. H. Underwood, C. D. Kemp, Eric M. Gullikson, Dennis W. Lindle, David K. Shuh, Rupert C. Perera Jan 2004

Performance Characteristics Of Beamline 6.3.1 From 200 Ev To 2000 Ev At The Advanced Light Source, Ponnusamy Nachimuthu, J. H. Underwood, C. D. Kemp, Eric M. Gullikson, Dennis W. Lindle, David K. Shuh, Rupert C. Perera

Chemistry and Biochemistry Faculty Research

Bend magnet beamline 6.3.1 at the Advanced Light Source operates from 200 eV to 2000 eV, primarily used for x-ray absorption fine structure investigations. The beamline optics consist of a compact, entrance-slitless, Hettrick-Underwood type variable-line-spacing plane-grating monochromator and refocusing mirrors to provide a 25 μm × 500 μm spot at the focal point in the reflectometer end station. Wavelength is scanned by the simple rotation of the grating and illuminates a fixed exit slit. The LabView based beamline control and data acquisition computer code has been implemented to provide a convenient interface to the user. The dedicated end station is …

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The Radial Spokes And Central Apparatus: Mechano-Chemical Transducers That Regulate Flagellar Motility, Elizabeth F. Smith, Pinfen Yang Jan 2004

The Radial Spokes And Central Apparatus: Mechano-Chemical Transducers That Regulate Flagellar Motility, Elizabeth F. Smith, Pinfen Yang

Biological Sciences Faculty Research and Publications

No abstract provided.

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